Knowledge Sharing Program Research Articles

한국의 지식 공유형 교육 ODA 정책 내러티브에 관한 비판적 담론 분석

This study examines how education ODA policy narrative has been delivered in the form of policy transfer through the Knowledge Sharing Program (KSP) from South Korea to partner countries and further explores what kind of education policy discourse is being formed in the process. To this end, a critical discourse analysis was conducted on 33 policy advisory reports of KSP projects in the education sector from 2005 to 2021. The results can be divided mainly into three dimensions. In terms of textual practice, the KSP reports deliver a tacit message that Korea's education policies and systems are superior to those of partner countries by repeatedly using specific vocabulary or reinforcing contrasting metaphors when describing the current educational state of Korea and partner countries. At the level of discursive practice, the forms of description tended to be particularly bureaucratic and stereotyped, simply listing information according to a consistent structure. Moreover, the content of the reports, in general, was characterized by lacking consideration of the different social contexts of the partner countries. In terms of socio-cultural practice, it was confirmed that the situational context in which the report was planned and written ─ as well as the political stance of the Korean government had a significant influence on the formation of the policy narrative. This study examined the trends, characteristics, problems, and limitations of Korean education ODA analyzed in previous studies from a new perspective of discourse formation and dissemination through critical discourse analysis of policy narratives. On that basis, this study suggests considerations essential for Korean education ODA to create a narrative with its own originality and expertise.

지식공유사업 시행체계의 성공요인 분석

Purpose: This study provides policy implications for improving the implementation system of the Knowledge Sharing Program by analyzing its success factors.
 Originality: Little has been known about the essential elements for designing an effective knowledge sharing program. This study identified and analyzed the success factors of the KSP based on the perceptions of the project managers and officers from implementing agency of the program who possess tacit knowledge concerning the planning and operation of such a program.
 Methodology: A model was derived, consisting of 4 actors, 13 categories, and 55 success factors based on the preliminary interviews. A survey was conducted to investigate the success criteria of the KSP, significance of each success factor, and exemplary cases of both success and underperformance, and their consistency was assessed.
 Result: While no consensus on the criteria for success was found among KSP experts, the need to define the program’s accountability ceiling was evident. Several success factors were consistently found crucial; the interest and will of high-level officials in partner country, the selection of appropriate projects, and the selection of competent researchers. This means that what determine the performance of knowledge sharing are creating knowledge that meets the development needs of partner countries and delivering it in a way that can be applied by partner countries.
 Conclusion and Implication: The factors determined in the planning stage are significant for success of the program.
 Implementing agencies should ensure stable foundation for conducting KSP, so that they can mobilize sufficient resources in project planning. The internal evaluation of KSP should be process-oriented, focusing on observable outputs and short-term outcomes as well as on improvement of quality of knowledge sharing activities.

What Matters for the Successful Policy Transfer? Empirical Evidence From South Korea’s Knowledge Sharing Program(KSP)

What Matters for the Successful Policy Transfer? Empirical Evidence From South Korea’s Knowledge Sharing Program(KSP)

Persepsi Guru-guru Bahasa Melayu di Sekolah Jenis Kebangsaan Daerah Port Dickson, Negeri Sembilan terhadap Penguasaan Kemahiran Lisan Bahasa Melayu Sepanjang Pandemik COVID-19

Mastery of listening and speaking skills (oral) in Malay language is a major problem in Teaching and Learning (PdP) in schools. Moreover, teachers who teach Malay mostly have no option. This problem became more serious when the COVID-19 pandemic hit the world. Can teachers teach oral skills virtually? A study was conducted to identify the perceptions of teachers who teach the mastery of Malay oral skills to non-native speaking students throughout the Teaching and Learning at Home (PdPR) period. A total of 101 teachers participating in the Malay Language Knowledge Sharing Program virtually were selected as respondents. They consisted of teachers who teach Malay in 16 Chinese National Type Schools (SJKC) and 17 Tamil National Type Schools (SJKT) in Port Dickson District, Negeri Sembilan. The study was conducted using a quantitative design. The research instrument used was a questionnaire that was adapted, containing 34 items using the 5-point Likert scale feedback and semi -structured questions. The data were supported by interviews with 4 teachers and one SISC+ officer from Port Dickson District. The discussion is based on the Behaviourism Theory. The data obtained were analyzed using Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) Version 25.0 using descriptive statistics. The findings showed that the perception of teachers who implemented PdPR in this new norm is encouraging. Various initiatives and sacrifices have been made by the teachers at SJK to continue the PdP of students throughout the COVID-19 pandemic that hit the world. The impact of the program is expected to improve the performance of Malay language in SJK after the face-to-face classes are conducted again.

Praktik Paradiplomasi dalam Implementasi Kerjasama Smart City Pemerintah Kota Bandung dan Kota Seoul

Paradiplomacy was popular in the early 1980s, when the Quebec City government strengthened cooperation with regional governments of other countries and other state actors in international relations. This phenomenon was studied in depth by diplomacy experts, namely Duchacek and Soldatos, which was later implemented in practice in transnational relations between countries in the world. The same thing was done by the city government of Bandung. The Bandung City Government undergoes the stages of smart collaboration formulation. An important process in paradiplomacy is the occurrence of communication contained in the policy advocacy process of the Seoul City government through the Knowledge Sharing Program (KSP) under the Ministry of Economy and Finance of South Korea. This study aims to see the Bandung City government as a subnational government entity conducting diplomacy outside the context of traditional diplomacy, namely paradiplomacy in implementing Smart City cooperation with the City of Seoul in 2016-2019. This research was conducted using a qualitative approach with literature study methods. The literature study method is useful for gathering secondary information needed to support findings in research. This study produces a map of cooperation between the City of Seoul and the City of Bandung which has not been discussed in a similar study using a paradiplomation framework that combines the concepts of Duchacek, Soldatos and Keohane. The cooperation map referred to is an in-depth explanation of the smart city of Bandung which includes Smart Branding, Smart Living, Smart Environment and Smart Government.

Al-Mahali Islamic Boarding School Administration Empowerment through Financial Management in Conformity with Accounting Standards

Islamic boarding schools have an important role in Indonesia not only in developing religious knowledge but also in the building of character for the nation. With 26,000 schools in 2018 and around 4 million students recorded, Islamic boarding schools are among one of the various institutions in Indonesia that partake in the field of education. Islamic boarding schools also have a role in the country's economic development. However, regarding financial management as an educational institution, many Islamic boarding schools still utilise manual record-keeping methods. Such methods are currently insufficient to facilitate institutional development. The Al-Mahali Islamic boarding school is well aware of this issue and took the initiative to invite speakers from Economics Faculty of Pakuan University to share their knowledge on financial record-keeping in conformity with financial accounting standards (PSAK 45, SAK ETAP, and SAKSyariah). The knowledge-sharing program was held in an SAK based accounting training activity for the financial administration of Al-Mahali Islamic boarding school and students in general as a provision to expand their knowledge. The program was carried out smoothly and was greeted with enthusiasm by the participants. A follow-up mentoring session was planned to be held in the future regarding the implementation of SAK.

A Study on the Knowledge Sharing Program (KSP) with Transition Countries and Implications for Development Cooperation

A Study on the Knowledge Sharing Program (KSP) with Transition Countries and Implications for Development Cooperation

Learning from the “Miracle of Han River”

The overall competitiveness performance has four basic dimensions: Economic performance, government efficiency, business efficiency and Infrastructure. improving national competitiveness is like an investment, investing from the physical infrastructure to soft infrastructure. Korea’s transition from one of the poorest countries in the early 1960s to the world’s 11th -largest economy is unprecedented. Government plays a dominant role in the Korean economic growth since 1960s, first step taken by the government was building infrastructure. Korean government has always been committed to investment in education, improve people’s education level to meet the new requirement of labor markets. Nowadays, the high development of Korea is becoming innovation hub in the creative economy. By launching “creative economy” initiative, “creative Korea” strategy is to mainstream the use of ICTs across the entire economy and in particular to increase ICT adoption within SMEs. In addition, an area that will increase in importance is the Internet of Things (IoT). Korea is implementing Knowledge Sharing Program with worldwide partners and learning advanced experience. Sharing Korean experience and jointly developing sustainable growth. However, solving the youth unemployment issue is priority to President Moon Jae-in, the unemployment rate of March triggered the alarm again, his administration planned to implement a series of promotion policies help youth out of catastrophe. Besides, developing a high-quality employment, training the workers to adjust the fourth technological revolution. knowledge sharing program with Hungary provides some suggestions from the Korean experiences. This proposal tries to find out how do Korea improve competitiveness since last century and some experiences of solving the unemployment.

Nothing new under the sun: South Korea’s developmental promises and neoliberal illusions

The Korean government has strategically promoted the country’s development assistance policies as an alternative to traditional donors’ failed development promises and disguised neo-imperialist policies. This article questions the adequacy of fit between this narrative of exceptionalism and the reality of Korea’s developmental policy prescriptions. Based on field interviews and an analysis of policy recommendation reports produced by the Economic Development Cooperation Fund’s Knowledge Sharing Program, this article shows that Korea is actually ‘kicking away the ladder’ by offering neoliberal prescriptions that are much more in line with global developmental liberalism than its own promotional narrative suggests. Korea is merely aligning itself with the global development status quo. But these prescriptions ease chaebols’ entry in developing markets and contribute to exporting an oppressive chaebol-led transnational labour regime, notably in the Philippines.

Socialized soft power: recasting analytical path and public diplomacy

Soft power debate has not analytically moved beyond the questions of whether soft power matters and of whether soft power can work independent of hard power since Nye’s initial formulation. Furthermore, the question of how a state selects the source(s) of its soft power remains silent in the literature. This neglect leads to the underspecification of the nature and content of a given state’s soft power policy. In this article, we fill in these gaps by recasting the conventional understanding of soft power conceptually and analytically. Conceptually, we make the case that soft power should be understood as a form of productive power for its conceptual and analytical distinction. On the basis of this reformulation, we specify an analytical framework that helps map out how a state determines the sources of its soft power. The crux of the framework is the notion of ‘dual process’ of international recognition and domestic self-identification mutually informing and reinforcing each other for the identification of a specific source of a given state’s soft power. We illustrate the analytical framework with an empirical example of South Korea’s launch and consolidation of its new ODA policy, Knowledge Sharing Program.

Ownership and Planning Capacity in the Asian-Style Development Cooperation: South Korean Knowledge Sharing Program to Vietnam

The rise of Asian ODA donors - Japan, South Korea, China - and their divergence from traditional western donors put forward the question if a distinct Asian-style development cooperation is in the making. In this paper, we attempt to characterize the emergent Asian-style ODA based on donors’ own development experiences and assess its effectiveness in terms of fostering “true” ownership of development partners. One particular case, South Korea’s Knowledge Sharing Program to Vietnam, will illuminate the theoretical issues and practical challenges of the Asian-style ODA, which tends to avoid “political interference” while trying to increase capacities of development partners.

Exporting the Saemaul spirit: South Korea’s Knowledge Sharing Program and the ‘rendering technical’ of Korean development

This article provides a critical intervention into South Korea’s recent effort to promote its 1970s authoritarian-era rural modernization program, Saemaul Undong (New Village Movement), as the ‘iconic’ model of its international development assistance. To better understand how this movement has been represented, this article examines the policy narratives that have been produced by the Korean government’s Knowledge Sharing Program (KSP) and circulated through multiple development cooperation initiatives. These narratives portray Saemaul as the key to Korea’s developmental success: a mental revolution in values that inculcated the ‘can-do’ spirit in poor rural villagers and allowed them to escape poverty and stagnation. We argue that the emphasis of this narrative on the spiritual, voluntary, and value-oriented nature of the movement has been used to ‘render technical’ Korea’s development experience: i.e. to reduce it to a question of how development experts successfully cultivated the spirit of development in the Korean people and, by extension, how developing countries might do the same. We show how this narrative neglects the contested history and Cold War context of Saemaul, raising questions about the ‘brand’ of development assistance that has been built upon it.

-------(KSP)) - (A Comparative Study of ODA Strategies of South Korea and China A Case of Knowledge Sharing Program (KSP))

Choi, Changyong; Kang, June Mi.December, 2015.A comparative study of ODA strategies of South Korea and China,Reports,[Sejong, South Korea]KDI School of Public Policy and Management,KDI school of pub policy & management paper/15-11,48

Creating a Sequestration Capacity Building and Knowledge Sharing Program

Around the world, research and validation of carbon capture and storage (CCS) technology is taking place through demonstration projects. Valuable experience in developing, implementing, and operating CCS projects is being gained. Knowledge shared from operating CCS projects is critical to understanding the technological aspects and non-technical implications of CCS. Utilizing experiences gained furthers best practices and facilitates commercial implementation of CCS by building capacity among scientists, project developers, and operators.The Illinois State Geological Survey (ISGS), in collaboration with the Midwest Geological Sequestration Consortium (MGSC), has created an international CCS capacity building and knowledge-sharing program in Champaign, Illinois USA. The Sequestration Training and Education Program (STEP) is funded by the U.S. Department of Energy to provide knowledge sharing and capacity building opportunities at all levels. STEP works to stimulate economic recovery and development by training personnel for work in conjunction with commercial CCS projects. Additionally, STEP works with national and international professional organizations and regional experts to leverage existing training opportunities and provide stand-alone training. STEP seeks to build capacity for CCS technology and knowledge sharing through quality educational experiences including regional, national and international exchange programs. STEP programs include knowledge sharing opportunities designed to further the understanding of the technical, political and societal concepts associated with CCS.STEP educational programs are built on the solid foundation of research being conducted through the ISGS and MGSC in the Midwestern region of the United States. Programs are based on providing hands-on learning experiences and information sharing on CCS, through project level experience gained through the MGSC Illinois Basin – Decatur Project (Decatur, Illinois USA), Illinois Industrial CCS Project (Decatur, Illinois USA), Taylorville Energy Center (Taylorville, Illinois USA), and others. This unique research collaboration allows for the creation of knowledge sharing and capacity building programs that draw on CCS experts with pilot-scale and demonstration- scale, project-specific experience to develop conferences, short courses, brown-bag lectures and workshops to meet diverse training needs. A key program focus for STEP is to ensure that the multiple disciplines required for successful CCS operations have an appreciation for the contributions required from experts in multiple facets of permit development, engineering, geology, geophysics, hydrology, drilling and completion, surface facilities development to ensure a successful project. The development of the STEP center, capacity building and knowledge sharing experiences, and collaborations will be discussed.

Regional Difference and Counterfactual Decomposition of Pro-Poor Growth: An Application to Rural Ethiopia

Previous literature, ignoring regional heterogeneity, has mainly explored the interrelationship among growth, inequality, and poverty. Exploring the incidence of poverty and growth, we classify rural Ethiopia into three regions based on the difference of production technologies and climates. We find evidence that regional heterogeneity exists across the three regions. To find sources of the heterogeneity, we estimate a pseudo-fixed effect probit model controlling for household fixed effects within a random effect probit model across regions. We find that poverty is determined by different sources across the three regions each with different farming systems. Moreover, poor households can escape poverty only when their expected level of well-being is improved by increases in asset holdings and/or returns to assets. Hence, we propose, using counterfactual decomposition, that pro-poor growth can be decomposed into two components: changes in the amount of attributes such as observable household assets or capital, and changes in ‘aggregate marginal product’ of the attributes. We find that the impacts of the changes in the aggregate marginal product on pro-poor growth are significant in hoe area, but the changes in attributes do not significantly affect growth in this region. The aspects of growth are determined heterogeneously across regions: in the highland area, both components works together; in the hoe area, the changes in aggregate marginal product mainly determine the growth; and in the enset area, it is changes in attributes that mainly determine the positive growth. We find evidence that pro-poor growth in a relative sense appear in the hoe area, where the impact of changes in the aggregate marginal product on growth is heterogeneous along the income distribution; the larger impact appears in the lower tails, while smaller impact can be seen in the upper tails. However, we find no evidence of pro-poor growth in the highland and the enset areas, where the impacts of the marginal product on growth are anti-poor and insignificant, respectively. Therefore, since the impact of changes in productivity on growth differs across regions, disseminated technology to increase household productivity should be tested whether it could generate pro-poor growth based on the recipient’s environment. For example, in providing agricultural technologies through the Korea Project on International Agriculture (KOPIA) or new knowledge via the Knowledge Sharing Program (KSP), we have to deliberate carefully on whether the knowledge and technology do indeed have pro-poor aspects.

Regional Difference and Counterfactual Decomposition of Pro-Poor Growth: An Application to Rural Ethiopia

Previous literature, ignoring regional heterogeneity, has mainly ex-plored the interrelationship among growth, inequality, and poverty. In exploring the incidence of poverty and growth, we classify rural Ethiopia into three regions based on the difference of production technologies and climates. We find evidence that regional heterogeneity exists across the three regions. To find the sources of heterogeneity, we estimate a pseudo-fixed effect probit model controlling for household fixed effects within a random effect probit model across regions. We find that poverty is determined by different sources across the three regions, each with different farming systems. Moreover, poor households can escape poverty only when their expected level of well-being has been improved by increases in asset holdings and/or returns to assets. Hence, we propose, using counterfactual decomposition, that pro-poor growth can be decomposed into two components: changes in the amount of attributes such as observable household assets or capital, and changes in ‘aggregate marginal product’ of the attributes. We find that the impacts of the changes in the aggregate marginal product on pro-poor growth are significant in the hoe area, but the changes in attributes do not significantly affect growth in this region. The aspects of growth are determined heterogeneously across regions: in the highland area, both components work together; in the hoe area, growth is mainly determined by changes in the aggregate marginal product; and in the enset area, it is changes in attributes that mainly determine the positive growth. We find evidence that pro-poor growth in a relative sense appear in the hoe area, where the impact of changes in the aggregate marginal product on growth is heterogeneous along the income distribution; the larger impact appears in the lower tails, while smaller impact can been seen in the upper tails. However, we find no evidence of pro-poor growth in the highland and the enset areas, where the impacts of the aggregate marginal product on growth are anti-poor and insignificant, respectively. Therefore, since the impact of changes in productivity on growth differs across regions, technology disseminated to increase household productivity should be tested whether it could generate pro-poor growth in the recipient’s environment. For example, in providing agricultural technologies through the Korea Project on International Agriculture (KOPIA) or new knowledge via the Knowledge Sharing Program (KSP), we have to deliberate carefully on whether the knowledge and technology do indeed have pro-poor aspects.