Knowledge Of Male Circumcision Research Articles

A Longitudinal Study on Women’s Knowledge of Male Circumcision, and its Influencing Factors in Zambia

Aim: The aim of this study was to investigate Women’s Knowledge of Male Circumcision and its influencing factors between 2011 and 2013. Methods: The study was a prospective cohort study of post-Male Circumcision sexual behavior in Zambia and sampled a total of 1350 women aged 15-29 years. The study followed up women and collected data in three rounds using a self-administered structured questionnaire. The type of analysis involved univariate, bivariate and multivariate. Results: Close to three-quarters (72.5%) of the respondents had heard or were aware of male circumcision before it was described to them. Less than one third (29%) had average knowledge at baseline. The odds of having good and average knowledge versus poor knowledge was greater for following women; single women with circumcised primary sex partners (OR: 2.1, P<0.001, CI: 1.39-3.21); women who talked to a circumcised partner about male circumcision (OR: 2.12, P<0.001, CI: 1.93-2.31); women aged 20 to 29 years; women who had some education; women who were aware about male circumcision and had talked to a family member about male circumcision. Conclusion: It is evident from the findings that male circumcision campaigns might have failed to correctly educate women on the male circumcision and its protection.

Safety, Acceptability, and Feasibility of Early Infant Male Circumcision Conducted by Nurse-Midwives Using the AccuCirc Device: Results of a Field Study in Zimbabwe.

For prevention of HIV, early infant male circumcision (EIMC) needs to be scaled up in countries with high HIV prevalence. Routine EIMC will maintain the HIV prevention gains anticipated from current adult male circumcision initiatives. We present here the results of a field study of EIMC conducted in Zimbabwe. The study was observational and based on the World Health Organization (WHO) framework for clinical evaluation of male circumcision devices. We recruited parents of newborn male infants between August 2013 and July 2014 from 2 clinics. Nurse-midwives used the AccuCirc device to circumcise eligible infants. We followed participants for 14 days after EIMC. Outcome measures were EIMC safety, acceptability, and feasibility. We enrolled 500 male infants in the field study (uptake 11%). The infants were circumcised between 6 and 60 days postpartum. The procedure took a median of 17 minutes (interquartile range of 5 to 18 minutes). Mothers' knowledge of male circumcision was extensive. Of the 498 mothers who completed the study questionnaire, 91% knew that male circumcision decreases the risk of HIV acquisition, and 83% correctly stated that this prevention is partial. Asked about their community's perception of EIMC, 40% felt that EIMC will likely be viewed positively in their community; 13% said negatively; and 47% said the perception could be both ways. We observed 7 moderate or severe adverse events (1.4%; 95% confidence interval, 0.4% to 2.4%). All resolved without lasting effects. Nearly all mothers (99%) reported great satisfaction with the outcome, would recommend EIMC to other parents, and would circumcise their next sons. This first field study in sub-Saharan Africa of the AccuCirc device for EIMC demonstrated that EIMC conducted by nurse-midwives with this device is safe, feasible, and acceptable to parents.

Is male circumcision an “Invisible Condom?” Men’s Knowledge, Attitudes, Perception of Risk to HIV infection and willingness to circumcise in Harare, Zimbabwe

In 2009, the Zimbabwe Ministry of Health launched a national voluntary medical male circumcision programme, targeting to circumcise 80% of males by 2015. The present study examines the impact of men’s knowledge, attitudes and perception of risk of HIV infection to their willingness to accept circumcision. A cross-sectional survey was conducted on 666 men aged 15-35 in Harare, Zimbabwe. The present study employed descriptive statistics, bivariate and logit regression model. The results showed that men who had favourable attitudes towards male circumcision and those who perceived themselves to be at a higher risk of HIV infection were more likely to be willing to circumcise. Contrary to expectation, knowledge of male circumcision was not significantly related to willingness to circumcise. The study’s findings highlight the need for the promotion of the kind of health education which would emphasise the health benefits of male circumcision.

Knowledge, attitudes and perceptions of pharmacy and nursing students towards male circumcision and HIV in a KwaZulu-Natal University, South Africa

BackgroundMale circumcision is currently being promoted in South Africa as a Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) prevention method. Effective implementation requires that healthcare providers should believe in the procedure's efficacy and should possess a positive attitude. A study was undertaken amongst pharmacy and nursing students with different objectives.ObjectivesTo ascertain students’ knowledge, attitudes and perceptions regarding male circumcision and (HIV) prevention.MethodA descriptive cross-sectional study using anonymous questionnaires was undertaken amongst 4th year pharmacy and nursing students studying at a university in KwaZulu-Natal, after obtaining their consent. Data were captured and analysed using SPSS version 15.ResultsA response rate of 83.18% and a mean knowledge score of 66.43% with relatively positive attitudes (62.7) were obtained; 85.4% of the respondents felt that promoting male circumcision is appropriate, with all Muslim students (n < 11) supporting the promotion of male circumcision. Even though all Muslim students supported male circumcision, only 3 students were willing to perform the procedure if adequately trained (p < 0.03). The majority of the female students were unwilling to perform the procedure (p < 0.005). A third of the respondents indicated that male circumcision would both undermine existing protective behaviours and strategies as well as increase riskier sexual behaviour. Over 54% of the respondents believed that the South African Health System would be able to cope with the massive male circumcision drive. The majority of the respondents favoured the procedure to be done at birth. Pain was cited as the most important reason for not wanting to be circumcised.ConclusionPharmacy and nursing students have a moderate knowledge of male circumcision and HIV prevention with relatively positive attitudes. The majority felt that promoting male circumcision is appropriate and should be encouraged.

Feasibility of medical male circumcision in Nyanza Province, Kenya

Over forty observational studies have reported a protective effect of male circumcision against HIV-I acquisition, leading some to suggest that male circumcision be added to the limited armamentarium of HIV prevention strategies. To evaluate the feasibility and requirements of implementing medical male circumcision in Nyanza Province of Kenya a quasi-experimental design was implemented to assess clinicians' knowledge of male circumcision and to assess the effectiveness of a one day educational intervention in one district. A cross sectional survey assessed the availability of necessary instruments and surgical supplies. None of the participating ten health facilities had all the necessary instruments and supplies to safely perform male circumcisions. Though most clinicians reported training about circumcision, most lacked sufficient knowledge to perform the procedure, and few were familiar with the process of informed consent. We demonstrated that a didactic educational workshop significantly improved providers' knowledge of male circumcision. Since increasing numbers of young men and parents are requesting male circumcision services in many parts of sub-Saharan Africa, health providers must undergo further training in the performance of the procedure and the process of informed consent. Many health facilities will have to be provided with the instruments and supplies necessary to perform male circumcision safely.