Kinds Of Contacts Research Articles

Exploring the Composer-Performer-Teacher Role Complex in Fostering Creativity in Music Education

The article considers the interaction system between the processes of creating a musical composition, performance and pedagogy, which is currently a particularly topical issue. The main purpose of the article is to actualise the attention to this dilemma of representatives of the Ukrainian musical and pedagogical community, including composers, performers, teachers, and to comprehend the importance of the triune role complex. The article analyses the block “composer – performer – teacher” using the methods of historical and interdisciplinary approaches. Data different in nature, directions of musical activity constitute a single whole in real practice. The system of the educational process in various educational institutions, the problems of interaction between the teacher and the student, the specifics of the self-realisation of the individual in the creative musical area were also covered. In the course of the study, it was determined that composer creativity, performance and music education are carried out in the interaction process of such objects as music and pedagogy, teacher and student, various kinds of contacts among employees on creative and educational activities in terms of world and, in particular, Ukrainian culture. The practical significance of the study is to update and expand the scope of the modern educational system through the application of the trinity principles “composer – performer – teacher” in the process of mastering the curriculum. It is designed to make the interaction of professional musicians with the audience and students more effective, to create the conditions necessary for the training of musical personnel of the highest level, and also to form an awareness of the importance and equivalence of each of the components of this triad.

Implementation of Highly Reliable Contacts for RF MEMS Switches.

A contact is the key structure of RF MEMS (Radio Frequency Microelectromechanical System) switches, which has a direct impact on the switch's electrical and mechanical properties. In this paper, the implementation of highly reliable contacts for direct-contact RF MEMS switches is provided. As a soft metal material, gold has the advantages of low contact resistance, high chemical stability, and mature process preparation, so it is chosen as the metal material for the beam structure as well as the contacts of the switch. However, a Pt film is used in the bottom contact area to enhance the reliability of the contact. Three kinds of contacts with various shapes are fabricated using different processes. Particularly, a circular-shaped contact is obtained by dry/wet combined processes. The detailed fabrication process of the contacts as well as the Pt film on the bottom contact area are given. The experimental test shows that the contact shape has little effect on the RF performance of the switches. However, the circular contact shows better reliability than other contacts and can work well even after 1.2 × 109 cycles.

TRANSLATION IS ONE OF THE EFFECTIVE WAYS OF TEACHING READING AND UNDERSTANDING SCIENTIFIC LITERATURE

As a result of the development of international contacts at all levels and due to their increasing intensity, translation activity in all its varieties has acquired an unprecedented scope. Scientific and technological progress, covering all new areas of life, international cooperation in various fields, the expected population explosion, and other important phenomena of civilization lead to an unprecedented development of various kinds of contacts, both between states and between multilingual societies of people. Under these conditions, the role of translation as a means of serving the socio-political, economic, scientific, cultural, aesthetic and other relations of peoples is extremely growing.

Asymmetric Coordination Mode of Phenanthroline-like Ligands in Gold(I) Complexes: A Case of the Antichelate Effect

A series of new cationic complexes [(PPh3)Au(L)](OTf) (L = 1,10-phenanthroline (phen) (1); 5,6-dimethyl-1,10-phenanthroline (dmphen) (2); 5,6-epoxy-5,6-dihydro-1,10-phenanthroline (ephen) (3); dimethyl 2,2’-biquinoline-4,4’-dicarboxylate (dmcbiq) (4); 2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9-octachloro-1,10-phenantroline (ocphen) (5)) were obtained in high yields by the standard ligand exchange reactions from [(PPh3)AuCl]. The compounds were characterized by analytical and spectroscopic methods. For all compounds, the crystal structure was established using X-ray diffraction analysis. In all structures, an atypical asymmetric mode of coordination of the diimine ligand (one shortened and the second elongated Au–N bond) was found, which is a consequence of the so-called antichelate effect. Structures 1–3 with electron-donating substituents (H, methyl, epoxide) are the most asymmetric, while structures 4 and 5 with electron-withdrawing groups (CO2Me and Cl) are the least asymmetric. According to the results of the density functional theory (DFT) calculations, both Au–N bonds are covalent, and the geometry around gold(I) can be considered as a distorted triangular one. Cationic complexes [(PPh3)Au(L)]+ form dimers in the crystal structure due to π–π interactions, the calculated energy of which reaches 4.2 kcal·mol–1 in the case of structure 5. These dimers in 5 additionally interact with OTf– anions through different kinds of contacts with a calculated total energy of 8.8 kcal·mol–1. Inside the {[(PPh3)Au(ocphen)]2}2+ associates, intermolecular Au···Cl noncovalent interactions were also found. Remarkably, the dimers in 5 are built through nonclassical π–π interactions between geometrically different parts of the ocphen ligand, which is a consequence of its asymmetric coordination to the gold(I) center. All complexes show multiple photoluminescence in the solid state at room temperature. The lifetimes of the excited state are in the microsecond range, which is characteristic of phosphorescence. Time-dependent DFT (TD-DFT) calculations reveal that electronic transitions of different nature are responsible for the photoluminescence of complexes 1–5.

Analysis of the Development of Islamic Education Policy Through History in Indonesia

The process of forming and developing an Islamic community in Indonesia first went through various contacts, including buying and selling contracts, marriage contacts and direct da'wah contacts, both individually and collectively. From these various kinds of contacts, the process of Islamic education and teaching takes place, although in a simple scope. The process of developing Islamic education policies can then be seen through history based on the implementation of Islamic education policies that previous communities have carried out. This research was conducted using a qualitative approach with secondary data. The study results show that there are differences in curriculum and goals in Islamic education at each time. This is because the community's needs at these times are different from each other to produce different Islamic education policies.

Understanding the effects of intercalated molecules on structural superlubric contacts

Third bodies are ubiquitous in meso- and nanoscopic friction pairs. So far, few researchers have investigated their effects on structural superlubric contact which is a promising approach in reducing friction and wear. In this work, using molecular dynamics simulations we find that intercalated molecules, a typical type of third body, have multiple effects in graphite contacts. While for commensurate contacts the friction decreases with the coverage of intercalated molecules in general, for an incommensurate interface a complex dependence is observed. With state-of-the-art detailed analysis, we reveal that with coverage increases, for commensurate contacts the change in contact area accounts for the variation in friction. For incommensurate contacts, the resistance due to the direct interaction between intercalated molecules and the slider dominates the energy dissipation. For both kinds of contacts, complex transitions in the structures and kinetic behaviors of intercalated molecules are observed. Our results provide an overall picture for the effects of intercalated molecules on friction in structural superlubric systems.

CMOS compatible novel integration solution for broad range tunable photodetection using phase-change material based heterostructures

Heterostructures (HS) have always been in attraction due to their inherited properties and different important applications. Integration of a phase-change material (PCM) with HS can tremendously extend the operating and application range using the “phase-tuning” of PCM for any optoelectronic devices. In the present study, we report a detailed study of electrical and optoelectronic characteristics of a p-p and p-n HS combining Ge2Sb2Te5 (GST) and Si. Reasonable 2 order of resistance switching is achieved by thermal annealing. The changes in optical properties are analysed using Ellipsometry, UV–Vis–NIR and Raman spectroscopy to speculate the optoelectronic behaviour of GST/Si samples. The optical and electrical characterization were analysed with aluminium (Al), platinum (Pt) and Ti/Au contacts. Appreciable rectifications varying from 500 to 1,000 at lower voltages are achieved with different contacts for both phases of GST. The change in rectification amount and current polarity are obtained with different kinds of contacts and at different incident wavelengths indicating different mechanisms of charge separation and collection. Responsivity of more than 9 A/W with < 1,000 photo-current to dark-current ratio is demonstrated in wavelength range of 0.8–2 μm under moderate range of biasing under ~ μW source power illumination. The characteristics obtained were justified with the prediction of band alignment with the help of work-function difference measurement by Kelvin-probe force microscopy and carrier density measurement by Hall experiment. Our results provide understanding to the opto-electrical behaviour of a heterojunction made of stacking PCM (GST) on Si highlighting their future use in photonic/optoelectronic-integrated circuits.

Solvent influence on the crystal packing of 6-aminothiocytosine.

The crystal structures of 6-aminothiocytosine (systematic name: 4,6-diamino-1,2-dihydropyrimidine-2-thione, DAPMT, C4H6N4S), its hemihydrate (0.5H2O) and its dimethylformamide (DMF, C3H7NO) monosolvate were compared, and the influence of the type of solvent on the supramolecular motifs was analysed. In all three crystal structures, there are two symmetry-independent molecules (A and B), and these molecules are connected by three relatively short and directional hydrogen bonds to form chains of alternating A and B molecules. A further organization of these chains is dependent on the nature of the solvent molecule. In the unsolvated form, two orientations of the neighbouring chains are observed, and similar motifs - but only one per structure - can be observed in the solvated structures. These two different motifs can be connected by two different kinds of contacts, i.e. either π-π (hemihydrate) or staple-supported S...S (DMF). In the crystal structures, the O atoms of the solvent molecules are double acceptors of the same type of hydrogen bonds and bind the chains of DAPMT molecules into different motifs (dimeric or infinite chains). A Hirshfeld fingerprint analysis was used for visualization and additional interpretation of these results.

Variations on Russian motifs in Slovak prose of the 21th century

The historical and cultural ties between Slovakia and Russia have a long tradition. They manifested themselves and continue to appear both directly, in the form of various kinds of contacts, and indirectly, in different versions of their artistic understanding. Russian motifs and characters found in the Slovak prose of recent years, perform certain creative tasks that the author sets for himself. In the realistic literature of the 21st century, the Russian characters represent individual, historically and psychologically determined types that include both politicians and ordinary people. The time of narration usually refers to the past, that is, to the period of socialism. Particularly, they dwell upon the topic of the Gulag, the August events of 1968 in Czechoslovakia and reproduce pictures of the subsequent years of “normalization”. Examples of such a reflection of Russian motifs and figures are the works of S. Rakus, P. Rankov, J. Banaš. The use of Russian realities and themes in the literature of postmodernism gives other possibilities for its embodiment. The authors prefer a predominantly metaphorical, allegorical form. This is illustrated by the books of P. Vilikovsky, M. Hvoretsky, D. Majling. They contain allusions to Russian images and realities, conditioned by the intertextuality inherent to postmodernism, and use techniques of pastiche, palimpsest, grotesque, and absurdity.

Versatile model for the contact region of organic thin-film transistors

Abstract Contact effects in organic thin film transistors (OTFTs) remain an important problem to be solved in these devices. Therefore, the correct physio-chemical modeling of the contact regions in OTFTs is necessary. In this work, a versatile model for the contact region of OTFTs is proposed, since it describes the current-voltage characteristics of different kinds of contacts. It reproduces the behavior of Schottky barrier or space-charge limited contacts. It is a simple unified model since only a single parameter is necessary in order to distinguish between both kinds of contacts. The model is easily integrated in a generic compact model for the current-voltage characteristics of OTFTs. The resulting compact model, used in combination with an evolutionary parameter extraction procedure, allows to extract the intrinsic parameters and the current-voltage curves at the contact of single short-channel transistors. There is no need to use transistors with multiple channel lengths to accurately characterize the contact region or the active channel of the transistor. The model is tested with published experimental data of OTFTs with Schottky barrier or space-charge limited contacts. Finally, the method has been used as a diagnostic tool to analyze how an ammonia sensor reacts to different concentrations of the ammonia gas. Interestingly, alterations in the contact region have been detected when the gas concentration varies, transforming the space-charge limited contact of a pristine OTFT into a Schottky barrier contact under the exposure of gas.

The semantics of the sociality of animate nouns (based on Portuguese language)

In this article the author examines the semantics of the sociality of Portuguese anthroponyms and pronominal nouns. Language, functioning in a social environment, implements various kinds of contacts between members of a certain community. The semantics of anthroponyms and pronominal nouns reflected the evolution of the ethnos and the model of relations between members of society. The significance of sociality in a single Portuguese-speaking country has its own specifics related to the history of peoples.

2018 Presidential Address: Middle East Studies Reckons with Walls and Spoils

Our conference this year celebrates crossing borders with the theme “Without Boundaries: The Global Middle East, Then and Now.” In this spirit, I would like to reflect on some of what we have been facing recently in Middle East studies. We have seen challenges to the free circulation of people, ideas, and knowledge, and to the kinds of contacts and exchanges that invigorate our work. And, ironically enough, as restrictions on travel, study, and research have proliferated, the purloining of the cultural property of the region has been proceeding apace. Researchers, students, and scholars in general can move less and less, while the flow of cultural materials from the Middle East to the west has been moving more and more in ways that raise serious ethical questions. MESA and many of its members have been actively engaging these issues, and I will return to some of our accomplishments later in this piece.

Experimental and Simulation Research on Influence of Axial Magnetic Field Components on Vacuum Arc Between Transverse Magnetic Field Contacts

The vacuum transverse magnetic field (TMF) contacts have the advantages of simple structure, short current path, and low cost. Arcing process and arc characteristics between the TMF contacts directly determine the temperature distribution and ablation of the contact surface, which are closely related to the breaking ability of the contacts. The axial magnetic field (AMF) component generated by the TMF contact structure also affects the arcing process. In this paper, five kinds of contacts with different starting positions of spiral slots were experimentally investigated in a demountable vacuum chamber. The arc appearance and the arc characteristics during different arcing stages and the surface utilization of the contacts were analyzed. The magnetic characteristics of arc in different stages were simulated. It was found that the arc with small AMF component has a large diameter and small range of motion. The arc with large AMF component might jet toward the outside of the interelectrode.

Experimental Investigation of Triggered Vacuum Arc Behavior Under Different Composite Structural Contacts

Using magnetic fields to control the vacuum arc is a major way to improve the breaking capacity of vacuum interrupters. Besides the single transverse magnetic field (TMF) and single axial magnetic field (AMF), new type of TMF-AMF contact and TMF-TMF contact structures have been put forward to control the vacuum arc in recent years. In this paper, three different structural contacts are used in the experiments. The arc evolution was captured by an high-speed digital video camera, and at the same time, the arc current and arc voltage wave were recorded. The experiment was conducted under current ranging from 5 to 20 kA (root mean square) and 10 mm of gap distance. There are 12 current shots performed on one contact design. There are four current levels in the experiment which are 5, 10, 15, and 20 kA, and three tests are taken for each current level. The results showed that for TMF-AMF contacts, under low current (I = 5 or 10 kA), the arcs of the two kinds of contacts both kept diffused and rotating. Under high current (I = 20 kA), the arc of the TMF-AMF contact with six slots was constricted and rotated on the plate, and the melting was uniform and slight. As for the eight-slot contacts, the arc was constricted but did not rotate which resulted in significant melting in the local region. As for TMF-TMF contacts, the result is similar under low current, while the arc was constricted and rotated quickly on the inner plate under high current. The simulation results show that when the arc core is located on the outer plate; the total Lorentz force is near zero. When the arc core is located on the inner plate, the direction of total force is counterclockwise.

A special event as a tool to implement PR-technologies in the library

Currently public relations are an integral part of management and a vital technology of our modern society. Especially the fact is undoubted that any organization activity nowadays is closely connected with the surrounding society and development of various kinds of contacts, libraries are no exception. Therefore, as a socio-cultural institution a library can’t ignore the effect of public relations on its activities. In addition, the time requires developing new mechanisms of libraries work, among them organizing a specific event is a PR perspective direction and tool. In market conditions this tool plays a significant role in improving the library image, and becomes an integral part of library work. In this regard, the study goal is to reveal the specificity of organizing a special event as a tool of public relations. The study objectives are the following: to reveal the essence of public relations and basic tools, to consider the problem of organizing of public relations in references, to justify the necessity of using special events as a tool of public relations, to describe the features of organizing special events, to develop a program of special events, namely opening the club «Literary Universe». The authors describe the stages of organizing special events in detail and offer various options to fill their contents. They have elaborated a special event program: opening the club «Literary Universe». The club aims to attract the youth to a library establishment and to make familiar this age group with the best works of Russian and foreign literature. The club opening ceremony consists of several stages: assessing the existing situation, setting goals and objectives, defining the target groups, time and place, estimating a budget, a scenario preparation, information support, evaluating the event effectiveness. Detailed characteristics of the above stages are presented in the article.

Numerical studies of electrical contacts of carbon nanotubes-embedded epoxy under tensile loading

Numerical studies were performed to determine electrical contacts in carbon nanotubes (CNTs)-embedded epoxy under quasi-static tensile loading conditions. A realistic CNT network in epoxy was generated by random orientation and waviness by employing the Monte Carlo method. Two kinds of contacts between CNTs, namely Type-I (overlap) and Type-II (in-plane), were considered in generating a conductive network. A commercial finite element package, COMSOL, was used to determine the distance between these contacts and variation of these contacts during elastic deformation under tensile loading. Numerical predictions were later compared with the analytical results derived from experimental findings. The effect of initial f-ratio and the amount of waviness of CNTs on the variation of f-ratio (which is determined as a ratio of Type-II contacts to total contacts) was investigated as a function of axial strain. The initial f-ratio as well as the extent of waviness showed a significant effect on the change in the type of contacts with increasing axial strain values.

Social Support of Young Adults in the Light of Trust

IntroductionHigher educational institutions (HEI) have changed a lot during the past decades, mainly but not exquisitely owing to the Bologna process (Kryk, 2016). Universities used to create and foster strong communities, where teachers knew their students, developed their talents and have prepared them for life. Students used to form bonds for life and lasting friendships had been forged through/due to the demanding, but rewarding years of higher education (Baker, 2013; Androniceanu, Ohanyan, 2016; Jovovic et al., 2016; Berechet, 2016).However, the once elite education, which was available only for the selected few, has turned into something very different; showing the signs and bearing the disadvantages of mass education. The phenomenon is affecting not only the teacher-student, but the student-student relations. Students are not connected to each other the way they used to be; and the HEIs as means to create social embeddedness do not serve their purpose any more (Kezar, 2014). HEI have lost their power to retain their students (Gerdes, Mallinckrodt, 1994). Students do not identify themselves with their local university community; tend to make less and less friendships during their studies (Androniceanu, 2015; Popescu, Mourao, 2016). This lack of sufficient integration however, is affecting their commitment not only toward the HEI itself, but higher education in general (Tinto, 1987) and hence generates a vicious cycle. Online and blended learning, which is becoming a substantial component of the higher education system, is also an issue that cannot be neglected, when exploring the social embeddedness of students in HEI (Picciano, 2015; Shea, Bidjerano, 2010).Does this detachment mean that the students are lonely and lack the necessary social support because of the present way of how higher education is organised; or are the students different from those in the past favouring different kinds of contacts and connections, finding substitutes for HEIs as providers of social connections easy? Are the students of the 21st century well off regarding social support? Do they trust their peers more than their family members?The research presented in this paper aims to find answers to these questions. With the help of a quantitative research on 249 young adolescents in their bachelor studies I intend to identify the role of family and peers at the university in the social support of the respondents. Within this paper, I also tackle the importance of interpersonal trust and its effect on the social support of those in the sample.I am well aware that the research presented in the paper is not suitable to validate relations of the variables investigated, however, the data presented are indicative, and thought inducing; and it can also form a basis for further research with a more targeted sampling.1.Social supportHumans are social beings. Not only because in this modern age only very few of us would be capable of sustaining his/her life without the help of others, but because humans like to belong. Having (significant) others around provides motivation and reward, can be source of reassurance and punishment, offers resources and support in informational, tangible as well as emotional sense. Thompson (1995) defined social embeddedness as frequency of contacts with others, which has a potential to integrate individuals into a supportive community. Frequency of contact however is not the only feature to be taken into consideration when exploring social embeddedness. The social network, and its strength to provide resources and support for the individual is also dependent on the size, diversity, functionality and variability of the social network the individual possesses and the centrality of the very person within this network.According to Bourdieu (1997) social support is a form of capital - namely that of social capital, which is strongly connected to the individual and hence can provide increasing return to its owner when utilised as a resource. …

Dynamic balance preservation and prevention of sliding for humanoid robots in the presence of multiple spatial contacts

The main indicator of dynamic balance is the $\mathit{ZMP}$ . Its original notion assumes that both feet of the robot are in contact with the flat horizontal surface (all contacts are in the same plane) and that the friction is high enough so that sliding does not occur. With increasing capabilities of humanoid robots and the higher complexity of the motion that needs to be performed, these assumptions might not hold. Having in mind that the system is dynamically balanced if there is no rotation about the edges of the feet and if the feet do not slide, we propose a novel approach for testing the dynamic balance of bipedal robots, by using linear contact wrench conditions compiled in a single matrix (Dynamic Balance Matrix). The proposed approach has wide applicability since it can be used to check the stability of different kinds of contacts (including point, line, and surface) with arbitrary perimeter shapes. Motion feasibility conditions are derived on the basis of the conditions which the wrench of each contact has to satisfy. The approach was tested by simulation in two scenarios: biped climbing up and walking sideways on the inclined flat surface which is too steep for a regular walk without additional support. The whole-body motion was synthesized and performed using a generalized task prioritization framework.

DNA/BSA interaction, bio-activity, molecular docking simulation study and electrochemical properties of hydrazone Schiff base derived Cu(II)/Ni(II) metal complexes: Influence of the nuclearity and metal ions

Three new transition metal complexes of a tridentate Schiff base ligand, H2L=N-(2-hydroxybenzylideneamino) benzamide, were synthesized in the presence of pyridine, 3-methylpyridine and the corresponding metal salts, and were characterized by FT-IR, UV–Vis and Raman spectroscopies, and cyclic voltammetry (CV). The crystal structures of the three complexes, [CuII2(L)2(py)2]·2ClO4(1), CuII2(L)2(3-Mepy)2(ClO4)2 (2) and [NiII(L)(py)3]ClO4 (3), were determined through X-ray crystallography. In the Cu complexes two different kinds of contacts were be found: shorter (in typical ranges) and longer (Cu–O around 2.5Å), which assemble the complexes into dimers. The coordination geometry is (taking into account the longer contacts) square-pyramidal in 1, while complexes 2 and 3 show an octahedral geometry. Numerous biological studies have been conducted on H2L and complexes 1–3. In vitro, their antibacterial activities were examined against Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria. The results of these studies indicated that all compounds had antibacterial activity against Gram-positive bacteria. Furthermore, binding studies of H2L and its complexes with calf thymus DNA (CT-DNA) were studied. Results analyzing the binding of H2L and the complexes to CT-DNA revealed a hyperchromic effect and a non-intercalative mode of binding. These observations also indicate significant alterations of the bovine serum albumin (BSA) secondary structure in circular dichroism (CD) spectra, specifically in the presence of H2L and the complexes, with the reduction of the α-helices content. A molecular docking simulation study of the complexes with Mycobacterium tuberculosis enoyl-acyl carrier protein reductase, InhA, using the Hex (v8.0.0) docking software indicated their probable inhibition property.

ROLE OF BUSINESS-SUBJECTS IN DEMOCRATIZATION PROCESS OF CONTEMPORARY RUSSIA

In this article the author attempts to reflect on the role and place of business-subjects in democratization process of contemporary Russia: business is one of the three sectors. The author developed a typology of business- subjects as a stakeholders of democratization process, which allows to discussion more detailed designated research agenda. The role and place of Russian business in democratization process can’t be analyzed without considering Russia's political system space, the specifics of which was most clearly indicated by the protest events after in 2011-2012. Discontinuation of various kinds of contacts between business-structures and civil society institutions has become the official policy derivative that does not contribute to democratization process based on the principles of partnership, publicity and multiple management technologies using. The author also reveals the importance of public support and solidarity by different interest groups in their relation to the business-subjects as actors of democratization. The data of the sociological survey conductedby "Levada Center" in August 2015 allowed to construct the graph of answers distribution to the question: "Do you think the activities of major Russian businessmen and entrepreneurs is now generally making anything for the benefit or to the detriment of Russia?",clearly demonstrating the absence of consolidated-positive attitude of the Russian public to the business. In conclusion the author offers practical recommendations to improving the role of business subjects in democratization process of contemporary Russia.