Knowledge Of Maternal Health Research Articles

Enhancing Obstetric Healthcare Providers’ Knowledge of Black Maternal Mental Health: A Feasibility Study

Despite guidelines for screening and treating perinatal mood and anxiety disorders (PMADs), systemic issues and clinician biases often result in unmet mental health needs in Black women. This study assessed the feasibility and impact of comprehensive PMAD training on obstetric healthcare providers’ attitudes, knowledge, and implicit racial biases. We conducted a feasibility study with two cohorts of healthcare providers who received either in-person or virtual training. The training focused on PMADs, implicit bias, and culturally responsive care. Participants completed pre- and post-training assessments measuring attitudes, knowledge, empathy, and implicit racial biases. Both training modalities showed trends towards improved PMAD screening attitudes and empathy, with significant increases in beliefs about treatment efficacy. Implicit bias scores approached significance, showing a shift toward fewer participants with racial preferences. However, there was an unexplained increase in preference for White over Black post training. The training improved healthcare providers’ readiness to screen for PMADs and enhanced their understanding of PMADs. However, the persistence of implicit biases highlights the need for ongoing, sustained interventions to address deeply rooted biases. Future research should incorporate continuous learning strategies and link training to healthcare outcomes for minoritized communities.

Understanding health education needs of pregnant women in China during public health emergencies: a qualitative study amidst the COVID-19 pandemic.

Public health emergencies impose unique challenges on pregnant women, affecting their physiological, psychological, and social wellbeing. This study, focusing on the context of the corona virus disease in 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic in China, aims to comprehensively explore the experiences of pregnant women amidst diverse public health crises. Herein, we investigate the health education needs of pregnant Chinese women in regard to public health emergencies to provide a scientific foundation for the development of targeted health education strategies. The study described in this article aims to explore the health education needs of pregnant Chinese women in the context of public health emergencies specifying the types of emergencies of pandemics and to provide a scientific basis for targeted health education interventions. Thirteen pregnant women were purposively selected, and the rationale for this sample size lies in the qualitative nature of the study, seeking in-depth insights rather than generalizability. Data collection involved semi-structured interviews, and the Colaizzi, which is a structured qualitative technique used to extract, interpret, and organize significant statements from participant descriptions into themes, providing a comprehensive understanding of their lived experiences. The analysis yielded six prominent themes encompassing the following areas: I. Personal protection and vaccine safety; II. Knowledge of maternal health; III. Knowledge of fetal health; IV. Knowledge of childbirth; V. Knowledge of postpartum recovery; and VI. Knowledge sources of health education for pregnant women and their expectations of healthcare providers. Theme I was analyzed with two sub-themes (needs for personal protection knowledge, vaccine safety knowledge needs); Theme II was analyzed with three sub-themes (nutrition and diet, exercise and rest, sexual life); Theme III was analyzed with three sub-themes (medications and hazardous substances, pregnancy check-ups, and fetal movement monitoring); Theme IV was analyzed with three sub-themes (family accompaniment, analgesia in childbirth, and choice of mode of delivery); Theme V was analyzed with one sub-theme (knowledge of postnatal recovery); Theme VI was analyzed with one sub-theme (expectations of Healthcare providers). Sub-themes within each main theme were identified, offering a nuanced understanding of the multifaceted challenges faced by pregnant women during public health emergencies. The interrelation between sub-themes and main themes contributes to a holistic portrayal of their experiences. The study emphasizes the need for healthcare professionals to tailor health education for pregnant women during emergencies, highlighting the role of the Internet in improving information dissemination. It recommends actionable strategies for effective health communication, ensuring these women receive comprehensive support through digital platforms for better health outcomes during public health crises.

Knowledge and practice of health workers towards maternal and child health in the Democratic Republic of the Congo: a cross-sectional study

BackgroundThe burden of maternal and child mortality is high in the Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC). While health workers (HWs) with adequate knowledge and practice of maternal and child health (MCH) are crucial to reduce this burden, the skill level of HWs in charge of MCH in the DRC is currently insufficient. This study aimed to assess the knowledge and practice of HWs towards MCH in Kasai and Maniema, two DRC provinces with very high maternal mortality ratios and under-5 mortality rates.MethodsThis cross-sectional study was conducted in 96 health facilities of Kasai and Maniema provinces in 2019. All HWs in charge of MCH were eligible for the study. Data were collected using a structured questionnaire containing 76 questions on knowledge and practice of MCH. Analyses were performed using the Wilcoxon-Mann-Whitney test, Kendall’s correlation test, and a multivariate linear mixed regression model.ResultsAmong participating HWs, 42.6% were A2 nurses (lowest qualification), 81.9% had no up-to-date training in MCH, and 48.4% had only 1-5 years of experience in MCH. In the two provinces combined, about half of HWs had poor knowledge (50.6%) and poor practice (53.3%) of MCH. Knowledge and practice scores were higher in Maniema than in Kasai (P < 0.001). Good knowledge and practice scores were significantly associated with high qualification (P = 0.001), continuing up-to-date training in MCH (P = 0.009), and 6 years of experience or more in MCH (P = 0.01).ConclusionIn Maniema and Kasai provinces, about half of HWs had poor knowledge and poor practice of MCH. The conversion of A1 nurses into midwives as well as the provision of up-to-date training in MCH, supervision, and mentorship could improve the skill level of HWs and could thus reduce the burden of MCH in the DRC.

Influence of Broadcast Media Messages on the Knowledge, Attitude and Practice of Maternal and Child Health among Reproductive-age Women in South-East Nigeria

Influence of Broadcast Media Messages on the Knowledge, Attitude and Practice of Maternal and Child Health among Reproductive-age Women in South-East Nigeria

Maternal health literacy and postpartum complication readiness among nursing mothers: Implications for adult literacy educators in Southern Cross River State, Nigeria

This study assessed maternal health literacy and postpartum complication readiness among nursing mothers and identify the implications for adult literacy educators in the Southern Cross River State, Nigeria. This cross-sectional study was conducted with 252 nursing mothers using a structured questionnaire. Data were analysed using descriptive statistics, one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) and independent sample t-test. The results showed that with an average mean of 2.2, the participants’ level of maternal health literacy was moderate, while the average mean was 2.1 equally indicates that the level of postpartum complication readiness among respondents was equally moderate. The respondents’ education level, household income, and mode of delivery were not significantly associated with health literacy and postpartum complication readiness. Specifically, nursing mothers with higher levels of education and household income were not likely to have adequate health literacy and better postpartum complication readiness than others. The study’s results also indicate that adult literacy educators play a crucial role in improving maternal health literacy levels among nursing mothers. These educators can provide effective health education to nursing mothers to enhance their knowledge of maternal health and postpartum complications. This study highlights the need for adult literacy educators to incorporate maternal health literacy and postpartum complication readiness into their programs. This can be achieved by developing tailored health literacy materials and using interactive teaching methods that promote active participation and discussion among learners. Moreover, community-based interventions targeting vulnerable populations such as low-income mothers and those with limited education are needed to improve maternal health outcomes in Nigeria.

ANALYSIS OF FACTORS RELATED TO ANTENATAL CARE VISITS (ANC) IN THE TIME OF THE PANDEMIC COVID-19 IN THE WORKING AREA OF THE MELONG ASIH PUSKESMAS, CIMAHI CITY YEAR 2022

Introduction. The pandemic conditions mean that the implementation of Antenatal care (ANC) requires time management, ANC is carried out with limited visits and is carried out more through online telecommunication and studying MCH books. ANC examinations during the pandemic must still be carried out by implementing health protocols. Factors related to ANC visits include family support, support from health workers and knowledge. Pregnancy examinations are carried out according to the 10T examination service standard of care. This research was to determine the analysis of factors related to ANC visits during the Covid-19 pandemic in the Melong Asih Health Center working area, Cimahi City. Methods. This research uses a cross sectional approach . The sampling technique in research is a Non Probability Sampling technique in the form of Accidental Sampling as many as 88 respondents. Data were collected using a family support questionnaire , the role of health workers, knowledge and observation of maternal and child health (KIA) books . Data were analyzed univariately and bivariately using the Chi-Square test. Results and Analysis. Statistical test results were obtained from 3 ANC visit factors There is only 1 factor that has a relationship, namely between family support and ANC visits with a value of p = 0.036 &lt; α = 0.05. Discussions. The results of this research can be used as evaluation or policy material by the community health center to update data on pregnant women in the working area of the Melong Asih Community Health Center, Cimahi City.

Analisis Mutu Pelayanan KIA Melalui Peran Kader di Posyandu Mawar Desa Tuntungan I Medan

Currently, there are still many maternal and child health problems, especially for vulnerable groups, such as groups of pregnant women, breastfeeding, postpartum women and newborns. This is a priority for the government, where the progress of a country is also calculated from the health of mothers and children. A healthy mother will give birth to the next generation of a healthy and productive nation. This study aims to analyze the quality of health services through the role of cadres on maternal and child health at Posyandu Mawar, Tuntungan I Village, Medan, North Sumatra. The method used in this study is descriptive qualitative, which describes the data that has been obtained and uses interview techniques and compares with theories in previous studies obtained from the Google Scholar database. In this study, the results showed that there were 3 roles of cadres in improving maternal and child health, namely socialization, counseling and assistance. The role of cadres in the village has been running smoothly, but researchers found obstacles experienced by cadres in improving the welfare and health of mothers and children. This is due to the lack of community participation in posyandu activities in the village. Thus, more in-depth socialization or counseling is needed so that people's interest can increase and increase their knowledge of maternal and child health.

Racial disparities in EEG research and their implications for our understanding of the maternal brain.

Racial disparities in maternal health are alarming and persistent. Use of electroencephalography (EEG) and event-related potentials (ERPs) to understand the maternal brain can improve our knowledge of maternal health by providing insight into mechanisms underlying maternal well-being, including implications for child development. However, systematic racial bias exists in EEG methodology-particularly for Black individuals-and in psychological and health research broadly. This paper discusses these biases in the context of EEG/ERP research on the maternal brain. First, we assess the racial/ethnic diversity of existing ERP studies of maternal neural responding to infant/child emotional expressions, using papers from a recent meta-analysis, finding that the majority of mothers represented in this research are of White/European ancestry and that the racially and ethnically diverse samples that are present are limited in terms of geography. Therefore, our current knowledge base in this area may be biased and not generalizable across racially diverse mothers. We outline factors underlying this problem, beginning with the racial bias in EEG equipment that systematically excludes individuals of African descent, and also considering factors specific to research with mothers. Finally, we highlight recent innovations to EEG hardware to better accommodate diverse hairstyles and textures, and other important steps to increase racial and ethnic representativeness in EEG/ERP research with mothers. We urge EEG/ERP researchers who study the maternal brain-including our own research group-to take action to increase racial diversity so that this research area can confidently inform understanding of maternal health and contribute to minimizing maternal health disparities.

PENYUKIA (PENYULUHAN DAN EDUKASI KESEHATAN IBU DAN ANAK) PADA PUSKESMAS RAWAMERTA KARAWANG

The knowledge of maternal and child health and nutrition in Sukamerta Village is highlighted in the context of community well-being. The limited understanding of this issue has led to the need for interventions aimed at raising awareness of the importance of health aspects. This study aims to provide sustainable solutions through counseling and education efforts at Rawamerta Community Health Center. The research method applied includes a series of systematically designed steps. Starting from pre-event questionnaire filling to evaluate the initial level of knowledge, direct counseling, educational video screenings, interactive question and answer sessions, and distribution of brochures as additional sources of information. This approach not only delivers information but also encourages active participation of participants to enhance the effectiveness of knowledge transfer. The research results show a significant improvement in understanding of maternal and child health and nutrition after participating in the educational event. The success of the counseling, reaching a rate of 86.78%, confirms that this approach has a strong positive impact on enhancing community knowledge regarding crucial health issues.

The Impact of Exposure to Information Technology in Determining Women’s Knowledge of Complication during Pregnancy, Labor, and Postnatal

Background: Indonesian Demographic Health Survey (IDHS) 2012 reveals that Maternal Mortality Ratio (MMR) in Indonesia is 359 per 100,000 live births or increase from 228 per 100.000 live births in 2007. Compared to the other ASEAN countries, the risk of maternal death in Indonesia is also relatively high, 1 in 65 mothers. Some researches depict that maternal death is caused by inadequate care during pregnancy and delivery (labor). This condition is caused by the availability of health facility or improper health seeking behaviors. Considering the crucial role of knowledge to determine people behaviors, this paper is aimed to discuss the impact of information technology to shape people knowledge on maternal health. Subjects and Method: Some variables in Indonesian Health Demographic Survey 2017, identify the subject’s knowledge on danger sign of complication during pregnancy, labor/delivery and postnatal periods. In digitalized era, the knowledge may come from many sources. Therefore, the discussion will focus on the impact of subject’s accessibility and utilization of internet, mobile phone, radio, TV and newspaper in shaping knowledge of maternal health. Results: This study found that women with primary education (OR= 1.57; p &lt; 0.001), did not access the internet (OR= 2.49; p= 0.110); the frequency of accessing the internet for health (OR= 1.94; p= 0.083) increased women's knowledge about dangerous signs during pregnancy. While not reading newspapers (OR= 0.66; p &lt; 0.001); not watching television (OR= 0.66; p&lt;0.001), having or not having television (OR= 0.59; p &lt; 0.001); do not have a mobile phone (OR= 0.64; p&lt;0.001); not having a radio (OR= 0.88; p &lt; 0.001) decreased women's knowledge of the danger signs during pregnancy, but this result was statistically significant. Conclusion: This result reveal that the effectiveness of internet to influence women knowledge on maternal health must be improved because of its potential in this digitalized era and the progressive trend of internet penetration in Indonesia.

Factors associated with postpartum psychiatric disorders using routine administrative data

BackgroundAlmost twenty percent of women worldwide experience mental health disorders following childbirth. Despite their importance and consequences, postpartum psychiatric disorders are still under-investigated. In Brazil, studies are restricted to state capitals and are not representative of the country as a whole. Understanding the factors associated with postpartum psychiatric disorders can provide insights for adequate maternal mental health screening. This study was conducted with the objective of evaluating factors associated with postpartum psychiatric disorders in Brazil.&#x0D; MethodsWe used Authorization of Outpatient Procedure data for women who used community mental health services in Brazil between 2008 and 2012. The dependent variable was the diagnosis of mental disorders and behavioural factors associated with the puerperium (ICD-10 code F53). Age categorized in quartiles and Psychosocial Care Centre (CAPS) coverage were covariates considered for the analysis. To partially neutralize the bias from repeated observations, we used the Proximity Index (PP), created through of geographic information for each visit to the level of the patient’s neighbourhood. We used Generalized Additive Models for Location, Scale, and Shape (GAMLSS) with double Poisson distribution.&#x0D; FindingsWe identified 6,802 records of mental and behavioural disorders associated with the puerperium diagnoses. Among them, 47.6% of the outpatient records were for diagnosis of ICD F53.1, and 32.09% for ICD-10 F53.0, which correspond to severe and mild mental disorders associated with the puerperium, respectively. Diagnosis for ICD-10 F53.0 was higher between the ages of 26 and 30 (10%), while diagnosis for ICD F53.1 was higher between the ages of 31 and 35 (12.7%). For each increment in the maternal age unit and CAPS coverage percentage, there is an increase of 1.01 (p&lt;0.001) in the occurrence of postpartum psychiatric disorders.&#x0D; ConclusionsOur results showed that increases in maternal age and municipal CAPS coverage heightened the risk of postpartum psychiatric disorders. With regards to severity, we found that diagnosis for ICD F53.0 (mild mental and behavioural disorders associated with the puerperium) was higher among women aged between 26 and 30, while diagnosis for ICD F53.1(severe mental and behavioural disorders associated with the puerperium) was higher among women aged between 31 and 35. Our findings support the need to improve knowledge of maternal mental health and to integrate routine screening into postnatal care settings, for the early identification of women who are at risk, and to apply timely preventive and therapeutic approaches.&#x0D; For collaborations please contact: Email: flaviajosy1@gmail.com

Status of Adolescent Sexual and Reproductive Health in Nepal

Adolescence is the transitional stage (10-19 years) of physical and psychological development that occurs during the period from puberty to adulthood. Adolescent and Sexual Reproductive Health (ASRH) is a healthy condition concerning the system, function and reproductive processes owned by a teenager. ASRH had been taken as an important issue after 1994 International Conference on Population and Development (ICPD)which took it as key issue. The main objective of this article is to analyse the general status of ASRH based on the information from Nepal Demographic and health survey 2016 thematically with descriptive design. Marriage, sexual relationship, fertility, knowledge and use of family planning, maternal and child health, knowledge on abortion, physical and sexual violence in terms of ASRH. Besides, policy intervention, gaps and recommendationshave also been discussed briefly.

Efektivitas E-Book KIA Terhadap Pengetahuan Kesehatan Ibu dan Anak pada Ibu Hamil

&lt;p class="Default"&gt;&lt;em&gt;This E-Book on Maternal and Child Health &lt;/em&gt;&lt;em&gt;(MCH) &lt;/em&gt;&lt;em&gt;contains information on the Maternal and Child Health book which was created to provide information on Maternal and Child Health digitally in a link format equipped with voice recordings. (Depkes RI, 2015). The purpose of this study was to determine the effectiveness of developing an E-Book on Maternal Child Health with knowledge of Maternal and Child Health in pregnant women at the Kalanganyar Health Center in 2021. The type of research used was case control, the population was pregnant women who were in the work area of the Kalanganyar Health Center, the number of samples was 48. person. The results of the study can be seen that pregnant women who understand the contents of Maternal and Child Health who use E-Books are more effective than printed books because the number who understands E-Books on Maternal Child Health (51.2%) while those who understand MCH handbooks (48.7 %). A small percentage (16.6%) of pregnant women in the community health center did not understand the MCH E-Book and who did not understand the MCH printed book (20.8%). Mother's understanding is higher with e-books than printed books, because at this time most pregnant women interact with gadgets so that mothers prefer to listen rather than read. In order to make it easier for health workers or pregnant women regarding maternal and child health information, it must be supported by technology that is connected to a system that has a good network.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;em&gt;&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Based on the results of the chi square test, the P-Value value is 0.002 where p≤0.05, then the e-book can be effective in increasing the knowledge of pregnant women. The value of Odds Ratio (OR) = (1.894-142.501) which means that the use of printed MCH books is 16 times risky, pregnant women do not understand the contents of MCH books. Mother's understanding is higher with e-books than printed books, because at this time most pregnant women interact with gadgets so that mothers prefer to listen rather than read. In order to make it easier for health workers or pregnant women regarding maternal and child health information, it must be supported by technology that is connected to a system that has a good network.&lt;/em&gt;

Gaps in maternal, newborn, and child health research: a scoping review of 72 years in Ethiopia

Background Despite significant reductions in maternal and child mortality over the past few decades, a disproportionate number of global deaths occur in low and middle-income country settings, such as Ethiopia. To prioritize research questions that would generate policy recommendations for better outcomes, we conducted a scoping review that gathers the current knowledge of maternal, newborn, and child health (MNCH) and illustrates remaining gaps in Ethiopia. Methods We conducted a search strategy from 1946-2018 in PubMed/MEDLINE, EMBASE, and the WHO African Index Medicus. The study team of reviewers independently screened titles, abstracts, and full-texts; abstracted data; and reconciled differences in pairs. Descriptive analyses were conducted. Results We identified 7,829 unique articles of which 2,170 were included. Most MNCH publications in Ethiopia (70.0%) were published in the last decade, 2010-2018. Most studies included children aged one to less than 10 years old (30.5%), women of reproductive age (22.0%), and pregnant women (21.9%); fewer studies included newborns (7.0%), infants (6.6%), and postpartum women (2.9%). Research topics included demographics and social determinants of health (43.4%), nutrition (15.3%), and infectious diseases (13.0%). There were limited studies on violence (1.4%), preterm birth (0.8%), antenatal/postpartum depression (0.7%), stillbirths (0.1%), and accidents (0.1%). Most study designs were cross-sectional (53.6%). A few study designs included prospective cohort studies (5.5%) and randomized control trials (2.3%). Conclusions This is the first scoping review to describe the landscape of MNCH research in Ethiopia. Understanding the depth of existing knowledge will support the prioritization and development of future research questions. Additional studies are needed to focus on the neonatal, infant, and postpartum populations as well as preterm and stillbirth outcomes.

Project ACCLAIM: Intervention Effect on Community Knowledge, Attitudes and Beliefs of Maternal and Child Health and HIV/AIDS in Eswatini, Uganda and Zimbabwe

The ACCLAIM Study aimed to assess the effect of a package of community interventions on the demand for, uptake of, and retention of HIV-positive pregnant/postpartum women in maternal and child health (MCH) and prevention of mother-to-child HIV transmission (PMTCT) services. The study occurred from 2013 to 2015 in Eswatini, Uganda, and Zimbabwe. The three interventions were: (1) a social learning and action component for community leaders, (2) community days, and (3) peer discussion groups. Household cross-sectional surveys on community members’ MCH and PMTCT knowledge, attitudes, and beliefs were analyzed pre- and post-intervention, using MCH, HIV stigma, and gender-equitable men (GEM) indicators. We used t-tests to measure the significance of mean pre- vs. post-intervention score changes stratified by gender within each intervention arm and generalized linear models to compare mean score changes of the cumulative intervention arms with the community leaders-only intervention. Response rates were over 85% for both surveys for men and women, with a total of 3337 pre-intervention and 3162 post-intervention responses. The combined package of three interventions demonstrated a significantly greater increase in MCH scores for both women (diff = 1.34, p ≤ 0.001) and men (diff = 2.03, p < 0.001). The arms that included interventions for both community leader engagement and community days (arms 2 and 3)led to a greater increase in mean GEM scores compared to the community leader engagement intervention alone (arm 1), for both women (diff = 1.32, p = 0.002) and men (diff = 1.37, p = 0.004). Our findings suggest that a package of community interventions may be most effective in increasing community MCH/HIV knowledge and improving gender-equitable norms.

Intervention on Knowledge, Attitude and Practices of Maternal and Child Health among Rural Women of Uttarakhand

The health of mothers and children is a key indicator of general health in any society. Throughout the world, there is increasing concern and interest in maternal and child health care. Despite that, the morbidity and mortality rates especially in developing countries continue to be alarming. Given the magnitude of these problems and the services available, much improvement has not been witnessed. The present study seeks to assess knowledge, attitude and practices of rural women towards maternal and child health and examined KAP about the process of reproduction, family planning methods, antenatal care, perinatal care, hygiene and nutrition of child. Towards this end, an intervention module was developed and implemented. Pre and post-test were conducted to study the impact of the intervention. The results revealed that during the pretest phase majority of the respondents had moderate knowledge about the signs of pregnancy, importance of first trimester of pregnancy, however gaps were found in knowledge regarding immunization and welfare programmes and services for mothers and young children. A paradigm shift in the knowledge, attitude and practices of rural women towards maternal and child health was observed post intervention. The proportion of women believing in myths like feeding sweetened water or honey to new born, putting oil in baby’s ear decreased post intervention. Inappropriate practices followed pertaining to hygiene and sanitation like non sterilization of feeding bottle before every feed and irregular napkin changes also improved between pre and post intervention.

Maternal Mental Health: A Baseline Survey of Knowledge, Attitudes and Current Practice among Auxiliary Nurse Midwives

Perinatal mental health has been gaining importance in public health programmes in India and efforts are being made to integrate maternal mental health with ongoing maternal health programmes. As part of developing a training module for auxiliary nurse midwives (ANMs), we assessed their baseline knowledge, attitude, and practice related to maternal mental health. Data was collected from ANMs (N=183) from Karnataka state using self-reported questionnaires and case vignettes. Our À ndings revealed that more than half (51.5%) of the ANMs had inadequate knowledge of maternal mental health. However, the majority of the subjects endorsed positive attitudes towards women with maternal mental disorders (65%) and were able to see their role in identiÀ cation and management (74%). The majority of the ANMs (61.5%) showed better practice in identifying and referring women with maternal mental health issues. SigniÀ cant positive correlations were observed between ANMs’ knowledge, attitude, and practice related to maternal mental health. The À ndings suggest that ANMs require further education to update their knowledge and skills to identify mental health problems in women, and refer them for early intervention.

Gaps in Maternal, Newborn, and Child Health Research: A Scoping Review of 72 Years in Ethiopia

Background: Despite significant reductions in maternal and child mortality over the past few decades, a disproportionate number of global deaths occur in low and middle-income country settings, such as Ethiopia. To prioritize research questions that would generate policy recommendations for better outcomes, we conducted a scoping review that gathers the current knowledge of maternal, newborn, and child health (MNCH) and illustrates remaining gaps in Ethiopia. Methods: We conducted a search strategy from 1946-2018 in PubMed/MEDLINE, EMBASE, and the WHO African Index Medicus. The study team of reviewers independently screened titles, abstracts, and full-texts; abstracted data; and reconciled differences in pairs. Descriptive analyses were conducted. Findings: We identified 7,829 unique articles of which 2,170 were included. Most MNCH publications in Ethiopia (70·0%) were published in the last decade, 2010-2018. Most studies included children aged one to less than 10 years old (30·5%), women of reproductive age (22·0%), and pregnant women (21·9%); fewer studies included newborns (7·0%), infants (6·6%), and postpartum women (2·9%). Research topics included demographics and social determinants of health (43·4%), nutrition (15·3%), and infectious diseases (13·0%). There were limited studies on violence (1∙4%), preterm birth (0·8%), antenatal/postpartum depression (0·7%), stillbirths (0·1%), and accidents (0·1%). Most study designs were cross-sectional (53·6%). A few study designs included prospective cohort studies (5·5%) and randomized control trials (2·3%). Interpretation: This is the first scoping review to describe the landscape of MNCH research in Ethiopia. Understanding the depth of existing knowledge will support the prioritization and development of future research questions. Additional studies are needed to focus on the neonatal, infant, and postpartum populations as well as preterm and stillbirth outcomes. Funding Statement: Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation. Declaration of Interests: We declare no conflicting interests.

MANTRA: Improving Knowledge of Maternal Health, Neonatal Health, and Geohazards in Women in Rural Nepal Using a Mobile Serious Game.

Serious games, conveying educational knowledge rather than merely entertainment, are a rapidly expanding research domain for cutting-edge educational technology. Digital interventions like serious games are great opportunities to overcome challenges in low-and-middle-income countries that limit access to health information, such as social barriers like low-literacy and gender. MANTRA: Increasing maternal and child health resilience before, during and after disasters using mobile technology in Nepal takes on these challenges with a novel digital health intervention; a serious mobile game aimed at vulnerable low-literacy female audiences in rural Nepal. The serious game teaches 28 learning objectives of danger signs in geohazards, maternal, and neonatal health to improve knowledge and self-assessment of common conditions and risks to inform healthcare-seeking behavior. Evaluations consisted of recruiting 35 end users to participate in a pre-test assessment, playing the game, post-test assessment, and focus groups to elicit qualitative feedback. Assessments analyzed knowledge gain in two ways; by learning objective with McNemar tests for each learning objective, and by participant scores with paired t-tests of overall scores and by module. Results of assessments of knowledge gain by learning objective (McNemar tests) indicate participants had sufficient prior knowledge to correctly interpret and respond to 26% of pictograms (coded AA), which is a desirable result although without the possibility of improvement through the intervention. The geohazard module had greatest impact as 16% of responses showed knowledge gain (coded BA). The two most successful learning objectives showing statistically significant positive change were evidence of rockfalls and small cracks in the ground (p = < 0.05). Assessment of knowledge gain by participant scores (paired t-tests) showed the 35 participants averaged a 7.7 point improvement (p < 0.001) in the assessment (28 learning objectives). Average change in knowledge of subdivided module scores (each module normalized to 100 points for comparison) was greatest in the geohazard module (9.5 points, p < 0.001), then maternal health (7.4 points, p = 0.0067), and neonatal health (6.0 points, p = 0.013). This evaluation demonstrated that carefully designed digital health interventions with pictograms co-authored by experts and users can teach complex health and geohazard situations. Significant knowledge gain was demonstrated for several learning objectives while those with non-significant or negative change will be re-designed to effectively convey information.

A Nurse-Led Population-Based Health Education Project to Improve Infant Care Knowledge for an Old Order Mennonite Community

Population health is changing the focus of nursing practice as nurses are challenged to focus on health promotion and education for communities rather than limiting their practice to restorative care for individual acute care patients. This new focus is necessary to improve knowledge of maternal and infant health among vulnerable populations. One particularly vulnerable population is members of Old Order Mennonite communities, who frequently rely on self-trained local midwives in the community for home births and home remedies when caring for their infants. Providing evidence-based education to members of this isolated population can be a challenge because they do not typically access information outside of the community. The purpose of this article is to share the process of developing, publishing, and disseminating a culturally sensitive infant care manual for an Old Order Mennonite community using a community-based participatory model and to highlight the impact nursing outreach can have on improving health knowledge.