Kind Of Topics Research Articles

Climate change and its health effects - an optional subject for medical students

Abstract The Standing Committee of European Doctors urged to include training on the impact of climate change on health for health professionals. Currently, in the curriculum of most medical schools, the health-related impacts of climate change represent a peripheral part. The teaching of health effects of climate change should be made part of the training of health professionals and should be introduced in the curriculum of medical schools. ClimateMed is an Erasmus project that improves the curriculum and expands knowledge about the health effects of climate change at medical universities. The World Café method, based on round table discussions, was applied to assess the needs, summarize the proposals, and develop the necessary strategy. At the same time, a questionnaire was applied to those medical students from UMFST Targu Mureș who chose this subject as an optional subject. Students related the importance of understanding the diseases caused directly or indirectly by climate change, and reported what kind of topics should be included in a new course, in which semester/module and in what format it would be appropriate to teach it. The most frequently reported topics were: excessive heat and heat-related illnesses, extreme weather, vector-borne diseases, food safety, air pollution, and mental health. According to the goals of the project and students’ opinions, since 2023 medical students can choose Climate Change and Health Effects as an elective course. Based on the demand for medical universities to include in their curriculum knowledge related to the health effects of climate change, ClimateMed project can facilitate this integration and can promote the increase of teacher motivation and the development of methodological guidelines for university teachers. The project contributes to the preparation of some educational materials and the introduction of an optional subject in the training curriculum of the students of the Faculty of Medicine, UMFST Targu Mureș. Key messages • There must be made efforts to include training on the impact of climate change on health for health professionals, to introduce this subject in the curriculum of medical schools. • ClimateMed project can facilitate the integration of knowledge about the health effects of climate change into curriculum and can promote the practical use.

The not so silent Estonians? Perceptions and practice of small talk

Abstract The present paper analyses self-reflexive opinions of 33 Estonians about small talk; it is based on interviews carried out in 2020–2022. The main topics covered in the paper are what participants consider small talk situations, how they feel in such situations, and what kind of topics they bring up or avoid. While silent Finns and silent Scandinavians appear in the literature almost as terms, research on Estonians and their behaviour has been scarce. The paper reveals that although Estonians might see themselves as silent, they often feel the need to break the silence. As it appears, it might result in a failed attempt, but the attempts are there. The article discusses various decisive factors in engaging in or refraining from small talk mentioned by the participants. It also sheds light on changes in time, which mainly seem to indicate that Estonians are opening up. Although small talk is not primarily connected with the notion of politeness in the interviewees’ views, it nevertheless belongs to what is considered appropriate behaviour.

Analysing social media with an Improved K-Means Clustering Algorithm

Nowadays, sharing human social behavior and growing a multi-user network requires the use of social media. Analysis of social media provides a valuable opportunity to study human social activity at scale. People often bring and talk about different kind of topics on social media platforms. depending on which, discussions are made to show the positive as well dis positives ways. This is an interesting point about using social media. There is a great deal of information about the type and substance of these discussion holography’s that informs us more broadly around patterns in social media interactions, and how content flows between individuals. Data mining techniques exists which can be utilized to crunch out user information from social media and relationships existing within the network. However, state of the art methods often fail to model user communities and their behaviors at a correct level. To solve this problem and help successfully do the grouping of related information, in our work here we present an enhanced fuzzy means clustering approach. Using this technique reduces the creation and time complexity of clusters, resulting in higher quality group outcomes. Our proposed system aims at mitigating the problems as described above by introducing a scalable and effective solution for real-time cluster social media data.

Cybersecurity Through Thesis in Laurea University of Applied Sciences

Information technology and its applications surround us and those have become crucial to our lives. However, the understanding of the digital world is not as strong. Successful and functional cybersecurity is a vital component for the defence of a civilised society. This study looks at how cybersecurity has been handled in thesis written at one University of Applied Sciences and what kind of topics have been chosen by thesis writers, and what is written about cybersecurity in them to understand how cybersecurity is seen in higher education. The goal of this paper was to find out how cybersecurity has been handled in theses and what kind of topics have been chosen by thesis writers. The two research questions are: what theses have been published that handle cybersecurity; and how does cybersecurity in them? As typical of a case study, attention is paid to a small number of cases (n = 15) attempting to describe the phenomenon they represent. Of the fifteen theses, two were master’s and thirteen bachelor’s theses, and mostly completed in Safety, Security and Risk Management, Security Management, and Business information technology programmes. Based on the results in this case, cyber security is being examined or developed from several, different points of view and in multidisciplinary ways.

Digital Streets of Rage: Identifying Rhizomatic Extremist Messages During a Hybrid Media Event using Natural Language Processing

This research explores how to identify extreme messages during a hybrid media event happening in a small language area by utilizing natural language processing (NLP), a type of artificial intelligence (AI). A hybrid media event gathers attention all sides of the media environment: mainstream media, social media, instant messaging apps and fringe communities. Hybrid media events call attention for participation and activities both in the physical world and online. On the darker side of media events, the media landscape can act as a channel for all kinds of disinformation, hate speech and conspiracy theories. In addition, fringe communities such as 4chan also spread hate speech and duplicated content during hybrid media events. From theoretical point of view, this connection between the physical world and information networks can be seen as rhizomatic in nature, because information spreads without regard to a traditional hierarchy. The result is that when individuals participate in a big media event, there is a viral awareness of different viewpoints and all kind of topics may be posted online for discussion. In addition, in rhizomatic context different kind of arguments can twist each other, “copy and paste”, and create very diversity meanings of new comments. The role of extremist speech in online spaces can have effects in physical world.
 The focus of this paper is to present the findings of a case study on messages posted online by three different actor groups who participated in demonstrations organized on Finnish Independence Day. In this research, two data sets were collected from Twitter and Telegram and Natural Language Processing (NLP) was used to classify messages using extremist media index labels. Three actor groups were identified as participating in the demonstrations, and they were labelled as: far-right, antifascists and conspiracists. Computational analysis was done by using NLP to categorize the messages based upon the definitions provided by the extremist media index. The analysis shows how AI technology can help identifying messages which include extremist content and approve the use of violence in a small language area. The model of rhizome was valid in making the connections between fringe, extremist content and moderate discussion visible. This article is part of larger project related to extremist networks and criminality in online darknet environments.

مسلم یونیورسٹی علی گڑھ کےاساتذہ کی لسانیاتی خدمات کا موازنہ

Linguistics is an ever growing subject. As much attention is required on linguistics in Urdu, the same amount of shortage is being faced. As many experts have written in Urdu linguistics till today, the feeling of thirst remains constant even after reading their books. The main reason for this is that the subject of linguistics is also borrowed from English like other subjects. Due to which the Urdu speaking class has to face difficulties. Ghazal has definitely come to this region through Arabic and Persian. But today in Ghazal, the kind of topics that have been described, huge heaps of manuscripts will not be enough to give the details. Just as Ghazal has been written with full devotion, we cannot be master in linguistics until we make sincere effort. A linguist has to consider the themes of formation, destiny, origin and evolution of language. As many theories of linguists have come to forefront about the structure and origin of language, each presents a new angle on the origin of language. After reading these different views, where the level of knowledge is expanding, the common readers also seem astonished as well. The need is that one center should be considered as the original and the future journey should be planned so that it may be easy and convenient for the beginners. In this article, a small attempt has been made to provide the reader with an introduction to the origin and evolution of linguistics and various branches of linguistics.

Als je moslim bent op een christelijke school...

In this contribution, the author contemplates his own experiences with ‘teaching about Islam in the classroom’, both as a religious education teacher in protestant-Christian secondary schools and as a consultant of this kind of secondary schools. His experiences lead to insights into the questions rising when more and more students appear to be religious. Does he know enough about Islam? Is he aware of the way knowledge of Islam is presented? What is the purpose of protestant-Christian religious education (RE) in a superdiverse society, and how do the religious background of the school and of the teacher influence this? What knowledge and wisdom can help Muslim students to develop their personal identity and to find their own way in society? From the practical point of view, the curriculum for protestant-Christian RE is developed and adapted to changing circumstances by teachers on a step by step way in schools. However, some more fundamental questions also ask for a new approach of teaching about Islam specifically, and for teaching RE and worldview in general. Three topics are central in the author’s view: (1) the way knowledge is positioned in the curriculum, (2) the idea that students should be seen as subject of learning activities, and (3) the creation of space and safety for a peaceful dialogue about existential questions in a polarised world. In order to further develop a national curriculum in which this kind of topics will be addressed, the cooperation of researchers, teacher-trainers and teachers is required.

Science and Philosophy in The Classical Period of Kalām: An Analysis centered upon The Daqīq and Laṭīf Matters of Kalām

One of the important aspects of the classical kalām is that the philosophical topics related to physics and cosmology, namely daqīq or laṭīf al-kalām, have an important place in it. The reason for the involvement of the kalām scholars (mutakallimūn) in these kinds of issues is commonly regarded as an effort to defend Islamic beliefs against other religions and thought systems. However, when their studies are examined closely, the complexity of their concepts and theories, as well as the fact that they discussed these matters not only with opposing groups but also among themselves, show that kalām had a much deeper and integrated relationship with science and philosophy in the classical period. Their engagement with philosophical and scientific matters, such body (jism), substance/atom (jawhar), accident (ʿaraḍ), motion, space, time, and causality dates back to the mid-8th century and displays great diversity. Although the mutakallimūn probably were the first ones to deal with physics-related issues in Islamic thought, it cannot be said that they are given the importance they deserve in modern studies pertaining to the history of science and philosophy in Islamic thought. The fact that, in kalām works, physics-related questions were generally discussed along with theological matters has caused the scholarship of mutakallimūn to be regarded as an adjunct of apologetic discipline and has thereby led to a limited description of kalām’s relationship with science and philosophy in the classical period. This set of circumstances hinders a proper understanding of how science and philosophy emerged and evolved in Islamic thought. In the present article, I will attempt to present the place and role of physical topics, namely daqīq or laṭīf al-kalām, in classical kalām, between the 9th and 11th centuries. Firstly, I will show how the classical mutakallimūn divided kalām into two parts, namely ‘major’ (jalīl) matters, which are based on revelation, and ‘subtle’ (daqīq) or ‘obscure’ (laṭīf) matters, which mainly depend on reason. Matters surrounding jalīl al-kalām indicate the theological problems on which the mutakallimūn had a general agreement, such as God’s oneness, revelation, prophethood, and eschatology. Questions discussed under the category of daqīq or laṭīf al-kalām mostly correspond to philosophical and scientific issues concerning epistemology, physics, and cosmology. Secondly, I will examine to what extent the mutakallimūn dealt with physical sciences and what kind of topics were primarily discussed in the field of daqīq or laṭīf al-kalām. The upshot of this will be that the claim that the mutakallimūn were interested in physics and cosmology merely for apologetic purposes is unsound; rather, in the 9th and 10th centuries, many Muslim theologians also concerned themselves with issues such as motion, void, body, and causality as truth seekers. That being the case, the mutakallimūn should be taken into consideration in studies related to the emergence and rise of science and philosophy in Islamic thought.

The cybersecurity labour shortage in Europe: Moving to a new concept for education and training

Recruiting, retaining and maintaining sufficient numbers of cybersecurity professionals in the workplace is a constant battle, not only for the technical side of cybersecurity, but also for the overlooked area of non-technical, managerial-related jobs in the cyber sector. This paper addresses the lack of cybersecurity skills in the European labour force market and the actions taken to improve the education in cybersecurity for meeting the identified needs. The paper analyses what kind of topics are missing within the cybersecurity curricula of the high-level educational institutions in Europe and in the courses provided by the cybersecurity trainers on the market. The findings are based on the data collected by the surveys carried out by the European competence centres on cybersecurity and the European CyberSecurity organization. These findings show that there are missing topics in the context of higher education cybersecurity programmes and within the private courses offered on the market. The problem of common programme accreditation of European higher education institutes (HEI) and the competence certifications for different work profiles in the area of cybersecurity are briefly presented and discussed as well. The actions undertaken to improve the education in both sectors are presented and the emerging educational landscape is proposed based on our findings. Recommendations to the stakeholders and scholars for improving the current state of cybersecurity education and training are explained in the concluding section.

Analytical model for estimating the production and composition of gas resulted through gasification

For the modelling of gasification processes, several models have been developed over the years. It is remarked that gasification calculation models of very high complexity entail some complications. Therefore, simpler mathematical representations of gasification characteristics and process behavior are required as a first step in addressing such systems. The preliminary calculation simplicity is needed form two perspectives: First – the pre-sizing of gasification installations, and second – the estimation of experimental or functional results. For this kind of topics, an adequate simplified model should be defined. Further, to validate the results it will be necessary to use complex calculation models. The model proposed in this paper addresses gasification with distributive air in the air distribution current, considering general concurrent flow of air fuel. Previous successful investigations, conducted by the present research team, are taken into account within model definition stages. Thus, the work presented here provides useful advances in the field of mathematical modeling of gasification processes. The originality of the model consists in its easy computational accessibility, which allows the approach of technological optimizations, such as the variation of excess air and fuel composition.

COMPARATIVE STUDY OF LIBRARY AND INFORMATION SCIENCE EDUCATION BETWEEN MAINLAND CHINA AND INDIA: A CASE STUDY

Purpose of the study: This study will present an overview of the history of Library and Information Science (LIS) education and the general situation of its Master level education in Mainland China and India. Further, a comparison of Master of LIS (MLIS) education between Heilongjiang University and North-Eastern Hill University will be analyzed mainly through six aspects along with coming up with several suggestions to improve the future education quality of MLIS program in Mainland China.
 Methodology: The case study method, literature research method, field investigation method, in-depth interview method, and comparative research method will be adopted to conduct this study.
 Main Findings: Through the comparative analysis of two universities’ MLIS education in six aspects, it can be found that there are some problems existing in four aspects of MLIS education in Heilongjiang University.
 Applications of this study: This study can be helpful in the field of LIS education and also can be a reference for concerned academic institutions to refine their LIS education system.
 Novelty/Originality of this study: Currently there is no literature about comparative studies of LIS education between Mainland China and India. Therefore, to bridge the missing gap, a necessity is felt to take up research on such kind of topics.

Sentiment Analysis on New Currency in Kenya Using Twitter Dataset

Social media sites recently became popular, it is clear that it has major influence in society, and almost one third of the entire world are in social media. It became a platform where people express their feelings, share their ideas, wisdoms and give feedback of an event or a product, with help of new technology it gave us an opportunity to analyse these contents easily. Twitter being one of these sites, with full of people opinions, where one can truck sentiment express about different kind of topics, instead of wasting time and energy for long surveys, due to advance sentiment analysis we can now collect a huge data of opinions of people. Sentiment analysis was one of the major interesting research area nowadays. In this paper we focused Sentimental insight into the 2019 Kenya currency replacement. Kenya government has announced that the country currency is to be replace wıth new generatıon of bank notes, the government ordered the Kenyan citizen to return back the old 1000 shilling notes ($10) to bank by 1st October 2019, in a bid to fight against corruption and money laundering. Kenyans citizen expressed their reaction over new banknotes. We perform sentiment analysis of the tweets using Multinomial Naïve Bayes algorithm by utilizing data from one of the social media platform–Twitter and I have collected during this period of demonetization, 1122 tweets from twitter using web scrapper with help of twitter advance search.

Słuchowisko dokumentalne a rzeczywistość

The article attempts to classify documentary radio-play. The research material came from 2001–2019 and included radio-plays, which were produced in the Polish Radio Theatre and in the sixteen regional Polish Radio stations, presented during the Two Theaters Festival in Sopot. The author used a quantitative and qualitative method of analyzing the medium content. The number of documentary radio-plays in relation to the number of all radioplays presented during the Two Theaters Festival in 2001–2019, then the percentage ratio of the three categories of documentary radio-plays and the percentage ratio of documentaryplays from the Polish national radio stations and regional radio stations are presented in the charts prepared by the author. In deliberating on the essence of the documentary radio-plays the author posed the following research questions: what is the interest of the authors in documentary radio-plays in relation to other radio-plays in the last twenty years?; what kind of topics are the most interested for the authors?; what historical events are reflected in the radio plot?; do artists critically review the past?; what is the formal structure of documentary radio-plays?; do the authors reach for reporter’s recordings?; and finally — what formal and compositional procedures do the creators use to influence the audiences’ involvement? However, the attitude to reality in the discussed documentary radio-plays allowed the author to divide them into the following categories: firstly — these are radio-plays based on documents, memoirs, letters, archival materials; secondly — radio plays based on documents, memories, letters, archival materials but enriched with contemporary reporter’s materials, conversations with real characters; thirdly — radio-plays about history, events, authentic characters, in which the past is the starting point for telling the author’s story.

Imágenes de la mujer y visiones de mundo en la telenovela. Caso: Voltea pa’ que te enamores

La telenovela es un producto televisivo muy estudiado, especialmente como género representativo de Latinoamérica. Entre los temas abordados se encuentra cómo sus contenidos pueden reproducir y promover en las audiencias representaciones sociales en torno a la pareja, la familia y las relaciones de género, entre otras. Estainvestigación busca analizar las concepciones de imagen de la mujer presentes en la telenovela Voltea pa’ que te enamores. La investigación se abordó desde la metodología cualitativa. Se crearon categorías de análisis propias para la realización del análisis de contenido de un grupo de capítulos seleccionados, con la finalidad de conocer el tratamiento de dicho tema en la telenovela escogida. El estudio concluyó que a pesar de que en la telenovela analizada se intentó mostrar imágenes de la mujer no hegemónicas, se mantienen en alto grado estereotipos conservadores. Consideramos recomendable seguir estudiando estas temáticas, especialmente si tomamos en cuenta el potencial del género como estrategia de eduentretenimiento.

Empirical research on teaching and learning of mathematical modelling: a survey on the current state-of-the-art

The teaching and learning of mathematical modelling is an important research field all over the world. In this paper we present a survey of the state-of-the-art on empirical studies in this field. We analyse the development of studies focusing on cognitive aspects of the promotion of modelling, i.e. the promotion of modelling abilities resp. skills, or in newer terminology, modelling competencies. Furthermore, we provide a literature search on the role of empirical research in important mathematics education journals and point out that this topic is only seldom treated in these journals. In addition, Proceedings of the conference series on the teaching and learning of mathematical modelling and applications were analysed in order to identify the role of empirical research in this important series and the kind of topics which are examined. The literature research points out the dominance of case study approaches and cognitively oriented studies compared to studies which used quantitative research methods or focused on affect-related issues. Finally, the papers in this special issue are described and developments and future prospects are identified.

Social Differences in CMC: a Case Study of Japanese Mobile Phone E-mail

This study investigates how people in different social groups use computer-mediated communication (CMC) in their communication, using Japanese mobile phone e-mail exchanges as an example. The data corpus for this study—43,295 mails for communication purposes from 60 Japanese young people—is analysed, including non-parametric statistical analysis (Mann-Whitney U test and Steel-Dwass test). As for intergroup differences, Keitai-mail are found to be used differently by different age and gender groups. Women create longer texts with more emoticons and non-standard usage of language than men do. At the same time, they also change their style of composition based on the interlocutors’ gender. These differences suggest that code-switching is actively applied in Keitai-mail communication. Other differences found among different gender and age groups relate to what kind of topics they mainly discuss in Keitai-mail: the topics which they generally choose or which are even unconsciously chosen are reflections of their lifestyle. This study illustrates the different uses of a CMC practice based on users’ properties, and further experimental studies (e.g. structural equation modelling) will elucidate more detailed mechanisms of communication practices, or longitude clinical research will evaluate the factors relating to CMC how critical and prolonged they are, with better treatment outcomes.

Propagation of Social Emotion in Cyber Space Based on Cognitive Social Psychology

This paper employs human cognitive process to analyze the cascade phenomena of subjective Web knowledge. First, the cognitive sentiment calculation is summarized in three stages. Second, attributes of users’ background knowledge are mined. Clustering phenomena exist in users’ background knowledge, which means that users are interested in certain kind of topics. Moreover, they tend to review external information about these topics. Third, how users’ background knowledge impacts emotion decision making is analyzed. The impact is illustrated as the induction of objective and objective information. At last, the cascade phenomena of emotion propagation in cyber space are explained with users’ selective emotion expression. Methods are proposed to interrupt cascade phenomena to reduce the negative impacts of cyber space to human beings. This paper mainly focuses on the psychological space and cyber space, which highlights the propagation mechanism of social emotion in cyber space.

FIGURATIVE LANGUAGE IN ENGLISH STAND-UP COMEDY

This descriptive qualitative research was about the analysis of figurative language in English stand-up comedy. The purposes of this study were to identify the types of figurative language and to describe the functions of figurative language found in the selected video of stand-up comedy show. The data source was taken from one of selected videos of Russell Peters stand-up comedy show. Russell Peters’s speech contained about figurative language in the video is observed. The data were collected through content analysis technique by collecting the verbal language used by Russell Peters. The first research questions was analyzed by McArthur (1992) theory and supported by Crystal (1994) theory to find out the types of figurative language found in English stand-up comedy. To answer the second research questions about the functions of figurative language found in English stand-up comedy was analyzed by Chunqi (2014) theory and suppoted by Kokemuller (2001) theory and Turner (2016) theory. After analyzing data, it was found that Irony was the most dominant figurative language used by Russell Peters in “Russell Peters Comedy Now! Uncensored” with 29.94%. It was happened because the kind of topics used by Russell Peters in that show were about ethnics (canadian, white people, black people, brown people and asian), society case (beating child) and culture (accent and life style of various ethnics in the world, habitual of various ethnics in the world). Irony and Hyperbole were needed dominantly in the performance, to entertain the audiences in the stand-up comedy show. The function of eleven types of figurative language which were used by Russell were concluded. The functions were to amuse people in comedic situations, to expand meaning, to explain abstract emotions, to make sentence interesting represented and give creative additions. Keywords: Figurative Language, Stand-Up Comedy, English Stand-Up Comedy

Patients' need for consultation after a geriatric assessment in family practice : Survey

During a doctor-patient consultation patients usually seek information by disclosing their reasons for requesting the encounter. Geriatric assessment allows a proactive examination of patients' overall health and function and provides an opportunity to broach issues beyond the initial purposes of the consultation. The study aimed at investigating older patients' information seeking behavior following a geriatric assessment and the kind of topics they wished to discuss, taking a variety of patient and health-related factors into account. A total of 317 patients (≥ 70 years) underwent a geriatric assessment in 40 general practices. Subsequently they obtained a list of the problems uncovered and rated the relevance and information needs for each problem. Analyses consisted of determining the prevalence of information need for each health topic and identifying predictors in a mixed model (multilevel regression analysis). The 317 patients presented with a median of 11 health problems (interquartile range, IQR 8-14) and 80 % of the patients had information needs concerning only a few of the problems. High information needs were present for physical complaints and for vaccination issues. Little information seeking behavior was evident for unhealthy lifestyles, falls, limitations in daily activities and psychosocial problems. In the mixed model the personal relevance and the type of health problem both had a significant and independent effect on information seeking behavior. A geriatric assessment generates a moderate need for information. It provides physicians with an opportunity to focus on those health problems that are important to older patients but not usually addressed in normal consultations. This particularly applies to limitations in daily activities and psychosocial problems.

Framework to Heritage Education Using Emerging Technologies

Heritage education is the process that allows people to learn about their heritage. This has been traditionally carried out in school settings in which teachers use conventional educational strategies as printed books to teach that kind of topics. However, the problem of heritage education is that more and more people that born in a particular place, lost the opportunity to know in deep their heritage due education could be neither effective nor contextualized to the need and preferences of the people. Currently, emerging technologies as mobile learning or augmented reality, have opened a really increasing set of opportunities to improve heritage education by offering alternatives to customize, locate and contextualize learning. It implies think about how to use adequately technology for learning. Our aim in this paper is to introduce the “Framework to Heritage Education”, a framework for heritage education using emerging technologies as augmented reality. This proposed framework is based on the LTSA that proposes a conceptual architecture to facilitate the educational process mediated by information technologies. In this case, the changes on this architecture have been defined taking into account the processes and entities involved in heritage education. “Framework to Heritage Education” has been validated in Cartagena de Indias (Colombia), where tourism and citizens tested “Social Heritage App” which is inspired in the proposed framework to close individuals to their heritage. Results are promising and give us important inputs to improve the “Framework to Heritage Education” and the “Social Heritage App”.