Kinds Of Sites Research Articles

Probability and severity of climate change threats to natural world heritage sites vary across site specifics and over time

This study contributes a first comparison of current and potential threats to Natural World Heritage Sites from climate change, as assessed by experts, when site and location characteristics (size, year of inscription to the World Heritage list, continent, climate zone and kind of site) are controlled for. The probability of a threat as well as its intensity is analysed. Another novelty lies in the use of data from the IUCN Conservation Outlook Assessment, covering all 245 Natural and Mixed World Heritage Sites across the world for three points in time: 2014, 2017 and 2020. The threat of climate change is broadly defined and includes temperature extremes, rising temperatures, disappearing glaciers, coral bleaching, droughts, desertification, and rising sea levels. Results based on a simultaneous Probit model with random effects show that the probability of actual and potential climate change threats increases over time, but with differences for size, kind of site and location. The probability that a threat is identified is highest for marine and coastal sites, and for those in Latin America, while it is significantly lower for sites on the African continent. Larger sites have a higher probability of being assessed as at risk and the severity of threats is found to be lower for recently inscribed sites. The rate at which the likelihood of a threat assessment increases is consistent for both current and future situations, while the probability of the most severe threat is larger for the current than the future period. A serious threat from climate change is assessed as highest for locations in the tropical monsoon (current period) or the tropical savannah climate (future period). Estimations also show that pure descriptive statistics or bivariate correlations may not correctly identify the risk or the dignity of a threat.

Physical Analysis and Mathematical Modeling of the Hydrogen Storage Process in the MmNi4.2Mn0.8 Compound.

The results of an experimental and mathematical study into the MmNi4.2Mn0.8 compound's hydrogen storage properties are presented in the present research. Plotting and discussion of the experimental isotherms (P-C-T) for different starting temperatures (288 K, 298 K, 308 K, and 318 K) were carried out first. Then, the enthalpy and entropy of formation (ΔH0, ΔS0) were deduced from the plot of van't Hoff. Following that, the P-C-T were contrasted with a mathematical model developed via statistical physics modeling. The steric and energetic parameters, such as the number of the receiving sites (n1, n2), their densities (Nm1, Nm2), and the energy parameters (P1, P2) of the system, were calculated thanks to the excellent agreement between the numerical and experimental results. Therefore, plotting and discussing these parameters in relation to temperature preceded their application in determining the amount of hydrogen in each type of site per unit of metal ([H/M]1, [H/M]2) as well as for the entire system [H/M] versus temperature and pressure besides the absorption energies associated with each kind of site (ΔE1, ΔE2) and the thermodynamic functions (free energy, Gibbs energy, and entropy) that control the absorption reaction.

A Potential Systematic Barrier to Community Health Literacy about Epilepsy Surgery: A Preliminary Readability Analysis of Online Health Education Materials in the United States (P6-1.006)

<h3>Objective:</h3> Analyze readability of online health education materials designed to provide epilepsy surgery information to patients. <h3>Background:</h3> Epilepsy surgery is an effective albeit underused treatment for refractory epilepsy. The workup and procedure explanations are complex and further compounded by the cognitive difficulties many people with epilepsy face. A previous United Kingdom study showed poor readability of online resources used for epilepsy surgery. However, there is still much to explore regarding the readability of resources in the United States, and what kinds of sites are associated with better readability. <h3>Design/Methods:</h3> A private browser was used to search Google for the top 100 search results for the terms “epilepsy+surgery”. Scientific papers, insurance pages, pay-wall access sites, and non-text content were excluded. The website text was re-formatted to exclude graphics, contact information, links, and headers. Readability metrics were calculated using an online readability tool (Datayze Readability Analyzer). Analysis was done through R using the Kruskal-Wallis test, and statistical assumptions were assessed. <h3>Results:</h3> Here we present the preliminary analysis of the top 100 items from a Google search yielding 76 websites and 24 exclusions. Websites were categorized as US based organizations or non-US, content from level 4 epilepsy centers, and if the sources were community health websites not associated with academic institutions. The Flesch Reading Ease (FRE) and Flesch-Kincaid Grade Level (FKGL) showed significantly better readability in community health websites (FRE p=.03, FKGL p=.03), non-level 4 epilepsy centers (FRE p=.002, FKGL p=.002), and international websites (FRE p=.02, FKGL =.03). <h3>Conclusions:</h3> Health information source characteristics associated with better readability levels included non-academic centers, non-level 4 epilepsy centers and community health information websites. This analysis suggests that academic centers, especially level 4 epilepsy centers, should consider involving community members, advocacy organizations and non-medical writers in the designing of online epilepsy surgery health education materials. <b>Disclosure:</b> Mr. Seneviratne has nothing to disclose. Ms. Ho has nothing to disclose. Dr. Correa has received personal compensation in the range of $0-$499 for serving as a Consultant for Independent Medical Consultants. Dr. Correa has received personal compensation in the range of $0-$499 for serving as a Consultant for Atheneum Partners. Dr. Correa has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving as an Editor, Associate Editor, or Editorial Advisory Board Member for American Academy of Neurology. Dr. Correa has stock in Aidin Inc. Dr. Correa has received research support from Genentech. Dr. Correa has received research support from Psi Upsilon Foundation Inc.

Nonlinear regression for treating adsorption isotherm data to characterize new sorbents: Advantages over linearization demonstrated with simulated and experimental data

This paper demonstrates that determining adsorption capacity and affinity through data fitting of adsorption isotherms by nonlinear regression (NLR) is more accurate than linearized Langmuir equations. Linearization errors and the subjective choice of data points used to apply the linear regression analysis may deviate the fitted adsorption parameters (constants and adsorption capacities) from the expected values. The deviation magnitude increases for heterogeneous sorbents such as environmental particles and molecularly imprinted polymers, which adsorb by more than one sorption mechanism or adsorption sites of diverse chemical natures. For instance, Lineweaver-Burk linearization of isotherms simulated considering the presence of two adsorption sites (distinct adsorption energies) provides excellent linear regression fittings but for only one kind of adsorption site. Contrary, Scatchard and Eadie-Hoffsiee's equations indicate the presence of more than one kind of adsorption site, but if the difference between the adsorption constants is not significant, the choice of points used to perform the computation becomes subjective. On the contrary, NLR analysis considers all the adsorption points (experimental or simulated), providing objective criteria to define if more than one kind of site or retention mechanism rules the adsorbed amounts of analyte. The fitted constants have smaller deviations from the expected values than those obtained by linearization. In addition to the simulated data, the enhanced robustness of the NLR was demonstrated in the determination of the adsorption capacity and adsorption affinity of a humic acid sample towards Cu2+ at different pH.

Digital indicators of interest in natural world heritage sites

Due to their remoteness or boundless nature, activities at Natural Heritage Sites are difficult to monitor. In this study, two digital measures of the interest in Natural Word Heritage Sites are compared: one ex ante based on the number of Wikipedia page views of the site and another ex post derived from actual visitation as measured by the number of Instagram posts. The entire UNESCO database, which includes 248 Natural World Heritage Sites is linked to the 2.8 million Wikipedia page views, the 58 million Instagram posts and the Köppen extreme climate zone categories. Quantile regressions reveal that the main association in common for the two indicators is the risk of the site losing its inscription. Presence in the UNESCO Danger list is associated with reduced interest in a site, particularly in the number of Instagram posts and in the top quartile of Wikipedia views. Years since inscription is also an important explanatory variable, especially for the Instagram posts and the Wikipedia views in the top quartile. The UNESCO selection criterion of outstanding beauty only relates to the Instagram posts. Climate zone is mainly linked to the ex post variable and its upper quartile, where the sites with the most attention are found. Wikipedia views are also negatively associated with sites in Africa, the Arab countries and Latin America. Elevation, size of the area as well as kind of site are all variables not significant. There is a significant correlation between the two outcome variables with a coefficient of 0.5. While the Instagram posts relate clearly to actual visits, the Wikipedia page views is considered a possible leading indicator of future interest in a site.

Improved Hydrodeoxygenation of Phenol to Cyclohexane on NiFe Alloy Catalysts Derived from Phyllosilicates

AbstractA phyllosilicate‐derived NiFe/SiO2 catalyst (NiFe/SiO2−AE) was successfully prepared by the ammonia evaporation method and applied in the hydrodeoxygenation of phenol to cyclohexane. Another two catalysts were also prepared for a comparison by impregnation (NiFe/SiO2−IM) and deposition‐precipitation (NiFe/SiO2−DP) methods, respectively. It was found that Ni−Fe alloy, the active sites for the hydrogenolysis of C−O bond, can be obtained by the reduction of NiFe2O4 (IM) or phyllosilicate (DP and AE) by H2. The AE strategy can generate more phyllosilicate structure, which improves the dispersion of both Ni−Fe alloy and metallic Ni sites and allows the formation of more interface between these two kinds of sites as well. Therefore, the NiFe/SiO2−AE exhibits a significantly high catalytic performance in the HDO of phenol to cyclohexane. Moreover, the turnover frequency of Ni−Fe alloy sites over NiFe/SiO2−AE catalysts is much higher than those of other two catalysts. It is suggested that the enhanced synergy between the two kinds of active sites in the adsorption of C−O groups and hydrogen molecules ensures the superior intrinsic activity in HDO process.

Influence of the Nb content and microstructure of sitinakite-type crystalline silicotitanates (CSTs) on their Sr2+ and Cs+ sorption properties

Radioactive wastewater contaminated with 137Cs and 90Sr are produced at different stages of the nuclear fuel cycle. Transferring these radionuclides to a stable solid matrix is crucial for safe wastewater management and long-term storage. Sitinakite Crystalline silicotitanates (CSTs) are among the most selective mineral ion exchangers for Cs and/or Sr depending on the pH of the medium and the CST chemical composition (Nb doping). To better understand how their microstructure affects their sorption properties, CSTs with different morphologies (consisting of submicronic to micronic particles) and Nb contents (from 0% to 25%) were synthesized and characterized in terms of their Sr2+ and Cs+ sorption properties at moderately basic pH. The Sr2+/Na+ and Cs+/Na+ equilibrium exchange diagrams obtained highlight the presence of two kind of sorption sites with different selectivities and sorption capacities. The first, kind of site, highly selective for Sr and less selective for Cs at moderately basic pH, was attributed to “tunnel” sites in the CST structure. The second one, less selective for Sr and Cs, seems to be a surface site. Although Nb doping was found to promote Cs sorption and hinder Sr sorption at moderately alkaline pH, the accessibility and selectivity of these two sites was found to depend more strongly on the microstructure of the CSTs. Results indicate that the more highly crystalline, micronic particles, with fewer structural defects, are more selective for Sr, but that the larger specific surface areas (greater number of surface sites) afforded by the submicronic particles are associated with larger sorption capacities.

Interactions of replication initiator RctB with single- and double-stranded DNA in origin opening of Vibrio cholerae chromosome 2.

Studies of bacterial chromosomes and plasmids indicate that their replication initiator proteins bind to origins of replication at many double-stranded sites and also at AT-rich regions where single-stranded DNA is exposed during origin opening. Single-strand binding apparently promotes origin opening by stabilizing an open structure, but how the initiator participates in this process and the contributions of the several binding sites remain unclear. Here, we show that the initiator protein of Vibrio cholerae specific to chromosome 2 (Chr2) also has single-strand binding activity in the AT-rich region of its origin. Binding is strand specific, depends on repeats of the sequence 5'ATCA and is greatly stabilized in vitro by specific double-stranded sites of the origin. The stability derives from the formation of ternary complexes of the initiator with the single- and double-stranded sites. An IHF site lies between these two kinds of sites in the Chr2 origin and an IHF-induced looping out of the intervening DNA mediates their interaction. Simultaneous binding to two kinds of sites in the origin appears to be a common mechanism by which bacterial replication initiators stabilize an open origin.

NATURAL CRUSHED ROCK AS AGGREGATE FOR ULTRA HIGH STRENGTH CEMENT CONCRETES

Because of strong competition and new trends of concrete construction, cement industry isstarting to offer cement of high class in world markets (62.5; 72.5; 82.5) with whom production ofultra hard concretes of 100 MPa up to 250 MPa of withstanding is possible. To achieve suchwithstanding, not only cement of high class are needed but also rock aggregates of at least 30% higherrigidity than the required rigidity of concrete. Technological solutions for this kind of concrete will behighly demanded by the cement industry, civil engineering industry and industry for the exploitation ofraw mineral materials. Production of such crushed aggregates will find its use in the production of ultrahigh rigidity concretes and will open new surroundings.This paper offers the overview of tests in laboratories conducted on samples of aggregates made ofgabbro rock under Nero Zimbabwe’s name, as an initial phase of research. In later phases itcovers a larger number of above mentioned samples from various excavation sites, with a specialaccent on these kinds of sites in former Yugoslavia. It is expected that these premises may havereserves of rock aggregate resistant to pressures of 150 MPa to 330 MPa which would openpossibilities of constructing ultra high rigidity concretes.In addition to analyzing the required production of ultra high strength concrete, the authors consciouslypoint out the problem of interpreting the mechanical characteristics of the material. The technicalprofession does not consider the physical state of the investigated materials, where the compressivestrength of concrete is in the form of relative strength. From the aspect of legal sciences, the concept ofrelative at the construction of large and small objects can cause legal consequences for the constructorand its profession.

Determination of active sites during gasification of biomass char with CO2 using temperature-programmed desorption. Part 2: Influence of ash components

The present work is the second part of a study conducted with the aim to determine the amount of active sites present on the surface of a biomass char participating in the gasification reaction with CO2 using the temperature programmed desorption (TPD) technique. In part 1, the methodology and experimental results during TPD of partially gasified samples of beech wood char (WC1600) using CO2 as gasification agent are presented. This work focusses on the influence of the main inorganic ash components of WC1600 on the CO2 and CO signals obtained during TPD of partially gasified char samples. Furthermore, an activated carbon with ash content lower than 1 wt-% is impregnated with Ca and K and partially gasified followed by a TPD analysis. CO2 and CO signals obtained during TPD result from decomposition of oxygenated surface complexes and decomposition reactions of ash components. During gasification, three different kinds of sites are present on the surface of the char: stable, reactive and catalytically active sites. The latter are a measure of the catalytic influence of inorganic matter during char gasification. From the analysis of the TPD spectra, it can be concluded that gasification of WC1600 is dominated by the catalytic influence exerted by Ca and K. Formation of oxygenated surface complexes on WC1600 is limited, possibly due to the high temperature at which the sample was pyrolyzed (1600 °C). However, a direct correlation between specific conversion rate and the amount of reactive and catalytically active sites is developed from the experimental results, corrected by the contribution of ash decomposition.

RETRACTED ARTICLE: On the Pursue of World Heritage Status: Conservation vs Tourism

&lt;p&gt;This article was&lt;a href="https://digitalpress.ugm.ac.id/article/390" target="_blank"&gt; retracted on 22 January 2021&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;In the past few years, UNESCO World Heritage status has become more popular in Indonesia. Many cities are trying to get their sites inscribed on this prestigious list. This ambition has made some city governments take major efforts in revitalizing their heritage sites. Semarang with its famous Old Town -formerly a trading hub during the Dutch colonial period, is jumping on the bandwagon. UNESCO World Heritage is based on the 1972 Convention which accompanied by its operational guidelines. This convention set the standards on what kind of site could be listed as a world heritage and how a state party should manage and nominate their property accordingly. Critics have argued that the standards are Eurocentric, both in terms of the site selection and the management. In a developing country like Indonesia, heritage preservation has its own discourse. People were skeptical about the benefit of preserving heritage mainly because it seemed to only entertain the needs of the elites, professionals, and academics. That is why the approach towards heritage preservation in a city like Semarang has shifted to become more populist, which apparently has its backlash. The approach strives to preserve heritage sites and buildings while at the same time provide social and economic advantages for the community through tourism. However, this approach has turned heritage conservation into careless beautification projects that might have gone too far from UNESCO standards for world heritage. This paper will answer why it seems unrealistic to pursue this title considering the ongoing social and economic issues. It will also tell what heritage preservation practice and policy are lacking thus making the site management failed to meet the standards of the 1972 Convention. In a broader sense, this paper will examine what are the odds and challenges for developing countries in nominating their sites as World Heritage, especially in the era of mass tourism.&lt;/p&gt;

Trypillia Megasites in Context: Independent Urban Development in Chalcolithic Eastern Europe

The Trypillia megasites of the Ukrainian forest steppe formed the largest fourth-millenniumbcsites in Eurasia and possibly the world. Discovered in the 1960s, the megasites have so far resisted all attempts at an understanding of their social structure and dynamics. Multi-disciplinary investigations of the Nebelivka megasite by an Anglo-Ukrainian research project brought a focus on three research questions: (1) what was the essence of megasite lifeways? (2) can we call the megasites early cities? and (3) what were their origins? The first question is approached through a summary of Project findings on Nebelivka and the subsequent modelling of three different scenarios for what transpired to be a different kind of site from our expectations. The second question uses a relational approach to urbanism to show that megasites were so different from other coeval settlements that they could justifiably be termed ‘cities'. The third question turns to the origins of sites that were indeed larger and earlier than the supposed first cities of Mesopotamia and whose development indicates that there were at least two pathways to early urbanism in Eurasia.

Sensing by Molecularly Imprinted Polymer: Evaluation of the Binding Properties with Different Techniques.

The possibility of investigating the binding properties of the same molecularly imprinted polymer (MIP), most probably heterogeneous, at various concentration levels by different methods such as batch equilibration and sensing, is examined, considering two kinds of sensors, based respectively on electrochemical and surface plasmon resonance (SPR) transduction. As a proof of principle, the considered MIP was obtained by non-covalent molecular imprinting of 2-furaldehyde (2-FAL). It has been found that different concentration ranges of 2-FAL in aqueous matrices can be measured by the two sensing methods. The SPR sensor responds in a concentration range from 1 × 10−4 M down to about 1 × 10−7 M, while the electrochemical sensor from about 5 × 10−6 M up to about 9 × 10−3 M. The binding isotherms have been fit to the Langmuir adsorption model, in order to evaluate the association constant. Three kinds of sites with different affinity for 2-FAL have been detected. The sites at low affinity are similar to the interaction sites of the corresponding NIP since they have a similar association constant. This is near to the affinity evaluated by batch equilibration too. The same association constant has been evaluated in the same concentration range. The sensing methods have been demonstrated to be very convenient for the characterization of the binding properties of MIP in comparison to the batch equilibration, in terms of reproducibility and low amount of material required for the investigation.

Catalytic deoxygenation of methyl laurate as a model compound to hydrocarbons on hybrid catalysts composed of Ni–Zn alloy and HY zeolite

AbstractBACKGROUNDThe deoxygenation of renewable vegetable oils in a hydrogen atmosphere is feasible for yielding diesel‐like hydrocarbons. In this work, hybrid catalysts composed of Ni–Zn alloy and HY zeolite were designed to achieve a highly efficient deoxygenation.RESULTSNiZn‐LDH‐HY, NiZn‐O‐HY and NiZn/HY hybrid catalysts composed of Ni‐rich Ni–Zn alloy and HY zeolite were prepared by various methods. NiZn/HY prepared by a deposition–precipitation method gave higher Ni dispersion than NiZn‐LDH‐HY and NiZn‐O‐HY obtained by mortar milling. In the deoxygenation of methyl laurate as a model compound at 330 °C and 3.0 MPa, the hybrid catalysts led to higher reaction rates (ca 9.0 × 10−5 mol g−1Ni s−1) than NiZnAl not combined with HY (2.5 × 10−5 mol g−1Ni s−1). Particularly, NiZn/HY gave higher total selectivity to C11 and C12 hydrocarbons (80.2%) than NiZn‐O‐HY and NiZn‐LDH‐HY (47.4 and 41.5%, respectively).CONCLUSIONSThis work provides an approach for preparing highly efficient catalysts for deoxygenation of esters to hydrocarbons by combining Ni–Zn alloy and HY zeolite. We deem that the closer proximity between metallic Ni and acid sites facilitates the deoxygenation via a synergetic effect between the two kinds of sites. © 2019 Society of Chemical Industry

Rethinking the Historical Significance of Modern Architecture: Lessons from the Local Landmarking of Shoreline Apartments, a Low-Income Housing Project in Buffalo

The designation of Modern architecture has been a contested process for several decades, particularly for low-income housing. Preservationists have often argued against any changes to, or demolition of, these kinds of sites because in most cases the buildings are associated with a well-known Modern architect or are emblematic of a particularly novel or groundbreaking use of form and/or material. That association often overrides history and public sentiment, particularly when the building or site has failed its primary function. This paper uses the case of Paul Rudolph's Shoreline Apartments in Buffalo, New York, to argue that landmark designation of Modern architecture, particularly for in-use housing projects, needs to take a holistic look at the project in its entirety, not just its architectural merit, design intent, or associations with a master architect. Ignoring all aspects of such properties can have huge implications for the field of historic preservation and how it is perceived among and within urban communities.

Розробка моделі розподілу ІТ-проектів на підприємствах галузі інормаційних технологій

The aim of the article. Modeling different types of IT activities of an enterprise is an important component of enterprise management. Every modern enterprise should be able to use simulation tools. This will maximally accurately reflect the required processes and phenomena and will allow you to get good performance. The results of the analyses. In the article, the authors have shown that there are many methods and models for managing complex systems. However, there are few models that can be used in practice. The article considers the possibilities of using information technologies in the management of the company's personnel. The authors conducted a critical review of literary sources devoted to the construction of optimization models. The authors analyzed the possibility of using models for implementing IT projects and the possibility of applying multicenter decisions in the theory of management. The results of this study are an economic and mathematical model for implementing IT projects for enterprises engaged in information technology. The economic-mathematical model is constructed according to the simulation stages. There are two optimality criteria in the model: the first criterion of optimality is minimization of the total costs for the implementation of projects, the second criterion of optimality is maximizing the efficiency of the work of IT groups. The model of optimal choice of IT orders and distribution of workplaces (IT-projects) among the executors (IT teams) takes into account the following restrictions: on the allocated working time fund; for mandatory inclusion of an order in the plan (for external IT projects) On the optional inclusion of IT projects in the plan (for internal IT projects) by the number of IT projects in each IT team. The article proposes a method for solving a problem. Conclusions and perspectives for further research. This model is dynamic optimization and multicriteria. The model allows to find optimal variants of distribution of orders by executors. Orders are IT projects that need to be completed within a specified time frame. Executors - IT teams, which have all the necessary specialists. The purpose of increasing the efficiency of the enterprise on the criterion of profitability. Key words: information technology, optimization, modeling, marketing, management, IT project, mathematical model &nbsp;DOI: 10.15276/mdt.2.3.2018.4 Sokolovska, Z.M., Andrienko, V. M., &amp; Ivchenko, I.Yu et al. (2016). Mathematical and computer modeling of economic processes. Sokolovskaya, Z. M. (Ed.). Odessa: Astroprint [in Ukrainian]. Ivchenko I.Yu., Chugunov, A.A., Ivchenko, O.I. Ekonomicheskoe modelirovanie kak instrument upravleniya IT-predpriyatiem [Economic Modeling as a Management Tool for an IT Enterprise]. Naukovo-praktychna konferentsiia (29-30 zhovtnia 2015) – Scientific and Practical Conference. Ekonomichna kibernetyka: teoriia, praktyka ta napriamky rozvytku [Scientific and Practical Internet Conference «Economic Cybernetics: Theory, Practice and Directions of Development»]. Odessa [in Russian]. Wentzel, E.S. (1964). Elementyi dinamicheskogo programmirovaniya [Elements of dynamic programming]. Moscow: Nauka [in Russian]. Mocherny, S. (2001). Osnovy pidpryiemnytskoi diialnosti [Fundamentals of entrepreneurial activity]. K.: Akademiya [in Ukrainian]. Klassifikatsiya veb-saytov: tipyi i vidyi internet saytov. Kakie byivayut saytyi [Classification of websites: types and types of Internet sites. What are the kinds of sites]. www.yanajy.com. Retrieved from http://www.yanajy.com//sdelay-sam/2610.html [in Russian]. Kalinina, L. (2007). Autsorsingovyie uslugi v oblasti informatsionnyih tehnologiy: otsenka kachestva [Outsourcing services in the field of information technology: quality assessment]. riastk.ru. Retrieved from http://ria-stk.ru/stq/adetail.php?ID=5120&amp;sphrase_id=1814950 [in Russian]. Polyanskiy, Yu.A. Kriterii otsenki effektivnosti otdelnyih vidov funktsiy, peredavaemyih na autsorsing, perspektivyi razvitiya ryinka autsorsinga [Polyansky Yu. A. Criteria for evaluating the effectiveness of certain types of functions transferred to outsourcing, prospects for developing the outsourcing market]. www.zdt-magazine.ru. Retrieved from http://www.zdt-magazine.ru [in Russian]. Lamben, Zh.-Zh. (2004). Menedzhment, orientirovannyiy na ryinok [Market-oriented management]. SPb.: Piter [in Russian]. Doll, J., Eisert, U. (2014). Business Model Development and Innovation, a Strategic Approach to Business Transformation. The Business Transformation Journal, 11, 7–15. Illyashenko, S.M. (2011). Suchasni tendentsiyi zastosuvannya Internet-tehnologiy u marketingu [Modern trends in the use of Internet technologies in marketing]. Marketing I menedzhment InnovatsIy [Marketing and innovation management]. 2, 4. 64–74 [in Ukrainian]. &nbsp

Improving Timeliness and Reducing Variability in Asthma Care Through the use of Clinical Pathways

Clinical pathways are a cornerstone of emergency care of asthma in pediatric patients. Pathways for asthma standardize the evaluation of the sick child and improve provider recognition of the severity of respiratory distress. Pathways can also improve the management of pediatric asthma by decreasing time to steroid administration, decreasing length of stay, decreasing the rate of admissions, and decreasing overall costs. Pathways can also standardize care among a wide variety of practitioners with different levels of experience and across different kinds of sites – from academic tertiary care pediatric hospitals to community emergency departments and urgent care centers.

The Trend and Influencing Factors of Potential Evapotranspiration in the Yellow River

Based on the Penman-Monteith formula recommended by the World Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) and the Mann-Kendall trend test method, the variation trend of potential evapotranspiration in the Yellow River Basin from 1952 to 2014 is analyzed. The results showed that the potential evapotranspiration of 43.3% of the 90 meteorological stations in the Yellow River Basin showed a significant upward trend. 30% of the stations showed a significant downward trend, and 26.7% of the stations had no obvious trend of change. In all the secondary areas of water resources, the stations above Longyangxia are basically marked upward. The Longyangxia to the northern part of Lanzhou, the Longmen to the east of Sanmenxia and the Sanmenxia to Huayuankou are all significant descending sites. The change trend of the sites below the Huayuankou is not obvious. In other partition three kinds of sites are distributed. Through the correlation analysis, it is found that the increase of temperature has a great influence on the stations where the potential evapotranspiration is significantly increased, and the decrease of wind speed is the main reason for the significant decrease of potential evapotranspiration in some stations.

Bioactive compounds of Shuang-Huang-Lian prescription and an insight into its binding mechanism by β2 -adrenoceptor chromatography coupled with site-directed molecular docking.

Owing to the promising clinical efficacy and relatively simple composition, Shuang-Huang-Lian prescription is widely prescribed for the treatment of acute upper respiratory tract infection and acute bronchitis in practice. This necessitates the understanding of the bioactive compounds of the prescription and their binding mechanism to β2 -adrenoceptor, which mediates the aforementioned ailments. In this work, a column containing immobilized β2 -adrenoceptor was prepared using a diazonium salt reaction. The bioactive compound collected from the β2 -adrenoceptor column was identified as chlorogenic acid by using high-performance liquid chromatography coupled with ion trap mass spectrometry. Using an injection amount dependent method, chlorogenic acid proved the binding to β2 -adrenoceptor through two kinds of sites. The numbers of the sites were (1.42±0.03)×10-8 and (9.06±0.49)×10-8 M. The association constants were (2.72±0.01)×105 and (2.80±0.01)×104 M-1 , respectively. Molecular docking analysis of the interaction between chlorogenic acid and β2 -adrenoceptor indicated that the binding mainly occurred on Ser169 , Ser173 , and Phe287 of β2 -adrenoceptor. These results paved the way to screen bioactive compounds of other traditional medicines by receptor chromatography.

Tourist attractions in Bangkok and Singapore; linking vandalism and setting characteristics

The study adopts an exacting observational approach to vandalism and its site determinants in two pivotal Asian cities, Bangkok and Singapore. The study served three goals: to develop and evaluate an observational approach to auditing the damage to tourist attractions; to link the setting characteristics to the indicators of damage; and to explore the applicability of Western constructs of vandalism and control to these Asian settings. A cluster analysis identified five kinds of sites which differed systematically in levels of disrepair and the factors influencing that damage. Sites with higher and lower levels of vandalism appeared in both cities. Powerful factors limiting damage were identified. The western site determinants for vandalism applied to the Asian settings.