Staff Knowledge Research Articles

Comparative study of hypertension, diabetes, dementia and smoking in military veterans and non-veterans: a quantitative study using primary healthcare data

IntroductionPrimary healthcare (PHC) patient medical records contain Systematised Nomenclature of Medicine-Clinical Terms (SNOMED-CT) that include information regarding diagnosis, demographics and veterans’ status. This study intended to identify, analyse and compare...

Analysis of Infection Prevention Control Management of Central Sterile Supply Department (CSSD) Staff

Background: The Central Sterilization Supply Department’s (CSSD) main function is to clean, disinfect and provide sterile items for subsequent use by healthcare professionals in various hospital departments, including the ambulance. Materials and Methods: A survey of infection prevention control (IPC) knowledge, practice, and infrastructure adherence was conducted in a selected government super-speciality hospital's central sterilisation supply department (CSSD). The data were analysed, and a report with recommendations was presented to the institution's head. Results: The overall response showed good knowledge and practices with hospital environmental adherence to infection prevention control protocol with few infrastructure modifications facilitating the unidirectional flow pattern. Conclusion: This study was able to bring insights into the staff knowledge and practice towards IPC adherence

Assessing the Knowledge of Radiology Staff on the Impact of Radiation Exposure and the Importance of Shielding for Patient Protection in Saudi Arabia

Assessing the Knowledge of Radiology Staff on the Impact of Radiation Exposure and the Importance of Shielding for Patient Protection in Saudi Arabia

Piloting Implementation Design and Preliminary Readiness for Universal Suicide Risk Screening Program in Emergency Department of a Tertiary Care Centre, Nepal: A Mixed Method Study

Introduction: Nearly three quarters of the suicides occur in developing world, however few evidenced-based health systems strategies exist to detect and prevent suicide in these contexts. This pilot study evaluates the feasibility of implementing a universal suicide risk screening program in a Nepalese emergency department. Methods: This study reports the preliminary training phases of a pilot implementation trial in the emergency department to evaluate the program. The approval was obtained from the Nepal Health Research Council (Approval no. 447/2021 P), and the Kathmandu University School of Medical Sciences Institutional Ethical Review Board (Approval no. 237/2021) and Yale University IRB (Protocol ID 2000029480). Implementation assessments included suicide screening acceptability, appropriateness, confidence, system priority, and myth knowledge of staff. Implementation strategies were selected, decolonized, and preliminarily trained followed by phased supportive coaching to initiate the screening package. We designed the implementation package through co-design staff focus groups and embedded ethnography. Results: Co-design focus groups (n=8) occurred with staff and leadership. We trained 26 (76.47%) the staff on the Nepali suicide screening tool followed by supported phased initial screening over two months. Implementation assessments demonstrated increased scores on appropriateness, confidence, system priority, and myth knowledge. The implementation package included key strategies to be deployed over six months. The embedded ethnographic observations revealed barriers to effective implementation, such as anticipated stigma, reluctance to engage families, and distrust in referral processes.Conclusions: The pilot study demonstrated that training improves staff appropriateness, confidence, system priority, and myth knowledge. Despite initial barriers, co-designed strategies and phased coaching facilitates screening uptake, highlighting the program's potential for sustainable implementation.

School-Based Health Centers Addressing Health Equity for LGBTQ + Patients (SBHCs HELP): protocol for a stepped-wedge trial to implement innovations promoting structural competency

BackgroundSchool-based health centers (SBHCs) provide vital behavioral, sexual, and reproductive healthcare services to school-aged youth across the United States. Adolescents who are sexual and gender diverse (SGD) are far more likely to suffer from adverse health outcomes than their cisgender and heterosexual peers. Emerging structural competency frameworks call for cultivating capacities in SBHCs to modify organizational service delivery environments, including provider and staff knowledge and behaviors, to influence SGD adolescent well-being. Nationally recognized guidelines for nurturing structural competency include (1) adopting, disseminating, and adhering to SGD supportive policies and procedures; (2) creating welcoming physical environments; (3) systematically documenting and using sexual orientation and gender identity information in clinical care; (4) training all employees in best practices for interacting with SGD patients; and (5) developing the clinical workforce to deliver high-quality services to SGD patients. This community-engaged study will test the effectiveness of the Dynamic Adaptation Process (DAP) in implementing these guidelines in SBHCs in culturally and geographically diverse areas of New Mexico.MethodsWe will conduct mixed-method readiness assessments to identify inner- and outer-context determinants affecting the implementation of structurally competent changes in SBHCs; employ a stepped-wedge trial to examine how the DAP-enabled implementation impacts adoption and changes in SBHC, student (patient), and implementation outcomes; and investigate inner- and outer-context determinants, bridging factors, and associated mediators and moderators influencing implementation processes and outcomes related to guideline adoption and SGD student care (e.g., reduced barriers, greater satisfaction and engagement).DiscussionThis study addresses the long-term goal of high-quality care and decreased health disparities for SGD youth. As investments in SBHCs rise nationwide, opportunities to enhance services for SGD youth will also grow. This study will demonstrate the usefulness of a multifaceted implementation strategy, the DAP, in helping SBHCs build structural competency to serve a sizeable population of students affected by stigmatization, discrimination, and other social forces that create inequities in health. Accordingly, we will advance a model featuring a set of implementation strategies to reduce knowledge and practice gaps, create welcoming environments, and improve the quality of care for SGD youth.Trial registrationISRCTN13844475; 20 September 2024.

Exploring patients' perspectives on healthcare service quality in outpatient settings at a public hospital in Palembang, Indonesia: A qualitative study.

In recent decades, the service sector has become a crucial driver of economic growth globally. However, research highlights the need for implementing a patient-centered design in hospital services and notes the limited literature on patient perceptions of healthcare service quality in Indonesia. This study aimed to explore patients' perceptions of healthcare service quality in outpatient settings at a public hospital in Palembang, Indonesia. The study employed a qualitative descriptive design, conducting face-to-face, in-depth interviews with 50 outpatients (ages ranging from 34 to 56 years) between October and November 2023. Purposive sampling was used to recruit participants, and thematic analysis was utilized for data analysis. The following themes emerged regarding patient perspectives on healthcare service quality: patients' perceived service quality, perceived value, satisfaction, and revisit intention. Factors influencing patient perceptions included the appearance of hospital staff, the quality of facilities and equipment, staff responsiveness, knowledge, courtesy, and empathy. Additionally, word-of-mouth significantly impacted patients' perceived value of care. Emotional factors, complaints, and trust were found to be crucial in shaping patient satisfaction, while the patient-provider relationship played a significant role in influencing revisit intention. The research emphasizes the critical role of building strong patient-provider relationships to enhance overall service quality. It highlights the need for healthcare providers and nurses to focus on improving patient engagement and understanding how perceived service quality affects patient loyalty. Strengthening these areas is essential for advancing comfort, safety, and the overall quality of healthcare services.

Governance Improvement of Cooperative: The Case of KUD Selikur Makmur Jambi

The failure of organizations to implement governance effectively allows for various problems, including fraud, that have the potential to bring the organization to destruction. One case of ineffective cooperative governance occurred at KUD Selikur Makmur located in South Bahar District, Muaro Jambi Regency, Jambi Province. The purpose of this community service is to assist KUD Selikur Makmur in improving its governance and financial management. The Plan Do Check Act (PDCA) method, which is divided into three stages-preparation, implementation, and evaluation-was used to carry out the activities. This community service activity resulted in a governance model for KUD Selikur Makmur and improved the knowledge and skills of financial staff in carrying out their activities.

Embedding rehabilitation into cancer care continuum: an implementation study.

To implement and evaluate a rehabilitation-inclusive service delivery model at a tertiary cancer hospital. The "Rehab-Toolkit", a structured assessment tool comprising validated functional measures, was introduced in an inpatient cancer service. Consecutive inpatients were enrolled, and a Reach, Effectiveness, Adoption, Implementation, and Maintenance framework guided the analysis of barriers and facilitators for subacute care at clinic and system levels. The implementation of the Rehab-Toolkit was incorporated into routine inpatient care. Major pre-implementation barriers included: absence of routine standardized functional assessment tools, limited coordination amongst acute and subacute care providers, low awareness of rehabilitation medicine amongst patients and professionals, and insufficient engagement of subacute care with interdisciplinary stakeholders in clinical decision-making. Following the intervention, there was a notable increase in awareness and the contributory role of subacute rehabilitation services, rehabilitation "needs" assessment, and referral pathways. Recommendations for process change included: development of clinical pathways, establishment of subacute referral systems and discharge coordinator roles, inclusion of subacute rehabilitation services in acute interdisciplinary team meetings, enhanced staff education and knowledge. Integration of rehabilitation services into cancer care can proactively manage functional morbidity. While the implementation process proved feasible and effective, robust process evalu-ation and longer term follow-up are necessary for sustained success.

Inclusive Public Libraries: How to Adequately Identify Accessibility Barriers?

Inclusive library services rely on accessible buildings and services, and knowledgeable staff. This study explored whether a standard accessibility evaluation of physical library buildings is sufficient to reveal barriers that must be attended to for the library to be universally designed. Data was collected through a survey, two accessibility evaluations, and interviews with staff in the evaluated libraries. The findings show that evaluations based upon technical requirements for construction work is useful to identify barriers related to access and safety in the library and certain conditions inside, such as staircases and lightning. However, there is a need for library specific guidelines addressing the organization and presentation of the collection, signage, and to understand what users need to be self sufficient in the library when it is open outside opening hours and no staff is present.

The development, implementation, and evaluation of a pre-rotation quiz to improve resident preparedness for an abdominal wall reconstruction surgical rotation.

Although hernia repair constitutes a significant portion of surgical training, education around more complex hernia concepts such as abdominal wall reconstruction (AWR) or paraesophageal hernia repair may be lacking. We developed and implemented a pre-rotation quiz for residents on an AWR and minimally invasive surgery service. We also investigated the staff and resident perception of resident knowledge and experience of the rotation before and after quiz implementation. The multiple-choice quiz questions were written by clinical and research fellows, validated by four staff, two fellows, and two senior residents and implemented in June 2023. Questions assessed knowledge of anatomy, operative steps, mesh materials, clinical trials, and postoperative management specific to ventral, inguinal, and paraesophageal hernia repairs. Residents were notified of the summative quiz three weeks prior and provided with reference materials specific to quiz questions. Anonymous Likert-type surveys were distributed to staff and residents between 3/2023 and 3/2024. Responses were assessed based on the overall score as well as individual domains and then compared based on whether they were completed before or after implementation of the quiz. 17 seniors and 29 juniors rotated on service and all completed the pre-rotation quiz between 7/1/2023-3/4/2024. The mean first attempt score was 72%(± 12.4%) for junior residents and 88.4%(± 9.6%) for senior residents. Staff reported overall resident knowledge improved after quiz implementation (maximum 90, mean(SD): 46.25(± 8.58) vs. 75.5(± 11.24),p = 0.05). Sixteen(45.7%) residents responded to the survey before quiz implementation and 23(50%) after. Residents only reported improved knowledge regarding current literature (maximum 5, mean(SD):3.2 ± 0.98 vs. 3.8 ± 0.78,p = 0.04). Implementing a pre-rotation quiz effectively improves staff perception of resident knowledge and preparation.

A study to evaluate the effectiveness of multidisciplinary educational approach on knowledge regarding code blue protocol management among nurses working at hospital, Koppal District

Code Blue is a unique commonly code used to sound code group for waning or cardiac arrest clients in hospital. Code blue is usually used to instruct a patient demanding restoration or in necessity of rapid medical attention, most frequently as the consequence of a respiratory or cardiac halt. Each hospital as an amount of its policies, sets a strategy to recognize which unit deals staffs of code blue attention. It is paramount for every trained nurse to have a satisfactory knowledge concerning the code blue procedure or protocol to lessen the mortality ratio particularly in critical care units. was to assess the multidisciplinary educational method on Code Blue protocol management amongst nurses employed at hospital. In this study pre-experimental one group pre-test post-test design was used. Total of 60 subjects were selected by using non-randomized convenient sampling technique. Knowledge questionnaire regarding Code Blue protocol management was used to assess the knowledge of staff nurses.: The data were collected and analyzed by using descriptive and inferential statistics. The study result demonstrates that the knowledge before intervention was, 72% (43) of the nurses were come under poor level of knowledge, 23% (14) were represent under average level of knowledge and the minimum 5% (03) were goes under good knowledge level. Whereas after teaching, 85% (51) of the nurses were had good knowledge level, 12% (07) were got an average level of knowledge and simply 3% (02) nurses had poor knowledge. In case of association between the selected sociodemographic variables such as age, gender, educational qualification, area of working in the hospital, cadre of nurse and Mean Pre-intervention knowledge found to be non-significant at 0.05 level. Whereas in another category, i.e. in experience in nursing service found to be significant at 0.05 level, (chi-square=11.05) (p=0.025).

Knowledge, attitude and practice of pediatric healthcare staff towards the therapy for patients with congenital heart disease

BackgroundThis study aimed to investigate the knowledge, attitude and practice (KAP) of pediatric healthcare staff towards the therapy for patients with congenital heart disease (CHD). CHD is a major global health concern, posing significant risks to health and life despite advancements in early detection and treatment.MethodsThis web-based cross-sectional study was conducted from May 04, 2023 to August 12, 2023 in the Bengbu area (three counties and one city) for pediatric healthcare staff. Correlations between knowledge, attitude and practice scores were evaluated by Pearson correlation analysis. Factors associated with knowledge, attitude and practice scores were identified by multivariate logistic regression.ResultsA total of 332 valid questionnaires were enrolled, including 258 (77.7%) females, and 161 (48.5%) were pediatrician. The median (25% quartile, 75% quintile) of knowledge, attitude, and practice scores were 38 (36, 40) (possible range: 10—49), 28 (27, 31) (possible range: 7—35), and 35 (32, 39) (possible range: 9—45), respectively. Correlation analysis showed that significant positive correlations were found between knowledge and attitude (r = 0.528, P < 0.001), as well as practice (r = 0.399, P < 0.001). Meanwhile, there were also correlations between attitudes and practice (r = 0.528, P < 0.001). Univariate logistic regression showed that treated more than 100 children with congenital heart disease annually (OR = 2.976, 95% CI: 1.405, 6.303, P = 0.004) was independently associated with knowledge. Female (OR = 0.470, 95% CI: 0.277, 0.797, P = 0.005) and with more than 5 years of work experience (OR = 0.507, 95% CI: 0.262, 0.982, P = 0.044) were independently associated with attitude. Female (OR = 0.584, 95% CI: 0.343, 0.994, P = 0.048) and treated more than 100 children with congenital heart disease annually (OR = 3.743, 95% CI: 1.702, 8.232, P = 0.001) were independently associated with practice.ConclusionPediatric healthcare staff had sufficient knowledge, positive attitude and proactive practice towards the therapy for patients with congenital heart disease. To improve clinical practice, prioritize training programs to build knowledge and positive attitudes among healthcare staff, encourage hands-on experience with CHD cases, and promote mentorship by experienced professionals for a collaborative work environment and better care.

Effects of establishing infection control program with core components of World Health Organization on reducing the risk of residents’ infections and improving staff infection control competency in a nursing home

BackgroundNursing homes (NHs) are high-risk facilities with limited infection control resources and residents susceptible to infectious diseases. The evidence regarding World Health Organization (WHO) core components in NHs is lacking. This study evaluates the effectiveness of establishing an infection prevention and control (IPC) program with WHO’s core components in an NH.MethodsThe IPC program, encompassing evidence-based guidelines, education and training, surveillance, multimodal strategies, monitoring and feedback, workload and staffing considerations, and the built environment, was implemented in a 130-bed NH for one year. The effects were assessed based on the number of infections among residents, the level of knowledge, and the performance of infection control among staff. The risk of infection was analyzed across three phases: pre-implementation phase, implementation phase (6 and 12 months after intervention initiation), and sustainability phase (3, 6, and 12 months after intervention was finished). Staff data were analyzed before and after the intervention.ResultsAnalysis of 18,124 resident-days revealed that during the sustainability phase, the risk of respiratory tract infection was significantly lower than before intervention implementation (odds ratio [OR] 0.51, 95% CI 0.30–0.86, p = 0.012). Moreover, a significant improvement was observed in staff knowledge (p = 0.002) and performance (p < 0.001) after the intervention compared to before.ConclusionsWHO’s core components may have a potential effect on reducing healthcare-associated infections among residents and enhancing the infection control competency of staff in the NH with limited IPC resources.

Addressing tobacco screening and treatment among racially and ethnically minoritized parents in pediatric clinics: barriers and facilitators.

Household secondhand smoke (SHS) exposure remains a significant health issue for racially and ethnically minoritized children in the United States. Delivering parental tobacco treatment during pediatric primary care visits can reduce children's SHS exposure. This study examined current tobacco screening practices and health system stakeholder perceptions of facilitators and barriers to addressing tobacco use during pediatric visits among racially and ethnically minoritized parents. We conducted 25 semi-structured interviews with clinicians, staff, and health system leaders from 5 pediatric primary care clinics in Minneapolis-St. Paul, Minnesota. The study was informed by the Health Equity Implementation Framework. Interviews were analyzed using both directed content and thematic analysis. Participants identified multilevel facilitators and barriers to addressing parental tobacco use in minoritized families. Within the clinical encounter, barriers included linguistic and cultural barriers, health system navigational challenges, medical mistrust, low levels of clinician and staff knowledge, skills, and confidence, time constraints, and lack of alignment with external metrics. Facilitators centered on leveraging interpreters' cultural knowledge and the presence of culturally-congruent clinicians and staff to reduce medical mistrust and stigma, developing linguistically and culturally relevant resources, and integrating prompts and resources into the electronic health record. Participants described how lessons from previous system change mechanisms would facilitate this work. Addressing health system, training and resources, and linguistic and cultural barriers among clinicians and staff is essential to strengthen their capacity to address household SHS exposure among racially and ethnically minoritized populations as a component of pediatric preventive care. Clinicians and health system staff perceive unique barriers to identifying and addressing parental tobacco use among racially and ethnically minoritized parents during pediatric primary care visits. Solutions to expand tobacco treatment access to minoritized parents in pediatric settings must attend to clinician training needs on tobacco treatment, embedding clinical encounter resources and reminders that match the linguistic and cultural needs and preferences of their patient populations, and increasing access to high quality interpreting services and culturally-congruent staff.

Evaluation of the Staff Educational Components of the PROMOTE Program to Improve Resident Hydration.

Inadequate fluid intake is prevalent among older adults living in care settings and can lead to dehydration-related events such as falls and hospitalization. Staff knowledge and confidence using diverse strategies is needed to provide adequate hydration to residents. PROMOTE is a multicomponent intervention designed to support staff to increase resident fluid intake between meals. This study evaluated the educational components of PROMOTE. Participants (n = 87) working in long-term care or retirement homes completed an online pre-/post-test evaluation of a 7 min educational video. Key informant participants (n = 13) reviewed all educational materials, evaluated their usefulness and feasibility, and were interviewed to identify how to improve the materials. The educational video improved knowledge (e.g., self-rating of knowledge pre-test median 8, standard error of the mean (SEM) 0.18; post-test median 9, SEM 0.13) and confidence. Participants intended to use PROMOTE strategies in their work with residents (1 [very likely] to 10 [very unlikely] median 2.0 SEM 0.27). Key informants rated the hydration of residents as an organizational priority (median 9.0 SEM 0.42) and all indicated that they would use the educational video in their future training. Less feasible educational components as rated by key informants included huddle discussions and email pushes. Posters were seen as feasible (54%) but only somewhat useful (77%). Brief educational videos can improve staff knowledge and confidence regarding providing adequate hydration to residents. Having several educational components that can be used with this video was viewed positively. Recommendations were made to improve the materials.

Study of Knowledge, Attitudes and Practices of Family Planning: Case of Female Staff of the Communal Medical Center (CMC) of Flamboyants, Conakry, Guinea

&amp;lt;i&amp;gt;Introduction:&amp;lt;/i&amp;gt; The aim was to assess the knowledge, attitudes and practices of female staff on family planning at the Flamboyants Communal Medical Center. &amp;lt;i&amp;gt;Methods:&amp;lt;/i&amp;gt; This was a 3-month cross-sectional, prospective, descriptive and analytical study involving women (doctors, midwives, laboratory technicians and nurses) working at the Flamboyants CMC and agreeing to participate in the study. &amp;lt;i&amp;gt;Results:&amp;lt;/i&amp;gt; The contraceptive prevalence was 61.9%. All respondents were aware of FP (100%). The most commonly cited contraceptive methods were: the intrauterine device (IUD) at 85.7%, the Jadelle implant (79.4%) and the contraceptive pill (68.3%). More than 8 out of 10 respondents (81.0%) were in favor of using family planning. Most of the respondents, 74.5%, discussed family planning with their spouses and 70.2% of the spouses were in favor of FP. The most frequently used method was the pill (59.0%). The factors associated with the use of FP were: dialogue with the spouse on contraception (p = 0.018), marriage (p = 0.012) and good attitude of the spouse towards FP (p = 0.000). &amp;lt;i&amp;gt;Conclusion:&amp;lt;/i&amp;gt; Improving this prevalence would require the involvement of spouses and midwives during counseling during antenatal and postpartum follow-up.

“Don't push!” experiences of obstetric violence in U.S. hospital settings

Obstetric violence is the institutional and interpersonal violation of women's rights during pregnancy, childbirth, and the postpartum period. Amid increasing recognition of the prevalence and consequences of obstetric violence, there has been growing attention to its cultural, organizational, and institutional features. In this article, I demonstrate how obstetric violence is a form of epistemic and structural violence that unfolds through interpersonal interactions, the organization of labor in medicalized birth, and institutional features of the hospital and obstetric environment. I draw on thirty in-depth interviews with women who recently gave birth in the Midwest, United States to understand how the authoritative knowledge of medical staff epistemically marginalizes pregnant and birthing women's embodied knowledge and how organizational and institutional features of the medicalized hospital environment facilitate obstetric violence. These findings contribute to our understanding of how less recognized and normalized forms of violence shape women's pregnancy and birthing experience, even for those with a high degree of intersectional privilege. I argue for increased person-centered childbirth guidelines that center embodied experiences and address features of the medicalized obstetric care environment that are not sufficiently evidence-based nor facilitate better outcomes for birthing people.

Knowledge, attitudes and practices of the healthcare staff and students about disposal of unwanted medications: a systematic review

Abstract Introduction Improper disposal of medications poses a significant environmental risk on the ecosystems and human beings1. When medicines are discarded by flushing them down the toilet or throwing them in the household trash, their active components may leak into the water supply2. Aim This systematic review seeks to compile studies that examine healthcare professionals' and students' knowledge, attitudes, and practices (KAP) regarding medication disposal. It also aims to explore recommendations and barriers related to appropriate medication disposal. Methods A systematic review was conducted by adhering to guidelines outlined in Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analyses 2020 and the Joanna Briggs Institute. The primary outcome is to measure the levels of the healthcare staff and students' knowledge, as well as their attitudes, and practices about disposal of unwanted medications. Authors included qualitative, quantitative, and mixed-method primary research studies. Participants included pharmacists, doctors, nurses, and both undergraduate and postgraduate medical, pharmacy, and nursing students due to their significant involvement with medication and its disposal in healthcare settings. Data extraction was conducted by four of the researchers independently. The study details were categorised into three main domains i.e., knowledge, attitude, and practice using the KAP model. Other relevant information was also extracted, thematically, such as challenges and recommendations. Ethical approval was not required as this systematic review used previously published data. Results 37 studies from 18 countries (21 from Asia, 7 from the US, 5 from Africa, and 2 each from the EU and South America) met the inclusion criteria. 86.5% (n=32) investigated participants' knowledge of medication disposal. Although there is a good level of awareness about the environmental impacts, there are significant gaps in knowledge regarding correct disposal methods, available services, guidelines, and training. 30 studies explored participants' attitudes toward medication disposal. The results indicate a generally positive attitude towards the need for environmentally safe disposal practices. 35 studies evaluated participants' practices in relation to medication disposal. Although there was generally a positive attitude and some understanding of appropriate disposal methods, majority of the participants do not follow the practice guidelines, especially outside healthcare settings. This inconsistency may be due to numerous factors such as inadequate practical training, limited resources, or unclear guidelines. Discussion/ Conclusion Overall, it was found that while healthcare staff and students have fair knowledge and positive attitudes toward medicine disposal, their actual practices are lacking. One significant challenge identified is the limited awareness about proper disposal methods coupled with a lack of established services or guidelines in many regions. Even in cases where take-back programs are available, they often face issues with accessibility. To tackle these challenges, it is suggested by the studies that governmental bodies should establish and enforce clear policies on medication disposal while also expanding educational initiatives to increase understanding among healthcare professionals and students about appropriate disposal methods. Furthermore, improving access to take-back programs is crucial for ensuring safe medication disposal and minimising potential environmental and health hazards.

Nursing practice of guidelines for prevention and control of vascular Catheter-Related bloodstream infections.

To apply the Ottawa Model of Research Use to translate the Guidelines for the Prevention and Control of Vascular Catheter-Associated Bloodstream Infections. The Ottawa model of research use is used to provide a framework and guidance. This study was organized by the Nursing Department of the Affiliated Hospital of Hebei Engineering University, and the Intravenous Therapy Group was responsible for the implementation of the study. The hospital's intravenous therapy administrators, members of the sedation team, and specialist nurses will be organized to evaluate the importance, exactness, and clinical practicability of 34 entries. Twelve clinical departments and IV therapy clinics with a high number of central venous catheters were used as sites for translating evidence from this project. The evidence-based team assessed the practice environment, potential practitioners, and clinical status of clinical translation of evidence through symposia, review of relevant systems, operational procedures, on-site inspections, and questionnaires. They compare evidence with existing processes and decide on change strategies. Before and after the application of the evidence, there was a significant increase in the knowledge, belief, and behavior of healthcare workers on CLABSI prevention and control, especially in the acquisition of related knowledge (χ2 = 26.648 p < 0.001). The associated implementation rate was also significantly improved, with a significant decrease in CLABSI incidence from 0.29 per 1000 to 0.11 per 1000 (χ2 = 8.625 p = 0.004). The assessment of the integration of issues showed that 8 aspects, including workflow, knowledge mastery, monitoring reports, and aseptic operations, do not meet the qualified standards. Through this clinical change, a perfect prevention and control system has been established, and the level of knowledge, belief, and behavior of medical staff in preventing CLABSI has been improved, while the incidence of CLABSI has been reduced.

Efectos de una intervención integral en escuelas de primaria para proteger a la infancia frente a la violencia: un estudio cuasi-experimental

Considering that one in two children is estimated to have experienced violence in the last year according to the World Health Organization, the school has an undeniable and unique protective and preventive role. #EscuelaSinViolencias is the first programme to comprehensively target violence against children in the context of primary school in Spain through the solid theoretical approach of Developmental Victimology. The objective of this study was to assess its impact on the children's psychological, family and school well-being and their knowledge of Children's Rights and violence in 971 girls and boys from third to sixth grade. It also tests school staff's knowledge, preparedness to detect and respond to possible cases of violence and perception of the family and school environment as protective in 110 participants. A pre-post design with a control group was used. Repeated measures analysis of variance (ANOVA) and generalized linear mixed models (GLMM) were conducted. A significant increase in school well-being among students in experimental schools compared to control schools was found, as well as increased knowledge of Children's Rights and access to report. School staff from experimental schools reported significant increases in knowledge of violence against children and in preparedness to deal with potential cases. At the same time, their perception of the family and school environments as protective decreased slightly but significantly. This programme is the first to address violence in a comprehensive manner with an empirical study that validates its positive impact for the integral protection of children.