Kinds Of Varieties Research Articles

Analysis of the Cost Efficiency of Using Feed with Different Types of Feed and Ducks

This study examined how cost-effective it was to raise three distinct kinds of ducks using three different types of feed. The results of this study should help researchers and the general public, particularly breeders, by supplying information on the kinds of feed and duck varieties that are more cost-effective in duck farming. Three distinct types of feed and three distinct breeds of ducks were used in this investigation. The study used an experimental design with a factorial pattern (3 x 3) and a completely randomized design (CRD), with three replications made up of two components with the codes factor A and factor B. A1 (feed BR1), A2 (feed PP3), and A3 (feed mix) make up factor A, which is the type of feed. Duck types comprise factor B, which includes B1 (Peking duck), B2 (Mojosari duck), and B3 (MA duck). The factors that were observed were feed cost per gain (FCG), economic efficiency of ration usage (EEPP), and efficient use of rations (FE). The acquired data were subjected to variance analysis (ANOVA), and the Duncan multiple range test (DMRT) was used to determine how the treatments differed. The study indicated that variables A and B did not interact in treatments. Regarding the cost-effectiveness of using feed, factor A had a highly significant effect (P > 0.01). However, factor B had no discernible impact. This study concludes that the PP3 type of ration, which uses the more efficient Peking duck, has the best cost-efficiency when using rations. Based on the study findings, the recommendation is to employ Peking ducks fed PP3 diets to raise broiler ducks to their maximum body weight while minimizing ration expenses.

Strategic approach under ICT for farmer empowerment

In spite of successful research on new agricultural practises concerning crop cultivation majority of farmers not getting upper bound yields due to several reasons. Therefore there is a need to propose a cost effective frame work for a agricultural information dissemination system to disseminate expert agricultural knowledge to the farming community in order to improve crop productivity. It aims to provide expert advice which is crucial to the Indian farmer to harvest different kinds of crop varieties based on the demand in the world market. According to above instruction establish the relationship between the information technology and computer related services with the farmers who are working hard in their farm.

Respon Pertumbuhan Bibit Dua Varietas Tanaman Tebu (Saccharum Officinarum L.) Pada Beberapa Letak Mata Tunas Asal Bud Set Di Media Pottray

Sugarcane (Saccharum Officiarum L.) is a plant with high economic value, especially in developing countries with tropical climates such as Indonesia, because of the high sugar content in the stems. Preparation of seeds and determination of specific location superior varieties is one of the determining factors for the success of sugarcane cultivation. This research was conducted to determine the effect of bud location from bud set and several varieties on the growth of sugarcane seedlings. The research was conducted from July to December 2022, at the Jember State Polytechnic nursery using a two-factor Randomized Group Design (RAKF). The results showed that good germination growth came from the location of the scion buds. The location of the buds has a significant effect on the parameters of the number of leaves and the number of tillers. Kinds of sugarcane varieties had a significant effect on plant height (cm), number of leaves, number of tillers. The VMC 76-16 variety was the best for the number of leaves and plant height parameters, while the GMP 04 variety was the best for the number of tillers. The interaction of the effect of the location of the bud buds from the bud set and the variety of varieties had a significant effect on height growth (cm) at the age of 28 and 42 days after planting. The results of this study can be concluded that the location of the bud eye and the type of variety have a significant effect on the growth of sugarcane plants and there is a significant interaction on the plant height parameter.

Characterization of projective varieties beyond varieties of minimal degree and del Pezzo varieties

Varieties of minimal degree and del Pezzo varieties are basic objects in projective algebraic geometry. Those varieties have been characterized and classified for a long time in many aspects. Motivated by the question “which varieties are the most basic and simplest except the above two kinds of varieties in view of geometry and syzygies?”, we give an upper bound of the graded Betti numbers in the quadratic strand and characterize the extremal cases.The extremal varieties of dimension n, codimension e, and degree d are exactly characterized by the following two types:(i)Varieties with d=e+2, depthX=n, and Green-Lazarsfeld index a(X)=0,(ii)Arithmetically Cohen-Macaulay varieties with d=e+3. This is a generalization of G. Castelnuovo, G. Fano, and E. Park's results on the number of quadrics and an extension of the characterizations of varieties of minimal degree and del Pezzo varieties in view of linear syzygies of quadrics due to K. Han and S. Kwak ([6,8,30,16]).In addition, we show that every variety X that belongs to (i) or (ii) is always contained in a unique rational normal scroll Y as a divisor. Also, we describe the divisor class of X in Y.

Robust Twin Bounded Support Vector Classifier With Manifold Regularization.

Support vector machine (SVM), as a supervised learning method, has different kinds of varieties with significant performance. In recent years, more research focused on nonparallel SVM, where twin SVM (TWSVM) is the typical one. In order to reduce the influence of outliers, more robust distance measurements are considered in these methods, but the discriminability of the models is neglected. In this article, we propose robust manifold twin bounded SVM (RMTBSVM), which considers both robustness and discriminability. Specifically, a novel norm, that is, capped L₁-norm, is used as the distance metric for robustness, and a robust manifold regularization is added to further improve the robustness and classification performance. In addition, we also use the kernel method to extend the proposed RMTBSVM for nonlinear classification. We introduce the optimization problems of the proposed model. Subsequently, effective algorithms for both linear and nonlinear cases are proposed and proved to be convergent. Moreover, the experiments are conducted to verify the effectiveness of our model. Compared with other methods under the SVM framework, the proposed RMTBSVM shows better classification accuracy and robustness.

E-series of character varieties of non-orientable surfaces

In this paper we are interested in two kinds of (stacky) character varieties associated to a compact non-orientable surface. (A) We consider the quotient stack of the space of representations of the fundamental group of this surface to GL(n). (B) We choose a set of k-punctures on the surface and a generic k-tuple of semisimple conjugacy classes of GL(n), and we consider the stack of anti-invariant local systems on the orientation cover of the surface with local monodromies around the punctures given by the prescribed conjugacy classes. We compute the number of points of these spaces over finite fields from which we get a formula for their E-series (a certain specialization of the mixed Poincare series). In case (B) we give a conjectural formula for the full mixed Poincare series.

Exploring the Relationship between Genomic Variation and Phenotype in Ornamental Pomegranate: A Study of Single and Double-Petal Varieties

The double-petal varieties of ornamental pomegranate have higher ornamental value and garden development potential than the single-petal varieties but there has been no study on the genomic variation between them. This study aimed to determine the genomic variation between the two kinds of varieties and the relationship between the variation and phenotype by identifying the DNA variation of three single-petal varieties and three double-petal varieties using re-sequencing technology. The results showed that the variation number of each variety was in the order of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) > insertions and deletions (InDels) > structural variations (SVs) > copy number variations (CNVs). The number of SNPs and InDels in the double-petal varieties was significantly higher than that in the single-petal varieties, and there was no significant difference in the number of SVs and CNVs. The number of non-synonymous SNPs in the coding region (Nonsyn_CDS_SNPs) and InDels with a 3X length in the coding region (3X_shiftMutation_CDS_InDel) was significantly higher in the double-petal varieties than that in the single-petal varieties. The number of the two variants was strongly positively correlated with each morphological index that was related to the phenotypic difference between the two varieties. Nonsyn_CDS_SNPs and 3X_shiftMutation_CDS_InDel were enriched in the cell membrane system, cell periphery, and signal transduction, from which 15 candidate genes were screened. Our results provide genomic data for the study of the formation mechanism of the double-petal flower and lay a theoretical foundation for new variety breeding of ornamental pomegranate.

The Effect of Seed Age and Variety Types on the Growth and Production of Tomato (Solanum Lycopersicum L.) Hydroponic Systems

The research aims to determine the effect of seed age and variety types on the growth and production of tomato plants (Solanum lycopersicum L.) with hydroponic systems. This research was conducted with factorial treatment and environmental design Completely Randomized Design (CRD) consisting of 2 factors. Factor I: The age of the seedlings (B) and Factor II. Kinds of varieties (V). The conclusion was that there was an interaction between the age of the seedlings and the variety of varieties in the observation variable for the increase in the number of leaves 28 day in the B2V1 treatment with an average yield of 15.00 leaves.

Analysis of the main effect clustering and decision-making coefficients for F2 generation of upland cotton in Southern Xinjiang

Yield and fibre quality traits respectively accounting for 4 and 5 of their 278 varieties (lines) and their 784 F2 crosses of upland cotton were for their additive and dominance effects by a genetic model comprising additive, dominance and their interaction effects with the environment in two years of Alar, South Xinjiang, People’s Republic of China. Based on the additive and dominance effects, all varieties were clustered using cluster analysis of the R software package.Then, the decision-making coefficient of F2 was analyzed. Results indicated that under the high-density planting mode of "low plant growth (plant height: 0.8–1.0 m), high density (225,000–300,000/hm−2), early ripe and film cover" in Southern Xinjiang Province, the additive effects of 278 parents were divided into fourteen groups. The average additive effects of yield and fibre quality traits of 21 varieties (lines) in the fourth group were at a good level. Obtain offspring was easy with both yield (except Lint percentage) and fibre quality traits by crossing between these varieties (lines). The fifth group had a better average additive effect on fibre quality traits, whilst the tenth group had a higher average additive effect on yield traits. The progeny with complementary yield and fibre quality traits could be obtained by crossing these two kinds of varieties. The dominance effects of 278 parents were divided into thirteen groups. The fourth group included 33 varieties (lines) that yield traits, and fibre quality traits (except lint percentage)were all at a better average level in dominance effect, which could be used as parents for hybrid utilisation of both yield traits and fibre quality traits. The average dominance effect of yield traits was higher in the first group, and the average value of dominance effect of fibre quality traits in the twelfth group was high. Results indicated the order of significant relationships of dominance effect, the decision-making traits of lint percentage to lint yield, length and micronaire. The decision-making traits of strength was length. The main decisive traits and restricted traits for improving the yield and fibre quality of upland cotton were also determined.

A linguistic study of English double negation and its realization in Arabic

The studies on multiple negation have been conducted intensively in linguistics, but very few studies have focused on multiple negation in Modern Standard Arabic (MSA). Although multiple negation appears in informal varieties, researchers find it an important topic for research. First, as linguists, we believe that all kinds of language varieties are worth studying. Second, the complexity of the structure of multiple negation raises queries about the difficulties that Arab students will encounter when they attempt to translate them from English to MSA. Our study focuses on double negation (DN) because, unlike other types of multiple negation, it yields a positive interpretation. This paper begins with a review of studies on multiple negation in English, MSA, and other languages, using a framework of generative grammar and the minimalist program. We then report on our empirical study of 60 randomly selected Arab students of English who were asked to translate 20 sentences containing multiple negation into MSA. To determine whether the intensity of their exposure to English would impact their understanding of these negative English structures, the students studying at levels two and four were selected. The students’ responses were quantitatively analysed. The results showed that MSA exhibits both DN and negative concord constructions. Moreover, the syntactic analyses of DN provided by Watanabe (2004) and Giannakidou (2000) concord with DN in MSA with some considerations. Additionally, all the sampled students had difficulty translating these types of sentences, indicating that intensity of exposure did not cause differences in performance.

Teknologi Edible Coating dari Pati Kulit Pisang terhadap Mutu Buah Apel Malang (Malis sylvestris)

Apple is an annual fruit plant that can be grown in Indonesia. Apples have several kinds of varieties that have their own characteristics and characteristics. The shelf life of apples at room temperature is relatively short. One method that can lengthen apples is by means of edible coating. Edible coating is the process of coating the surface of the fruit skin with environmentally friendly materials with the aim of being a barrier to the process of evaporation of water so that the quality of the fruit can be maintained. Banana skin is used as an edible coating material because it contains a fairly high starch content. This research was conducted to determine the effect of edible coating from banana skin starch on the quality of apples and to determine the best type of banana skin as an edible coating. The design used was a one-factor Completely Randomized Design. The results showed that the edible coating of banana skin starch had a significant effect and the best type of banana skin used as edible coating was Ambon banana skin.

Social shopping at Goel Stores: forging ahead through the use of social media

Research methodology The case study is based on field research and also on secondary data. A primary survey is included in the case study. Simple frequency and factor analysis as statistical tools have been used. Case overview/synopsis Family businesses, like that of Kiran Rai’s, owning a local Mom and Pop store in an emerging city were faced with a serious problem of sustaining their businesses. These family businesses countered immense competition from: their own types, i.e. from other local Mom and Pop stores within the same cities; online stores; and the organised stores.The choice of the customers to buy goods from the neighbourhood shops has remained largely as an age-old tradition in the households. With the millennials and the Generation Z (Gen Z) exposed to an array of brands, can they become the first choice of young customers for shopping for all kinds of products and varieties? Can the local Mom and Pop stores spread their wings across the young generations, particularly the Millennials and Gen Z through inexpensive social media channels? What are their growth options? How can the social media serve this purpose? The case uses the social cognition theory and the use gratification theory to throw light on the new concept of Social Shopping. Complexity academic level The case is meant to be discussed in courses like Fundamentals of Marketing, Digital Marketing and Retail Marketing in a 90-min session in the Post Graduate as well as in the Working Executives’ Management programmes. The case analysis will expose the students to the use of social media and its benefits to the small businesses. The students will also be able to analyse and understand the different types of Online Consumers’ Shopping Personalities. This would enable them to strategize for different stages in the decision-making processes.

Traditional molasses production from different plants in Anatolia and its ethnobotanical features

The molasses produced in a widespread manner in Turkey, loved by people, often as simple or traditional breakfast consumed is a product. Molasses, traditionally grapes, mulberries, figs, apples, and sugar from fruits that contain sugar, such as liquid or solid the form are manufactured. In this study, 18 kinds of molasses varieties made of production traditionally in different regions of Turkey have been identified. The survey was carried out in 53 provinces and 74 districts. Molasses types were observed from the mentioned fields and the information regarding local names, medicinal using and production methods obtained questioning the local people. The production of molasses is an important source of income for people in the local region. Fruit and herbal materials collected to make molasses are gathered directly by the local villagers, especially unemployed people with financial difficulties. While grape molasses is consumed for food purposes in almost every province in Anatolia, especially Juniper, Pine and Carob are consumed for health purposes. Gezo (Oak) molasses produced in a very narrow area in Anatolia is interesting molasses produced from acorns and leaves.

Penambahan Kayu Manis Dan Gula Merah Terhadap Kadar Vitamin C Dan Ic50 Dalam Jus Jambu Biji Merah

Indonesia as a tropical country has various kinds of fruit varieties. One of the famous fruits in Indonesia is guava. Guava fruit is popular with the public because it has a sweet taste. Ripe guava flesh can be processed into processed products such as jelly, jam, guava flour, fruit salad, fruit soup, chips, fruit juice, and fresh drinks. The benefits of guava fruit are many, such as being able to overcome several types of diseases such as diabetes, hypertension, and cancer. In addition, guava is also useful as an anti-bacterial, anti-fungal, anti-inflammatory, and can maintain skin health. Guava contains various vitamins and antioxidants that are beneficial for the body. The purpose of this study was to determine the content of vitamin C and antioxidant activity in guava juice added with cinnamon and brown sugar. This test uses 8 combinations of brown sugar and cinnamon treatments. The results showed that the best vitamin C content and antioxidant activity were found in the K2G0 treatment (4% cinnamon and 0% brown sugar) with a vitamin C content of 57,15 mg/100g and an IC50 value of 39,08 ppm.

La cuestión terminológica en torno a los fenómenos de adquisición y aprendizaje de lenguas extranjeras (LE). Los ‘lingüismos’

Getting inside the many areas surrounding the phenomenon of acquisition and learning of foreign language (FL), which is already arduous, may be hindered by the large number of meanings that are attached to the relationship between languages, that is to say ‘lingualisms’. As the world has become interdependent, ethnolinguistic diversity has been reflected in human relations in general and, as a consequence, a multitude of linguistic situations, which previously did not exist or were very rare, need to be recognized and named with their particular specificities. This picture has spread to classrooms in virtually every country where the teaching of FL is a core subject in their education systems. Often, different authors tend to use the same term, but with different meanings, which means that in many cases there is no standard use of many of these terms. The interest in this subject, and all kinds of varieties of languages in contact with each other, has produced a real explosion of terminology, which causes some confusion when talking about the different languages. The aim of this work is to carry out a terminological review of these terms included in the specialized literature, highlighting, on the one hand, the terminological confusion on a linguistic level and, on the other hand, the ideological component as a psycho-sociolinguistic fact that these terms contain. It also considers to what extent it is possible to bring together the scientific community in this respect.

UJI TAKARAN PUPUK KANDANG SAPI TERHADAP TIGA VARIETAS WIJEN (Sesamum indicum L.)

Sesame (Sesamum indicum L.) is one of the plantation crop commodities which has high economic value (Rusmin, 2007). Sesame (Sesamum indicum L.) is classified as a high quality food and edible oil because of its high mineral and protein content and low saturated fatty acid content, so it does not have a negative impact on health (Winarno, 1993). With an intercropping cropping pattern, the yield of sesame plants in Indonesia is still low, namely an average of 350 kg / ha of dry seeds (Rukmana, 1998). The shortage of domestic sesame products is met with imports of sesame from Thailand, Vietnam and other countries (Hanura, 2004). This proves that the opportunity to develop sesame is still very open. The main obstacle in sesame development is the low yield. One way to increase productivity is by means of fertilization. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of cow manure and its interaction on the growth and yield of sesame. The research was conducted in Pijiharjo Hamlet, Karang Lor Village, Manyaran District, Wonogiri Regency, Central Java (57662), from 19 April to 16 July 2020.This research is a factorial experiment consisting of two factors based on a completely randomized block design (RAKL) consisting of 3 replications. The treatment is as follows: the first factor is the provision of cow manure at a rate of 150 gr (P2), 100 gr (P1) and without fertilizer (P0) as a control. The second factor is three kinds of sesame varieties consisting of SBR 1 (V1), SBR 4 (V2) and WINAS 1 (V3). Based on the results of research and discussion, it can be concluded that: The three varieties of sesame are not responsive to the three treatments of the dose of cow manure so that there is still a need to add a more precise dose according to the needs of the sesame plant.

Pengaruh Inokulasi Rhizobium-CMA Terhadap Pertumbuhan dan Hasil Dua Varietas Kedelai Pada Tanah Entisol

A research to observe the influence of Rhizobium and Vesicular Arbuscular Mycorrhyzae inoculation on growth and yield of Edamame and Wilis varieties of soybeans in Entisol soil. The research was conducted in the green house of Agriculture Faculty, Muhammadiyah University of Yogyakarta, from June to September 2003. The field experiment was arranged in 4x2 factorial Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with three replications. The first factor was inoculation treatment which contains four levels consisted of: (1) without inoculation; (2) Rhizobium inoculation; (3) VAM inoculation and (4) Rhizobium-VAM inoculation. The second factor was the kind of varieties namely Edamame and Wilis. There were 24 research units which contain 12 polybags of each unit. The result of this research showed that there was no interaction between inoculation treatments and kinds of varieties to all of parameters, except the percentage of mycorrhizae infection. Inoculation of Rhizobium and VAM significantly increased the growth and yield of Wilis variety. The 100 grains weight of Edamame variety was 23.21 g and Wilis variety was 7.49 g. Inoculation of Rhizobium on Wilis variety was more compatible than Edamame. Endogenus VAM application on Edamame variety was more compatible than VAM isolates inoculation.

Brown planthopper infestations alter sugar metabolism in the rice plant as well as brown planthopper

AbstractCarbohydrate plays an important role in rice resistance or tolerance to pests, and also affects the continuous feeding of brown planthoppers (BPHs) on rice. However, the change in the sugar metabolism of BPH and rice plant after BPH infestation is not well studied. In this study, the rice variety Taichung Native 1 (TN1) was taken as a control group, and four kinds of common rice varieties in Zhejiang province (China), Zhong Jiazao 17 (ZJZ17), Zhong Zheyou 8 (ZZY8), Tian Youhuazhan (TYHZ), and Jing Liangyouhuazhan (JLYHZ), were taken as experimental group. The results showed that the BPHs best preferred the TN1 rice variety. BPHs in fifth instar feeding on the other four rice varieties had lower levels of trehalose, glucose, and glycogen, and the difference in sugar levels further resulted in differences in trehalose‐6‐phosphate synthase and trehalase expression and trehalase activity. In addition, after BPHs infestation, the glucose content in the sheath at 30 days decreased, while it increased in the sheath at 60 days. Moreover, the trehalose content in the sheath at 30 and 60 days decreased. The starch in the leaves at 60 days also decreased. This study demonstrated that both BPHs and rice plant showed changes in carbohydrate metabolism after BPHs feeding on rice, but these changes varied with rice varieties and rice growth stage. These results provide a basis for a better understanding the physiological interaction between BPH and rice plant.

PENGARUH KONSENTRASI CUKA BAMBU DAN MACAM VARIETAS TERHADAP PERTUMBUHAN STEK LADA PERDU (Piper nigrum L.)

The purpose of this study is to determine the effect of concentration of petung bamboo vinegar, kinds of varieties, and the interaction of both on the growth of shrub pepper cuttings. The study used a factorial Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) with three blocks. The first factor is the concentration of petung bamboo vinegar (Dendrocalamus asper) consisting of 0 ppm, 1.000 ppm, 2.000 ppm, 3.000 ppm, 4.000 ppm, 5.000 ppm, and 1.000 ppm Indole Acetic Acid (IAA) as a synthetic growth regulator. The second factor is kinds of varieties: Natar-1 and Ciinten. The results showed that the use of petung bamboo vinegar for 5.000 ppm produces the highest number of leaves, fresh weight of shoots, and dry weight of shoots on Ciinten variety, while the Natar-1 variety with concentration of petung bamboo vinegar for 3.000 ppm obtained the highest fresh weight of shoots and dry weight of shoots. Ciinten variety obtained the highest results on shoot height, number of leaves, longest root length, number of roots, fresh weigh of shoots, dry weight of shoots, fresh weight of roots, and dry weight of roots. The interaction between the concentration of petung bamboo vinegar and kinds of varieties has no significant on all observed parameters. The use of petung bamboo vinegar at 3.000 ppm for Natar-1 and 5.000 ppm for Ciinten can replace the role of IAA growth regulator at concentrations of 1.000 ppm. Keywords: Dendrocalamus asper, bamboo vinegar concentration, Piper nigrum L., shrubs pepper cuttings, varieties.

In situ ruminal degradation kinetics and blood metabolites as affected by feeding different sources of tannin and flavonoids to small-tailed Han rams

The objective of this study was to determine the effects of feeding two kinds of alfalfa varieties, Gannon No. 3 (G3) and Gannon No. 9 (G9), with variable contents of tannin and flavonoids and compare their effects to dietary supplements of tannin and flavones on ruminal degradation kinetics and serum metabolites. Fifteen ruminally cannulated small-tailed Han rams were divided into five groups and fed the following diets for 30 days as follows: CONT (basal diet), G3 (200 g of G3 + basal diet), G9 (200 g of G9 + basal diet), TAN (2 g of hydrolysable tannin (HT) + basal diet) and FLV (2 g of Puerariae flavones + basal diet). Animals were weighed, serum samples were collected, and in situ ruminal incubation of soybean was performed to determine the degradation kinetics of the dry matter (DM), crude protein (CP), and organic matter (OM). Animals’ weight increased significantly at the end of the experiment in all groups. The greatest serum total protein concentration was found in the TAN group. Also G9 and FLV increased the ruminal degradation of DM and CP. Meanwhile CONT followed by TAN and G3 decreased the rumen degradable fractions of CP and increased significantly the undegradable CP fraction. We concluded that G9 had a similar effect as Puerariae flavone, while G3 followed the same effect of HT on the ruminal degradation. However, they showed different impacts on serum metabolites.