Kinds Of Stem Research Articles

Long-term results of total hip arthroplasty with «physiohip» trabecular-bionic stem

More often short femoral components are used in Ukraine, including the trabecular bionic stem «Physiohip».Objective: to analyze the results of the total hip arthroplasty with this kind of stem, to determine the factors affecting the development of its aseptic loosening.Methods: we made retrospective analysis of 37 patients after total hip arthroplasty in 1 to 7 years follow-up. There were 25 men (68 %), women — 12 (32 %). The average age was 46 years old (from 28 tо 77). Operations were made at primary arthritis of the 3–4 stages, dysplastic arthritis 3–4 stages, and aseptic femoral head necrosis 3–4 degrees and femoral neck fractures. Functional results were assessed according to Harris Hip Score. Results: in 7 years after surgery excellent functional result was observed in 16 patients (43 %), in 9 patients (24 %) — good result, in 4 patients (11 %) there was satisfactory result, but in 8 cases (22 %) — failed result. The best functional results were at aseptic femoral head necrosis and idiopathic primary arthritis. Conclusions: Implantation of the trabecular bionic stem «Physiohip» h as i ts own a ccurate i ndications, t he o peration requires strict adherence to surgical techniques, and postoperative rehabilitation therapy must be carried out taking into account the individual characteristics of the patient. Factors that affected aseptic stem loosening were inaccurate choice of the stem size, inappropriate technique of stem implantation, osteoporosis and early active postoperative rehabilitation, especially in patients with high body mass index.

Palmitoylated SDF1 α Shows Increased Resistance against Proteolytic Degradation in Liver Homogenates

The chemokine stromal cell-derived factor-1α (SDF1α) is strongly involved in organogenesis, as well as inflammation and tissue repair, and acts by attracting different kinds of stem and progenitor cells. Therefore, it constitutes an interesting compound for drug development in regenerative medicine. However, it is prone to inactivation by proteolytic cleavage in human serum. Accordingly, it has to be stabilized against enzymatic degradation for any therapeutic application. We synthesized a palmitoylated SDF1α analogue by native chemical ligation. Both the N-terminal thioester and the C-terminal palmitoylated fragment were prepared by solid-phase peptide synthesis. The activity of the refolded and pure compound was determined by an inositol phosphate turnover assay and revealed no loss in receptor activation. Additionally, resistance to proteolytic degradation was investigated in porcine liver homogenates and showed a near sevenfold increased half time. This study is a proof of principle approach for the lipidation of SDF1α and provides a basis for further engineering of the chemokine in order to increase its therapeutic value.

When the prefixes meet the suffixes

This paper explores the different interpretations the prefix po- in Polish gets depending on what kind of stem it attaches to. Thus, I show that the distinction between high and low suffixing verbalizers correlates with a distinction within the prefixal domain, namely the type of verbalizer influences the interpretation that po- is assigned, as well as being responsible for the restriction on po- attachment.1 I argue for four different structural positions into which a prefix can be inserted. The system bears on the way Aspectual proper- ties are decided in the course of the derivation, with three different aspectual levels (Asp1P relevant for most of the prefixes, Asp2P i.e. Secondary Imperfective (henceforth, SI), and Asp3P relevant for po- exclusively) contributing information which can be overridden on higher levels.

Morphological priming in Spanish verb forms: an ERP repetition priming study.

The ERP repetition priming paradigm has been shown to be sensitive to the processing differences between regular and irregular verb forms in English and German. The purpose of the present study is to extend this research to a language with a different inflectional system, Spanish. The design (delayed visual repetition priming) was adopted from our previous study on English, and the specific linguistic phenomena we examined are priming relations between different kinds of stem (or root) forms. There were two experimental conditions: In the first condition, the prime and the target shared the same stem form, e.g., "ando-andar" [I walk-to walk], whereas in the second condition, the prime contained a marked (alternated) stem, e.g., "duermo-dormir" [I sleep-to sleep]. A reduced N400 was found for unmarked (nonalternated) stems in the primed condition, whereas marked stems showed no such effect. Moreover, control conditions demonstrated that the surface form properties (i.e., the different degree of phonetic and orthographic overlap between primes and targets) do not explain the observed priming difference. The ERP priming effect for verb forms with unmarked stems in Spanish is parallel to that found for regularly inflected verb forms in English and German. We argue that effective priming is possible because prime target pairs such as "ando-andar" access the same lexical entry for their stems. By contrast, verb forms with alternated stems (e.g., "duermo") constitute separate lexical entries, and are therefore less powerful primes for their corresponding base forms.

Contrasting patch choice behaviour by immature ambush predators, a spider (Misumena vatia) and an insect (Phymata americana)

Summary1. Spiderlings of the crab spider Misumena vatia and nymphs of the ambush bug Phymata americana normally ambush prey in flowers, as do the adults. The immatures of M. vatia are more mobile, by ballooning, than the ambulatory but largely sedentary adult female spiders, but the apterous immatures of P. americana are less mobile than the alate adults. The aim of the work reported here was to investigate how immatures, as compared with adults, select sites from which to ambush their prey.2. Individual immatures of both species were released in experimental arenas with variously manipulated natural stems: normal, with and without leaves, and with and without flowers of three species of plants.3. The spiderlings and nymphs showed discriminatory behaviour but not in accordance with optimal foraging in either case. The spiderlings chose more leafy stems than any other kind of stem. For the nymphs, the importance of leaves was less marked, food apparently being more important than shelter.4. Neither of the predators discriminated among flowering stems of Solidago canadensis, Daucus carota, and Cirsium arvense.5. In other experiments, in which flowered and deflowered stems were located in two separated groups in the arena and the individual was released in a bare area between the two groups, the spiderlings chose either group as predicted by chance but the nymphs showed a slight preference for the flowered sector. Nevertheless, once in either of the groups, the predators showed similar behaviour in choosing leafy stems more often than other stems.6. Nymphs of P. americana are much more selective than adults but spiderlings of M. vatia are less selective than adult females. These results appear to accord with the time and energy costs of changing hunting sites, walking being slower than flying or ballooning.7. The results indicate the need to include other parameters, such as enemy‐free space and time spent in not being able to forage, in the analysis of foraging behaviour.

5- to 8-year results of total hip endoprosthesis implantation with the Müller straight shaft prosthesis (cemented TiAlNb shaft)

The aim of this study was to obtain mid-term results after total hip arthroplasty (THA) with cemented titanium stems. In all, 184 patients with a total of 202 THAs (cemented titanium stem) were clinically and radiologically examined after an average follow-up of 6 years (5-8). The recruitment was 86%. The Harris score was determined clinically. Radiologically, the directly postoperative radiographs were compared to the control radiographs according to the recommendations of Gruen et al. and Johnston et al. In 2 cases (1%) septical complications appeared after 2 years, which were treated in two-stage surgery. To date, revisions after loosening have been carried out in 3 cases (1.5%). This is equivalent to a revision rate of 2.5%. Three further cases showed evidence of loosening in more than 5 radiolucent lines (RLL), according to Gruen, making close-meshed controls necessary. Clinically, in all of the 6 cases of aseptic loosening, the Harris score remained above 80 points. In 36 cases, more than one RLL, compared to the postoperative radiographs, was ascertained and mainly found in zones 1, 7, 8, and 14. Substantial subsidence or varus could only be observed in one case. The clinical results in the Harris score were good or excellent in 78% and satisfactory in 20%. With an average of 75 at the time of follow-up, the age of the patients was, according to the indication that only patients above age 60 are to receive cemented-stem prostheses, clearly advanced. The body weight was significantly higher (82 kg; d = 2.4) in those 6 patients having evident RLL, than in patients without RLL. The ratio body weight to surface of the stem was especially different (1.5 kg/cm2 versus 1 kg/cm2; P < 0.005) in the two groups. This did not apply to sex or activity of the patient, size or kind of stem, Harris score, ectopic ossification, or body weight index. The biggest possible stem should be implanted. Not all cemented titanium stem prostheses are necessarily affected with a high rate of loosening at a mid-term follow-up.

Anatomy of Certain Goldenrods

In dealing with the anatomical features of Solidago, and especially in studying the modifications of its woody cylinder in relation to the leaf trace, it is well to bear in mind the fact that the goldenrods belong to a family which occupies a high place systematically. The largest proportion of herbs and short-lived perennials, especially in temperate regions, belongs to the Compositae; and since they are so generally admitted to be high forms, a certain amount of evolutionary progress can be taken for granted in studying them. Another advantage in investigating genera of the Compositae is the fact that in the family and in any genus of the family both the woody and herbaceous type of stem may be found; hence comparisons are more easily made and conclusions more readily drawn. Not only within the same genus are both kinds of stem to be found, but the same aerial axis has regions which are characteristically woody and herbaceous. This situation is well illustrated by Solidago. In the lower portions of the aerial axis, as well as in the subterranean parts of the stem, the organization is typically woody; while in the higher and more slender portions of the stem the herbaceous type prevails. In short, Solidago presents an epitome of a woody-herbaceous condition in which the transition from one type to the other is advantageously elucidated. The species of goldenrod studied were Solidago canadensis, S. bicolor, S. rigida, S. caesia, S. speciosa, S. sempervirens, S. graminifolia, S. latifolia, S. serotina, and S. patula. It was found that in all these species there are certain modifications of the woody cylinder related definitely to the leaf strands. These consist in the transformation of portions of the woody segment through which the leaf trace takes its departure into parenchyma and in the elimination of fibers and vessels.