Kinds Of Patterns Research Articles

What Can Happen When We Look at Art?: An Exploratory Network Model and Latent Profile Analysis of Affective/Cognitive Aspects Underlying Shared, Supraordinate Responses to Museum Visual Art

Art-viewing is a defining component of society and culture, in part because the experience involves a wide-range and nuanced configuration of emotional and cognitive responses. Precisely because of this complexity, however, questions of the actual nature, scope, and variety of art experience remain largely unanswered: what kinds of patterns do we exhibit, how do various components go together, and can these be distilled into shared experiential outcomes? We introduce an exploratory study based on 345 individuals’ unique experiences with one of three sets of artworks. Experiences were assessed via 46 affective and cognitive items based on a recent model, with individuals reporting to what degree they felt each during their encounter. Network and latent profile analyses revealed five patterns, aligning to a Harmonious, Facile, Transformative, and two Negative outcomes. These largely supported model hypotheses, connected to specific appraisals, and could be found, although with varying probability, across individual viewers and artworks.

Unraveling Temporal Dynamics of Multidimensional Statistical Learning in Implicit and Explicit Systems: An X-Way Hypothesis.

Statistical learning enables humans to involuntarily process and utilize different kinds of patterns from the environment. However, the cognitive mechanisms underlying the simultaneous acquisition of multiple regularities from different perceptual modalities remain unclear. A novel multidimensional serial reaction time task was developed to test 40 participants' ability to learn simple first-order and complex second-order relations between uni-modal visual and cross-modal audio-visual stimuli. Using the difference in reaction times between sequenced and random stimuli as the index of domain-general statistical learning, a significant difference and dissociation of learning occurred between the initial and final learning phases. Furthermore, we used a negative and positive occurrence-frequency-and-reaction-time correlation to indicate implicit and explicit learning, respectively, and found that learning simple uni-modal patterns involved an implicit-to-explicit segue, while acquiring complex cross-modal patterns required an explicit-to-implicit segue, resulting in a X-shape crossing of regularity learning. Thus, we propose an X-way hypothesis to elucidate the dynamic interplay between the implicit and explicit systems at two distinct stages when acquiring various regularities in a multidimensional probability space.

Chemically Oscillating Reactions as a New Model for the Formation of Mineral Patterns in Agate Geodes and Concretions

Agate geodes contain spheroidal patterns characterized by spectacularly coloured and circularly concentric laminations with radially aligned quartz crystals, yet the origin of these geometric patterns has remained enigmatic. Here, detailed comparisons are documented between these kinds of patterns in a selection of geodes and concretions and those produced by abiotic chemically oscillating reactions. We find strikingly comparable self-similar, fractal patterns in both natural volcanogenic geodes and sedimentary concretions as well as in these benchtop experiments. In addition, the mineralogical composition of patterns and associated organic matter point to the oxidation of organic compounds in both geodes and concretions. This process occurred during diagenetic or supergene alteration, and it is consistent with spontaneous and abiotic chemically oscillating reactions. It is concluded that the oxidation of organic acids was involved in the formation of these patterns and that these rocks indicate oxidation–reduction reactions involving organic carbon, which itself may be abiotic or biological in origin. Hence, agate geodes and concretions represent the abiotic biosignatures of possible biological origin in volcanic and sedimentary rocks.

Camera Eyes and Convergence in Creative Evolution

This paper presents an updated argument for Bergson’s theory of evolutionary convergence. Convergence refers to the repeated appearance of like characters, such as the camera-like eye, across distant lineages like snails and spiders, or humans and octopuses. It is an infamously difficult phenomenon to explain by dint of natural selection for chance variations alone. Convergent evolution exacerbates the improbability that chance changes at an insensible scale could be accumulated over generations in order to come together in the composition of a complex eye in one lineage, since it requires that chance variations succeeding each other in a chance order repeatedly arrive together at the same complex result, the eye, across lineages as distant as cephalopods from vertebrates. Bergson’s idea is that convergence is not an accident or anomaly of an otherwise random variational process, but that it rather reveals something important about how evolution works. What it reveals is a deep unity – or homology – underlying the contingent plurality of life forms, and a kind of pattern, or orthogenetic trend, to their repeated convergence on the same organs and traits. This paper explains that idea, links it with the history of orthogenetic theories of evolution, and suggests that it may remain viable according to the current science.

KONTRIBUSI FILSAFAT MORAL DALAM MENINGKATKAN KARAKTER KINERJA PADA MAHASISWA DENGAN STATUS PEKERJA

By thinking philosophically, an individual can overcome various complexities in his life. This can happen if an individual understands what philosophy is, because by applying philosophical thinking in every aspect of life, various problems that arise in life can be resolved well and wisely. Philosophy itself can be interpreted lexically as a view or way of life. If every Indonesian wants to do philosophy, that is, make philosophy a way of life, regardless of their daily profession, then philosophical knowledge can be used to perfect their lives, including in forming their performance character. Because the consequences of a philosophical view are significant and determine a person's attitude toward himself, other people, the world, and God. This research aims to describe how moral philosophy can be applied in shaping the performance character of students with employment status. The research was carried out using qualitative methods like library research which used books and other literature as objects. The results of the research are that the symptoms of weakness and the negative impacts of studying while working can be minimized or even eliminated if an individual can position himself as a moral philosopher who can find answers to the value of belief for his character and life. This kind of pattern will greatly contribute to the quality of student life in the current period and the future, this is because the construction of philosophical thinking can reduce negative fluctuations in life which is always dynamic and fluctuating

Inflection and derivation as traditional comparative concepts

Abstract This article revisits the distinction between inflectional and derivational patterns in general grammar and discusses the possibility that this well-known distinction is not rooted in the reality of languages, but in the Western tradition of describing languages, through dictionaries (for words, including derived lexemes) and through grammar books (where we often find tables of exemplary paradigms). This tradition has led to rather different terminological treatments of the two kinds of patterns, but from the perspective of a constructional view of morphology, there is no need to incorporate such differences into formal grammatical descriptions. For practical purposes, we need clear and simple definitions of entrenched terms of general linguistics, so the article proposes semantically based (retro-) definitions of inflection, derivation and lexeme that cover the bulk of the existing usage. Finally, I briefly explain why we need sharp definitions of comparative concepts, and why prototype-based and fuzzy definitions of traditional terms are not helpful.

A novel algorithm for seismic events multiplets search

A common practice of seismology is to analyze earthquake occurrence in terms of events catalogues, with the aim to either find useful correlations between internal mechanisms under study and their outcome in the spatial/temporal series of the events or, more directly, to assess some statistical rules from observations. With this approach, catalogues are often searched for some recognizable patterns or behaviors: in this work we present a software tool created to reveal a particular kind of events sequences.The idea follows from the concept of multiplets, a well known events pattern often found in seismic series. A multiplet is defined as a sequence of events, all near in space and time and exhibiting similar magnitudes. The amount of multiplets in seismic series is related, as it is for other clustering mechanisms, to underlying correlations in the physics of the events.The software, built from scratch, scans seismic catalogues in search of events clustered as “multiplets”: this is done through the thorough application of comparison tests whose parameters thresholds are both user defined and semi-automated. The tool is however more “general” in the sense that by varying values of the filtering parameters it can reveal other kind of patterns too.While we think that this tool can be thought as a general purpose space–time series analyzer, we have found it particularly useful when applied to the results of a seismic simulator with the purpose of assessing their adherence with the observed seismicity. It can be used as a sort of metric to quantify the simulation predictions effectiveness in terms of presence of similar multiplets distributions in simulated vs. real catalogues.The software has been entirely developed in the Wolfram Language (Mathematica), a commercial powerful environment for scientific calculus and results report, but the main computational routine has been also ported to python for open-source, copyleft usage.

Unveiling Ideology In The Interpretation Of The Qur’an In Tafsir al-Wa’ie

The development of studies on interpretation must have experienced many developments, including in Indonesia. This can be seen from various works of interpretation born in the archipelago with many kinds of patterns and methods used by the mufassir. One of the works of Tafsir in Indonesia is the result of the thoughts of Hizb at-Tahrir, an Indonesian activist, namely Rokhmat S. Labib, who authored Tafsir al-Wa'ie. The tafsir is quite thick with the views of his organization that carries the mission of the Khilāfah al-islāmiyyah; the themes raised are very ideological. In interpreting the verses of the Qur'an, they tend to be textual. The thought of Rokhmat S. Labib contained in his tafsir work criticizes the understanding of Muslims, which is mainly contaminated with Western cultures, such as pluralism of religion, religious freedom, the idea of human rights that is so broad, and so on. This interpretation can be classified as an affirmative-era interpretive work with ideological reason when viewed from its epistemological structure.

Arsenophonus symbiosis with louse flies: multiple origins, coevolutionary dynamics, and metabolic significance.

Arsenophonus is a widespread insect symbiont with life strategies that vary from parasitism to obligate mutualism. In insects living exclusively on vertebrate blood, mutualistic Arsenophonus strains are presumed to provide B vitamins missing in the insect host diet. Hippoboscidae, obligate blood feeders related to tsetse flies, have been previously suggested to have acquired Arsenophonus symbionts in several independent events. Based on comparative genomic analyses of 11 Hippoboscidae-associated strains, 9 of them newly assembled, we reveal a wide range of their genomic characteristics and phylogenetic affiliations. Phylogenetic patterns and genomic traits split the strains into two different types. Seven strains display characteristics of obligate mutualists with significantly reduced genomes and long phylogenetic branches. The remaining four strains cluster on short branches, and their genomes resemble those of free-living bacteria or facultative symbionts. Both phylogenetic positions and genomic traits indicate that evolutionary history of the Hippoboscidae-Arsenophonus associations is a mixture of short-term coevolutions with at least four independent origins. The comparative approach to a reconstruction of B vitamin pathways across the available Arsenophonus genomes has produced two kinds of patterns. On one hand, it indicates the different importance of individual B vitamins in the host-symbiont interaction. While some (riboflavin, pantothenate, and folate) seem to be synthesized by all Hippoboscidae-associated obligate symbionts, pathways for others (thiamine, nicotinamide, and cobalamin) are mostly missing. On the other hand, the broad comparison has produced patterns that can serve as bases for further assessments of the pathways' completeness and functionality. IMPORTANCE Insects that live exclusively on vertebrate blood utilize symbiotic bacteria as a source of essential compounds, e.g., B vitamins. In louse flies, the most frequent symbiont originated in genus Arsenophonus, known from a wide range of insects. Here, we analyze genomic traits, phylogenetic origins, and metabolic capacities of 11 Arsenophonus strains associated with louse flies. We show that in louse flies, Arsenophonus established symbiosis in at least four independent events, reaching different stages of symbiogenesis. This allowed for comparative genomic analysis, including convergence of metabolic capacities. The significance of the results is twofold. First, based on a comparison of independently originated Arsenophonus symbioses, it determines the importance of individual B vitamins for the insect host. This expands our theoretical insight into insect-bacteria symbiosis. The second outcome is of methodological significance. We show that the comparative approach reveals artifacts that would be difficult to identify based on a single-genome analysis.

Sexual dimorphism in the lacertid lizard Apathya cappadocica (Werner, 1902) (Reptilia: Lacertidae) from southeastern Türkiye

Apathya cappadocica is a medium-sized lizard species included in the family Lacertidae. The species is known from Türkiye, Northern Syria, Iraq, and Western Iran. Sexual dimorphism (SD), which is a phenomenon including phenotypic differences between males and females, has many effects on behaviour, shape and size characteristics. A total of 87 adult lizard specimens collected from south-eastern Anatolia were used in this study. The results of ANOVA showed that all morphometric features exhibited a pattern in which males have larger size than females. According to principal component analysis (PCA), the first three factors explain 81.553% of the total variance. Differences in head size between sexes have been well-documented in lizards and are associated with male-male aggression which results in mating success. This kind of pattern is supported by this study. Additionally, the results showed that males have more femoral pores, which is a signalling mechanism for sexual selection, than females. In conclusion, it can be accepted that the species in the genus Apathya has a similar pattern in accordance with the larger male theory.

Boundary Surveillance Using a Novel Target Switching Technique

The paper focuses on the analysis of different kinds of patterns that have been generated using an autonomous unicycle agent. This unicycle agent considers only range information for controlling its trajectory. Using this range information the proposed controller controls the angular speed of the agent while keeping its forward speed constant. Based on the revolution of the agent around a stationary target point the paper discusses two different types of annular patterns. This paper also implements a novel target switching strategy called mid-point switching for both types of described annular patterns. The proposed switching strategy found application in a wide range of areas such as landmine de-mining, exploration, area coverage, etc. One of the key applications is surveillance around regular/irregular-shaped boundaries. We have explored this application to demonstrate the utility of the proposed switching technique. We have simulated the implemented approach of switching targets and its application in boundary surveillance to verify the results that we have found.

Effects of wood texture and color on aesthetic pleasure: two experimental studies

The texture and color on wood are key factors that influence an individual's perception of it. However, little research has been done to confirm what kind of pattern in textures and colors are more likely to evoke individual aesthetic pleasure. Therefore, twenty-four decorative wood from northern China were selected, identified, and quantified in their colors with a CR-5 Colorimeter. We picked out eight kinds of wood with optimal texture characteristics through feature-fusion wood grain recognition (FWGR) and enhanced the texture features with photoshop in VR space. The result show that, in the color dimension, woods in the hue range of 20-25 and saturation of 65-75 were considered beautiful for individual perception of aesthetic. In the texture dimension, the size of the space affects the individual's preference for texture. When the pattern of the wood ray is continuous and clear, the individual's perception of its fluidity is enhanced; while for the fuzzy and interrupted pattern of the wood ray, the individual does not follow the fluidity of the line but focuses on the overall uniformity.

The Phenomenon of Corruption and Efforts to Combat Corruption in Indonesia

Corruption that occurs in Indonesia is very worrying and has an extraordinary negative impact on almost all aspects of life. Corruption has destroyed the economic system, democratic system, political system, legal system, government system, and social order in this country. On the other hand, efforts to eradicate corruption that have been carried out so far have not shown optimal results. Corruption at various levels still occurs as if it has become a part of life and is even considered a normal thing. If this condition is allowed to continue, sooner or later corruption will destroy this country. Corruption has three phenomena which include: bribery, extortion, and nepotism. Corruption usually involves other parties, which contains fraud on public bodies or the general public, betrayal of trust, for self-interest, other people or entities that can harm the country's finances or the country's economy. The formulation classified as a criminal act of corruption today can be seen in Law Number. 31 of 1999 concerning the Eradication of Corruption; juncto (jo) Law Number 20 of 2001 concerning Amendments to Law Number 31 of 1999 concerning the Eradication of Corruption Crimes (UUPTPK). The birth of reform has determined corruption as the "enemy" together, in fact it is even more "rampant" with a more sophisticated modus operandi. Corruption is decentralized in various sectors of life and decentralized to the lowest level of life. At the national economic level, current government policies that have the most potential for corruption are political corruption by plundering BUMN assets and playing on contracts. Privatization carried out by the government so far is often not carried out in a transparent manner and there is no public accountability. This kind of pattern has the potential for deviation and has the potential to be misused for the benefit of a particular party or for the sake of maintaining a regime. Observing the phenomenon of corruption in our country as well as the causes of corruption and its impact in the form of suffering for the people, a determination arises that corruption must be eradicated. Once again, corruption must be eradicated

Sufficient Networks for Computing Support of Graph Patterns

Graph mining is the process of extracting and analyzing patterns from graph data. Graphs are a data structure that consists of a set of nodes and a set of edges that connect these nodes. Graphs are often used to represent real-world entities and the relationships between them. In a graph database, the importance of a pattern (also known as support) must be quantified using a counting function called a support measure. This function must adhere to several constraints, such as antimonotonicity that forbids a pattern to have support bigger than its sub-patterns. These constraints make the tasks of defining and computing support measures highly non-trivial and computationally expensive. In this paper, I use the previously discovered relationship between support measures in graph databases and flows in networks of subgraph appearances to simplify the process of computing support measures. I show that the network of pattern instances may be successfully pruned to contain just particular kinds of patterns and prove that any legitimate computing support measures in graph databases can adopt this strategy. When the suggested method is utilized, experimental evaluation demonstrates that network size reduction is significant.

Regular Patterns of Quadratic Residues

For an odd prime p we determine four kinds of patterns concerning the distribution of quadratic residues depending on three parameters, according to the class of p modulo 8.

The cradle of nonlinear asteroseismology: observations of oscillation mode variability in compact pulsating stars

We briefly review progress in developing a pathway to nonlinear astereoseismology, both from theoretical and observational aspects. As predicted by the theory of weak nonlinear interactions between resonant modes, their amplitude and frequency can be modulated according to various kinds of patterns. However, those subtle modulations could hardly be well characterized from ground-based photometric monitoring. The Kepler spacecraft offered a new window to find clear-cut evidence of well-determined amplitude and frequency modulations, leading to the first discoveries of such variations in pulsating white dwarf and hot B subdwarf stars. Fol-lowing that direction, a systematic survey of oscillation mode properties in compact pulsators monitored by Kepler suggests that mode variability is likely a common phenomenon, which remain unaccounted for by standard linear non-radial pulsation theory. To reach this conclusion firmly, the survey has now been extended to a larger context including compact stars observed by K2 and TESS. We expect that this extended survey will help to constrain key parameters governing weak nonlinear effects in stellar oscillations.

When morphology meets regular polysemy

This study investigates the existence of complex morphological patterns that include a regular polysemy extension. Such complex patterns derive ambiguous words whose semantic types are both related and specified. To address this issue, nouns derived from verbs in French are investigated. A sample of 2,953 deverbal nouns ending with 46 suffixes are collected and systematically analyzed with respect to semantic properties and lexical ambiguity. Thirty-eight complex patterns are identified. The formation of ambiguous nouns whose meanings fit into a regular polysemy pattern appears as a discriminative property of some suffixes. Different kinds of patterns are further distinguished, depending on whether secondary meanings in complex patterns can be directly related to a base verb or not. In accordance with the literature on the polysemy of nominalizations, the semantic categories of EVENT and RESULT are prominent in morphological patterns, but other semantic types such as AGENT, INSTITUTION and COGNITIVE OBJECT are importantly represented as well. In addition, metonymy is the main semantic figure observed in complex patterns. Overall, the article sheds new light on the relationship between word formation and lexical polysemy by describing the possibility of direct association between them.

Feasibility Study of Automatic Learning Defect Segmentation System for Patterned Textiles

A conventional shuttle loom was equipped with an industrial camera to capture textile images while weaving. Both defect-free textiles and four types of defect textiles were weaved for five kinds of patterns. The defect textiles were intentionally added the defects at the weaving stage. A unique convolutional autoencoder was individually trained on the normal image data of these textiles, and differences were taken between defective input and output images using a trained model. Model accuracies of defect segmentation were verified by calculating the AUC values taken from residual maps and ground truths prepared by visual inspection. The time until the model achieved satisfactory accuracy was also examined. The resulting model achieved extremely high accuracy for specific defects, regardless of patterns. Longer one repeating pattern required longer training time, although training time was short enough to train while weaving. Thus, this study showed the feasibility of an automatic learning defect segmentation system to train for each pattern individually.

An Efficient and Universal Static and Dynamic Convex Optimization for Array Synthesis

In this letter, a novel static-dynamic convex optimization algorithm is proposed for array synthesis, which can be divided into static and dynamic successive optimization stages. At the first stage, the synthetic direction graph is constructed as a second-order cone programming problem so that an initial excitation is quickly obtained. Next, by serving the results obtained previously as the initial excitation, an iterative operation is implemented to obtain a high-precise solution. Moreover, in order to effectively ensure the continuity of the solution process and approach the feasible solution, shrinkage factor and crossover operator are introduced. Four tough examples of synthesizing different kinds of patterns are conducted to validate the feasibility and effectiveness of the proposed method. Results show that compared with the existing representative methods, the proposed algorithm is of high computational efficiency and universality.

Expressive timing and mechanical instruments: exploring temporal idiomaticity in some music box performances

Drawing on earlier work in digital musicology that analysed beat onset data to create timing profiles for recorded performances, this research addresses the question of what kinds of timing data might be produced by a hand-cranked mechanical instrument. Mechanical instruments have been studied as part of the pre-history of recording technologies, but have not typically been considered seriously as performance media. However, a prominent tradition of nineteenth-century street performance – organ grinding – relied on mechanical instruments. If a hand-cranked mechanical instrument does not produce a totally regular rendition, then what might such a performance look like in terms of temporal variation? My hypothesis was that different players would produce different kinds of patterns, and that some of these patterns could be related to conventions of expressive performance. Six participants played two extracts, by Scott Joplin and Fredric Chopin, on a music box. I extracted onset bpm data using Sonic Visualiser and used a combination of Self-Organising Maps and manual data analysis to broadly group the different patterns of emphasis in these recordings and six others by professional pianists for comparison. The data showed that several participants employed phrase-arching, and also indicated not only 1) that different players demonstrated different tendencies in terms of temporal variation and beat emphasis but also 2) that different tendencies emerged among music box players across the two repertoire samples. I argue that these results suggest that it is possible to play both idiomatically and expressively with a hand-cranked mechanical instrument.