Traffic Safety Knowledge Research Articles

Investigating the immediate and mid-term effect of a gamified e-learning platform for the enhancement of traffic knowledge and skills among Vietnamese adolescents operating powered two-wheelers

Introduction: Traffic crashes caused by adolescents are being assessed as particularly serious and a common concern of society as a whole. Improving traffic knowledge and skills is crucial in reducing adolescent traffic crashes. Objectives: This study aimed to investigate the effects of a gamified e-learning platform on traffic knowledge and skills among adolescents (aged 15–18) in Vietnam. Method: Using a pretest–posttest design, this quasi-experimental study, included 350 participants within the intervention group and 350 participants within the control group. All participants were selected from three high schools in Ho Chi Minh City in Vietnam. Intervention group participants got a gamified traffic safety learning experience with a gamified e-learning platform, while control group participants received general traffic safety education through conventional methods using short videos. The effect was measured via tests focusing on traffic knowledge and skills. Data were subsequently collected from both groups before (i.e., pretest) and immediately after (i.e., posttest 1) following the education. In addition, within the intervention group also a second posttest (i.e., posttest 2) was conducted six months after following the education. Results: A significant increase in scores on posttest 1 compared to the pretest was found in the intervention group but not in the control group. Also, among the intervention group, the scores in posttest 2 were significantly better than those in the pretest, however, there was no difference in scores between posttest 1 and posttest 2. Conclusion: The results of this study indicated that the gamified e-learning platform cannot only improve participants’ knowledge of traffic safety but also help participants retain such knowledge for at least six months. Practical implications: The study findings can reinforce the important role of traffic safety education in improving adolescent traffic knowledge and skills.

A Study of Students’ Perceptions toward the Use of Gamification in Traffic Safety Education in Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam

High school students are overrepresented in traffic crashes, compared to other subgroups of students in Vietnam. Traffic safety education can increase students’ knowledge and skills, but faces issues regarding psychological factors including engagement, motivation, and attitude. Gamification has a great potential to tackle these issues. This research aimed to explore the effectiveness of traffic safety education, through a gamified platform, on students’ knowledge and skills about traffic safety, and their engagement, motivation, and attitude towards traffic safety education before and after following this platform by online questionnaires. Findings show that the platform is not only advantageous to measure students’ learning outcomes regarding traffic safety knowledge and skills which are categorized based on their socio-demographic characteristics, but also generates engagement, motivation, and positive attitudes towards traffic safety education. In an effort to increase the effectiveness of traffic safety education, gamified platform is suggested as an innovative and effective teaching method for traffic safety education in Vietnam.

Modelling factors that impact the use of child safety seats for nursery school travel

Children, as one of the most vulnerable road user groups, are exposed to a high risk of traffic crash-related injuries and fatalities. Children’s incomplete physical and cognitive development leads to inaccurate detection of traffic hazards and inadequate road crossing decisions. When young children travel as car occupants, their body structures are immature, and restraint over larger and sometimes different body areas is necessary. Therefore, children’s vulnerability as car occupants is subject to their age and physical development. This research investigates factors influencing child car seat usage, particularly child restraint systems or booster seats, for commuting to nursery schools. An experimental study was conducted in three suburbs of Athens, Greece, with distinctive socioeconomic status (SES) and built environment characteristics. For this purpose, a self-administered parental questionnaire was completed for 734 children attending municipality nursery schools, exploring the traffic safety practices for preschool children, child-parent interactions, the parent’s risk perception, behaviour, and knowledge of traffic safety. Responses reveal that the surveyed children—irrespective of the residence area—travel to the nursery school mainly as car occupants (89.6% overall, ranging between 84.8% for the area with the lowest SES and 96.1% for the area with the highest SES). In addition, the results indicate that three-quarters of the children are often placed in a car seat, while almost one-quarter are never restrained. Regression and structural equation models are estimated and used to examine factors affecting the usage of child safety seats. Finally, conclusions are drawn, along with suggestions to overcome the limitations and complete this research with ongoing and future data collection and analyses.

A Cross-sectional Study of Road Traffic Safety Knowledge, Attitude, and Practice among Emergency Department Staff

Background and Purpose: Emergency Department (ED) staff are frequently faced with road traffic injury victims and also play role as various road users. This study was conducted to investigate the knowledge, attitude, and practices of ED staff towards road safety at referral trauma hospitals of Tabriz.
 Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted in 2020 in the referral trauma hospitals of Tabriz. Data were collected using a standard questionnaire. Census sampling was used to select the participants. Descriptive statistics, Pearson’s correlation test and logistic regression model were used for the data analysis using SPSS Software.
 Results: The mean score of the ED staff in traffic safety knowledge, attitude and practices was 9.73 ± 2.28 out of 15, 95.3±11.4 out of 118, and 61.3±8 out of 76, respectively. The staff’s traffic safety knowledge was associated with their attitude and practices. Moreover, the univariate logistic regression modeling results revealed that participants' traffic safety attitude (OR= 0.96 (95% CI= 0.93-0.99)) and practices (OR= 0.95 (95% CI= 0.91-0.99)) were, independently, correlated with a reduction in road traffic accidents.
 Conclusions: The ED staff’s attitudes towards traffic safety had a positive correlation with their practices and also accident experience. Nonetheless, after adjusting the data in terms of knowledge and attitude, road traffic safety practice was not associated with participants' accident experience. It is crucial to consider road safety education in colleges to promote safety knowledge of graduate individuals which will have conspicuous results in risk reduction.

Road safety education for schools with ZoSS facilities in Bandung City, Jawa Barat

West Java is the province in Indonesia with the third greatest number of accidents. Accidents are caused by dangerous traffic behavior. In order to save Indonesia's productive generation, changing traffic behavior is a top concern. Several schools in accident-prone areas have been designated as Safe School Zones (ZoSS) by the government. However, it is vital to teach students and their support systems how to drive safely. This program seeks to promote road safety knowledge and behavior, support changes in traffic safety behavior, and increase traffic safety knowledge and behavior among students, teachers, and the public. On December 22, 2021, the activity was held in 5 elementary schools (SD) and 5 junior high schools (SMP), with theoretical and practical road safety training. The activities resulted in the development of young fighters' capacity, the formation of Road Safety Ambassadors and Safety Awareness Community Groups (KMSK), and the emergence of a sustainable program by advocating to the government and designating the Bandung City Transportation Office as the Adopting Father of Ambassadors and KMSK.

Traffic safety knowledge gain of ambulance drivers after simulator-based training

BackgroundCompared to other road users, ambulance drivers are at a higher accident risk while driving with warning lights and sirens. No standard exists for training or education for emergency medical service employees driving ambulances. Training programs should positively influence knowledge. However, knowledge gain can be influenced by several different factors. This study developed a knowledge test for ambulance drivers to determine influencing factors on knowledge and its gain by simulator-based training.MethodsTwo parallel knowledge test forms with 20 questions each were designed in several steps and tested on up to 174 participants. Questionnaires were used to study associated and influencing factors, such as objective experience, subjective attitudes, personality, motivation and demographic data.ResultsTest construction showed good overall parallelism of the two tests as well as reliability and sensitivity. There was no correlation between subjective and objective knowledge gain, but participants with higher subjective knowledge gain showed a higher variation in objective knowledge. Younger age, higher qualification, higher number of license classes, fewer traffic violations, and more traffic safety trainings were positively associated with knowledge, whereas less yearly driving mileage, more traffic safety trainings, and higher risk sensitivity positively influenced knowledge gain through the training.ConclusionKnowledge and its gain through training are very low. Reasons for the lack of predictive power of some variables, such as motivation, personality and attitudes, are discussed. This study presents a new tool for testing knowledge on driving with warning lights and sirens. It shows the need for objective testing and for further research in this special area.

Edukasi Keselamatan Lalulintas Warga Ngadinegaran Kecamatan Mantrijeron Daerah Istimewa Yogyakarta

The community service program is carried out in Ngadinegaran, Mantrijeron, DIY. Mantrijeron Urban Village is in the Mantrijeron sub-district area with an area of ​​2.61 km2. Kampung Ngadinegaran is part of the tourist center in the city of Yogyakarta, with high population and during holidays the road conditions also become very crowded and even congestion often occurs. This highly congested traffic condition often causes accidents due to lack of knowledge of traffic safety. The target of this activity is to improve understanding, awareness and knowledge of traffic safety, so that the number of accidents that occur will be reduced. The method in this commuty service is to provide socialization about the importance of traffic safety . The result of socialization shows that the community is very interested in this activity and they want to get more information about traffic safety education regularly because this activity can improve the awareness about traffic safety.

Sosialisasi Safety Road Berkendaraan Roda Dua pada Pelajar SMU/SMK di Balikpapan

The Director General of Traffic of the East Kalimantan Regional Police (2019) stated that, victims of traffic accidents 37% were 16-25 years old. The number of victims of accidents based on education is highest among students of Public High Schools and Vocational High Schools. Based on these facts, it is necessary to carry out activities aimed at broadening students' knowledge about Safety Road in two-wheeled vehicles and fostering awareness of driving that prioritizes road user safety. This activity was carried out in 3 sessions, namely giving pre-tests regarding traffic safety knowledge, the second session giving knowledge about traffic safety and question and answer, and ending with giving a post-test. Based on the test results found that an increase in the number of correct answers from the post-test and pre-test around 50%. From the results of the questionnaire, it was found that the implementation of this activity was very important and beneficial for the participants of the socialization.

Investigating the underreporting of pedestrian and bicycle crashes in and around university campuses − a crowdsourcing approach

In this paper, the non-motorized traffic safety concerns in and around three university campuses are evaluated by comparing police-reported crash data with traffic safety information sourced from the campus communities themselves. The crowdsourced traffic safety data comprise of both self-reported crashes as well as perceived hazardous locations. The results of the crash data analysis reveal that police-reported crashes underrepresent non-motorized safety concerns in and around the campus regions. The spatial distribution of police-reported crashes shows that police-reported crashes are predominantly unavailable inside the main campus areas, and the off-campus crashes over-represent automobile involvement. In comparison, the self-reported crash results report a wide variety of off-campus collisions not involving automobiles, while also highlighting the issue of high crash concentrations along campus boundaries. An assessment of the perceived hazardous locations (PHLs) reveals that high concentrations of such observations at/near a given location have statistically significant association with both survey-reported crashes as well as future police-reported crashes. Moreover, the results indicate the presence of a saturation point in the relationship between crashes and PHLs wherein beyond a certain limit, an increasing number of traffic safety concerns may not necessarily correlate with a proportional increase in the number of crashes. These findings suggests that augmenting our existing knowledge of traffic safety through crowdsourcing techniques can potentially help in better estimating both existing as well as emerging traffic safety concerns.

An Intervention to Reduce Bicycle Injuries among Middle School Students in Rural China.

This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of an intervention to reduce bicycle injuries among rural middle school students in China. A one-year cluster-randomized controlled trial was conducted with seventh grade students from six middle schools in two towns in rural Chaoshan, China. The two towns were randomly assigned to either the intervention or control group. Road safety education materials, two lectures on road safety, and a series of health education activities were delivered to 1312 students in the intervention group over one year, and the content of the intervention included traffic safety knowledge, methods of preventing bicycle injury and management of bicycle injuries. Questionnaires weere administered to the two groups before and after the intervention to measure the incidence, cognitions, and behaviors related to bicycle injuries. The pre-intervention incidence of bicycle injuries exhibited no significant difference between the two groups, while the difference reached significance after the intervention (χ2 = 13.409, p < 0.001). In the intervention group, the incidence decreased significantly after the intervention (χ2 = 8.137, p = 0.004), while no significant change was observed in the control group. Publicity and education intervention measures have certain short-term effects on the prevention of bicycle injuries among rural middle school students; we should approach intervention measures according to the characteristics of traffic injuries in different areas.

Pilot Study: A Pediatric Pedestrian Safety Curriculum for Preschool Children.

To evaluate and implement the WalkSafe Pre-Kindergarten Pedestrian Safety Curriculum. A quasi-experimental pretest-posttest design without a control group was used to measure children's pedestrian safety knowledge. Knowledge assessments consisting of multiple-choice and short-answer questions were administered pre- and post-curriculum implementation by classroom teachers. Knowledge assessments gauged prekindergarten students' knowledge of pedestrian safety activities prior to safety curriculum implementation and, again, after the students received the curriculum. A total of 605 children (aged 3- to 5-year) from 38 prekindergarten classrooms in 16 randomly selected elementary schools participated in the pedestrian safety education pilot program. Subjects were of multiethnic and diverse backgrounds from the Miami-Dade County Public School District. Of the 605 educated subjects, 454 children completed both pre- and posttests. A statistically significant difference was found between pretest knowledge (M = 5.49, SD = 1.54) and posttest knowledge (M = 6.64, SD = 1.35) assessment scores across all 454 subjects, t(452) = -16.22, p < .001, 95% CI [-1.29, -1.01]. Previous studies have shown that classroom-based training of children as young as 4 years old can yield significant improvements in traffic safety knowledge. The statistical findings of the WalkSafe Pre-Kindergarten Pedestrian Safety Curriculum revealed statistically significant improvements in pedestrian safety knowledge of these young children. Future research efforts will focus on longitudinal behavioral changes in these students and an increase in pedestrian safety behaviors (e.g., utilization of crosswalks or sidewalks).

Teaching traffic safety in Qatari schools: Expectation and reality

Introduction In pursuit of the realization of the Qatar National Vision 2030 (QNV 2030) and to ensure the success of the hosting of the 2022 FIFA World Cup, the Qatari higher authorities have assigned paramount importance to instilling and prorogating traffic awareness among the various community groups and school students. Thus, the establishment of the National Committee for Traffic Safety (NCTS) headed by His Excellency the Prime Minister and Minister of Interior in which the relevant authorities in Qatar have been accomplished. The National Committee for Traffic Safety has prepared a general educational framework for traffic safety program, familiarizing students of all age groups with many of the traffic safety concepts to ensure instilling the needed traffic awareness. This study aims at identifying the effectiveness of the application of the general educational framework of the traffic safety program on experimental basis in some governmental and private schools in Qatar (2015-2013) in preparation to introducing it to all schools in the coming years (if the outcome of the pilot project is proved positive). Study Approach This study will be made as part of the assessment of the implementation of the procedural action plans for teaching traffic safety in Qatar. The study will include conducting a survey among school principals, teachers, parents and students, and measuring the impact of the acquisition of traffic safety knowledge on the students› behavior by examining the school zones and how far the traffic safety measures are applied. It will also follow-up the extra-curricular activities carried out by students outside the classroom. Study Expectations The results of this study are expected to contribute to the enhancement and improvement of the general framework of the proposed educational content before its application on all Qatari schools. As expected in this study, many government and private entities are to be engaged in the preparation of the teaching aids and awareness films to ensure the effective application of the traffic safety concepts on schools. It is also expected that the development of the framework would include the following aspects: preparation of teaching aids, production of awareness films appropriate for each age group and preparation of illustrative pictures and workshops designed to educate teachers before the application of the educational framework. It also aims to improve school zones to enhance traffic safety around schools in accordance with the international safety standards and measures among other improvements.

안전교육 경험과 안전교육 실천에 관한 연구

This study is about safety education experience and practice of parents who are raising preschool children and the study results are as the following. For safety education experience state, parents had experience of safety education and mostly received it through communities, TV, Internet, etc. The most common educational content was the traffic safety education. For safety education practice degree according to number of children, safety education practice was mostly done well with 1~2 children. For safety education practice degree according to family type, safety education practice degree within the family was done most in nuclear families while healthy life habit safety education practice degree was done most in nuclear families and reconstituted families. Also, for traffic safety education practice degree, it was done well in nuclear families. For respiratory disease safety education practice degree, nuclear families and reconstituted families were the highest and for first aid safety education practice degree, single-parent families were the highest. For safety knowledge level of parents, safety knowledge of family was the highest, followed by safety knowledge of respiratory disease, and traffic. For safety education practice degree and safety knowledge according to safety education experience of parents, there was a significant difference in practice degree according to safety education experience of parents and there was also difference in practice knowledge according to experience. There was also education effect in healthy life habit safety knowledge and traffic safety knowledge.

An Experimental Study to assess the effectiveness of the Structured Teaching Programme on Knowledge of Traffic Safety among School Children at Selected Urban Schools in Ludhiana, Punjab

Objectives : 1. To assess the pretest knowledge of Traffic Safety among school children of control and experimental group. 2. To assess the post test knowledge of Traffic Safety among school children of control and experimental group. 3. To compare the pretest and posttest knowledge of Traffic Safety among school children of control and experimental group. 4. To ascertain the relationship of structured teaching on knowledge of Traffic Safety among school children with selected variables such as age, gender, academic standard, father's education, exposure to mass media, type of vehicles use. Material and Method : Experimental approach, true experimental design was used and the study conducted in Sargodha National public senior secondary school, field ganj and Shivalik Vidya Mandir School, Jamalpur.&Shivalik Vidya Mandir School Jamalpur, Ludhiana (Pb.) 64 school children were chosen by Non proportionate stratified random sampling. The data collected through self structured questionnaire. The data was analyzed by descriptive statistics (mean, median&mode)&inferential statistics (Chi square, F test, Correlation of coefficient&t test). Results : The pretest mean knowledge score of experimental group was 19.66 and in post test 31.94 after carrying out the structured teaching programme. On other side control group mean knowledge score of pretest was 19.91&in post test 21.41. Horizontal't' test findings between pre test and post test of experimental group was18.065 is highly significant at the level of P<0.001&vertical't' test value between post tests of control and experimental group was 198.677 also highly significant at the level of P<0.001. it has shown that structured teaching brought valuable change in the knowledge of school children regarding traffic safety. Recommendations: the findings of the study shown that there is need to carry out the interventions to increase the knowledge of school children regarding traffic safety which further will help to reduce the accidents&secure the school children on the roads.

Traffic Safety Knowledge Survey and Difference Analysis for Migrant Workers

In order to conduct traffic safety education for migrant workers efficiently, a questionnaire survey to investigate their knowledge of traffic safety was held in Xinghua City, Jiangsu Province. Their knowledge of traffic safety and education were analyzed by applying statistical methods. The results show that migrant workers have a low level of traffic safety education and a lack of traffic safety knowledge (correct rate 56.57%). Local migrant workers and non-local migrant workers have a significant difference (p-value 0.002) in traffic safety knowledge. There is no significant difference (p-value 0.113) in the traffic safety knowledge between male and female migrant workers. Self-protection skills, common sense of traffic safety and basic knowledge of traffic laws are the contents of traffic safety education which migrant workers mostly required. They also prefer case-wise education with true story and picture-based learning. These results indicate that it is very necessary to conduct traffic safety education for migrant workers. The forms and contents also need to meet migrant workers demand for higher efficiency of traffic safety education.

Effectiveness evaluation of simulative workshops for newly licensed drivers

The current study set to examine the effects of simulator use in driving instruction on newly licensed drivers, comparing the road safety knowledge and reported intended behavior, as well as the actual driving performance of new drivers. Participants consisted of 280 newly licensed driver, of which 140 whose drivers license training included additional simulator-based lessons, and 140 drivers whose training precluded simulator-based lessons. All drivers answered questionnaires pertaining to their intended safe driving behaviors (according to Ajzen's (2000) theory of planned behavior), and to their traffic safety knowledge. Of the initial sample, 40 drivers received actual driving performance evaluation by an expert driving instructor, as well as by in-vehicle data recorders (IVDRs). We assumed that safer drivers report safer driving intentions, demonstrate greater traffic safety knowledge, evaluated as safer drivers by the driving instructor, and display lower and stable driving parameters on the IVDRs. We hypothesized that theoretical driving studies combined with practical training on simulators will elevate the safety level of novices driving. Hierarchical regression analyses on driving intentions indicated that drivers who did not receive simulator-based lessons demonstrated safer driving intentions compared to drivers who received simulator-based lessons. This pattern possibly indicating the drivers who received simulator-based lessons felt more confident in their driving abilities compared to drivers who did not receive simulated training. No significant difference was found in traffic safety knowledge, or in the evaluation of the expert driving instructor. IDVR data comparisons indicated drivers who received simulator-based lessons braked more often and were less prone to headway events, suggesting a more responsive driving style. These findings do not point to any significant advantage or disadvantage of the current simulator-based driving training over other driving training methods.

AN INTERVENTION FOR STUDENTS' BICYCLE INJURY IN MIDDLE SCHOOLS IN RURAL CHINA

BackgroundBicycle riding is an important means of transportation by students in rural areas of China. Little intervention research is available on developing injury prevention strategies.Aims/Objectives/PurposeTo explore effective intervention to reduce...

노인교통안전교육의 효과평가

우리나라의 교통사고건수 및 사망자 수는 감소하고 있으나, 노인 교통사고 사망자 비중은 2001년 19.5%에서 2009년에는 31.3%로 증가하는 추세이다. 본 연구에서는 노인교통안전교육의 효과평가를 분석하여 노인 스스로 교통사고의 위험을 인식하고 안전수칙 등에 대한 지식을 체계적으로 습득하여 실질적인 노인교통사고를 감소시키는 것을 목적으로 하였다. 서울의 경로당과 사회복지관의 노인을 대상으로 교통안전교육을 제공한 후 교육을 진행하는 동안에 노인의 개선된 교통안전지식의 변화된 정도를 살펴보고 이를 통해 노인교통안전교육의 효과를 평가하였다. 효과평가의 신뢰성을 높이기 위해 교육을 받은 실험군과 교육을 받지 않은 대조군으로 구분하여 평가를 진행하였다. 실험군과 대조군을 이용한 효과평가 결과, 교육을 받지 않은 대조군의 경우 사전조사와 비교할 때 사후조사의 값이 2가지 항목을 제외하고는 95% 신뢰수준에서 통계적으로 차이를 보이지 않았다. 즉, 교통안전교육을 제공받지 못한 대조군에서는 교육 전 후의 교통안전행동 점수가 변화되지 않았음을 증명해주는 결과이다. 한편, 실험군의 경우 교육 전 후의 점수를 비교할 때 상당한 증가를 보였으며, 이러한 결과는 통계적으로 차이가 있는 것으로 나타났다. 95% 신뢰수준에서 모든 문항이 유의적인 차이가 있는 것으로 나타났는데, 이는 실험군이 교통안전교육 후 교통안전행동 점수가 모두 상승한 것을 의미하며 결과적으로 교육이 효과적이었음을 입증한다. While the number of crashes and fatalities has decreased for the last few decades, the proportion of elderly-involved crashes has continuously increased from 19.5% in 2001 to 29.6% in 2008. This paper aims to evaluate the effectiveness of traffic safety education to seniors, which has been conducted for the purpose of providing more systematic knowledge such as safety regulations and making the elderly more aware of the risks of crashes, and eventually to reduce elderly-involved crashes. First, we investigated the levels of traffic safety knowledge of the elder people who attend senior community centers and social welfare centers in Seoul and provided traffic safety education. Then, the effectiveness of traffic safety education was evaluated by using the before-and-after analysis. We set up two different groups to improve the reliability of evaluation: one for control group and the other for comparison group. The results showed that the average scores of the control group after education were significantly improved at the 95% significance level compared to the average scores before education, whereas the comparison group did not show a significant differences in the average scores before and after education except for two questions. This indicates that the levels of traffic safety knowledge of the control group have been improved through education and therefore, the safety education seem to be effective to some extent.

Lasting effects of short-term training on preschoolers’ street-crossing behavior

Can short-term training improve preschoolers’ knowledge of road-crossing concepts as well as behavior in a real traffic situation? Forty children, aged four to five years, were assigned to one of four conditions (game, story, song, and control). Each condition participated in four 15-min classroom-based lessons over four weeks. Two assessments measuring knowledge of street-crossing concepts and one assessment measuring behavior on a real street were used to evaluate performance at baseline and one week and six months post-training. Children in all three experimental conditions showed a significant improvement over the control on the two conceptual assessments. Only children in the game condition significantly improved their behavior on the street-crossing assessment. Furthermore, children in all three experimental conditions retained the same levels of improvement at the six-month follow-up. These results demonstrate that one hour of training can create lasting improvements on preschool children's conceptual knowledge of traffic safety and road-crossing behavior on a real street.

SAFETY DIAGNOSTIC METHOD IN URBAN CIRCULAR INTERSECTIONS

The current knowledge of traffic safety in roundabouts is not a complete reference for geometric design; where there are organizational schemes for junctions characterized by a geometric design, quite different driving behaviors are required from those observable at roundabouts. This is often the case in urban areas, where the existing constraints, especially physical ones, render it necessary to make compromise choices relating to 1 or more geometric features of the roundabout. The aim of this study is to explain the accident phenomenology of this kind of road scheme, with reference to the most frequent accidents for the junctions examined in different traffic and risk exposure conditions. The study also aims to verify the effectiveness of risk analysis by means of an infrastructural scenarios method, devised in prior research by the author. To deduce the contribution of the accident-causing factors to each type of accident and evaluate the relative contribution in determining the level of risk for various scenarios, the risk model is checked considering specific accident classes. Results confirm applicability of the risk evaluation method to urban road schemes, characterized by certain geometric features; moreover, in terms of the highest interest to road designers, they provide useful elements for evaluating effects of deviations from design rules on urban road safety.