Kind Of Participation Research Articles

Investigating the effect of participatory management with a macro-ergonomics approach on organizational productivity through the mediating variable employee empowerment and participation )case study: General Directorate of Technical and Vocational Trainin

Introduction: By directly affecting the environment and creating employee satisfaction, ergonomics creates quality products or services, organizational productivity, and customer satisfaction. Participation is a kind of participation and involvement in decision-making, planning, and implementation. The present research was conducted to evaluate and measure the impact of collaborative management with macro ergonomics on organizational productivity through the mediating variable of employee empowerment and participation in the General Directorate of Technical and Vocational Training of Fars province. Materials and Methods: This research is a descriptive survey type. To carry out this research, 208 employees of the General Directorate of Technical and Vocational Training of Fars province were selected in 1402 by a simple sampling method based on the Karjesi and Morgan formula. Four standard questionnaires of participatory management, employee empowerment, organizational productivity, and employee participation were used to collect data. The reliability of the questionnaires was investigated using Cronbach's alpha, and the content validity ratio (CVR) was used for the validity of the questionnaires. The effect of participatory management with macro ergonomics on organizational productivity was evaluated using the paired t-test. Also, SPSS and AMOS statistical software were used for data analysis. Results: Cronbach's alpha coefficient of the standard questionnaire of participatory management, employee empowerment, organizational productivity, and employee participation was 0.803, 0.755, 0.790, and 0.946, respectively, and the CVR value of the questionnaires was calculated 1, 0.99, 1 and 1 respectively. And therefore the validity and reliability of the questionnaires were confirmed. This research showed that participatory management has a positive and significant effect on the empowerment of employees from the perspective of macro ergonomics and productivity (p=0.034). The positive impact of empowering employees on the organization's productivity was confirmed with the perspective of macro ergonomics and employee participation (p=0.041) Finally, the mediating role of employee empowerment and employee participation on organizational productivity was confirmed (p=0.031). Conclusion: According to the obtained results, the application of macro ergonomics leads to an increase in the acceptance power of employees and commitment to changes, and provides the most suitable help to improve their safety, satisfaction, and productivity.

O TIPOVIMA GOVORA U ROMANU „NEBO, TAKO DUBOKO“ VESNE KAPOR

The paper examines models of reported speech in Vesna Kapor’s novel Nebo, tako duboko from the point of view of syntax and stylistics. According to the clas- sification by Miloš Kovačević, the following types of reported speech were identified in the novel: 1) direct speech (basic model), 2) direct speech without dialogue tags, 3) free indirect speech, 4) free indirect speech accompanied with narrator’s voice, 5) free indirect speech introduced with verba dicendi and free indirect speech representing character’s voices that are not spoken aloud, 6) direct speech which contains fragments of character’s words, 7) direct speech containing deictic expressions instead of character’s exact words, 8) monologic direct speech, 9) indirect speech (basic model), 10) indirect speech without subordinate conjunctions, 11) expressive indirect speech, which maintains interrogative form and question marks, and 12) semi-direct speech. The dominant model used in the novel is the free indirect speech introduced with quotation marks or introductory expressions, which is in accordance with the specific graphostylemic features of the text. Quotation marks appear almost as an exception, and italics have a very specific role in demarcation of the text segments. The author’s choice is extremely stylogenic and justified, since it achieves a shift of the reader’s focus from a literal factual sequence of events to an emotional engagement and a kind of participation in reviving the memory of Tara. The echoes of the past, the time she was still alive, are expressed with short and concise cuts of memory. Reviving the memory of Tara makes her alive in a way

Dimensions of Industrial Openness - Understanding Openness and Its Implications for Sustainable Transformation

The topic of Openness is of growing importance for industry, especially in Europe. However, the term Openness is used very differently. Openness includes several concepts, including Open Source Hardware, Open Source Software, Open Data, Open Standards, Open Innovation, Open Science and Open Education. The concepts address different dimensions of Openness, all based on some kind of participation and with the goal to create more transparency and accessibility. This article defines the concepts and provides a basic understanding of their importance for industry and for greater sustainability.

«Суверенитет» как медиакогнитивная категория современного политического дискурса

Introduction. The article is devoted to the research of the media cognitive category "sovereignty" in the modern political discourse. The political narratives were the study material. They were taken in the amount of 980 documents from the official online newspaper Kommersant of 2021-2022.
 The aim of the article is linguistic and discourse modeling of the media cognitive category "sovereignty" in the modern political discourse.
 Methodology and research methods. Adhering to the traditional three-term division into discursive, communicative and lexico-grammatical levels of description for communication science, we present the communicative-discursive model “sovereignty” based on the materials of the official Russian media in 2021–2022. The article uses the research methods of linguoconceptology, linguoculturology, such as modeling concepts, methods of component lexical analysis that help to establish the seme composition of individual lexemes; and there is also lexicographic analysis.
 Results. According to the analysis, the media cognitive category "sovereignty" is represented as a multicomponent structure consisting of a certain set of elements, parts, components, although the full structure is not declared or described. This leads to the conclusion about inaccurate, deliberately distorted modeling from the media. The article shows that modern political discourse provides a field for information war and models the category "sovereignty" haphazardly, non-terminologically, replacing and obscuring the meanings of the power, state, nation, people, private industries and human livelihood. Metaphorically, the political category "sovereignty" in the official media names and tries to explain the most complex phenomena of our modern world, but it does it with a great deal of uncertainty and vagueness, maximally generalizing and masking the meanings necessary for public consciousness in order to manipulate in the information war. “Sovereignty” seems to be a kind of participant in “combat” operations of this war, it takes a certain side and has enemies and allies, it is attacked, but it, in turn, defends itself, needs protection and support. The category "sovereignty" as a tool of manipulation dictates, directs perception, makes perceive current events in a distorted way, serves as a manipulative scale of evaluation and value.
 The scientific novelty of the study lies in the systematization of various aspects of the representation of the sovereignty category as a fragment of the world's political picture.
 The practical significance of the study lies in the use of modeling methods for various text-discursive fragments in the communicative and linguo-discursive aspects, which is aimed at clarifying existing models and constructing and interpreting the latest ones.

Size and Position in Value Chains in Latin America with a regional Perspective

In this article, I develop a framework that divides global value chains into regional and extra-regional and studies the participation of Latin American countries in international fragmentation of production along 25 years of globalization. Measures of depth, position, and length are developed for each kind of value chain. Between 1990 and 2015 the engagement in activities related to international trade increased in every country in Latin America and the prevalent way of integration is in Extra Regional Value Chains. While South America engages mostly in value chains as a source of value added transformed by others, Central America participates more as end of chains and Mexico switched its position to a net forward position in regional value chains. Finally, the article examines the relationship between participation and length of the domestic segment of chains, finding differences among the kind of participation that each country performs.

Controlled and Autonomous Motivation Relation with Social Media Network Content Contribution: Post-COVID-19 Scenario

People are dependent on Social Media Networks (SMNs) to get in time information about crises. Therefore, emergency managers are interested in how individuals participate in social media networking sites after crises, as well as in how to encourage their participation. Based on the theory of self-determination, this study builds a theoretical model to investigate how various varieties of motivation lead to different kinds of participation in SMNs after a crisis. A survey was conducted after COVID-19, which occurred in China and Europe at the end of December 2019. The 310 data were gathered by a "time-lagged, two-wave survey" and "convenience sampling." According to the findings of this study, autonomous motivation is strongly linked to posting new COVID-19 content, while controlled motivation is significantly linked to commenting on others' COVID-19 content. Moreover, perceived autonomy and perceived relatedness are positively associated with autonomous motivation. This study proposes that crisis managers might wish to enhance various kinds of motivations; dependent on the particular take-part behavior chosen post crises. Moreover, perceived autonomy and relatedness are positively associated with autonomous motivation. The study proposes that risk managers may seek to promote different forms of motives based on the preferred style of participation after a crisis.

PARTISIPASI MASYARAKAT LOKAL DALAM PENGEMBANGAN DESA WISATA AIK BUKAQ KECAMATAN BATUKLIANG UTARA KABUPATEN LOMBOK TENGAH

This study discusses the participation of local communities in the development of the Aik Bukaq tourist village, the participation of local communities in the Aik Bukaq tourist village is still very minimal due to some potential that exists but has not been managed properly, people who still have negative perceptions about tourism affect the development of tourist villages, so also with Pokdarwis which is still lacking in embracing the community to be involved in tourism activities, the method used is a qualitative method. The results showed that the participation of local communities in the development of the Aik Bukaq tourism village was still not maximized, seen from 4 kinds of participation, namely participation in decision making, participation in implementation, participation in benefit-taking and participation in evaluation, the community was still not fully involved because they still thought that tourism activities can have a negative impact on society. The obstacles in the development of the Aik Bukaq tourist village are limited funds which resulted in obstacles in repairing, the 2018 earthquake which resulted in some facilities at tourist objects being damaged, and the lack of understanding of the Pokdarwis related to tourism.

The Pandemic and Constitutionalism

The paper discusses the reactions of different political and constitutional systems reactions to the pandemic and also the impact of COVID to populism, constitutionalism, and autocracy. Beyond the choice between economic and health considerations also applied in liberal democratic countries, which have lead either to “under-” or “overreaction” to the pandemic, certain illiberal regimes used the crisis situation as a pretext to strengthen the autocratic character of their systems. In some cases, this needed an “underreach,” like in Poland to insist on the presidential election, which has been important to entrench the power of the governing party’s incumbent, elsewhere “overreach,” like in Hungary, where an unlimited emergency power of government has been introduced after the very first cases of contagion. These autocratic “overreactions” have breached the formerly used authoritarian legalistic approaches by openly violating their own illiberal constitutions. New “conservative” theories on “common good constitutionalism” emerged to legitimize the necessity of authoritative rule by the executive power. The paper concludes that one possibility to overcome authoritarian populism and restore constitutionalism in crisis situation such as the COVID-19 pandemic would be to rely on the involvement of the well informed public, one that is capable to understand and assess the advice of the meritocratic elite. This kind of participation would also help build up a constitutional culture necessary to preserve the values of constitutionalism.

Musical training reduces the Colavita visual effect

Although it has been documented that musical training enhances multisensory integration, there is not yet a consensus as to how musical training influences the visual dominance effect in sensory dominance. The present study adopted the Colavita visual dominance paradigm, presenting auditory stimuli concurrent with visual stimuli, to investigate the visual dominance effect between music majors and nonmusic majors and compared the reaction time and response proportion of the two kinds of participants in the bimodal trials. The results showed that the proportion of simultaneous responses in bimodal trials of music majors is higher than that of nonmusic majors; the nonmusic majors show a greater difference between the proportion of “Visual-Auditory” trials and “Auditory-Visual” trials compared with the music majors; the ΔRT of the two responses of the nonsimultaneous bimodal trials of nonmusic majors is longer than that of music majors. The results indicated that musically trained individuals have an enhanced ability to bind visual and auditory information and show a lesser Colavita effect, that is, a reduced visual dominance effect, than their nonmusic major peers. We conclude that musical training extends beyond the field of vision or auditory domain, improves audiovisual integration, and reduces the visual dominance effect.

SPIRITUAL INTELLIGENCE: PARTICIPATING WITH HEART, MIND, AND BODY

AbstractThis introductory article to the thematic section on “Spiritual Intelligence” sets out the ways in which spiritual intelligence is currently conceptualized. Most prominently, spiritual intelligence is understood as an adaptive intelligence which enables people to develop their values, vision, and capacity for meaning. Questions arise as to whether spiritual intelligence is a distinct form of intelligence, and how to frame it if it is. It is questionable whether psychometric approaches justify concluding there is a distinct spiritual intelligence, and the authors reject any notion of a God spot in the brain specifically dedicated to spiritual intelligence, which is a much more broadly embodied phenomenon. The authors suggest that spiritual intelligence most likely makes use of existing cognitive architecture, though applied in a distinctive way. This article finishes with a brief introduction to the four main articles in this thematic section, which present spiritual intelligence as a kind of participation in transcendent being. The four articles approach the cognitive, embodied, meditative, and ritual aspects of spiritual intelligence as participation.

Women’s Political Participation and Empowerment in Urban Local Governance in West Bengal, India

Women are long ignored from the organized political arena across the world, but several initiatives have been taken for entrance of women in local-level politics. The main objective of the study is to provide an idea about effective and pseudo-participation of the women representatives and to bring out the factors responsible for kinds of participation. For that, district headquarters of West Bengal have been chosen. Two indices (political empowerment index (PAI) and political awareness index (PEI)) infer that the same category city has different degrees of women’s awareness and participation. The rate of pseudo participation is much higher than the effective participation.

Observant Feminism Across Borders: The Transnational Origins of Partnership Minyanim

Abstract This article provides a comprehensive account of the emergence of partnership minyanim at the beginning of the twenty-first century as a new social and liturgical phenomenon in contemporary Judaism. Partnership minyanim are lay-led congregations that came out of Orthodox networks; they separate the sexes similarly to an Orthodox congregation, but also adopt feminist practices that challenge Orthodox norms. In this article I explain how a milieu of observant, mostly Orthodox Jews, influenced by Jewish feminist developments, provided fertile ground for liturgical innovations. This milieu occurred in both Jerusalem and New York, and transnational communication and migration between the two national contexts was crucial to the invention of the new model. Specifically, Jewish feminism that came from the United States shaped the desire to include women in synagogue activity and prompted halachic conversations that taught founders what kinds of participation were acceptable, while the religious ecology of Israel provided the right kind of pressure for developing a new combination of ritual gender roles. The dense interaction between the two national contexts was necessary for the emergence of partnership minyanim, showing that transnational networks result in religious creativity that is more than the sum of their parts.

Cidadania digital de jovens em três países europeus: perfis de (não) participação cívica online

This paper aims to contribute to the study of youth’s digital citizenship through the development of a typology of (non) civic online participation which includes issues related to the search of informational content, participation in news coverage, and perceptions on media and digital literacy. From a multivariate statistical analysis of the “EU Kids Online” survey (2017-2019) in three European countries, we identified three profiles which attributes allow us to discuss informal practices and differences in the level and kind of participation, considering individual characteristics and the country of residence.

Issues of Participatory Digital Theatre. Reflections on Three Forms Developed during the Pandemic


 
 
 This article studies three participatory theatre-forms on zoom. It aims at analyzing what kind of participation is possible in the space of video-conferencing, which is both located in a private room and at a distance. These theatres seem able to interpellate the audience on a cognitive as well as a social and even an affective level. Each apparatus focuses on a different dimension, be it imagination, empathy or criticality. Yet the interactions result in an experience that is anchored in the social and sensitive subjectivity. The enable the audience to reflect on an array of issues that are far from limited to the pandemic.
 
 

Rethinking ‘active participation’ after a pandemic

This article argues that the reimagining of Christian worship during the coronavirus pandemic beginning in 2020 calls for a consequent repositioning of the term ‘active participation’ in worship. It argues that the various gifts and capacities of a dispersed worshipping community point to kinds of participation in typical ‘in-person’ worship that are often overlooked. Reference is made to Paul’s theology of the members of the body of Christ and to the practice of music.

Effective voice: Beyond exit and affect in online communities

Online communities provide ample opportunities for user self-expression but generally lack the means for average users to exercise direct control over community policies. This article sets out to identify a set of strategies and techniques through which the voices of participants might be better heard through defined mechanisms for institutional governance. Drawing on Albert O. Hirschman’s distinction between “exit” and “voice” in institutional life, it introduces a further distinction between two kinds of participation: effective voice, as opposed to the far more widespread practices of affective voice. Effective voice is a form of individual or collective speech that brings about a binding effect according to transparent processes. Platform developers and researchers might explore this neglected form of voice by introducing mechanisms for authority and accountability, collective action, and community evolution.

Sarcopenia predicts adverse outcomes in an elderly population with coronary artery disease: a systematic review and meta-analysis

BackgroundThe development of sarcopenia is attributed to normal aging and factors like type 2 diabetes, obesity, inactivity, reduced testosterone levels, and malnutrition, which are factors of poor prognosis in patients with coronary artery disease (CAD). This study aimed to perform a meta-analysis to assess whether preoperative sarcopenia can be used to predict the outcomes after cardiac surgery in elderly patients with CAD.MethodsPubMed, Embase, the Cochrane library, and Web of Science were searched for available papers published up to December 2020. The primary outcome was major adverse cardiovascular outcomes (MACE). The secondary outcomes were mortality and heart failure (HF)-related hospitalization. The random-effects model was used. Hazard ratios (HRs) with 95% confidence intervals (95%CIs) were estimated.ResultsTen studies were included, with 3707 patients followed for 6 months to 4.5 ± 2.3 years. The sarcopenia population had a higher rate of MACE compared to the non-sarcopenia population (HR = 2.27, 95%CI: 1.58–3.27, P < 0.001; I2 = 60.0%, Pheterogeneity = 0.02). The association between sarcopenia and MACE was significant when using the psoas muscle area index (PMI) to define sarcopenia (HR = 2.86, 95%CI: 1.84–4.46, P < 0.001; I2 = 0%, Pheterogeneity = 0.604). Sarcopenia was not associated with higher late mortality (HR = 2.15, 95%CI: 0.89–5.22, P = 0.090; I2 = 91.0%, Pheterogeneity < 0.001), all-cause mortality (HR = 1.35, 95%CI: 0.14–12.84, P = 0.792; I2 = 90.5%, Pheterogeneity = 0.001), and death, HF-related hospitalization (HR = 1.37, 95%CI: 0.59–3.16, P = 0.459; I2 = 62.0%, Pheterogeneity = 0.105). The sensitivity analysis revealed no outlying study in the analysis of the association between sarcopenia and MACE after coronary intervention.ConclusionSarcopenia is associated with poor MACE outcomes in patients with CAD. The results could help determine subpopulations of patients needing special monitoring after CAD surgery. The present study included several kinds of participants; although non-heterogeneity was found, interpretation should be cautious.

Comparing Blood Loss Estimates by Medical Laypeople in Online and In-person Formats using SABLE

To design interventions for teaching laypeople how to respond in hemorrhage situations, it is necessary to understand factors that influence their perception of blood loss. Although lab-based research offers more experimental control, it limits access to certain kinds of participants. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to compare results from an online administration of a web-based application (SABLE) to data collected using the same application in a lab. Participants viewed 78 5-second video clips of simulated bleeding injuries with a male or female victim and different volumes of blood loss. They estimated the volume of blood loss after each video. The results replicated the general findings from prior research and revealed no significant differences in estimations or estimation accuracy between the online and lab-based administration of SABLE. Results are discussed in terms of applicability to research practice.

Refiner

Modern mobile applications often produce decentralized data, i.e., a huge amount of privacy-sensitive data distributed over a large number of mobile devices. Techniques for learning models from decentralized data must properly handle two natures of such data, namely privacy and massive engagement. Federated learning (FL) is a promising approach for such a learning task since the technique learns models from data without exposing privacy. However, traditional FL methods assume that the participating mobile devices are honest volunteers. This assumption makes traditional FL methods unsuitable for applications where two kinds of participants are engaged: 1) self-interested participants who, without economical stimulus, are reluctant to contribute their computing resources unconditionally, and 2) malicious participants who send corrupt updates to disrupt the learning process. This paper proposes Refiner, a reliable federated learning system for tackling the challenges introduced by massive engagements of self-interested and malicious participants. Refiner is built upon Ethereum, a public blockchain platform. To engage self-interested participants, we introduce an incentive mechanism which rewards each participant in terms of the amount of its training data and the performance of its local updates. To handle malicious participants, we propose an audit scheme which employs a committee of randomly chosen validators for punishing them with no reward and preclude corrupt updates from the global model. The proposed incentive and audit scheme is implemented with cryptocurrency and smart contract, two primitives offered by Ethereum. This paper demonstrates the main features of Refiner by training a digit classification model on the MNIST dataset.

Community-networks that facilitate engagement in health research: Ifakara Health Research Institute-Bagamoyo case study

Background: Involvement of communities in the field of health research has been at the forefront of what is considered as ethical conduct of research. A commonly used approach is regular meetings with locally recognized community leaders to consult about research activities, i.e. community engagement. At the Ifakara Health Research Institute (IHI) in Bagamoyo, Tanzania, different approaches to engaging with the community in health research have been used, but there has not been a systematic understanding of the functioning of the community network that is engaged within health research. Methods: To understand the community networks engaged in health research, perceptions of community stakeholders and researchers on the functionality of the community networks was performed. We conducted six focus group discussions with respondents who have participated in IHI research for the past five years and 49 in-depth interviews. Results: Community networks involved in engagement were influenced by the type of research project and kind of participants needed. Different community networks were involved in engagement activities, namely village executive officers, community health workers, hamlet leaders, nurses, doctors and community advisory boards. Approaches used during engagement processes to inform potential participants about the work of IHI and specific studies that are undertaken were useful in passing key information, however, they did not always reach the target population due to having limited levels of interaction with potential participants. Participants and researchers suggested additional ways to engage with the community. Conclusion: There is a need of developing a community engagement unit that would work across projects to support engagement with the community. The unit will maintain continuous engagement with the community and conduct research to understand the relationship between communities we work in and researchers. Funding of this unit could be done through contributions from the core budget, individual’s projects or competitive grant application.