Kind Of Life Cycle Research Articles

Smartphone and Tablet Application (App) Life Cycle Characterization via Apple App Store Rank

With the rapid growth of the smartphone and tablet market, mobile application (App) industry that provides a variety of functional devices is also growing at a striking speed. Product life cycle (PLC) theory, which has a long history, has been applied to a great number of industries and products and is widely used in the management domain. In this study, we apply classical PLC theory to mobile Apps on Apple smartphone and tablet devices (Apple App Store). Instead of trying to utilize often-unavailable sales or download volume data, we use open-access App daily download rankings as an indicator to characterize the normalized dynamic market popularity of an App. We also use this ranking information to generate an App life cycle model. By using this model, we compare paid and free Apps from 20 different categories. Our results show that Apps across various categories have different kinds of life cycles and exhibit various unique and unpredictable characteristics. Furthermore, as large-scale heterogeneous data (e.g., user App ratings, App hardware/software requirements, or App version updates) become available and are attached to each target App, an important contribution of this paper is that we perform in-depth studies to explore how such data correlate and affect the App life cycle. Using different regression techniques (i.e., logistic, ordinary least squares, and partial least squares), we built different models to investigate these relationships. The results indicate that some explicit and latent independent variables are more important than others for the characterization of App life cycle. In addition, we find that life cycle analysis for different App categories requires different tailored regression models, confirming that inner-category App life cycles are more predictable and comparable than App life cycles across different categories.

‘If you’re wrong for the place you just don’t survive’: examining the work of early career teachers in context

ABSTRACTThis article presents evidence from across the segregated secondary school system in NSW, Australia, through the close analysis of three cases of teachers’ work in contrasting schooling contexts. Through this comparative approach, the relationship between school context and the work of the early career teacher is foregrounded, troubling views of teaching as reflecting a certain kind of life cycle in which early career teachers in particular are seen to be subject to pressures such as stress and burnout. In contrast, I argue that specificities of context, exacerbated by a market-based policy approach which has driven greater levels of differentiation between schools, have particular consequences for teachers, both in the nature and scale of the challenges with which they are faced. In demonstrating how teachers’ work is affected by context, I also speak back against recent, often ill-defined discourses of ‘classroom readiness’ and ‘teacher quality’, which emphasise the roles of teachers and teacher educators rather the systems within which they work.

СТИЛИ ДЕЛОВОГО ОБЩЕНИЯ КАК МОДЕЛЬ: ФЕНОМЕН СТИЛЯ, ПОДХОДЫ, ИССЛЕДОВАНИЯ, ОТКРЫТЫЕ ВОПРОСЫ. ЧАСТЬ 1

Research into styles in psychology (from the 1950s to the 2000s) has undergone a kind of life cycle − from styles being widely studied to those falling into oblivion. Further constructive study of this problem requires creation of new R&D (research and development) programs, generalization of the experience gained in various schools of thought. The paper aims to provide a historical and theoretical analysis concerning the results of research on the phenomenon of «style» in Russian psychology; the research subject is the phenomenon of style (individual style of activity, styles of activity, styles of business communication). Hypotheses: 1. Regular reproduction of the same standard approaches in research and development does not promote constructive progress in the study of a scientific problem. 2. The study of the phenomenon of «style» based on the model of business communication styles allows us to emphasize several aspects in the evolution and functioning of style that were not distinguished when studying styles on other models (educational, sports, work). The article critically analyzes the history and results of studying the problem of style (individual style of activity, styles of activity) in Russian psychology (particularly within the Perm school), the use of the concept of «system» in Russian psychology, attitudes towards scientific opponents, trends in R & D within one school of thought, etc. The conditions for further constructive studies of the phenomenon of style are discussed (using new models that contribute to the discovery of new properties of style, making it possible not to attribute but to study its systemic properties as a unique psychological system; raising questions about the place and role of different styles in the processes of a phenomenon’s formation–development–functioning– disintegration, about the unity and difference of styles in the «chain» of their manifestations, about their structural and functional unity, about the self-similarity of their organization, etc.). Use of the model of business communication styles is believed to contribute to solving relevant scientific problems.

Superproof about Sexual Reproduction and Life Cycle in the Parasitic Generation of Strongyloides stercoralis in Human Host

Background and study aim: Strongyloides stercoralis was believed to have two kinds of life cycles. One of them was an internal parthenogenetic life cycle that constituted the parasitic generation. Some authors also stated that this parasitic generation of the internal life cycle used to reproduce only by protandrogony (i.e., hermaphroditism). The second type of life cycle was the external sexual cycle, interacting among free-living worms that represented the free-living generation in soil. The key objectives of this study were to: verify the type of reproduction in the parasitic generation of S. stercoralis, and demonstrate the complete integrated life cycles of both parasitic and free-living generations of S. stercoralis. Patients and Methods: The major sites of stool sample collection were selected to be the elementary schools (from students) at Dilla District, because S. stercoralis was ascertained to be endemic in this region. The parasitic worms of Strongyloides stercoralis obtained from fresh stools were used to set growth culture of free-living generation of this very species and to find the free-living male and female in copulation from the growth culture. A set of parasitic male & female in copulation isolated from a fresh stool sample of a patient under medical care in a hospital was also included. Results: The male and female worms of S. stercoralis had been isolated from both parasitic and free-living generations while they were in the actual copulation. Conclusion: The method of reproduction in the parasitic generation of S. stercoralis in human host was practically proved to be certainly sexual. This verified conclusion was the first practical achievement in the entire globe by solving the persistent problems (i.e., erroneous concepts of parthenogenesis and protandrogony as the types of reproduction in the parasitic generation of S. stercoralis) that had been misleading and puzzling the minds of the concerned scientists of the world until the establishment of this very achievement. Additionally, this achievement had enabled the investigator to construct the complete integrated life cycles of both parasitic and free-living generations of S. stercoralis.

Density-dependent vital rates and their population dynamic consequences.

We explore a set of simple, nonlinear, two-stage models that allow us to compare the effects of density dependence on population dynamics among different kinds of life cycles. We characterize the behavior of these models in terms of their equilibria, bifurcations. and nonlinear dynamics, for a wide range of parameters. Our analyses lead to several generalizations about the effects of life history and density dependence on population dynamics. Among these are: (1) iteroparous life histories are more likely to be stable than semelparous life histories; (2) an increase in juvenile survivorship tends to be stabilizing; (3) density-dependent adult survival cannot control population growth when reproductive output is high: (4) density-dependent reproduction is more likely to cause chaotic dynamics than density dependence in other vital rates; and (5) changes in development rate have only small effects on bifurcation patterns.

Thoughts About Life Cycle Phases

ABSTRACTThe question “What are the life cycle phases that a system must go through?” has been one of interest and confusion to many folks involved with engineering systems. The problem is that a set of life cycle phases is established from the perspective of a singular domain without consideration or knowledge of other domain life cycles. Thus, when a discussion is held with someone outside a particular domain, the life cycle phases are found to differ significantly by number, name, and purpose. These differences create confusion, misunderstanding, and often conflict.This paper is designed to put some order to the various domains of thought about life cycles. Four kinds of life cycles are discussed: Acquisition, Project, Development, and Product. The key life cycle of these four is Development. How this life cycle relates to the other three is a focus of this paper.The Development Life Cycle is akin to the spiral model and incremental builds approach used for software development.The premise is that life cycle phases are defined and implemented to manage the inherent risks involved with engineering a system.

Alternation of Sex Ratio in a Partially Bivoltine Bee, Megachile rotundata (Hymenoptera: Megachilidae)

Data on offspring production by the alfalfa leafcutting bee, Megachile rotundata (F.), from three site-years were used to examine predictions of parental investment and sex ratio theory. In northern Utah, spring-emergent adults produce two types of offspring: those that develop directly to the adult stage and emerge in midsummer, and those that develop to the prepupal stage and enter diapause until the following year. For species with this kind of life cycle, it has been hypothesized that spring parents should bias their investment in summer emergent progeny towards females if spring males survive to participate in the summer mating. Results from all site-years support the theory. The sex ratio of summer-emergent progeny is always biased towards females, that of diapausing progeny is usually biased towards males, and there is always a significant difference between the two; and there is no difference in the sex ratio of diapausing offspring, whether produced by the spring or summer generations. However, the main premise of the theory remains unsubstantiated: in a preliminary estimate, we found the probability that spring males participate in summer matings to be very low. The import of the unexpected finding that diapausing progeny are 50% larger than summer-emergent progeny is discussed.

The Family and the Dynamics of Personal Services

The birthplace of personal services, often seen as activities where peripheral jobs can be created, is the family. Home production is more and more tertiary, and deserves a better knowledge, as the shift between domestic, marketed, collective and associative services is important and reversible. The demographic and sociological evolution of the family, the increase of female working activity, the greater plurality of family types implies more diversified and less stanchrdised personal services. A kind of life cycle recourse to services can be observed and personal services of the future would be a patchwork of marketed, collective, associative and domestic services.