Kinds Of Disruptions Research Articles

“Why Is America Interested in Islam in Turkey?”: Fieldwork and Problems of Gaining Trust in a Low-Trust Society

When researchers think of access disruptions, they tend to think of factors exogenous to a field site, those emerging from nationwide events or global crises. Especially in semiauthoritarian contexts, such as Turkey, where ongoing historical contestations (over human rights, minority rights, and freedom of expression) as well as current political polarizations have created a volatile institutional and social environment, ethnographers are more likely to find their fieldwork disrupted. In this essay, I draw attention to a different kind of disruption, one that arises from the endogenous character of the local field site. In particular, I discuss the impact of low interpersonal trust on fieldwork. While gaining access and establishing trust are universal challenges in ethnographic research, the issue is particularly a formidable one in Turkey.

Building resilient supply chains: Empirical evidence on the contributions of ambidexterity, risk management, and analytics capability

Supply chain disruptions are a major managerial issue due to their detrimental effects on businesses and supply chain networks. Organizations must develop a resilient strategy, which is the ability to survive, adapt, and grow during all kinds of disruptions. The main purpose of this research is to empirically validate the impact of supply chain (SC) ambidexterity and risk management, on SC resilience and the mediating effect of SC analytics capability on their relationship. By using the pretested questionnaire, responses are collected from 406 supply chain professionals working in different product-based industries in three South Asian countries i.e., Pakistan, Bangladesh, and India. Five hypotheses are examined using partial least squares structural equation modelling (PLS-SEM). The findings reveal that ambidexterity and risk management have a substantial positive effect on resilience and supply chain analytics capability has a complementary, partial mediating role in their relationship. This positive result reveals that employing strategies for the utilization of existing capabilities in conjunction with practices for exploration and developing new skills, strengthens the SC's capacity to identify threats and respond to them quickly.

General Ailments Related with Agnidushti

Agni is described as an important factor of digestion and metabolism in Ayurveda treatise. Agni is responsible for all the vital functions within body and determines the quantity of food to be consumed. The conversion of ingested food in the form of energy through digestion, absorption and assimilation completely depend upon individual’s Agni i.e., digestive fire. Agni has a significant role in balanced body functioning and keeping the body components in homeostasis. According to Acharya Charak, Dehagni is considered as the cause of life, complexion, strength, lustre, health sustenance, Oja, Teja and it shows the critical importance of Agni in overall health of an individual. Individuals die when their Agni stops working, but when their Agni is Sama (balanced), they are completely well and live a long, happy, and healthy life. When a person’s Agni is vitiated, his entire metabolism is disrupted resulting in bad health and disease. As a result Agni is considered the foundation (Mool) of life. Although the number of Agni in our body is uncountable because it play an important role in metabolism even at cellular or molecular level particularly then also in Ayurvedic texts it mainly considered of 13 types in number. These are one Jatharagni or Koshthagni, five Bhootagni and seven Dhatvagni. Firstly, Jatharagni perform its action in Koshtha (stomach) then Bhootagni and Dhatvagni perform their action. Any kind of disturbance at any level of digestion and metabolism (Aaharpachankriya) leads to certain kind of disruption in normal functioning of Agni. It may be hyper or hypo or fickle state of Agni (Tikshnagni, Mandagni, Vishamagni). These all conditions called as Agnidushti. Agnidushti is a common cause for general health ailments like Ajeerna (indigestion), Amlpitta (acidity), Atisaar (diarrhoea), Arsha, Grahani (IBS or IBD) etc. Consumption of unhealthy food without following the Aaharvidhi described in Ayurvedic texts increasing these health issues day by day. The paper is about to deciphering these ailments in respect with pathogenesis i.e., Samprapti.

Artificial intelligence for supply chain management: Disruptive innovation or innovative disruption?

AbstractThis article examines the theoretical and practical implications of artificial intelligence (AI) integration in supply chain management (SCM). AI has developed dramatically in recent years, embodied by the newest generation of large language models (LLMs) that exhibit human‐like capabilities in various domains. However, SCM as a discipline seems unprepared for this potential revolution, as existing perspectives do not capture the potential for disruption offered by AI tools. Moreover, AI integration in SCM is not only a technical but also a social process, influenced by human sensemaking and interpretation of AI systems. This article offers a novel theoretical lens called the AI Integration (AII) framework, which considers two key dimensions: the level of AI integration across the supply chain and the role of AI in decision‐making. It also incorporates human meaning‐making as an overlaying factor that shapes AI integration and disruption dynamics. The article demonstrates that different ways of integrating AI will lead to different kinds of disruptions, both in theory and in practice. It also discusses the implications of AI integration for SCM theorizing and practice, highlighting the need for cross‐disciplinary collaboration and sociotechnical perspectives.

Investigating the effect of human apolipoprotein E isoforms on expression level of CLS and MINO genes involved in mitochondrial function in transgenic Drosophila model

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a neurodegenerative disorder characterized by aberrant lipid metabolism and mitochondrial dysfunction, features related to mitochondria-associated ER membranes (MAM). ApoE is recognized as the major AD risk factor. Human ApoE has three isoforms including Apoε2, Apoε3 and Apoε4. It has revealed that ε4 allele carriers are at higher risk of developing AD than ε3 allele carriers. Given that Apoε4 is a major AD risk factor and that MAM dysfunction in lipid metabolism may affect mitochondrial function, we assessed the expression pattern of cardiolipin synthetase (CLS) and glycerol-3-phosphate acyltransferase 2 (MINO) genes in Drosophila model of AD. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study to investigate the effect of ApoE isoforms on mitochondrial function in Drosophila model of AD. RNA extraction was performed using glazt2a.gal4.UAS.hapoe transgenic flies harboring Apoε isoforms. Following cDNA synthesis, mRNA expression levels of target (CLS and MINO) and housekeeping (eEF1α) genes were measured by qRT-PCR. Our results did not show a significant decrease in CLS and MINO expression level in Apoɛ3 and Apoɛ4 groups as compared to the control. Although this reduction was not statistically significant, the decreasing trend indicates a kind of disruption in lipid biosynthesis and may directly affect mitochondrial function. Though the impact of Apoɛ4 on AD pathogenesis has been elucidated, the exact mechanism through which Apoɛ4 mediates AD progression is still unknown. Investigating the biology of ApoE isoforms using both human and AD animal models is recommended.

Perilaku Ibu dalam Pemenuhan Imunisasi Dasar Lengkap Bayi pada Masa Pandemi COVID-19

Background: COVID-19 pandemic has caused various kinds of disruptions, including immunization services. In the working area of the Mijen Healthcare Center, as of August 2021, around 42,4% of the target babies have just received complete basic immunizations. This study aims to determine the factors related to mother’s behavior fulfill complete basic immunization of infants during COVID-19 pandemic. Methods: This type of research is observational analytics using a cross sectional design. The sample in this study was 147 mothers who had babies aged 9-11 months using purposive sampling technique. The instrument used was a questionnaire. Data were analyzed using Chi Square test and fisher test (α= 0,05). Results: There is a relationship between level of knowledge (p = 0.037) and attitude (p = 0.010) with mother’s behavior fulfill complete basic immunization of infants. There is no relationship between age (p-value = 0,543), education level (p-value = 0,485), job (p-value = 0,459), parity (p-value = 0,093), family support (p-value = 0,491), health cadres support (p-value = 0,980), health workers support (p-value = 0,506), and source of information (p-value = 0,399) with mother’s behavior fulfill complete basic immunization of infants. Conclusion: There is a significant relationship between are knowledge and attitudes with mother’s behavior in completeness basic immunization during COVID-19 pandemic.

PENGARUH TALENT MANAGEMENT TERHADAP KINERJA KARYAWAN

Currently we have entered the era of society 5.0 which is accompanied by various kinds of disruptions. Disruption is an era of massive changes due to the emergence of various new innovations due to technological advances. Organizations are required to have reliable and quality human resources with high performers who are able to adapt to technological advances. Human resources are organizational assets that must be managed proactively and strategically because the biggest challenge for organizations today is excelling in talent competence. This research aims to show the factors that help increase employee performance so that organizations can achieve their goals and be able to compete with similar organizations and how to implement a talent management strategy as a strategy to develop human resources in public organizations so as to produce superior human resources in the organization. This study uses a qualitative approach with grounded theory research, namely a theoretical study that uses data from previous studies to bring out the latest research models that discuss talent management and its effect on superior HR performance. The results of this study indicate that Talent Management affects employee performance by increasing the ability to carry out roles, handle change, the ability to master knowledge and skills and improve employee personal profiles (self-confidence, communication skills or a combination of both) and the ability to concentrate. In addition, the research results also suggest that management and employees need to align management strategies and communicate the impact of talent management as an effort to develop superior human resources.Keywords : Talent Management, The Development of Superior Human Resources, employee performance.

Grief and the non-death losses of Covid-19

Articles in the popular media and testimonies collected in empirical work suggest that many people who have not been bereaved have nevertheless grieved over pandemic-related losses of various kinds. There is a philosophical question about whether any experience of a non-death loss ought to count as grief, hinging upon how the object of grief is construed. However, even if one accepts that certain significant non-death losses are possible targets of grief, many reported cases of putative pandemic-related grief may appear less plausible. For instance, it might be argued that many of these losses are temporary or minor and therefore unlikely to be grieved, and that the associated experiences are phenomenologically dissimilar to grief. In this article, as well as discussing the more general question about the coherence of the idea of non-bereavement grief, we address these obstacles to taking reports of pandemic non-bereavement grief to be literal and true. In particular, we argue that some may have experienced grief over even apparently minor losses during the pandemic. This is generally so, we suggest, only insofar as experiences of such losses form part of an overarching grief process directed at some broader significant loss. Thus, we cast light on both the nature of non-bereavement grief and the kinds of disruption and loss experienced during the pandemic.

Visualization of wood cell structure during cellulose purification via high resolution X-ray CT and spectroscopy

Wood is a heterogeneous material with multiple scales. Revealing the three-dimensional structure of wood tissue in multiple dimensions works as a prerequisite for the reorganization, modification and high-value utilization of wood. By adopting high resolution X-ray micro computed tomography (XμCT), the three-dimensional structural changes during cellulose purification were reconstructed. In the meantime, the changing process in the chemical composition of wood cell wall was demonstrated in situ using laser Raman spectroscopy imaging technology. Moreover, cellular changes on a two-dimensional scale were observed by ordinary optical, fluorescence, and polarizing microscopes respectively. XμCT results indicated that the disruption of the cell structure of chinese fir (Cunninghamia lanceolata (Lamb.) Hook.) by purification treatment started between the diameter walls of the tracheids, while that of the poplar (Populus sp.) cell structure started between the vessels or between the vessels and the wood rays. Such kind of disruption in cell structure was more pronounced after the hemicellulose was removed, with adjacent cells scattered and deformed. In the first step of matrix removal, the cell wall got thinner primarily out of lignin removal, while in the process of hemicellulose removal, the cell wall swelled with the lye. The Raman images illustrated that the distribution of purified cellulose in the cell wall was related to the degree of cell disruption. In undeformed cell walls, the cellulose was evenly distributed, whereas in shrunken and deformed cell walls, it was unevenly scattered.

Collecting as Ordering or Scattering; Scattering as Destruction

Collecting and scattering may seem like opposites, but they are in fact complementary, interdependent actions. To collect religious art and other objects is also to scatter them. Though collecting can sometimes be virtuous, it is always disruptive to some previous order. Reversing that kind of disruption, which occurred on a grand scale during European explorations and colonization of much of the world, is not always possible, but telling the stories of those disruptions is an important first step for museums to take. A next step is to engage in meaningful conversations with places from which objects have been collected.

Islands in the Lake: Environment and Ethnohistory in Xochimilco, New Spain

Islands in the Lake: Environment and Ethnohistory in Xochimilco, New Spain

On controlling dynamic complex networks

Controlling dynamic complex networks is challenging because constituent couplings are inherently nonlinear and nonstationary. Such properties can bring instability to network structure and render the collapse of emerging collective behaviors. Impact of disruptions such as random breakage of connection and permanent structural alteration caused by network constituents leaving or joining the network can be alleviated by adjusting constituent couplings. A multivariable nonlinear time–frequency network control scheme is presented in the general framework for complex networks [1] by which network dynamics and collective behaviors are described using information entropy and two time-variant degree-of-couplings (DOCs). Control is applied to network constituents to allow for the updating of DOCs in response to the dynamic state of the network delineated by information entropy. The control scheme is applied to mitigate a dynamic network of 20 constituents undergoing severed connections and arbitrary introduction of new constituents. The controller design is fast in response and robust in sustaining collective behaviors and network structure stability. Under the direction of the controller, network stability is attested by fewer adjustments to DOCs to meet the target information entropy. As a result, the time for the disturbed ensemble to reach synchronization is reduced and the stability and integrity of network structure are improved. Resilience of the network to various kinds of disruptions is positively correlated to the number of constituents to which control is applied.

Study of Data Protection in IOT based Cyber Security Physical Systems

In this paper it is discussed about how can one protect data by using techniques and algorithm. Cyber Security is to protect computers, servers, mobile/electronic devices from malicious attacks. It is mainly used to maintain the security of data from computers or servers so that data cannot be theft by others or any kind of disruption of the services. Cyber Security risk is traditionally focused on machine-based threat. As IOT contains large amount of data, to protect the confidential as well as sensitive information need to apply security mechanisms or protocols to protect such kind of data from cyber-attackers.

Telemental Health

Telemental Health

Friendship and Loneliness Among People Living With Dementia: Toward Community and Shared Humanity

An increasing number of people living with dementia (PLWD) age in community. In North America, this number ranges from 61-81% of the total number of PLWD. As many as one in three PLWD do not live with a care partner. Since most PLWD do not drive, many may spend a significant proportion of time within half a mile of their homes. Yet, the neighbourhood may or may not provide “ways of being in the world that are more accepting and embracing of the kinds of disruptions that dementia can produce” (Hillman & Latimer, 2017). To support continued social participation, meaningful everyday networks are required. PLWD and care partners may identify more or less strongly with a community depending on their position in the network, its spaces, and activities. According to Nancy (1991), “community” has been conjured as an antidote to the loneliness of the human condition, which explains its allure. In response, Costello (2014) argued that “community” requires one to constantly try and “fall short” in caring for another’s changing experiences. The value of a community thus depends on the quality of its friendships – the ability of otherwise lonely individuals to empathize – which may be threatened by challenges to PLWD’s personhood. This symposium brings together expertise in community gerontology, philosophy, and neuropsychology to advance current conceptualizations of personhood in community amid cognitive decline. These will be discussed in relation to lived experiences, with the aim to inform future research and practice of dementia care and prevention in community.

Living alone in lockdown: Impact on mental health and coping mechanisms among young working adults.

In the wake of declaration of Covid-19 as a pandemic by the World Health Organization, the Prime Minister of India announced a nationwide lockdown to curb its spread. Subsequently, some groups of people found themselves away from their family or friends, and were unable to return to them. The aim of the research was to explore the lives of young adults who were living alone and working, during the lockdown in India. Focus was on their daily living, their relationships and their mental health. Twelve participants residing in various cities of India were included via the Internet. Focus group discussions were used to attain the objectives of the study. The data that emerged from the discussions, was analysed using thematic analysis. All participants had experienced different kinds of disruptions in their life due to the lockdown. This effect was mediated by their financial situation, their general comfort and preference for living alone, media, opportunities for non-virtual interactions and other kinds of recreation, quality of relationships and more. Though there were similarities in their coping methods, their perspective on the lockdown, the meaning they attributed to their current situation and their vision for their future was unique.

THE CINEMA OF POETRY: EDIP CANSEVER’S POETRY CONVERGING TO THE FILMIC IMAGE THROUGH OBJECTIVE CORRELATIVE

The term of objective correlative conceptualized by T.S. Eliot could be described as the way of expression of the poet’s passion, thought, and emotion throughout the objects. The concept is beyond metaphor for many theorists. A single item handled by a poet can absorb the poem's whole sensation and show us a rich analytical field letting to connotational and semiological readings. The break out from the linear, classic, rhymed, or dramatic did not only cause a change in the poetry but also in the cinema of the 20th century, generating the modern face of cinema. The imaginary intensity in the poems of Edip Cansever, who is the authentic figure of the Second New generation in Turkish poetry, creates a relationship allowing for affinities and comparisons with the cinematic image approaching the poem. What makes poetry art is that it irrationally reaches self-meaning. It is both a system of rules and a system for violation of these rules. It looks like a kind of disruption, suspension, or a disproportionate growth in which all the meaning load has concentrated upon a single object. There is an equivalent of objective correlative in cinema: "To tell about something with something else". The place where the meaning is loaded is also the place where it is objectified. It is the place to begin reading, thinking, and analyzing. It has now been an object which gains motion to image both in cinema and poetry. The expressions in the poems of Edip Cansever, which are approaching cinematic images through objective correlative correspond to the cinema of poetry and the poetry of cinema. Therefore, the language of poetry and cinema will become rich due to reciprocal interaction and become open to new meanings. Although structuralism and philosophy are more dominant in the article, literature and cinema history researches are also included as supportive areas.

Abstract LB-154: Disruption of essential services after Hurricanes Irma and Maria and quality of life among women with gynecological cancer receiving care in Puerto Rico

Abstract Objectives: Cancer patients have increased risk of poor outcomes after disasters. On September 2017 Hurricanes Irma and María affected Puerto Rico (PR), causing the population to experience major stressors. We describe the disruption of essential services among women with gynecologic cancer in PR after hurricanes Irma and Maria and its impact on quality of life (QoL). We also compare QoL of these women before and after the hurricanes. Methods: This ongoing cross-sectional study is recruiting women aged ≥21 years diagnosed between September 2016-September 2018 and receiving care in PR; we have conducted 110 phone interviews from September 2019-December 2019. Patients' interviews address stressors (including disruptions and time in essential services such as power, electricity and telecommunications) and multilevel responses experienced by the women in the aftermath of the hurricanes. QoL was measured by using a scale from the BRFSS, which includes six items within two domains: physical and mental health; these items were assessed at two time periods (30 days and 3 months) before and after the hurricanes. The association between disruption of essential services and QoL was evaluated with the Chi-square test. Paired McNemar's test was used to compare women's QoL before and after the hurricanes. Results: Mean age of study participants is 63.7±12.1 years; 64.5% of women had a diagnosis of endometrial cancer, 15.5% cervical, 15.5% ovarian, 3.6% vulvar, and 1.0% vaginal. 100% of patients reported disruptions in electric power, 84.5% in potable water, and 75.2% in telecommunications. On average, patients endured 114 days (±88.8) without electric power, 63 days (±62.8) without potable water, and 62 days (±56.3) without telecommunications. We did not find significant differences between the disruption of essential services and QoL indicators (p>0.05). Nonetheless, QoL indicators were worst after the hurricanes than before. Frequent activity limitations (before=22.3% vs. after=39.1%), frequent mental distress (before=26.4% vs. after= 59.1%) and feeling dissatisfied/very dissatisfied with life (before=6.2% vs. after= 21.7%) increased (p<0.001). Frequent physical distress (33.6% vs. 40.9%) and fair/poor general health status (33.9% vs. 50.9%) also increased after the hurricanes, these results were marginally significant (p<0.10). Conclusion: Most of the patients experienced long interruptions in essential services, after hurricanes. The fact that all patients experienced some kind of disruption may explain the lack of association of these variables with QoL. Nonetheless, this study shows that participant's QoL worsened after the hurricanes. Study results should guide the development of a disaster management plan for cancer patients that focuses on minimizing the adverse effects on QoL in the aftermath of a catastrophic event. Acknowledgement: NCI Grant #R21CA239457 Citation Format: Ana P. Ortiz, Sandra García-Camacho, Andrea Pacheco-Díaz, William Calo, Sharee A. Umpierre, Pablo Méndez-Lazaro, Istoni DaLuz-Santana, Lianeris Estremera-Rodriguez, Mirza Rivera, Guillermo Tortolero-Luna. Disruption of essential services after Hurricanes Irma and Maria and quality of life among women with gynecological cancer receiving care in Puerto Rico [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research 2020; 2020 Apr 27-28 and Jun 22-24. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2020;80(16 Suppl):Abstract nr LB-154.

Information sharing in a transparent supply chain with transportation disruptions and supplier competition

Currently, highly complex supply networks are vulnerable to various kinds of disruptions, which may greatly affect the operational efficiency of supply chains. This calls for the development of management approaches to build a resilient supply chain under disruptions. In this work, we are mainly interested in transportation disruptions that affect shipments along a supply chain and study the decision problem of suppliers in regards to acquiring and sharing transportation disruption information in a competitive setting. In particular, we investigate a two-echelon supply chain consisting of one buyer and two competing suppliers where the buyer places an order for a single product with the two suppliers. During the product transportation process, a disruption may occur and damage the shipments in transit. In the face of such a transportation disruption, each supplier can either have its shipment inspected and reveal information to the buyer or continue without taking any action. We study this problem by formulating it as a non-cooperative game and derive equilibrium results for the two suppliers on whether or not to share information considering competition. We find that the timing and severity of the transportation disruption affect a supplier’s decision on whether to acquire and share private information. By adopting an incentive mechanism, the buyer can raise the probability that a supplier shares its information, which could eventually enhance the performance of the disrupted supply chain. The supplier in a stronger market position usually acts passively towards the disruption, while the competing supplier tends to use information sharing as a way to win market share from its competitor. In addition, a sensitivity analysis is conducted on some important parameters of our model to show the impact of information sharing on supply chain performance.

"Kuuluuko täältä, kuuluuko nyt?": Tohtoriopiskelijoiden verkkovälitteisen kirjoitusopetuksen ongelmatilanteiden neksusanalyysi

Tässä tutkimuksessa selvitimme, millaisia ongelmatilanteita tohtoriopiskelijoiden monikanavaiseen seminaaritoimintaan sisältyi. Lisäksi tutkimme, millaisia seurauksia tilanteista aiheutui. Tutkimuksen teoreettismetodologisena viitekehyksenä käytimme neksusanalyysiä (Scollon & Scollon, 2004). Tutkimusaineistomme koostui tohtoriopiskelijoille järjestettyjen ”kirjoitusklinikoiden” aikana tehdyistä etnografisista havainnoista, klinikoissa käytetyn AdobeConnectin välityksellä käydyistä chat-keskusteluista, klinikoihin liittyvistä Yammer-keskusteluista sekä tohtoriopiskelijoille ja ohjaajille suunnatun verkkokyselyn tuloksista. Analyysimme perusteella tunnistimme kolme laajempaa kategoriaa, joihin tutkitun kontekstin ongelmatilanteet liittyivät: teknologia, toimijat ja kieli. Ongelmatilanteet veivät aikaa pois käsiteltävältä asialta, vaikeuttivat osallistumista, estivät sen kokonaan, vaikuttivat osallistumisen mielekkyyteen tai koettuun hyödyllisyyteen ja aiheuttivat muita negatiivisia tuntemuksia osallistujissa. Tutkimus ja sen tulokset siirtävät huomion siihen, mitä tapahtuu, kun haluttu tai odotettu välitteinen sosiaalinen toiminta jostain syystä estyy ja auttaa siten suunnittelemaan sitä, miten monikanavaista seminaaritoimintaa voitaisi tohtoriopinnoissa sekä muussa yliopisto-opetuksessa kehittää.