Kirov Region Research Articles

Experience in Applying Methodology for Archeological Heritage Sites Delimitation within the Settlements of Kirov and Nizhny Novgorod Regions in 2021-2022. Case Study

The paper is dedicated to methodology for archeological heritage sites delimitation within set- tlements. There are different options to justify borders of archeological heritage sites. These options are caused by significant difficulties in archeological field works in settlements. The difficulties arise due to a high level of economic development, which is represented by residential buildings and outbuildings, roads, pavements, amenities. The authors review how practice combines test-pitting, topographic situation analysis, use of historical and source maps in delimitating discovered archeological heritage sites in Nizhny Novgorod and Kirov Regions in 2021–2022. In particular, the paper describes the cases of discovery of Ancient Settlement Lvovka (1800s – early 1900s) in Lvovka, Bolsheboldinsky District, Nizhny Novgorod Region, Cultural Layer Site in the North-East of Bogorodskoe (1700s – early 1900s) in Bogorodsk, Bogorodsky District, Nizhny Novgorod Region, Cultural Layer Site at the southern edge of Diveyevo (1700s – early 1900s) in Diveyevo, Diveyevsky District, Nizhny Novgorod Region, Bogoslovskoe Cemetery of Khlynov-Vyatka (1700s – 1900s) in Kirov, Kirov Region, Ancient Settlement Pavlovo-4 in Pavlovo, Pavlovsky District, Nizhny Novgorod Region.

Support for the dairy subsector of the Agro-Industrial Complex (by the example of the Kirov Region)

The article examines the directions and prospects of regional support for the dairy subsector of the agro-industrial complex using the example of the Kirov region. The main focus is on the formation of a sustainable value chain of milk and dairy products aimed at processing the entire volume of raw milk produced in the region and exporting products to interregional markets with higher added value. Existing measures of state support are analyzed, the main problems are identified and recommendations are proposed for improving the system of regional support for the dairy subsector.

Employment and development levels in rural areas of the Russian Federation

The development of agro-industrial complex is important for ensuring national food security and national health. The development of rural areas is subject to the development of agriculture and local infrastructure, as well as the availability of various services. This study selected 15 indicators in 2021 to analyze the employment and development levels in rural areas of 71 regions of the Russian Federation using the analytical grouping method. The results indicated that 20 regions (Group 1) had the highest percentage of rural population (33.10%). The percentage of population engaged in agriculture had the highest value (12.40%) in 31 regions (Group 2). Moreover, 20 regions (Group 3) had the highest investments in fixed assets at the expense of municipal budget (11.80 USD/person). Increasing the investments in fixed assets carried out from the budget of the municipality can improve the employment level in rural areas. Then, we used cluster analysis to divide 14 regions of the Volga Federal District in the Russian Federation into 3 clusters. Cluster 1 covered Kirov Region and Republic of Mari El; Cluster 2 included Ulyanovsk Region, Saratov Region, Nizhny Novgorod Region, Perm Territory, Orenburg Region, Chuvash Region, and Republic of Mordovia; and Cluster 3 contained Republic of Tatarstan, Samara Region, Udmurtian Republic, Penza Region, and Republic of Bashkortostan. Results indicated that the 2 regions of Cluster 1 need to increase the availability of resources and natural gas and improve the investment attractiveness of rural areas. The 7 regions of Cluster 2 needed to develop infrastructure, public services, and agricultural production. We found the highest employment level in rural areas, the largest investments in fixed assets at the expense of municipal budget, the largest residential building area per 10,000 persons, and the largest individual residential building area in the 5 regions of Cluster 3. This study makes it possible to draw up a comprehensive regional development program and proves the need for the development of rural areas, which is especially important for the sustainable development of the Russian Federation.

Test results of new breeding potato hybrids in the conditions of the Volga-Vyatka region

In the period from 2016 to 2022 in the conditions of the Kirov region, an assessment of hybrid potato combinations was carried out according to the most important traits - high productivity and yield, marketable and consumer qualities of tubers. New potato hybrids bred by the Falenki Breeding Station – branch of the FARC North-East were used as the objects of the research: 6-17 (‘Gornyak’ x ‘Manifest’); 15-17 (428-05 x ‘Manifest’); 33-17 (132-07 x ‘Manifest’); 72-17 (‘Gornyak’בIrbitsky’); 78-17 (‘Udacha’ x 428-05); 120-17 (‘Utyonok’בReggi’); 25-16 (‘Kupalinka’ x 428-05). They were noted as the most promising ones according to the results of the research of 2016-2022. The medium-early ‘Nevsky’ cultivar approved for use in the Kirov region was used as a standard. According to the methodological guidelines of the potato breeding process, phenological observations, productivity assessment (on day 65), total and commercial yields were carried out in the nursery, and the chemical composition of tubers was determined. As a result, on average, over three years of testing for a complex of economically valuable traits, a promising breeding number 33-17 was identified – a significant excess of the total yield (29.9 t/ha) over the standard ‘Nevsky‘ cultivar was 14.6 t/ha. The tubers are oval with a red, slightly reticulated skin, the eyes are small, unpainted, the flesh is white. In addition, when evaluating the productive capabilities of potato hybrids, the coefficient of adaptability of breeding number 33-17 was 1.40, which makes it possible to recommend it for cultivation in this region in order to obtain stable yields.

Adaptability of winter rye cultivars by yield in the conditions of the Kirov region

The breeding of winter rye for adaptability is an important factor in increasing yield and stabilizing gross grain yields. The research was conducted in 2018–2023 in the central agroclimatic zone of the Kirov region. Thirteen cultivars of winter rye (Secale cereale L. var. vulgare Koern.) of the mid-late maturity group of different breeding periods (‘Falenskaya 4’ as standard) were studied in the nursery of competitive variety testing. Based on the “yield” trait, the parameters of the general adaptive ability of the cultivar (GAAi), stability (σ2SAAi), breeding value of the genotype, and responsiveness of the genotype to changes in environmental conditions (bi) were determined using the method of A. V. Kilchevsky and L. V. Khotyleva. The "year" factor had the greatest influence on the “yield” trait (the influence of factor hx2 = 60 %). With high winter hardiness (4.7 points) and plant regeneration (89 %), the yield of winter rye is associated with the amount of precipitation during the resumption of vegetation in April (r = -0.92), as well as during the period “seedlings-autumn tillering” and the “earing” phase (r = 0.55). According to the yield, the ‘Grafinya’ (5.09 t/ha) and ‘Lika’ (5.07 t/ha) cultivars were distinguished with a significant increase to the standard of 0.40 t/ha and 0.38 t/ha, respectively (LSD05 = 0.24 t/ha). The ‘Grafinya’, ‘Lika’, ‘Batist’, and ‘Perepel’ cultivars had a high general adaptive ability (GAAi = 0.23–0.51). Cultivars of late breeding periods were characterized by a higher general adaptive ability (GAAi = 0.09–0.51) compared to previously created cultivars (GAAi = -0.61…0.01). The cultivars ‘Vyatka 2’,’Kiprez’, ‘Kirovskaya 89’, ‘Sadko’, ‘Grafinya’, ‘Batist’, ‘Rushnik’, ‘Perepel’ were distinguished by high stability of the "yield" trait (σ2SAA = 0.50–0.73). The lowest stability indicators were found in the cultivars ‘Flora’, ‘Lika’, ‘Talitsa’ (σ2SAA = 1.13–1.35). The cultivars ‘Flora’, ‘Lika’, ‘Talitsa’, ‘Falenskaya 4’, ‘Perepel’, ‘Rushnik’ were highly responsive to improving growing conditions (bi = 1.1–1.4). The cultivar ‘Grafinya’ combined high yield and stability (selection value of the genotype 2.9).

Effect of TopDressing on Chlorophyll Content in Barley Leaves and Its Relation to Grain Quality Parameters

The effect of top-dressing at tillage phase by Polydon® Amino Start organomineral fertilizer and KAS-28 liquid mineral fertilizer on the state of the leaf pigment complex of spring barley cv. Novichok, Rodnik Prikamya and Pamyati Rodinoy and its relationship with grain quality parameters was studied under field conditions of the Kirov region of the Russian Federation in 2020–2022. Significant effect of top-dress treatments on pigment content in the flag and second leaves was revealed. The use of top-dressing with KAS-28 enhanced the association of grain quality parameters with the chlorophyll pigment content of the two upper leaves compared to the control variant. The effect of Amino Start was not uniform: some of the connections were somewhat weakened compared to the control, some intensified, and some became statistically significant. The total content of chlorophyll correlated with the content of cellulose and fat in the grain in all treatments. Compared to controls, the use of top-dress treatments altered the effectiveness of using of photoassimilates of both leaves for cellulose and fat synthesis. The obtained data indicate the possibility of predicting the content of the main parameters of spring barley’s grain quality by the content of chlorophyll pigments in flag or second leaves of plants during the flowering phase.

The attitude of the Tatars of the Kirov region (Russia) to religious rites

In modern Russia, much attention is paid to the preservation of cultural traditions of different peoples and faiths, but at the same time many aspects remain undisclosed in research. A rich material for study exists in the multiethnic and multicultural Kirov region. Tatars occupy the second largest population in the region and have their own rich cultural traditions based on Islam and influencing the culture of the region. The purpose of the research is to study the attitude of Tatars to religious rituals on the example of the Kirov region. To achieve this goal, ethnosociological expeditions were undertaken in 2018-2023 to the Malmyzhsky and Kilmezsky districts of the Kirov region as one of the most representative areas where the Tatar population lives. Within the framework of the expeditions, methods of included observation were used, as well as interviews in the form of interviews. As a result, the attitude of the Tatars towards such religious ceremonial as the obligatory observance of prayer, marriage (nikyah), the prohibition on eating pork, as well as the special position of women was revealed. As the study showed, Tatars in the Kirov region do not have a canonical manifestation of the foundations of Islam, but a folk faith characterized by a simplified perception of these foundations: not all Tatars observe the fivefold prayer, some of them also eat pork. It remains important for the Tatar population to observe the nikyah rite at marriage, but at the same time there is a relaxation in choosing a partner – he can be of any nationality, but must be a Muslim or convert to Islam. There are certain changes in the situation of women: there are no restrictions on their rights and freedoms, and not all Muslim women adhere to a strict and closed style of dress. In addition, the Tatars' desire to combine the traditional way of life with the modern dominant culture, as well as with other national cultures of the region ("neighborly mutual assistance", holding various festivals of traditional cultures, assimilation of Tatars) was revealed. It was concluded that the attitude towards traditional confessional rituals in the Tatar community is softened and does not imply strictness in observance. The results of the study are useful for building intercultural communications between various stakeholders (government, business, non-profit organizations).

Сравнительная экологическая оценка техногенного воздействия на воздушный бассейн территории Кировской области

The materials of federal and regional reports on the state of the environment, and control and monitoring data of the Ministry of Environmental Protection of the Kirov region, as well as on the results of scientific studies of the atmospheric air state were analyzed. Based on the analysis the comparative assessment of the atmospheric air state was carried out using the example of the Kirov Region territory as part of the Volga Federal District. The main sources of air emissions and their quantitative characteristics are noted. Despite the fact that recently the vehicle fleet has increased significantly, the stationary sources of air pollution are the main in the regions of the Volga Federal District. In a number of urban agglomerations emissions from stationary sources are inferior to mobile sources of pollution. This is confirmed by the results of the rating of the Volga Federal District regions by the total volume of atmospheric emissions from all sources of pollution for the period from 2019 to 2023. The highest quantity of air pollutant emissions is observed throughout the entire period in regions with high developed chemical, petrochemical, mining, and mechanical engineering industries. This primarily concerns the Republic of Bashkortostan, the Perm Territory, the Orenburg region and the Republic of Tatarstan. While the Chuvash and Mordovian Republics, the Republic of Mari El, the Penza, Ulyanovsk, and Kirov regions are characterized by a significantly smaller contribution of air pollutant emissions and consistently occupy a leading position in these indicators. For a number of years, the territory of the Kirov region has been consistently ranked 6th in terms of total atmospheric emissions. The results of environmental control and monitoring, and conducted scientific research indicate that the main technogenic load on the atmospheric air in the Kirov region falls on the regional center – the city of Kirov and industrially developed areas of the region: Kirovo-Chepetsky, Vyatsko-Polyansky, Omutninsky, Belokholunitsky districts. Areas with local areas of contamination are identified in each of the above.

Геохимическая характеристика озера Чваниха, памятника природы Кировской области

The article presents characteristics of the abiotic components (water and bottom sediments) of the karst Lake Chvanikha. The lake is located in the Nolinsky district of the Kirov region and has the status of the hydrological natural monument of regional significance. The results are based on precision analytic data (obtained by ICP-MS, X-ray fluorescence analysis, chemical methods, photometry, etc.) and on thermodynamic calculations (Visual-MINTEQ. ver. 3.1). The composition of the waters indirectly indicates to the development of carbonate karst (mainly the dissolution of dolomite) in the upper rock strata at the base of the lake basin and to the presence of minor gypsum interlayers at depth. The concentrations of dissolved forms of trace elements do not exceed the MPCs of harmful substances in the waters of fishery basins and generally corresponds to the average contents in the rivers of the world. The base forms of trace elements in water are their free ions (for Sr, Ba, Fe, Mn, Zn, Ni, Co, Cd) and carbonate complexes (for Pb and Cu). The bottom sediments are represented of fine quartz sands, which overlap the karst rocks. In the absence of a significant technogenic impact, the poor grade of sand’s ferruginization determines low contents of potential pollutants (Cu, Zn, Pb, Cd, As, Mo, Ni, Cr, V), typical for quartz sands.

Efficiency of using the "Meadow of Health" feed table cover

The results of using the polymer cover of the feed table "Meadow of Health" in comparison with the concrete feed table are presented. The research was carried out in the conditions of the dairy livestock complex of the Kirov region on milk cows of the Black-and-White Holstein breed during the lactation period. Concrete feed tables for cows during the lactation stabilization period at the time of carrying out had average wear, while the cover of the feed table "Meadow of Health" remained smooth and even for 6 months. The study of microbial contamination of feed table covers showed, that already one month after the beginning of the experiment, the number of microbial cells was 54.7% lower (p < 0.05) in the 1st experimental group, where the "Meadow of Health" cover was used, compared to the concrete table. The amount of uneaten feed residues on the feed tables with the "Meadow of Health" cover was less in comparison with the concrete feed table (p < 0.05), which indicates better palatability of forage mixture from this cover. When transferring cows from polymer cover to concrete from the 2nd month of lactation, a decrease in average daily milk yields by 0.9 kg was observed. By the 4th month of lactation, the reduction in milk yield was 4.8 kg of milk per head per day. When transferring cows from a concrete feed table to a polymer one, there was an increase in milk productivity by 0.4–1.3 kg per head/day. In the first 3 months, the consumption of feed from a polymer-coated table increased by 2.3–5.6% compared to the concrete one. During 5 months of lactation, cows from the cover of the feed table "Meadow of Health" ate feed by 6.8–8.6% more than from concrete, which led to greater productivity of the animals during the analyzed period. The use of the polymer cover of the feed table "Meadow of Health" allowed to get additional profit in the amount of 20,460 rubles and recoup the costs of its installation already on the 39th day of use.

Developing a method for diagnosing the level of the Kirov Region social and economic development within the Volga Federal District of the Russian Federation

The authors have set the task to assess the socio-economic development level of the Kirov Region. The Volga Federal District has been chosen as the base of comparison. The key problems of the Russian constituent entities territorial development have been analyzed, and the authors’ methods of characterizing the regional social and economic development level published in early scientific works studied. The order of calculating normative values for selected indicators used to assess the Volga Federal District regions has been given. The diagnostic procedure has been carried out to characterize the Kirov Region social and economic development level in comparison with other district entities in the context of the economic development pace and the regional development overall level. Based on the analysis, the initial hypothesis of the study has been confirmed, and conclusions drawn about the general lag of the region from the federal district, while higher rates of its development in comparison with other regions of the Volga Federal District noted. The study results application scope consists in its further use within the framework of scientific works on asses–sing economic development of other district entities, as well as the used methodology application for other entities. The conclusion formulates further direction for improving the diagnostics of the Kirov Region social and economic development level and names specific steps to detail and clarify the future study results.

The Role of Remote Sensing Data in Assessing Human Impact on the Environment

The article focuses on the application of remote sensing methods to assess the impact of human activities on the environment. Emphasis is placed on the need to accurately monitor anthropogenic impacts, such as deforestation and water pollution, to maintain environmental balance. The Materials and Methods section describes passive and active sensing methods, including infrared imaging, radar sensing, and laser scanning. Passive sensing analyzes the spectral characteristics of objects, which is useful for monitoring vegetation changes, while radar sensing can detect oil spills even in adverse weather conditions. Laser sensing is used for precise measurement of terrain changes. The Results and Discussion section provides examples of practical application of these methods: analysis of deforestation in the Kirov region using Landsat 8 and 9 satellite data, and investigation of an oil spill in Novorossiysk using radar images from the Sentinel-1 satellite. These examples demonstrate the effectiveness of remote sensing for monitoring changes and identifying the negative consequences of human activities. The conclusion highlights the importance of remote sensing as a powerful tool for environmental research and monitoring.

Estimation of adaptability parameters of collection hulled oats varieties according to productivity in the Kirov region

The current paper has presented the study results conducted on the experimental plot of the Falenskaya breeding station of the branch of the FSBI FANC of the North-East in 2021–2023. The purpose of the study was to evaluate the collection hulled oat varieties according to grain productivity and adaptability parameters in the soil and climatic conditions of the Kirov region. The materials for the study were 9 collection oat varieties and the standard variety ‘Krechet’. According to the trait ‘productivity’, there have been estimated adaptability parameters. During the testing years, the studied variety samples differed significantly in productivity variability (V = 16.8–30.0 %). The factor ‘year’ had the greatest effect on the formation of oat yields (90.3 %). In the arid year of 2021, the varieties’ productivity was low (276–401 g/m2), with a negative index of environmental conditions (Ij = -163), in the most favorable year of 2022, it was 463–682 g/m2 and Ij = 104, respectively. The variety samples ‘k-3967 0144’ (-190 g/m2) and ‘15584 Mutant 258’ (-214 g/m2) were characterized by high stress resistance. High genetic flexibility of mean productivity under contrasting conditions was established in the variety samples ‘15472 Sumphony’ (504 g/m2), ‘k-3967 0144’ (496 g/m2) and ‘15340 Uran’ (487 g/m2). There have been identified such gene sources as plastic ‘k-3967 0144’, ‘15472 Sumphony’, ‘15340 Uran’, ‘k-3951 0146’, ‘k-3954 0149’ (IEP = 1.13–1.0), and with high stability of the trait ‘productivity’ ‘k-3967 0144’, ‘15584 Mutant 258’, ‘k-3954 0149’ (SF = 1.47–1.78). Low variability and high homeostaticity were found in the variety samples ‘k-3967 0144’, ‘15584 Mutant 258’, ‘k-3954 0149’ (V = 16.8–22.8 %; Hom = 31.31–20.75) with a high stability index (Is = 5.95–4.38). The adaptability coefficient has confirmed the high adaptability of variety samples ‘k-3967 0144’, ‘15472 Sumphony’ and ‘15340 Uran’ (KA =112.3–108 %). In adaptive breeding for further work, the varieties ‘k-3967 0144’, ‘15584 Mutant 258’, ‘k-3954 0149’, ‘15472 Sumphony’, ‘15340 Uran’ are of great interest, since they are the most adaptive in terms of the sum of ranks. Based on a comprehensive estimation of productivity and adaptability parameters, ‘k-3967 0144’ was recognized as the best variety sample, which can give a large mean productivity (526 g/m2) in changing weather conditions.

A model of management of methodological activity of a reference school based on the identification potential of a regional system for assessing the quality of education

Introduction. One of the conditions for improvement the quality of students' educational results is considered the improving the quality of human resources, as well as the arranging of methodological activities taking into account the analysis of educational results of students. It becomes important to search for to improve the quality of education in reference schools, which become the center of the methodical activities of this school district, and it is organized according to the principle of concentration and interchangeability of resources. The purpose of the research is to develop and to justify the model of management methodological activities of the reference school, aimed at filling the professional deficits of teaching staff of the school district, based on the identification potential of the regional system for assessing the quality of general education. Materials and methods. The study involved teaching staff of 10 reference schools and school districts, including 66 rural educational organizations of the Kirov region (Russia). The following methods were used: theoretical analysis, modeling, experimental work, statistical criterion of χ2 -Pearson. The measuring tools are: an author's questionnaire by the type of academic heading to identify the level of methodological competence of the teacher and the tasks of the All-Russian verification works on the Russian language and mathematics for schoolchildren. Results. A connection has been established between 6 functions of the methodological activity of the reference school and 7 components of the identification potential of the regional educational quality assessment system. The effectiveness of the construction of the methodological activity of the reference school based on the developed model through the fixation of facts is empirically substantiated: a) using descriptive statistics (in the experimental group, the proportion of teachers with a sufficient level of methodological competence increased (Russian ‒ from 32% to 77%, mathematics ‒ from 37% to 81%). 23% of Russian language teachers and 19% of mathematics teachers of the experimental group had a high level of methodological competence at the control stage, which was not revealed at the ascertaining stage); b) using evidence-based statistics: application of the χ2 -Pearson statistical criterion. After conducting experimental work, the significance of the differences between the experimental and control groups in terms of methodological competence is χ2 = 74.465 for teachers of the Russian language and χ2 = 58.329 for teachers of mathematics.This indicates a statistically significant positive shift in the development of methodological competence of teachers in the experimental group. Conclusion. The quality of students' academic results is largely determined by the quality of the methodological work organized in the reference school. An effective resource for improving the quality of learning outcomes is the identification potential of the regional educational quality assessment system and the management of methodological activities in the school district based on it.

Immunological structure and yield of winter rye varieties bred by the Federal Agricultural Research Center of the North-East named N. V. Rudnitsky

The study was carried out in the conditions of Kirov region in 2019–2023. Against provocative and infectious backgrounds of snow mold, root rot, ergot, powdery mildew, leaf and stem rust, the immunological state and yield of 15 varieties of winter rye created over a 73-year period were studied. Taking into account the breeding methods, the source material used and the year of creation, they were conditionally distributed over five successive periods of breeding and variety change: I – Vyatka 2, Kirovskaya 89; II – Falenskaya 4, Snezhana, Rushnik; III – Flora, Grafinya, Batist; IV – Lika, Talitsa; V – Symphoniya, Garmoniya, Graphit, Graphit FP, Perepel. When recording diseases, well-known methods were used. Research has shown that as a result of breeding, on artificial infectious backgrounds newly created varieties showed a decrease in the development of root rot (Flora, Perepel, Garmoniya – degree of damage 14.6, 15.5 and 15.0 %) and ergot (Flora, Grafinya, Batist, Lika, Symphoniya, Graphit FP, Garmoniya – damage 11.4...15.9 %), grain contamination with sclerotia – 0.38...1.84 %. In varieties of the I period of breeding the degree of root rot infection was 18.8 %, ergot infection – 31.7 %. There is no progress in breeding for resistance to powdery mildew and rust types. The most productive varieties are Lika and Batist (769.3 and 738.7 g/m2), which significantly exceed the Falenskaya 4 standard (578.8 g/m2). A close and significant dependence (p ≥ 095) was revealed between the yield of winter rye varieties and regrowth of plants after snow mold infection (r = 0.693...0.830) as well as grain contamination with sclerotia (r = -0.531...-0.712). The relationship between the yield of winter rye and the development of other studied diseases is insignificant and weak. Considering the high harmfulness of snow mold and ergot in the research region, it is necessary to continue to carry out breeding improvement of varieties for these characteristics, as well as to increase resistance to powdery mildew and types of rust.

Об особенностях экзистенциальной исполненности мужчин, осужденных за преступления насильственного характера

the article presents a study on the peculiarities of the degree of existential fulfillment in men convicted of violent crimes. The relevance of the study is confirmed by the low level of study of this issue, as well as due to the increasing number of violent crimes. Thus, the increase in the number of recidivism due to this fact of committing crimes is related to the degree of existential fulfillment, that is, unwillingness to take responsibility for their actions and non-acceptance of themselves by convicts as individuals. The article also reflects the personality characteristics of those convicted of violent crimes, which differ in the presence of special criminally negative properties and personality qualities. The personality of a criminal is defined by researchers as a set of socially significant negative properties. These properties are formed in the process of long-term interaction with other people. Personality also includes a set of criminalized properties and qualities. In order to study existential fulfillment, we have identified the object of research – existential fulfillment. The subject of the research conducted by the researchers identified the features of existential fulfillment in men convicted of violent crimes. The empirical base of the study was collected on the basis of the high-security penal colony of the Federal Penitentiary Institution IK-3 of the Federal Penitentiary Service of Russia in the Kirov region. The sample of the study is presented in the number of 60 convicts. The age of the convicts is 18-40 years old inclusive. According to the results of the study, the features of the existential fulfillment of convicted men of the studied category were noted, and the uniqueness of the use of art therapeutic methods in working with this category of persons was noted. The article also indicates the reasons why the existential fulfillment of convicts has correspondingly low values. Thus, the result obtained indicates the existing lifestyle of the convicts. As noted in the study, the formed lifestyle can be influenced by uncertainty in decision-making, as well as uncertainty in an "existential place". A special role is played by conducting planned and comprehensive psychological correction and educational work with this category of convicts.

Description of the linear features of the exterior of the first –calfs of different origin

In our country, a linear assessment of the exterior of animals is becoming increasingly widespread, which allows us to objectively assess the influence of the producer bull on the change in the most important exterior features that ensure the se-verity of the dairy type while maintaining high productivity and intensity of use in the herd. This ensures the ranking of animals by body type and helps to accelerate the genetic progress of productivity. In this regard, the introduction of a linear assessment of the daughters of breeding bulls in the herd of a breeding plant is relevant. We conducted research aimed at studying and analyzing the signs of a linear description of the exterior of the first-calf cows of the daughters of Holstein bulls and identifying the most common exterior flaws in one of the breeding plants of the Kirov region. The analysis of the data showed that the evaluated first-calf cows of different origins are characterized by exterior features: average height, body of medium depth, strong physique, pronounced dairy type. The most common disadvantages of the exterior of the examined heifer cows are: interception of the shoulder blades (25.6%), asymmetry of the udder lobes (23.0%), weak headstock (15.4%).

Socio-cultural origins of beer naming in the Kirov region

Russia in its history has experienced completely different attitudes of the population towards alcohol consumption and, at times, diametrically opposite approaches of the state to its regulation: from dry laws to widespread encouragement, from the northern type of alcohol consumption (dominance of strong drinks) to the southern type (dominance of low-alcohol drinks). In this sense, today we are experiencing a unique situation: in modern Russia, beer (a low-alcohol drink) is taking the lead in the alcoholic beverage market. Beer is again becoming, in fact, a people's drink. This circumstance makes interesting and relevant the question of studying beer consumption in the historical context. How has the consumption of alcohol in the past influenced its consumption today? Is there any cultural connection between the eras? Or is today's beer culture starting from scratch? We have tried to answer these questions by studying modern beer naming.
 In this article the socio-cultural origins of modern beer names are analysed on the example of draught beer shops in the city of Kirov. The names are analysed in the context of successive major Russian historical epochs. The study was conducted using a content analysis method of three hundred and seventy beer names collected by the authors in the first half of 2023 in twenty-two beer shops in the city. Three strategies used for naming beer were identified: pre-revolutionary (these names are closely related to the names of varieties from various Western European countries), Soviet (built on the negation of the pre-revolutionary strategy, based on the development of new, unique names) and post-Soviet (modern names that do not correlate with either the pre-revolutionary or Soviet strategy). The study revealed that the most popular strategies are pre-revolutionary and post-Soviet (38 per cent each of all names considered), while the least popular is the Soviet strategy (24 per cent of all names considered). In addition, the coefficient of uniqueness of the strategy used is introduced, which allows us to understand how diverse the use of a particular strategy in sales is. It is shown that pre-revolutionary and post-Soviet beer naming strategies are most often used in beer sales, while the Soviet strategy is the least popular, which indicates the special characteristics of the beer consumer community.

K.E. Ciolkovskij v Vyatke

The article on the formation of the personality of K.E. Tsiolkovsky, based on the materials of the Central State Archive of the Kirov region, examined the problems of the life and work of an outstanding scientist associated with his staying in Vyatka in 1868-1873 and 1876-1878. The memories of K.E. Tsiolkovsky are also analyzed and the attention is paid to the influence of a family on the personality of a scientist in the research.

Development of coordination abilities in children aged 9-10 years with a diagnosis of myopia

Objective The objective is to increase the level of coordination abilities of schoolchildren diagnosed with myopia.
 Methods The study was conducted in the period from September 2022 to June 2023 at secondary school number 13 in the Kirov region. A group (n=21) of 4th grade students was formed to conduct a pedagogical experiment. These are boys and girls aged 10-11 years with a mild degree of myopia (up to 3 diopters) – myopia of the first degree. The level of development of coordination abilities was determined by a 3x10 meter Shuttle run, a long jump from a place with the right and left sides, Balance on 1 leg and Dynamic coordination of movements. The Student’s T-Test was the main method of mathematical statistics.
 Results After the end of the pedagogical experiment, the performance of children from the experimental group improved in all indicators. In the shuttle run test, the indicators became higher from 9.36±0.16 to 8.72±0.09 (p<0.05), an increase of 6.8%. The long jump with the right side increased by 10.4% (p<0.05), and with the left side by 7.3% (p<0.05). In the balance on one leg test, the indicators became 13.3% higher (p<0.05), and in the dynamic coordination test, the indicators improved from 8.83±0.89 to 10.05±0.16 (p<0.05), the increase in indicators was 13.8%.
 Conclusion The results obtained allow us to conclude that our proposed method of using general developmental exercises with objects as a means of developing coordination abilities in children 9-10 years old diagnosed with myopia is effective, which is achieved through regular use of exercises in physical education lessons, as well as by stabilizing the course of myopia during the school day.
 Bangladesh Journal of Medical Science Vol. 23 No. 02 April’24 Page : 507-513