Knowledge Of Adverse Events Research Articles

Knowledge, attitude of nurses and midwives regarding adverse event at clinical Departments at Hue University of Medicine and Pharmacy Hospital in 2019

Objectives: To assess knowledge, attitudes of nurses and midwives regarding adverse event at the clinical departments at Hue University of Medicine and Pharmacy Hospital in 2019 and explore some related factors. Subjects and methods: Cross-sectional descriptive study on 149 nurses and midwives at clinical department at Hue University of Medicine and Pharmacy Hospital in 2019. Results: The percentage of good knowledge, good attitude are respectively: 79.2%; 78.5%. There are significant association between nurses’ and midwives’ knowledge of adverse event and educational attainment, attendance in adverse event training, the frequency of monitoring and supervision by supervisory staff (p < 0.05); between their attitudes toward adverse event and income from hospitals, attendance in adverse event training, discussion with colleagues about adverse event (p < 0.05). Conclusion: regular training, raise awareness and attitude of adverse event, encouraging to organize activities between department to exchange experiences on prevention of adverse event Key words: knowledge, attitudes, adverse event, Hue University of Medicine and Pharmacy Hospital

Evidence of Improved Knowledge and Skills Among Hematologists/Oncologists Participating in Online CME-Certified Activities

Background: Several regimens are currently available for the treatment of newly diagnosed or relapsed/refractory multiple myeloma (R/R MM). This has subsequently led to the development of a variety of novel management strategies. Because of the rapidly changing treatment landscape, it is challenging for hematologists/oncologists (hem/oncs), particularly those in community-based settings, to stay current on recent data and clinical practice guidelines.Aim: The objective of this study was to determine if a curriculum of online continuing medical education (CME) activities could improve the knowledge, skills, and confidence of hem/oncs as it relates to the treatment of patients with MM.Methods: The curriculum contained online CME-certified activities for clinicians that focused on personalizing treatment, managing adverse events (AEs), and integrating new data and agents into clinical practice for the treatment of MM. All activities were developed with input from a steering committee of expert myeloma physicians and a nurse practitioner. There were 10 activities included in this analysis. The impact of education was examined using a repeated-pair design with a pre-/post-assessment. Questions from all activities were grouped into learning topics. Mean knowledge/skill was calculated across all activities, and included questions designed for longitudinal analysis. Statistical significance was assessed using a McNemar's test (5% significance level, P <.05). Data was collected from when the first activity posted on November 11, 2020 through July 8, 2021.Results: A total of 570 hem/oncs were included in this analysis. A majority practiced in community-based settings (51%), specialized in hematologic malignancies (specialists, 51%), and cared for 1 to 10 patients with MM in a typical month (70%). The percentage of correct responses pre- and post-education across multiple curriculum activities are displayed by subgroup in the Table. Confidence was assessed for various topics on the scale of 1-not confident to 5-very confident. Hem/oncs were considered confident if they rated their confidence a 4 or 5. The pre-/post-education percentage of hem/oncs who were confident (4 or 5 on a scale of 1 to 5) personalizing treatment: 18%/23% academic (P <.01, relative percentage improvement, RI +56%), 17%/31% community (P <.001, RI +82%), 18%/30% specialists (P <.001, RI +67%), 13%/25% average 10 or fewer patients with MM per month (P <.001, RI +91%).Conclusions: The series of CME-certified activities had a significant, positive impact on knowledge, skills, and confidence across all learning themes for all hem/oncs, but especially community-based hem/oncs and specialists in hematologic malignancies.For almost all learning themes, community-based hem/oncs demonstrated similar or higher knowledge/skills post-education than their academic-based counterparts. Community-based hem/oncs also demonstrated larger relative improvements in knowledge/skills than academic-based hem/oncs.Hem/oncs who saw fewer patients with MM on average per month demonstrated a larger relative percentage improvement with these learning themes: foundational knowledge, knowledge of clinical trial data, knowledge of treatment regimens, knowledge of SDM. Hem/oncs who saw a higher number of patients with MM on average per month demonstrated larger relative percentage improvement with these learning themes: knowledge of MRD, skills personalizing treatment, knowledge of AEs, skills managing AEs, skills using SDM.This analysis shows that online CME using multimedia formats can significantly improve the knowledge, skills, and confidence of hem/oncs in multiple areas related to best practices for treating patients with newly diagnosed or R/R MM. The impact on community-based hem/oncs was significant and closed large knowledge and skill gaps compared to their academic peers. Results also suggest the following areas warrant further education: case-based application of treatment options and AE management as well as best practices for individualizing treatment.Acknowledgements: Sukhbir Bahra contributed to data analysis for this research. These CME activities were supported by an independent educational grant from AbbVie, Bristol Myers Squibb, GlaxoSmithKline, Karyopharm Therapeutics, Oncopeptides, and Sanofi Genzyme.Reference: https://www.medscape.org/sites/advances/multiple-myeloma [Display omitted] DisclosuresKrishnan: BMS: Consultancy, Current equity holder in publicly-traded company, Speakers Bureau; MAGENTA: Consultancy; REGENERON: Consultancy; SANOFI: Consultancy; GSK: Consultancy; JANSSEN: Consultancy, Research Funding; City of Hope Cancer Center: Current Employment; Amgen: Speakers Bureau. Lonial: Takeda: Consultancy, Honoraria, Research Funding; Abbvie: Consultancy, Honoraria; TG Therapeutics: Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees; BMS/Celgene: Consultancy, Honoraria, Research Funding; AMGEN: Consultancy, Honoraria; GlaxoSmithKline: Consultancy, Honoraria, Research Funding; Janssen: Consultancy, Honoraria, Research Funding; Merck: Honoraria. Kurtin: Abbvie, Amgen, BMS, Incyte, Pharmacyclics, GSK, AstraZeneca, Takeda: Consultancy, Speakers Bureau. Mikhael: Janssen: Consultancy; Takeda: Consultancy; Sanofi: Consultancy; Karyopharm: Consultancy; Amgen: Consultancy; BMS: Consultancy; Oncopeptides: Consultancy; GSK: Consultancy. Landgren: Amgen: Honoraria; Janssen: Honoraria; Janssen: Research Funding; Janssen: Other: IDMC; Celgene: Research Funding; Amgen: Research Funding; Takeda: Other: IDMC; GSK: Honoraria.

Korean Women’s Knowledge Level and Social Perception toward Oral Contraceptives and Perspectives on Pharmacy Visits

Despite the high efficacy and ease of use of contraception, the rate of oral contraceptive use in the Republic of Korea remains low. This study aimed to investigate Korean women’s knowledge level and social perception toward oral contraceptives as well as their perspectives on pharmacy visits. This cross-sectional study was conducted as a 37-item online survey questionnaire on Korean women between the ages of 20 and 49. A total of 1,076 women participated in the study, and 52.0% of the participants have experienced taking oral contraceptives (“ever users”). Among oral contraceptive users, the most common reasons for taking oral contraceptives were menstrual cycle delay (67.6%) and contraception (44.7%). Regarding the social perception on oral contraceptives, single women felt more social prejudice and felt less comfortable talking about oral contraceptives compared with married women, and similar pattern was observed in younger women compared to older women. Oral contraceptive users had higher knowledge levels compared never users, but the knowledge of adverse events appeared to be low in all respondents. Ever users felt more comfortable with the pharmacy visit to purchase oral contraceptives, whereas never users felt more self-conscious of their surroundings. This study suggests that pharmacists play a significant role in oral contraceptive counseling for women, which should be conducted in a comfortable and private setting to ensure safe and effective use of oral contraceptives.

Antipsychotic medication side effects knowledge amongst registered mental health nurses in England: A national survey

WHAT IS KNOWN ON THE SUBJECT?: Research findings indicate the percentage of knowledge-related errors in medicines management is high, accounting for approximately 75% of all errors, with insufficient knowledge levels one of the most significant contributors of medication errors. Patients should be able to trust nurses to engage therapeutically and actively listen to their needs and concerns, responding using skills that are helpful, providing information that is clear, accurate, meaningful and free from jargon. However, without knowledge of pharmacology, it is impossible for nurses to be able to provide adequate advice. WHAT THE PAPER ADDS TO THE EXISTING KNOWLEDGE?: This study has examined an area that had not yet been systematically examined previously, which draws together previous research findings on mental health nurses' knowledge of adverse events, including side effects and medication errors, related to antipsychotic medication within NHS inpatient settings. WHAT ARE THE IMPLICATIONS FOR PRACTICE?: A recent study has found that almost three-quarters (73%) of patients taking antipsychotic medication reported side effects to some degree. This high number of people experiencing antipsychotic medication side effects is likely to compromise care, especially in situations where nurses have inadequate knowledge of side effects and are unable to provide effective advice to patients. The findings from this study allow the mental health nursing profession an opportunity to reflect on the best means to increase knowledge and increase patient safety awareness and benefits for mental health service users. ABSTRACT: Introduction Antipsychotic medications play a significant role in the treatment and recovery of people with several psychiatric disorders. However, research findings indicate mental health nurses are insufficiently knowledgeable about antipsychotic medication side effects. Aim To assess practising mental health nurses' knowledge of antipsychotic medication side effects using a Multiple-Choice Questionnaire (MCQ) across National Health Service (NHS) Trusts in England. Hypothesis Knowledge of antipsychotic medication side effects amongst registered mental health nurses is related to their academic qualification, clinical banding and length of experience. Method A national survey of registered mental health nurses was carried out using an online questionnaire which was disseminated by Research and Development departments. Results A total of 504 questionnaires were returned, 245 of which had full data and further analysed. The mean score for the sample was 14.4 and only 21 participants attained a mark of >80%. Implications for Practice Two out of three of our hypotheses (that length of experience and clinical banding are directly related to knowledge of antipsychotic medication side effects) were supported. Our study found many nurses have a suboptimal working knowledge of antipsychotic medication side effects which has the potential to compromise care. Strategies need to be put in place to enhance pharmacology knowledge.

Knowledge of adverse events following immunization, its prevalence and actions of mothers of children aged 0-23 months in a tertiary health institution in Jos, North Central Nigeria.

Background:Adverse Event Following Immunization (AEFI) is any unfavorable event occurring following vaccination related to the vaccine administration and or its handling. AEFI can lead to death or a life-threatening condition requiring hospitalization with or without permanent sequel. Hence, this study was conducted to determine the knowledge of AEFI among mothers of children aged 0–23 months, its prevalence and actions of mothers of following AEFIs.Methodology:This was a cross-sectional study conducted among 400 mothers of children aged 0–23 months between November 2017 and April 2018 using quantitative method of data collection. IBM SPSS version 20 was used for data analysis where chi square was used as a test of association a P-value of ≤ 0.05 considered statistically significant.Results:The mean age of the respondents in the study was 29.0 ±5.3 years with 222 (55.5%) demonstrating good knowledge of AEFI. The prevalence of AEFI was found to be 46.5% with fever as the most experienced AEFI accounting for 90.3% of all cases experienced followed by pain and swelling mentioned by 141 (75.8%) and 26 (14.0%) respectively. Only 26 (14.5) of the mothers were adjudged to have taken appropriate action following the experience of AEFI in their children. Appropriateness of actions taken by the mothers following the occurrence of AEFI was influenced by the mother’s employment status (COR= 3.84; 95% CI=1.366–10.575; P=0.007).Conclusion:This study has demonstrated a sub-optimal level of knowledge of AEFI among the mothers of children aged 0–23 months with a relatively high self-reported prevalence and poor level of appropriateness of actions taken following AEFI.

Vaccination status of people living with HIV/AIDS in outpatient care in Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil

Antiretroviral therapy has increased the survival of patients with HIV/AIDS, thus necessitating health promotion practice with immunization. Vaccines are critical components for protecting people living with HIV/AIDS (PLWHA). The purpose of study was to analyze the vaccination status of PLWHA in outpatient care in Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil. Cross-sectional study performed from June 2014 to June 2015. The screening was done with patients in antiretroviral therapy, 420 patients underwent screening, but only 99 met the inclusion criteria. Data were collected for interviews using forms to characterize sociodemographic, clinical and vaccination situations. Only 14 patients had complete vaccination schedules. The most used vaccines were hepatitis B, influenza vaccine and 23-valent pneumococcal. There was no difference between men and women regarding the proportion of PLWHA with full vaccination schedule or between sex, skin color, marital status, sexual orientation, religion or occupational status. There was no difference between having or not having a complete vaccination schedule and age, years of education, family income or number of hospitalizations. CD4+ T-cells count of patients with incomplete immunization was lower than patients with complete immunization. Health education strategies can be done individually or in groups to explain the importance of vaccination and to remind about doses to be administered. Most patients did not have proper adherence to vaccination schedules, especially due to lack of guidance. Results implied that education in health is important for vaccination adhesion, knowledge of adverse events and continuation of schemes.

Using patients’ experiences of adverse events to improve health service delivery and practice: protocol of a data linkage study of Australian adults age 45 and above

IntroductionEvidence of patients’ experiences is fundamental to creating effective health policy and service responses, yet is missing from our knowledge of adverse events. This protocol describes explorative research redressing this...

Women's knowledge of health effects of oral contraceptives in five Brazilian cities

BackgroundAlthough acceptability of combined oral contraceptives (COCs) is widespread, patients are often unaware of the noncontraceptive benefits. Study DesignAn opinion survey through telephone interview was conducted to evaluate the knowledge of 500 Brazilian women 15–45 years of age who were current users or had recently used COCs. Data were obtained on their knowledge of adverse events, the effects of COCs on health- and menstrual-related symptoms, noncontraceptive benefits and aspects related to sexual response. ResultsMost of the women interviewed learned about the pill from doctors or the Internet. Other than the pill, the best-known contraceptive methods were the condom and intrauterine device. The majority of women believe that COCs do not change the risk of gynecological cancers. Most believed that they had no significant effect on sexual response. ConclusionsCOCs users in Brazil lack precise information on aspects related to general health, particularly menstrual-related symptoms and noncontraceptive health benefits.

Addressing Parents’ Concerns About Childhood Immunizations: A Tutorial for Primary Care Providers

Despite the dangers of vaccine-preventable infections and efforts by health care professionals to promote immunization, parents' resistance to routine childhood immunizations continues to grow. This phenomenon can give rise to frustration among health care providers, as well as create barriers in providing medical care to children in need. In response, we developed a CD-ROM-based tutorial that (1) explains the nature and origins of parents' concerns, (2) addresses clinical implications of resistance to immunization, (3) explores ethical and professional obligations that physicians have toward children and their parents, and (4) discusses how physicians can effectively address parents' concerns. Our goals were to evaluate the tutorial's effectiveness in improving physicians' (1) general knowledge about parents' resistance to childhood immunizations, (2) knowledge of adverse effects of immunization, and (3) attitudes toward parents' resistance to childhood immunization. After pretesting, expert review, and revision, the 45-minute Penn State Immunization Project tutorial was pilot tested with pediatric and family medicine residents at 7 training programs in 4 states (Pennsylvania, New York, Maryland, and Iowa). Knowledge and attitudes were assessed by using a 26-item pretest/posttest, the results of which were then analyzed by using standard statistical methods. A total of 122 residents completed the pretest/posttest. Statistically and clinically significant improvements were seen in residents' general knowledge, knowledge of adverse events, and all 5 attitudinal measures regarding childhood immunizations. The tutorial Addressing Parents Concerns About Childhood Immunizations: A Tutorial for Primary Care Providers is effective in improving resident physicians' general knowledge, knowledge of adverse events, and attitudes. As such, this tutorial has the potential to enhance communication between parents and primary care providers and, more generally, improve clinicians' response to the growing resistance toward routine childhood immunizations.

Toxicogenomics and Cross-Species Biomarker Discovery: Applications in Drug Discovery and Safety Assessment

Toxicogenomics has evolved into a useful technique for providing greater mechanistic insights into adverse effects that will spur the development of novel approaches for identifying and understanding toxicity issues. The ability to capture a snapshot of the transcriptome at any given time during the development of an adverse phenotype allows unprecedented molecular views into the dynamic physiological changes that are occurring on either time or dose continuum for a toxicology study of interest advancing our basic knowledge of adverse events, and providing the necessary scientific framework for developing new strategies and tools for safety assessment programs. The development of an effective subset of cost effective devices for identifying toxicity earlier in the drug development process will help identify the most promising candidate compounds to move forward leading to a reduction in compound attrition due to toxicity. In addition, there is a need in the pharmaceutical industry to develop safety and efficacy biomarkers that are relevant to multiple species such as rat, dog, and human. Genomics provides an opportunity to discover novel cross-species biomarkers for identifying phenotypes such as liver fibrosis, especially if the biomarkers are tissue specific secreted proteins that can be monitored in the serum. This review includes an example of how databases from multiple species, in this case rat and human tissues, can be utilized to identify candidate cross-species diagnostic markers of hepatitis and fibrosis. This study illustrates a genomic approach for identifying candidate cross-species biomarkers of cirrhosis/fibrosis for humans and rats, and a previously known biomarker of fibrosis (APOA1) and a novel candidate biomarker of fibrosis, FETUB were identified. As more “omic” databases are built, a reservoir of molecular information will become available for toxicologist to gain more extensive views on the physiological alterations induced by adverse events, which will inevitably lead to the development of better tools for predicting, identifying, categorizing, and determining cross-species impact of the toxicity and ultimate provide a novel scientific scaffold for improving safety assessment protocols.