Kind Of Addiction Research Articles

Anime watching: is a new kind of addiction? Evaluation of psychopathologies and psychosocial factors associated with problematic anime watching among adolescents

BackgroundIn recent years, with the rapid development of technology, research on behavioral addiction concepts such as digital gaming disorders and problematic internet use has increased. As anime-watching has become widespread worldwide, it is thought that this behavior may be one of the areas of problematic technology use, especially in adolescence. However, studies evaluating problematic anime-watching behaviors within the framework of behavioral addictions are quite limited in the literature. In this study, problematic anime-watching behaviors, comorbid psychiatric disorders, and possible psychosocial factors were evaluated in 86 anime watchers aged between 12 and 18 years. Problematic anime-watching behaviors were evaluated according to the diagnostic criteria of other defined disorders related to addictive behaviors in ICD-11. A semi-structured interview tool was used to assess psychiatric comorbidities, and the IGDS9-SF adapted form for anime-watching, the Self-Efficacy Scale for Children, KIDCOPE, and the Social Anxiety Scale for Adolescents were used to collect other data.ResultsIt was determined that 36.8% of the 86 adolescents in our study had problematic anime-watching behavior. Compared to other adolescents, the problematic anime-watching group had significantly lower self-efficacy scores and significantly higher social anxiety and avoidant coping scores. A significant relationship was found between social anxiety disorder and watching problematic anime.ConclusionsThe present study showed that problematic watching of anime may be a variant of behavioral addiction. In conclusion, the relationship between problematic anime-watching behaviors and mental health warrants further examination.

Psychological and genetic parameters associated with the codependency: analytical review

Relevance. The number of people suffering from various kinds of addictions (alcohol, drugs, gambling and others) is growing every year. This is also associated with an increase in domestic violence and a deterioration in the quality of life. An important place in partnership, family relations has a family member (partner) living with an addict. Co-dependency as a personal characteristic of other family members in these conditions becomes important for rehabilitation and support, as well as therapy for antisocial behavior of addicts.Intention. The study was aimed to analyze the results of empirical and theoretical studies in psychology and related sciences on the phenomenon of codependency and identify genes that are most likely to be associated with codependency, attachment, behavior in relationships and the formation of adaptive and maladaptive codependent behavior strategies.Methodology. A theoretical analysis of the scientific literature on the problem has been carried out using the PubMed database, the Google Academy search platforms, and using the resources of the Scientific Electronic Library (eLIBRARY.ru).Results and Discussion. It is shown that with a complex structure, the codependency has a large number of connections with personality traits, which in turn have biological predictors and are associated with various genes. The results of psychogenetic studies on the role of genes in the formation of emotional and personal characteristics, dependent behavior, emotional attachment and features of human social behavior are described. These are mostly genes associated with the work of neurotransmitter systems and neuropeptide genes.Conclusion. In order to identify the biological determination of codependency, the study of polymorphisms of the DRD2, DAT, and OXTP genes will be the most promising. Also of interest are the DRD4, COMT, 5-HTTLPR, BDNF, MAOA, 5HT2A, 5HT1A, and PKNOX2 genes.

Self-medication practices among medical and dental undergraduate students: An institution-based cross-sectional study

Background: The students, especially medical and dental undergraduates are more involved in the self-medication practice as they are empowered with good knowledge of drugs and diseases and have greater access to medicine. Recent studies have shown a greater prevalence of self-medication among medical and dental students.Objective: The objective of this study is to study the prevalence and risk factors of self-medication practices among medical and dental undergraduate students.Methods: A cross-sectional study was carried out among 502, medical (252) and dental (250) students. A predesigned, pretested, and semistructured study questionnaire was used for the data collection of the present study. The students were contacted and they were given the self-administered questionnaire. The questionnaire was collected back once they finished it. The questionnaire did not include any identifying information of the students. All batch students were contacted.Results: Majority (35.9%) were aged 20 years. About 58.2% were females. There were 50.2% of medical and 49.8% of dental students. Almost no one agreed to have any kind of addiction; 53.8% were doing physical activity of <1 h. The prevalence of self-medication among students was 73.7%. It was 74.8% among dental students compared to 72.6% among medical students. The most common drug used for self-medication was paracetamol (30.3%). Most commonly, the drugs were used only for 1 day (33.5%). The most common condition for which the self-medication drug was used was cold (19.9%). No variable studied in the present study was found to be associated with self-medication.Conclusion: The prevalence of self-medication among medical and dental students was very high. However, the drugs used were not harmful and the frequency of use was limited. The practice of self-medication was similar in the two groups and it was not associated with any factors.

Interrelation of academic emotional burnout and various types of addictions in student-athletes

Relevance. The article emphasizes the relevance of students' emotional burnout study. This phenomenon is defined as academic burnout. It is noted that in student-athletes development it is due to the heterochronism of the professional activity stages and professional training stages. The similarity of the third burnout stage and addictive behavior is highlighted. The question is raised about the relationship between academic burnout and various kinds of addictions. The data of an experimental study, which included the study of two groups of student-athletes: full-time students, with an average age of 19 years, and part-time students, with an average age of 34 years, are presented. It was found that both groups have high burnout rates. Due to their age, young athletes prefer non-chemical addictions such as gaming and social media. In the adult group, attempts to cope with burnout were more associated with chemical addiction and workaholism. Using statistical methods, the relationship between emotional burnout in student athletes and a tendency to addictive behavior has been proved.Research methods and organization: Currently, the problem of various types of addictions – chemical and non–chemical - is gaining great importance and is reflected in the fundamental research of authors studying the nature and mechanisms of addictions.

Media and information literacy to counter disinformation

Over the past decade there is increasing recognition and acceptance that technological advancement and explosion of media and other information providers, including those on the Internet, have made it urgent for all citizens to acquire media and information competencies. Survival in knowledge societies requires that women, men, children and youth, in general all citizens, have the competencies to purposefully navigate the flood of information, decipher media messages they meet with, and to create and participate in media and interact online despite their race, gender, age, beliefs, ability or location. This rapid growth in technologies and media has opened up new forms of citizen engagement. Women/girls and men/boys’ use of social networking platforms has created a virtual second world. Meanwhile a large number of studies show that citizens do not have the competencies to effectively exploit the opportunities provided by this virtual world and at the same time minimize the potential risks. The risks are connected to the reliability of information, privacy, safety and security issues, and potential abuse of media, the Internet and other information providers. The spread of disinformation and ‘fake news’ poses a serious challenge for people in different countries, especially in the Arab World. This situation is even more serious in our part of the world where our young people in general use the new media with a kind of addiction. Students in particular and indeed all citizens need to develop pertinent competences to navigate these fast-changing environments and in order to be able to be empowered against “fake news”, "rumors" and "hate speech" spread all over the digital media. Education in media literacy can have positive outcomes on students’ knowledge, skills and attitudes in analyzing and critically understanding the media and disinformation/misinformation. Media and information literacy competences are also required in order to enable citizens to actively participate in democratic society; these competences enable citizens in general to access, understand and deal with the media, and encourage them to become participatory agents. Media and Information Literacy empowers citizens, including children and youth, with competencies related to media, information, information and communication technology (ICT) and other aspects of literacy which are needed for 21st century. These competencies include the ability to: access, find, evaluate, use the information they need in ethical and effective ways; understand the role and functions of media and other information providers such as libraries, museums and archives, including those on the Internet, in democratic societies and in the lives of individuals; understand the conditions under which media and information providers can fulfil their functions; critically evaluate information and media content; engage with media and information providers for self-expression, life-long learning, democratic participation, and good governance; and update skills (including ICTs skills) needed to produce content, including user-generated.

TERMINATION IN THE CATEGORY FREEDOM

An open question is the connection of such a particular state of mental life of a person as a state of termination with the philosophical category of freedom. Therefore, the purpose of the study is to prove the similarities of the category of freedom and the state of termination. To achieve this goal, it is manifested by what features the state of termination, as a certain psychological state of a person, is understood by the researcher as a state of freedom, by what properties and characteristics he has the opportunity to enter the philosophical category as «freedom». The methodology is based on a comparative method of research, that is, on the comparison of the characteristics of the category of freedom and the state of termination. In this study, the method of comparativeism is the identification of connections based on the comparison of different human states as phenomena of manifestations of the psyche and categories of philosophy that changed their content in different historical periods. That is, various human states are considered and the properties-characteristics of the state of cessation, the state under investigation, are revealed. At the same time, different views on freedom are considered as a philosophical category in its historical meaningful changes. Permanence and change at different historical times are even considered. The scientific news is that for the first time a comparison of the category of «freedom» and the state of termination is considered. The documentary literature on the basis of which the main property of such a state of human consciousness as termination is highlighted. According to this, the main characteristic was the analysis of the comparison of the state of «termination» and the philosophical category «freedom». The main properties-characteristics of the termination state have been identified. These prop – 2 erties-characteristics are compared with the characteristics of which the category «freedom» has. The conclusions show that the characteristics of the state of termination are similar to the ch It is established that there is a state in which a person feels self-sufficiency and freedom. All desires disappear for a while. It is proved that the state of termination is complete freedom from desires. lack of desire. It is also found that there is no need for external impressions. Man is free from all kinds of addictions. There is freedom. On the examples of documentaries of religious and mystical culture, it is established that in a state of feeling of freedom, also in a state of cessation, a person becomes above his desires, owns himself, he is free from shallow desires. This state of freedom and the state of termination are similar. aracteristics of the category «freedom».

The Application of ideas of Family Stress Theory in Foreign Research

The relevance of applying family stress theory in research practice is a consequence of increasingly varied stressful events occurring in the context of the evolution and transformation of such institutions as marriage and parenthood, as well as the unpredictable events taking place in the world. The main purpose of the review is to identify those subject areas of family sociology where the concepts of family stress theory (stressor, stress, crisis, resources, event perception, and strategies for coping with a stressful situation) are most often used or where empirical results are interpreted using this theory. Analysis was based on articles published in leading journals over the last decade: the Journal of Marriage and Family, the Journal of Family Issues, the Journal of Comparative Family Studies, as well as in open sources. Such papers were selected that contained the results of quantitative research and of using qualitative methods such as interviews with family members. Two main directions were identified. The first is the impact of pandemic–related stressors on families. The second is the stresses experienced by members of cross-border families and strategies for coping with stressful situations at the individual and family level. A large number of research articles on cross-border families are a result of the topic being relevant in many countries, on both the sending and receiving end. In turn, there is the possibility that cross-border families are more likely than others (depending on the criterion of typology) to be subject to various kinds of stressors. It is shown that in different countries, social groups and families the results of coping with the stressful events associated with the pandemic were both positive and negative. In some families the mental health of children and adolescents declined during the pandemic, there was a marked increase in parental stress, marital conflicts, frequency of alcohol consumption and domestic violence. The positive consequences of isolation for other families included an increase in the duration of family communication, accelerated development of new technologies in the household sphere, optimization of household financial management, a more equitable distribution of family roles. For example, more fathers became involved in child care and classes with schoolchildren, in helping their wives with household chores. Even studies conducted during the 20th century showed that husbands and fathers become active as soon as difficult situations arise and are removed from family responsibilities when there is no more urgent need for their participation, something that was once again confirmed by the whole pandemic situation. The analysis allowed identifying the main strategies transnational families use to cope with the stress of separation from family members. You see men and women changing their roles, generally accepted expectations about maternal/paternal roles, creating new families in the host country through cohabitation or marriage, mastering remote skills of coordinating services at home for the care of the elderly and/or children. These two main areas of application of family stress theory do not exclude others. Such as— families where one of the members is disabled, suffers from various kinds of addictions (alcoholism, workaholism, drug addiction, gambling addiction), adult children have changed their gender, a family member has learned about a partner’s infidelity, families in various difficult economic situations (salary cut, job loss), etc. One of the more promising areas of this theory’s application is the study of the increasingly more common family structures of two types in which family members are permanently in a stressful situation. The first is “apart– together” (Living Apart Together– LAT), when one of the spouses works/studies in another city or country, is serving a sentence, is serving in the army, etc., or the second is “together– apart” (Living Apart– LTA), when spouses or adult children/parents are forced to live in the same household. One practical way of applying the theory is obtaining information about constructive and destructive strategies for coping with stress in various types of families and life situations. At both the individual and family levels it is important to form the correct perception of stress and the use of resources, to promote resilience and flexibility for the successful adaptation of families in a changing social context.

Anxiety, Depression and Burnout Levels of Turkish Healthcare Workers at the End of the First Period of COVID-19 Pandemic in Turkey.

ObjectiveCOVID-19 pandemic affected the mental health of healthcare workers (HCWs) as well as their physical health. In this study, we aimed to evaluate the anxiety, depression and burnout levels of Turkish HCWs after the first period of the pandemic.MethodsThe participants filled sociodemographic data form, Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) and Maslach Burnout Inventory (MBI).ResultsIn this study, 221 HCWs (68.8% female) with a median age of 28 (20−66) years were included. Concerning HADS cut-off points, 39.8% of the participants scored above the depression cut-off point, while 26.2% scored above the cut-off point for anxiety. The anxiety (HADS-A) and depression (HADS-D) scores of nurses and medical secretaries were significantly higher than the physicians. Also, the anxiety and depression rates of nurses were higher than both physicians and medical secretaries. Emotional exhaustion (MBI-EE) and depersonalization (MBI-D) scores were highest in nurses, followed by medical secretaries and physicians, respectively. In multivariate analysis, being a nurse (OR 4.671, p = 0.044) or medical secretary (OR 4.013, p = 0.048), requirement of using a mental health support line (OR 4.641, p = 0.005), having any kind of addiction (OR 2.562, p = 0.019) and being under antidepressant therapy (OR 3.096, p = 0.036) significantly increased the risk of anxiety. However, in multivariate analyses, the only requirement of using a mental health support line significantly increased the risk of depression (OR 8.542, p = 0.001).ConclusionFemale HCWs, nurses and medical secretaries experienced higher levels of mental health symptoms than male HCWs and physicians.

The Wound of Time

The Wound of Time

LONELINESS AND PREDICTIVE MODELS OF MULTIPLE RISK BEHAVIOR OF ADOLESCENTS IN THE CONTEXT OF ECOSYSTEM METATHEORY AND VIRTUAL INTERNET SPACE

The metatheoretical ecosystem construct requires integrating the virtual dimension of the internet in the assessment of human living space. Objective: The main goal of the present study is to identify possible relationships between loneliness, risk behavior in the use of psychoactive substances of adolescents, based on the ecosystem meta-frame of living space (which also reflects virtual space), as one of the essential factors in the emergence and development of addiction. Based on this, an effort is made to compile predictive models of multiple risk behaviors concerning the use of psychoactive substances. Methods: Loneliness is determined using the OESL questionnaire (Gierveld &amp; Tilburg, 2021). The RSi questionnaire examines risk behavior (Kahan et al., 2021 in press; Lovašová, 2021). Multiple linear regressions construct predictive models, and subcategories are subjected to correlations and parametric tests. At the same time, data on adolescents' loneliness are compared with data on the loneliness of addicted adult respondents and data on abstainers from another research. File: The representative sample consists of 744 respondents in the second and third years of secondary schools in the Slovak Republic, of which 263 are men and 481 women. The research file of addicted respondents consists of 138 respondents (100 men, 38 women), and the research group of abstainers is 94 (58 men, 36 women). Results: Statistically significant gender differences inexperienced social and emotional loneliness are found in adolescents and addicted respondents. For both male and female adolescents, excessive internet use is a significant predictor of psychoactive substance use. The prediction is more robust if, in adolescents, at least one parent suffers or has suffered from some kind of addiction. Conclusions: Aspects of virtual space act as significant risk factors which, together with loneliness, create multiple risk conditions for risk behavior in the field of psychoactive substance use.

Addictions in patients with atopic dermatitis: a cross‐sectional pilot study in Germany

Atopic dermatitis (AD) is the most common chronic inflammatory skin disease worldwide and displays many atopic, but also non-atopic comorbidities. Among the latter, mental health disorders such as depression have been extensively studied. However, data on addictions are still rare. The aim of this study was to assess the prevalence of different kinds of addictions in adult AD patients using a single-centre approach. This non-interventional cross-sectional study was performed from 03/2020 to 05/2020 at the Department of Dermatology of a large German university hospital. Participants with a diagnosis of AD confirmed by a dermatologist answered questions about disease severity (patient-oriented eczema measure, POEM), quality of life (Dermatology Life Quality Index, DLQI) and smoking habits. They were screened for problematic alcohol consumption, drug abuse, internet addiction and pathological gambling using internationally established and validated questionnaires. 157 patients (56.1% female; mean age of 49.9 ± 20.4) with an average POEM of 13.7 ± 7.5 and DLQI of 6.1 ± 5.4 were evaluated. 14.1% were identified as regular smokers, 12.1% screened positive for alcohol dependency, 6.4% for drug use disorders, 4.5% for Internet addiction and 3.2% for pathological gambling. Co-occurrences of different addictions were observed, and a positive correlation was noted between DLQI scores and smoking. In summary, this study hints at elevated positive screening rates for problematic alcohol consumption, drug use disorders, Internet addiction and problem gambling compared with the general population. Screening routinely for addictions may improve patient-centred health care of AD patients.

The Phenomenon of the Algorithm and Its Impact on the EU Legal System: an Attempt at a Multidisciplinary Approach

We are experiencing a digital revolution that is changing the very nature of law. Digital code becomes a form of regulation through which private actors link their values to technological artifacts that prove capable of conditioning their operations both on a material and moral level. But technological artifacts appear to be non-neutral means, reflecting choices of different nature, among which those of a political nature stand out. The more the regulatory provisions are implemented through the use of technologies, the more the codes acquire the status of a regulatory technique, which can be used both to define and incorporate regulatory and contractual provisions into codes both to implement them. The impact of the algorithm is of crystal clear relevance not only in regulation but also in the other side of the coin: surveillance. Each new option brought by the development of technology brings new possibilitiesand changes the way humans relate to each other. All these beautiful technological devices that few of us are willing to abandon produce a positive enhancement of the human and new kind of addiction, but also a new slavery”. The algorithmic revolution spills over to society andpublic systems designed to ensure its well-being. So, fiscal consequences of the algorithmic revolution risk, if not governed, to call into question the very foundation of the social pact, to which the fiscal duty is connected as a manifestation of solidarity within an organized community, not only within the borders of the individual State but also in a wider sphere. Legal scholars can face the newest challenges of the present without fear and without nostalgia.But to this purpose he must remove all obstacles to the necessary dialogue between jurists of different backgrounds, between jurists and non-jurists, between jurists and society.

Nietzsche’deki Üstinsan Düşüncesinin Fikir Babası Olarak “Kallikles”

Felsefe tarihinin geleneksel metafizik anlayışlarına, modern dünyanın yerleşik ahlaki değerlerine ve Hristiyanlığa yönelttiği eleştiriler ile adından söz ettiren Nietzsche, çağına karşı yapmış olduğu toptan bir karşı çıkış ile tanınır. Nietzsche’ye göre hayatı sürdürmeyi sağlayan değerler değerini kaybetmiş, sağlam temeller üzerinde durmamakta ve böylece soylu bir yaşam sürdürmeyi imkânsız hâle getirmektedir. Çünkü var olan değerler zayıf, güçsüz karakterli insanlar tarafından belirlenmekte ve ruhen fakir olana neyin yaradığına bağlı kılınmaktadır. Sempati, tevazu ve merhamet gibi özellikler erdem seviyesine çıkarılmakta, eşitlik yüceltilmekte, güçlü ve bağımsız birey ise tehlikeli ve kötü olarak değerlendirilmektedir. Böylesi bir durum insanı ve yaşamı sahteleştirmektir. Eğer hayatı idame ettiren değer yapısı çökmüşse değerlerin yeniden değerlendirmesi şarttır. Bu noktada Nietzsche, insanı kendi iradesi aracılığıyla kendi hayatının sorumluluğunu almaya davet etmekte, insanı her türlü bağımlılıktan uzaklaştırarak kendi ayakları üzerinde durmaya çağırmakta ve çözüm olarak “üstinsan”ı önermektedir.Hakkındaki bilgiyi Platon’un “Gorgias” diyalogundan edindiğimiz ve Nietzsche’den yaklaşık 24 asır önce yaşadığı varsayılan ünlü bir Sofist olan Kallikles’de de Nietzsche’nin mevcut değerlere yöneltmiş olduğu eleştirilerin benzerlerini görmekteyiz. Tıpkı Nietzsche gibi Kallikles de toplumun “erdem” olarak gördüğü kanaatkârlık, fedakârlık, ölçülü olmak gibi durumları bir erdem olarak kabul etmemektedir. Çünkü bunlar zayıf karakterli insanların uzlaşımı sonucu onların çıkarları gözetilerek elde edilir. Zayıflar, güçlüleri korkutur; onların kazanmasını engeller. Hâlbuki Kallikles, insanlardan bu erdemlere olan bağlarını parçalayarak onlardan kurtulma cesaretini göstermelerini ister. Bu noktada gözünü budaktan sakınmayan “gözü pek” insana işaret etmektedir. Bu görüşü ile Kallikles belki de kendisinden çok sonra yaşayan Nietzsche’nin üstinsan düşüncesini ortaya atmasında fikir babalığı yapmıştır.

ПСИХОЛОГІЧНА ПРОБЛЕМАТИКА УПРАВЛІННЯ РОЗВИТКОМ ОСОБИСТОСТІ У ПЕРЕСІЧНИХ СІМ’ЯХ

Introduction.. Considering that today there is a significant upsurge in aggression, bullying among children and adolescents, a high level of various kinds of addictions, opposition, aggressiveness towards parents and relatives, it can be assumed that not everything is all right with the family as the primary, main institution of socialization, where the basic conditions for the development of personality occur. The studies revealed the prevalence of signs of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) among children and adolescents, which suggests the stressfulness of parental influence not only in dysfunctional families, but also in ordinary families.. Implementation of the 2nd principle of the Declaration of the Rights of the Child, regarding its right to healthy, normal conditions for physical, mental, moral and spiritual development. requires a more in-depth approach to the features and subtleties of the child's process psyche forming in interactions with parents and other close people.Purpose. The purpose of this article is to outline the tasks problem field of management personality developmentl, which consists in the formation the functional child complex I, which determines the acquisition of healthy adequate mechanisms to maintain psychological homeostasis with a focus on self-development of the psyche as a system, to prove that the obstacle becomes the parent incompetence in the child's mental development task, own psychological problems, the use the child influence methods, not realizing their stressogenicity, trauma and consequences for the integrative activity of the brain and the child psyche as a whole, leading to the emergence of a relatively fragmented dysfunctional conditions in the child's psyche, to distort the work of its I-regulatory mechanisms what appears in the external behavioral acting out children in the form of emotional incontinence, aggressiveness, disobedience, opposition, loss of motivation for purposeful educational activity. Methods. Research methods is observation, hermeneutic interpretation of the phenomenological cases, analysis, synthesis, systematization, generalization of empirical experience.Originalitу. Scientific novelty lies in the presentation of the child’s self-complex (complex I) as a systemic neoplasms, formation of self-consciousness, which is responsible for maintaining the person psychological homeostasis and shifting the emphasis in the of personality development managing tasks from external behavioral to internal, mental, i.e. to increase the functionality of the child’s complex I in order to acquire opportunities for self-development, instead of forming reactive psychological formations, protective reactive behavior. Disclosed content the normal parents personal psychological problems, related to responding to their own affective states such as fear and anxiety for a child, shame for a child, resentment, disappointment in a child, and indignation that impede adequate psychological and pedagogical interaction with children aimed at solving development problems and formation of a healthy child. Conclusion. The practical significance of the research, conclusions and prospects for further research consist in the representation of the relationships in the personality psychosomatic system: - neurobiological, hormonal, emotional, motivational, regulatory, behavioral, and activity levels, which are important for personality development management, aims at creating a system of theoretical-practical knowledge concerning the relationships between parental influences and characteristics of the child's psyche in the sense of ensuring his psyche optimal characteristics development; directs the creation a system for popularizing and training a wide range of people involved in the child’s personality formation, - knowledge, skills, and general competence to acquire optimal characteristics of his psyche functioning. In the future perspective is necessary to create the methodical, methodological developing task to support child’s personality development managing for parents, specialists of educational institutions of various levels of accreditation, aimed not only at the above goals, but also aimed at self-development, self-improvement, self-organization different ages persons.

Suicide from the Perspective of Islam and Psychology with an Emphasize on the Models Explaining the Relationship between Impulsivity and Suicidal Behaviors

Suicide is the act of taking one's own life which is made within the framework of a voluntarily action by an informed individual. Impulsivity is one of the most reasons for the emergence of suicidal behaviors. Impulsivity takes place without considering the possible consequences of the action and for a fast access to a reward.The purpose of the present study is to study suicide in the perspective of Islam and psychology with an emphasize on the models explaining the relationship between impulsivity, suicidal behaviors and to discuss each model as well. Due to the multilayer nature of suicide, the research methodology is in documentation-based, analytical and meta-analytical forms.In order to study the models explaining the relationship between impulsivity and suicidal behaviors, different data bases and with key words such as: impulsivity, impulsive behaviors, suicidal behaviors and as likes were broadly reviewed and upon completion of data collection, the related studies were closely examined.The research findings indicate that in the perspective of Islam, suicide is in connection with components such as: the weakness of ideological and ethical bases, the lack of positive perception and disappointment with God, the lack of thinking on the belongings, magnifying the hardships and shortages, and considering the life as something meaningless. In psychology, based on the personality model, the impulsive individuals have a greater inclination towards experiencing the provocative and painful incidents. From the viewpoint of idea to practice framework, the forecasting factors of suicide are classified based on the rate of risk of suicidal ideations and also the rate of action risk for suicide. In the integrated conceptual model, the evaluation of the suicide risk is made integrally and during the treatment process. The model of addiction to suicide, considers the suicidal behaviors as a kind of addiction. The three-step theory states that in the event that the sense of pain is associated with disappointment, and the lack of dependence on life and companions, the individual will make suicidal behaviors. The result is that in the perspective of Islam, the growth of awareness and increase of intellectual skills aiming at gaining knowledge and improving the relationship between human and God, reinforcing the basic beliefs and monotheistic doctrine are the most basic and effective steps to deter the suicidal behaviors. In psychology, opposite to the prevailing beliefs, it seems that impulsivity is not considered as a trustable forecaster for suicidal actions and the personality feature of impulsivity does not have a strong and noticeable relationship with suicidal actions.

Influence of parental alcoholism on suicidal and personality-psychological characteristics of offspring

This article is a review of literature data, devoted to the influence of alcohol dependence of parents on the suicidal and personality-psychological characteristics of their offspring. Despite a decline of the incidence of alcohol dependence in the population, in Russia about 15-50% of families can say that they have encountered the problem of an alcoholized parent. Adult children of alcoholics (ACAs) are a fairly extensive, highly autoaggressive stratum of society. This group of people is the most dangerous in terms of the frequency of development in them of various kinds of addictions, as well as the likelihood of committing a suicidal attempt. The purpose of this review was to present modern ideas about the suicidality of adult children of alcoholics, their socio-cultural characteristics, personality and psychological characteristics; to demonstrate the degree of influence of addictive parental figures on the antivitality of offspring and its formation. The analysis of English and Russian literature is carried out. We have convincingly demonstrated that the ACAs represents a group with an elevated, relative to normative population, autoaggressiveness, inclination to parasuicidal patterns, with difficulties in building relationships with the society and finding a place in it. Conclusions were made about the inadequacy of the studies conducted, the lack of accurate data on the transgenerational mechanisms of autoaggressive transmission to offspring, the factors influencing the heterogeneity of the ACAs a population-species group, the need to take into account the gender of both parents and the ACAs themselves.

An epidemiological study of socio-demographic characteristics and pattern of use of personal protective equipments amongst agricultural workers in rural India

Background: India being a country of agriculture, very little attention has been given to the occupational health problems of the agricultural workers; though the need of investigation and intervention towards their problems has repeatedly been mentioned. The objectives of the study were to find out the socio-demographic distribution of agricultural health hazards, to find out the personal protective measures being used by the agricultural workers and to give the necessary recommendations for the prevention of health hazards.Methods: It was a cross-sectional study conducted from September 2009 to December 2011. A pilot study was conducted on 50 patients. Data collection was done through asking questionnaire from the patients/relatives. Data was analyzed in the form of percentage (%) and presented in the tabular form. Chi- square (χ2) test was applied as a test of significance.Results: Out of total 926 cases maximum number of patients were males (549, 59.29%), followed by females (377, 40.71%). Majority of the respondents were primary educated (31.87%) followed by illiterate (29.48%). majority (44.60%) of the respondents belong to Class-IV (lower) socioeconomic status. Males (53.35%) were more addicted than females (10.26%). It was revealed that maximum number of the cases was not using (85.53%) PPE and only 14.47% were using any kind of PPE.Conclusions: Out of the total 926 cases, 549 (59.29%) were males, followed by females (377, 40.71%). Majority (63.61%) of the respondents have some kind of addiction. It was revealed that maximum number of the cases were not using (83.02%) any kind of PPE.

Theorising social networks addiction: an empirical investigation

While social network platforms (SNPs) can provide their users with an enjoyable interaction experiences, their social-oriented characteristics may encourage users to use them extensively and hence results in addictive use behaviours. By incorporating, psychological (i.e., subjective norm, number of peers and mood alteration), behavioural (i.e., intention to use, satisfaction and enjoyment), and technological perspectives, this study aimed at examining the relationship between these different factors and SNPs addiction. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study that discusses this issue in the Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) region. Data was collected from 434 students at a private American University in the State of Kuwait. Partial least squares (PLSs) of structured equation modelling (SEM) analysis was used to assess both the measurement and structural models. PLS analysis of the study data shows that 66.2% of the sample suffers from SNPs addiction. The study results demonstrated that all hypotheses were supported and statistically significant. Results of this study may benefit universities in dealing with students who suffer from this kind of addiction. The research limitations and implications are discussed.

Theorising social networks addiction: an empirical investigation

While social network platforms (SNPs) can provide their users with an enjoyable interaction experiences, their social-oriented characteristics may encourage users to use them extensively and hence results in addictive use behaviours. By incorporating, psychological (i.e., subjective norm, number of peers and mood alteration), behavioural (i.e., intention to use, satisfaction and enjoyment), and technological perspectives, this study aimed at examining the relationship between these different factors and SNPs addiction. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study that discusses this issue in the Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) region. Data was collected from 434 students at a private American University in the State of Kuwait. Partial least squares (PLSs) of structured equation modelling (SEM) analysis was used to assess both the measurement and structural models. PLS analysis of the study data shows that 66.2% of the sample suffers from SNPs addiction. The study results demonstrated that all hypotheses were supported and statistically significant. Results of this study may benefit universities in dealing with students who suffer from this kind of addiction. The research limitations and implications are discussed.

An Overview of Destination Addiction

The focus of this research paper is on a lesser-known but extremely pervasive addiction afflicting millions of people today, many who don’t even know it. Whenever we hear the word addiction, we usually think of drugs, alcohol and smoking; but there exists a different kind of addiction known as Destination Addiction. It implies getting addicted to the idea or a belief that possessing a better job, more money, lavish house and expensive car will make us more happy and successful. We keep rushing around and forget to live and be grateful for the present moments of life. Individuals keep chasing happiness through their destinations or goals of life without realizing that happiness is internal to us. Thus, this study is in a growing line of research that attempts to draw relationships between core beliefs of one’s mindset and happiness.