Kind Of Trick Research Articles

The Christian Girl

The Christian Girl Edie Meidav (bio) Christian Girl, Edie Meidav, Fiction, Story That morning, I had not exactly been spying on the Christian girl taking her bath outside in the strange area my father had rigged up for her, because though it had been permissible for him to get by the women of the house the idea of this young girl who lived with us and who ate with the children, who helped us for some vulnerable reason everyone protected which I didn't understand, no one let her bathe where other women did or use the same small chamberpot since both her bathwater and waste were to be poured out elsewhere and so avoid any mixing with ours. In this way we stayed apart: otherwise her muslin dresses and water-harshed hands were ours as were her apples, jokes, and tendrils of hair escaping her bun. Because of this tender reason that had to be sheltered, she had her own place to sleep and bathe. If you stood on the hill just above at the right hour when no neighbor was around, you could see the care she took, putting the animal-fat soap she used, different from ours, on the stone wall my brothers and I dedicated ourselves to dismantling. She had a way of undoing her hair with a kind of trick so it fell down around that snub face, followed by a bit of shadowy movement through the slats. While watching her, I could not help my own little body-trick on its own starting to perform and could not also help the feeling she knew about my body-trick. Discovery! Or almost and so I panicked, dislodging a piece of rubble toward where she bathed. To see her through slats was not so different from how she had first appeared among us, stepping down the path, wearing a brown dress of a kind we had not seen, something that might as well have been made from potato sacks and then belted. Never had I seen a person like her, so soft and foreign yet unhidden. Our mother was proper, a person cited often for her propriety, and though I understood this meant her airs were great and that many failed in their liking, they always spoke of her education, it meant she could read French, Russian, Polish, German, Hebrew, her skirts sheaths long as this education, highwaisted black affairs with tiny complicated buttons up near her waist that fascinated me, since when I was young, I could not imagine ever having come from that concave belly sheathed by those [End Page 24] skirts, and at least those mysterious buttons made me cite my origins or at least offered the hint of a clue. During that time, my mother did not walk so much as sweep through our house, two levels, with an assortment of aunts and others upstairs, but if I watched her swishing too much, a little rush of something flooded my chest as if I had just punched a pillow and only air puffed out. My job as the youngest was to lie in the beds of each of the women at night, to warm sheets for them, what they always laughed about: that is what he is good for, little Henryk, I heard them saying, he'll make a good bedwarmer, though I never wished to pursue that laugh, one more of those items adults left in their wake which could steal your attention and then vanish like a small fluff of goose feathers I was sure kept following me everywhere in life and not just when our pillows were truly being beat on one of our stultified summer afternoons. My father scared me, a big man named David respected in the town for his great timber enterprise which in retrospect now seems not so great, just a bit of land outside town where he judiciously planted trees and cut them but called himself captain of the enterprise, an odd unjewlike thing to do for many reasons, I later understood mainly because jews did not usually get to own land, but my father was tall, part soldier and part tree, and...

Introduction

Reading the psychological literature on memory, there is little doubt who plays the leading roles on this stage. The radiant hero in the limelight is Remembering, attracting all attention, support and sympathy. The shady villain is Forgetting, the trouble maker who is lurking behind the scenes, always ready to counteract Remembering and thwart its achievement. There are various scenarios in which this plot is acted out. Typically, Remembering is forced to use all kinds of tricks to resist the villain's assaults and to guard the treasure – the accumulated wealth of past experience and knowledge. While Remembering strives to defend this precious treasure, maintaining it as untouched as possible, Forgetting never tires of trying to steal and destroy it (or at least to damage or, insidiously, to distort and falsify it). In this way, the conflict about the treasure of the past takes on still another dramatic dimension: it becomes a struggle for truth. (Brockmeier 2002, 15)

Kreatiewe prediking: Die noodsaak van kreatiwiteit in die preekgebeure

Creative preaching: The importance of creativity in the preaching process Using the limited resources for proclaiming the gospel of Jesus Christ in a rapidly changing world presents problems for preachers. Preaching in the reformed tradition is based primarily upon the Bible and the tradition of the church. Given the limitations of the age of the source, the preacher runs the risk of boring the congregation with sermons irrelevant to their living conditions, by repeating the same basic message. Preachers may run out of ideas and ways of presenting a fresh, relevant message on a weekly basis. They start employing all kinds of tricks and gimmicks in order to stay relevant. Creative preaching is suggested as an answer to this dilemma. Creative preaching is developed and described as a process in which the preacher, with the guidance of the Holy Spirit, employs creative methods like observation, association, imagination and creative thinking when creating a sermon. The sermon is structured to be creative and to stimulate the creativity of the listeners. Creative preaching could be described as stimulating preaching based on Scripture, imagination and the inspiration of the Holy Spirit.

Truth-Inducement in Greek Myth

Truth-Inducement in Greek Myth D. Felton James D. Miller University of Massachusetts, Amherst Smith College Although Achilles is fated to be the greatest warrior the Greeks had ever known, his mother tries to keep him out of theTrojan war by disguising him as a girl. Her plan is foiled only by Odysseus’ clever use of what we now call “game theory,” a sub-field of economics that often deals with truth-telling and truth-inducement. Odysseus pierces Achilles’ disguise by employing what is known as a “separating equilibrium.” Odysseus himself is recruited to fight at Troy only after a separating equilibrium establishes his own sanity. In game theory, separating equilibria can be used to induce truth. For example, assume that a person is either of type X or type Y. No one but this person initially knows his type and this person wants people to think he is of type X. If the individual is rational, asking him what his type is will provide no useful information . To achieve truth-inducement, one would have to create circumstances in which type X and type Y would act differently or have different characteristics. Separating equilibria, commonly taught in undergraduate economics courses, provide a unique and useful approach to studying truth-inducement in Greek myth.1 Such an econom1 Silver, one of the few authors to apply an economic approach to Greek myth, discussesmainlytreasuries,merchants,commerce,andtheuseoffinancialagents. Charron analyzes the Greeks’ role in inventing modern game theory (“rational choice theory for strategic situations in which one outcome is jointly determined by the actions of two or more agents,” 1), but his analysis does not include material from Greek myths. He focuses instead on Aristotelian formal logic, and includes a mathematical model for the Melian Debate from Thucydides. Detienne and Vernant, in their discussion of mh`ti~, also do not consider the particular episodes from myth included here, nor does Wilson. Russell’s work on information gathering in Classical Greece applies aspects of game theory or information theory to espionage work during wartime, and like the others, does not deal with the specific stories included here. FELTON AND MILLER: TRUTH-INDUCEMENT 105 ics-based analysis shows in detail how certain kinds of tricks are related and gives us insight into exactly how trickster figures such as Odysseus operate.This paper presents eleven brief scenes from classical Greek mythology that can be used to illustrate truth-inducement through separating equilibria. The myths presented in this paper illustrate five methods to induce the truth: 1) asymmetric price increase, in which the cost to one type of party not to reveal his type is increased, thus causing the party to reveal his type voluntarily; 2) surprise, in which the tested party is taken by surprise and does not have time to contemplate or control his actions, with the result that shock and haste cause the party to act irrationally and reveal his true nature; 3) deception, in which the tested party is fooled into believing that circumstances are different from what they really are, causing him to reveal information that, had he been fully informed, he would have preferred to keep hidden; 4) impossibility, in which the tested does something that another type could not possibly do; and 5) credible threat, in which the tested is coerced by a threat into revealing information. These five methods of truthinducement do not correspond directly to categories of scenarios in modern game theory, which are based primarily upon mathematical structures of the solution concepts used in games. Rather, to explain the gaming aspect of truth-inducement in Greek myth we have here created five non-mathematical categories more accessible to the humanities scholar. I. Truth-Inducement Through Asymmetric Price Increase In the economic concept of asymmetric price increase, the cost to one type of party not to reveal his type is increased. The cost increase causes the party to reveal his type voluntarily. A well-known story that illustrates this concept is the biblical tale of Solomon and the baby from I Kings 3–4, in which two women are fighting over a baby, each claiming that the baby is hers. To solve the dispute, Solomon threatens to cut...

Tricks that relieve camptocormia during gait in Parkinson’s disease patients

Introduction. Camptocormia is an extreme flexion of the toracolum­bar spine that exacerbates by walking and is relieved in the supine position. It is described with increasing frequency in association with Parkinson disease (PD). Its pathogenesis remains unclear. One of the hypotheses proposed defends that when associated with PD probably it is a focal action dystonia of the paraspinal muscles. Dystonia may be accompanied of a “geste antagoniste”. It is a kind of trick that en­ables the patient to alleviate dystonic posture. We present two cases in which the patients use sensory tricks to alleviate their posture during gait. Case Reports. Patient 1: A 74-year–old woman, with a 2-year of PD. Clinical examination disclosed parkinsonian signs and camp­tocormia. She was able to partially overcome it by pushing her hands against her thighs. Patient 2: A 80-year-old woman, with a 1-year probable PD. Neurological examination revealed postural instability, freezing gait and camptocormia that partially remits when she pushes a bar at the level of her waist. Conclusions. The particularity of these cases is that patients are able to improve camptocormia during gait by specific tricks. This clinical improvement supports the hypothesis that camptocormia in PD is a focal dystonia of the paraspinal muscles.

Confronting Death Who Chooses, Who Controls?

Robert Burt: Let me start at a place where I think we agree. Before 1974, the dominant attitude of physicians toward patients was by and large intensely disrespectful of patients' autonomy. The basic posture was paternalistic. Physicians knew what was best for patients, and the patient's job was just to go along. Dax himself has been a critically important actor and symbol in identifying the wrongdoing in that attitude, and raising into high social visibility the proposition that autonomy, is a vitally important value; patients are the central actors here and physicians must attend to them in a respectful and careful way. On that point we agree. The place at which I get troubled or confused is what exactly follows if we embrace this important norm of autonomy. Sun with a simple version of two alternatives, perhaps extreme alternatives, to try and sharpen what the issues are. One version of autonomy says: well, it's the physician's job, like it's anybody's job who needs to respect autonomy, to say to a patient, "What do you want?"; the patient says "I want A, B, C," or "I don't want A, B, and C," and then it's just the physician's job to implement that. That is a possible interpretation of the law and way of proceeding. I find that interpretation of the law, however, to be quite unsatisfactory. It is not only permissible, but important--I would even say essential--that a somewhat different step be taken by a physician (or anyone dealing with a patient). "What do you want?" Dax says, "I don't want treatment. At that point I think it is not only permissible but imperative that whoever hears that respond not with "OK, great, let's go ahead," but instead with, "Well, why exactly do you want that? Why have you come to that conclusion? I want to explore that with you." Now imagine the next step. Dax says, "None of your business." I think it is then both permissible and essential for the doctor to say, "No, no, it is my business, and not because I'm a doctor but because I am another human being who is necessarily involved in your life. We define one another in important kinds of ways, and while, of course, I can't define you, we have to negotiate together what our shared meanings are about, what it is that you want me to do or not to do." It is correct not only for me to say, "Why do you want to do that?" but also permissible for me to argue with you if I disagree, and to argue strenuously with you on a variety of grounds. Now come the end of the day, yes, it's your life, it's not my life. But the question is, When have we reached the end of the day? When may we terminate this conversation so that I believe that the choice that you I re making is as considerate a choice as I think it is morally obligatory for you to make? I know that this can become a kind of trick, and it shouldn't be that; this is only the first step in a conversation. Why do I think it's not just important but imperative that anybody hearing such a request on Dax's part explore it with him and even quarrel with him? I think we define one another for one another. We are not isolated creatures, popped into this world, who chart ourselves only by what's in our head. We are intensely social creatures. Dax himself has become more than just an individual, he has become a symbol and independent force that shapes our way of thinking about ourselves when we imagine ourselves to be patients. We are mutually shaped by our expectation in lots of ways. There is one way I want to particularize that in Dax's case. All of us, as members of a society, have attitudes toward people with disabilities. Those of us who are able-bodied or, as they say correctly among disability advocates, those of us who are temporarily able-bodied, often spend an enormous amount of energy denying the fact that our able-bodied status is, in fact, temporary. It is for many, many of us an unattractive, if not to say frightening, possibility to think of ourselves as significantly disabled. …

Yura-George's world line

Abstract It is quite interesting and flattering for an economist to publish a paper in such a prominent astronomical journal. And taking into account the fact that the author is a relative of the great cosmologist of the 20th century does not diminish but, vice versa, increases the piquancy of the appearance of this article. You may agree, dear readers, that it is fairly difficult to avoid a temptation of addressing you on behalf of numerous admirers of George Gamow's talent, as well as of supporters of the Gamow Foundation of Moldova. Frankly speaking, I cannot get rid of a feeling that George Gamow himself, through some genetic “channels” known to him alone, is pushing me to tell about him, for he was famous for all kinds of tricks.

N. F. S. Grundtvig: "Indfald". Af Grundtvigarkivets fasc. 327, udgivet med kommentarer

N. F. S. Grundtvig: "Indfald". Af Grundtvigarkivets fasc. 327, udgivet med kommentarer