Knowledge Of Human Behavior Research Articles

The Collective Mind Approached Through the Prism of Beliefs

This article aims to bring to the forefront the approach to the concept of faith from a philosophical and psychological perspective in order to unravel the functioning mechanism of the collective mind as a tool for interpreting reality. The problem raised by the study of beliefs is an area of research that could shed a lot of light on the analysis and knowledge of human behaviour within collectivities in order to unravel the mysteries that led to the emergence of totalitarianism. In order to analyse the concept of faith from a philosophical perspective, this paper will approach a synthetic analysis through three great thinkersː David Hume, Gustave Le Bon and José Ortega y Gasset, authors who have glimpsed the immense potential offered by understanding these levers for deciphering historical events.

"A Study of Indian College Students' Happiness and Related Factors: A Review"

India is a fascinating case study in happiness. Because of its remarkable history, fast economic development, huge population, and ethnic, religious, and linguistic variety, it is a one-of-a-kind civilization. In this chapter, we look at happiness as both a "outside-in" and "inside-out" phenomena, and we put it in the context of India. We examine poll data on Indians' life satisfaction from the outside in, finding that they are moderately happy but may grow more so if policies are established to provide employment and infrastructure to more people. We look at the various ways that subtle culture influences individual happiness from the inside out. Finally, we provide suggestions for happiness-related treatments. The findings in this area are significant not just for their contribution to our knowledge of human behavior, but also for their policy implications. While Bhutan may very well have taken a risk by coining the phrase Using the phrase 'Gross National Happiness,' a play on the more often used term 'Gross National Product,' a growing number of economists are realizing that happiness survey.

Using the Myers-Briggs Type Indicator (MBTI) for Modeling Multiagent Systems

The formation of high-performance teams has been a constant challenge for organizations, which despite considering human capital as one of the most important resources, it still lacks the means to allow them to have a better understanding of several factors that influence the formation of these teams. In this sense, studies also demonstrate that teamwork has a significant impact on the results presented by organizations, in which human behavior is highlighted as one of the main aspects to be considered in the building of work teams. The Myers-Briggs Type Indicator seeks to classify the behavioral preferences of individuals around eight characteristics, which grouped as dichotomies, describe different psychological types. With it, researchers have sought to expand the ability to understand the human factor, using strategies with multiagent systems that, through experiments and simulations, using computer resources, enable the development of artificial agents that simulate human actions. In this work, we present an overview of the research approaches that use MBTI to model agents, aiming at providing a better knowledge of human behavior. Additionally, we make a preliminary discussion of how these results could be explored in order to advance the studies of psychological factors' influence in organizations' work teams formation.

Coyote Management Plans and Wildlife Watch: implications for community coaching approach to public outreach in southern California

The majority of residents in southern California live in urban areas. Therefore, working with cities to promote tolerance and coexistence with urban wildlife is crucial to the conservation and management of native species. Human conflicts with coyotes (Canis latrans) illustrate the importance of incorporating the social sciences, particularly knowledge of human behavior, communication, and education, in a coyote management strategy. Here, we review 199 cities across southern California to determine which localities have a coyote management website or a coyote management plan. We also included cities that have collaborated with the California Department of Fish and Wildlife in developing a “Wildlife Watch” program model. Wildlife Watch (based on the Neighborhood Watch national crime prevention program) uses conservation-oriented principles to empower local communities, agencies, and residents to remove wildlife attractants and to exclude or deter coyotes from neighborhoods. We examine how cities with coyote management websites and programs differ from cities without, based on U.S. census demographics. Using data from coyote conflict and sighting tools (Coyote Cacher, iNaturalist, and CDFW’s Wildlife Incident Reporting System) we compare coyote reports across cities with different management plans and websites. Finally, based on demographics from the US Census, we examine ways Wildlife Watch, or related programs, can be expanded and improved. An adaptive community-based program, like Wildlife Watch, offers a valuable toolkit to managers for navigating the diverse array of human perceptions, values, and attitudes regarding urban species and human-wildlife conflicts.

Fundamentals of training of police officers for action in extreme situations.

The article presents the concept of extreme situation and the factors that characterize it. The content and principles of preparation of police officers for solving operational and service tasks in conditions related to extreme situations are considered. The need to improve the social behavior of police officers in the context of mass events of citizens in recent years has been growing steadily. This is due to the processes of transformation in the political, economic, social and spiritual life of people, which have a significant impact on the formation of civil society, ensuring the rights and freedoms of the population. As part of these processes, there are changes in the police, not least related to increasing the level of socio-psychological competence of police units, the formation of a positive image of the police officer in the eyes of the population. Not every personal problem, intrapersonal or interpersonal conflict, feelings of crisis inevitably lead to stress. Stress resistance is determined by a set of personality qualities that allow you to tolerate significant intellectual, volitional and emotional loads (mental stability); perform their professional tasks with good psychosomatic health; to have a stable worldview and to be a believer; perform a certain social role and have an appropriate level of culture of their society (psychological stability of the individual). Analysis of materials on the practice of law enforcement shows that in order to respond calmly and reasonably to the aggressive actions and abuse of the crowd and soberly take into account the situation, a police officer needs not only mental and physical effort, but also knowledge of human behavior in crowd, the mechanism of its formation and mode of action, the role of each type of participants in the riots, stereotypes of their actions in extreme conditions. Depends on ensuring their personal safety and the safety of citizens, as well as the success of a specific job. The essence of the psyche is reflection. The psyche is a subjective image of the objective world, an ideal (immaterial) reflection of reality. Psychological stability of employees of special divisions influences comprehensive and effective disclosure of crimes.

UNDERSTANDING LOW ACADEMIC ACHIEVEMENT BASED ON PASS AND ERICKSONIAN HUMANISTIC THERAPY

Academic underachievement is a burning problem far from being solved. This study evaluated the efficacy of a humanistic psychotherapy intervention program based on planning, attention, successive and simultaneous (PASS) inductive learning, and indirect metaphorical Ericksonian communication grounded in the neuroscientific knowledge of human behavior. The rational neuroscientific foundations are explained throughout the discussion, highlighting the interaction cognition-emotion. The sample was 600 subjects classified as low achievers, very low achievers, and behavioral-psychosomatic dysfunctional low achievers. The mean age was 13.93 (SD = 1.56; range 12-17), 29.5% women. A normal control group of 172 subjects was selected (mean age, 13.88; SD = 1.75;range 12-17; 49.4% women). ANOVA and stepwise regression analysis were performed. No PASS deficit explains the low achievers. A dysfunctional emotional reason is suggested. A lower simultaneous PASS appears related to very low achievers. A lower planning PASS and the "N" pattern appear related to behavioral-psychosomatic low achievers. The "N" pattern is a suggestive marker of emotional dysfunction. After 6 months of intervention, 55% of very low achievers, 85% of low achievers, and 80% of behavioral-psychosomatic participants did not satisfy the criterion of an underachiever. More studies are required to contribute to the accumulative understanding of scientific phenomena, and so investigate replication.

DRAMATURGY, SPLIT PERSONALITY AND THE QUESTION OF IDENTITY IN EFFIONG JOHNSON’S SON OF THE LAND

The nature of man in relationship with his society is ambivalent, reflecting that human beings have the capacity to alter their personality to fit in to the situation they are confronted with at different times. This alterations result in indeterminate portrayal of human identity in creative works. No character is whole until the social condition he is pitched against justifies him. This paper evaluates Effiong Johnson’s treatment of indeterminacy of the human selves in a chaotic social milieu in Son of the Land. It uses qualitative research methodology and bases its theoretical framework on Sigmund Freud’s Psychodynamic Theory. Findings show that uncertainty of social conditions may force people to vary the attitudes they put up for survival. Dramaturgy is the various impressions people put up at different times. Personality is the discernible self marked for a particular regular situation, while the quirk in the marked self suggests split-personality. The totality of all selves in their sameness or differentiation in the confrontations with pleasant and unpleasant situations in life suggests human identity. The paper concludes that unstable society will provide unstable citizens. The circumstances people face in life shape their pattern of thought which motivates action they take. Everyone puts up a self when confronted with a happenstance. The knowledge of human behaviour should be broadened in drama to help in the curtailment of sweeping conclusion over human attitude, varying selves and identity in the society.KEYWORDS: Dramaturgy, Personality, Identity, Effiong Johnson. Son of The Land.

Award for Distinguished Contributions to Research in Public Policy.

The Award for Distinguished Contributions to Research in Public Policy is given to a psychologist who has made a distinguished empirical and/or theoretical contribution to research in public policy, either through a single extraordinary achievement or a lifetime of work. This contribution may consist of such factors as research leading others to view specific national policies differently; research demonstrating the importance of the application of psychological methods and theory to public policy; or research clarifying the ways in which scientific knowledge of human behavior informs public policy. The 2020 recipients of the APA Awards for Distinguished Contributions to Research in Public Policy were selected by the 2019 Committee on Psychology in the Public Interest Awards. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2020 APA, all rights reserved).

Award for Distinguished Contributions to Research in Public Policy: Gary L. Wells.

The Award for Distinguished Contributions to Research in Public Policy is given to a psychologist who has made a distinguished empirical and/or theoretical contribution to research in public policy, either through a single extraordinary achievement or a lifetime of work. This contribution may consist of such factors as research leading others to view specific national policies differently; research demonstrating the importance of the application of psychological methods and theory to public policy; or research clarifying the ways in which scientific knowledge of human behavior informs public policy. The 2020 recipients of the APA Awards for Distinguished Contributions to Research in Public Policy were selected by the 2019 Committee on Psychology in the Public Interest Awards. For over 40 years, Gary Wells has led the scientific study of eyewitness identifications, system problems, and solutions. In 1998, at the request of the U.S. attorney general, Wells joined a Department of Justice working group of police, prosecutors, and researchers, which produced a transformative Guide for Law Enforcement. Wells is also lead author of an APA Division 41 white paper, the first in its history. This white paper was revised and published in 2020. Over the years, Wells has worked tirelessly with policymakers, practitioners, and news media to advocate for the kinds of reforms that prevent wrongful convictions. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2020 APA, all rights reserved).

Award for Distinguished Contributions to Research in Public Policy.

The Award for Distinguished Contributions to Research in Public Policy is given to a psychologist who has made a distinguished empirical and/or theoretical contribution to research in public policy, either through a single extraordinary achievement or a lifetime of work. This contribution may consist of such factors as research leading others to view specific national policies differently; research demonstrating the importance of the application of psychological methods and theory to public policy; or research clarifying the ways in which scientific knowledge of human behavior informs public policy. The 2019 recipients of the APA Awards for Distinguished Contributions to Research in Public Policy were selected by the 2018 Committee on Psychology in the Public Interest Awards. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2019 APA, all rights reserved).

Award for Distinguished Contributions to Research in Public Policy.

The Award for Distinguished Contributions to Research in Public Policy is given to a psychologist who has made a distinguished empirical and/or theoretical contribution to research in public policy, either through a single extraordinary achievement or a lifetime of work. This contribution may consist of such factors as research leading others to view specific national policies differently; research demonstrating the importance of the application of psychological methods and theory to public policy; or research clarifying the ways in which scientific knowledge of human behavior informs public policy. The 2018 recipients of the APA Awards for Distinguished Contributions to Research in Public Policy were selected by the 2017 Committee on Psychology in the Public Interest Awards. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2018 APA, all rights reserved).

Evidence-Informed Policy from an International Perspective

This article discusses the history of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) in development economics and the ways in which their use has shaped disciplinary practices and development policy over the past two decades. We first explain how increased use of academic-run RCTs internationally has led to important methodological breakthroughs that have advanced our knowledge of human behavior as well as changes in how research is conducted, including routine practice of in-field apprenticeships for young researchers and the establishment of robust research infrastructure in numerous developing countries around the world. We then explore three ways in which the scale-up of evidence-informed programs and policies based on findings from RCTs have achieved real-world impact, giving examples for each. These include how rigorous evidence can help to resolve contentious policy debates; enable policy-makers to assess external validity of findings and draw lessons across contexts; and support institutionalization of evidence use in various types of organizations.

Examining the Usefulness of Student-Produced PSAs to Learn Advocacy in a Human Behavior and the Social Environment Course

ABSTRACTAdvocacy is a complex set of applications that applies knowledge of human behavior in the social environment to promote the rights of others. The purpose of this study was to explore the usefulness of student-created public service announcements (PSAs) to help BSW students learn cause-based advocacy. Our results suggest that assigning a PSA project supports competencies in cause-based advocacy, professional identity development social work, critical thinking, engagement with research-informed practice, and capacity to respond to contexts.

Large risks with low probabilities: Perceptions and willingness to take preventive measures against flooding

This volume contains studies of one particular category of risky situations, namely, those involving highly negative consequences with low probabilities. Situations of this type involve both natural and man-made disasters (e.g. floods, technological hazards, economic crises, epidemics, etc.). Such risks are characterized by two features: (1) they occur relatively rarely (the probability of their occurrence is very low) and (2) they have extremely negative consequences (they are catastrophic). Such events generally cannot be prevented, but one can both try to anticipate them and undertake actions aimed at ameliorating their negative consequences. Consequently, the first part of the book is devoted to risk perception issues. It includes studies devoted to the following questions which arise when people have to deal with probabilities, and small probabilities in particular: How can probabilistic information be communicated effectively? What is the impact of emotions on perceptions of, and reactions to, probabilistic information? Other relevant issues are also discussed. The second part of the book is devoted to protection and insurance against risk. Thus, it includes studies answering the following questions: What determines a person's willingness to take preventive actions in areas susceptible to severe flooding? How do people form their own risk estimates?Research presented in the book extends our knowledge of human behavior in situations characterized by large risks and low probabilities, leading to better comprehension of the functioning of cognitive and affective processes in perception and decision making in situations where uncertainty and risk are accompanied by highly negative consequences.ISBN: 9781780408590 (Hardback)ISBN: 9781780408606 (eBook)

Award for Distinguished Contributions to Research in Public Policy.

The Award for Distinguished Contributions to Research in Public Policy is given to a psychologist who has made a distinguished empirical and/or theoretical contribution to research in public policy, either through a single extraordinary achievement or a lifetime of work. This contribution may consist of such factors as research leading others to view specific national policies differently; research demonstrating the importance of the application of psychological methods and theory to public policy; or research clarifying the ways in which scientific knowledge of human behavior informs public policy. The 2016 recipients of the APA Awards for Psychology in the Public Interest were selected by the 2015 Committee on Psychology in the Public Interest Awards. Members of the committee were M. Dolores Cimini, PhD (Chair); Toni Antonucci, PhD; Allen M. Omoto, PhD; and Michael E. Lamb, PhD. (PsycINFO Database Record

The continuing evolution of ultrasocial economic organization.

Ultrasociality, as expressed in agricultural, monetary, and fossil fuel economies, has spurred exponential growth in population and in resource use that now threaten civilization. These threats take the form of prisoner's dilemmas. Avoiding collapse requires more cooperative economic organization that must be informed by knowledge of human behavior and cultural evolution. The evolution of a cooperative information economy is one possibility.

The Science of Cyber Behavior

Is the science of cyber behavior an emerging field or an emerged field? This sounds like a debatable topic. The central argument of this theoretical article, however, is that there exits strong evidence suggesting that the science of cyber behavior is an emerged rather than an emerging field and substantial scientific knowledge of human behavior in the cyber space has been accumulated over the past 30 years. In this article, the author first introduces the concept of cyber behavior, then elaborate the existing evidence for the science of cyber behavior an emerged field of research, present a new important piece of evidence that suggests the science of cyber behavior as an emerged field, and concludes with an outline of future research efforts that will make the science of cyber behavior an established field.

Imagine here a title that calms you down

Imagine here a title that calms you down Bob Hicok (bio) The music stopped. Whatever door we were in front ofopened, we went in, sat down to dinner,had sex and babies and put the garden hosesaway in October, before the freeze. It was a tunereminiscent of Ravel. I miss it, my wife misses it,we miss it together in the eveningson opposite sides of the dam, one of usdrawing a picture and the otherwriting down the word for that picture. We neverget it right: my pony is her forge,her tree looking at itself in a mirroris my diamond induced refraction. And there's neverany water behind the dam, as if it had been builtto attract a river too wise for the trap,nor does the Town Council ever approvethe proposal to fill in the gapsin our knowledge of human behavior, so the gapsremain. The closest we got was 7-6. One sentimentthe other way and we'd understand perfectlywhy we do what we do. As it is,we do what we do with this hauntingsense of a tune that didn't want us, that shook us loosefrom its hair. She knits scarvesto keep our abstract notions of freedomwarm. I stack rocks on the left side [End Page 35] of falling apart, admire the shapeone time only and move the shapeto the right side of falling apart. I haveincredible forearms: she, a harvest of scarves.Sometimes we burrow into the harvestand make love and find a hole to look out fromas we struggle to breathe the itchy air.It's a good life, though I make this claimquietly, in a voice that doesn't actuallyspeak, that keeps to itself, much as the dreamsof fireworks have yet to find a sleeper capableof withstanding the finale, though many believethey are that bright vessel, that ahhhwaiting to cross a field as the last birdsof sulfur fall. [End Page 36] Bob Hicok Bob Hicok's sixth collection, Words for Empty and Words for Full, will be published by Pitt in 2010. His last book, This Clumsy Living (Pitt Poetry Series, 2007), received the Rebekah Johnson Bobbitt National Prize for Poetry from the Library of Congress. Copyright © 2010 Michigan State University Board of Trustees

Development of resilience among school children against violence

The evidence of violence among the adolescent students across the world has become a deep concern to psychologists toward scientific inquiry of human development. Development of positive or negative personality is a construct of various factors that are well established over the years. A large number of literature is available to understand the causes of personality development and behaviour disorder. Extensive knowledge based data available claim that human behaviour may be developed by positive emotion and social intelligence. Integrated knowledge of human behaviour may help to design simple and useful technique of tests using less statistical analysis with more qualitative data and content analysis including case study methods. Impact of Positive Emotion Community support, school teachers, parents and peer groups - all contribute to develop personality.

A critique of critical acculturation

Abstract This critique is divided into three sections. The first section is a review of my positions on three core issues regarding the nature of the human sciences (particularly cross-cultural and acculturation psychology) that have been raised throughout these articles. Knowledge of these positions is essential background to understanding my comments in the second section. In the second section are some comments on specific claims and assertions about my work that have been made in the articles. I believe that many of these assertions do not represent my views, nor my empirical research, on acculturation. Of necessity, I have had to select certain themes among all of these assertions. Although the special issue is a critique of acculturation theory and research in general, the majority of the comments are addressed to my work in the area. Hence, I have concentrated on criticisms directed at my own work, rather than attempting to address the field as a whole. However, my comments likely have more general import for the field of acculturation psychology as a whole. I invite readers to consider these very contrasting sets of views about how we are to understand individual human beings within the context of cultures, and of culture contact and change. A third section returns to some of the basic issues regarding the nature of the scientific enterprise. I advocate a dual approach, accepting both the natural sciences and cultural sciences ways of advancing our knowledge of human behaviour in context. I argue that dismissing the positivist traditions of the natural sciences, and replacing them with social constructionist concepts and methods is a regressive step in our search to improve our understanding of acculturation. Moreover, I have found little in these articles that advances our knowledge of acculturation, or our potential for making applications for the betterment of acculturating individuals and groups.