Kidney Lactate Dehydrogenase Research Articles

Efficacy of Herbmed Plus in urolithic rats: An experimental study

BackgroundIn Ayurveda, several herbs and formulations are available for the treatment of Urolithiasis. However, they are not systematically evaluated for their safety, efficacy, indication and limitations. Herbmed Plus is one such herbal formulation that has been known for the management of urinary tract disorders. An attempt has been made to evaluate its efficacy on Urolithiasis. ObjectiveTo evaluate the efficacy and safety of Herbmed Plus in urolithic rats. Materials and methodsA total of 60 Wistar albino rats were used for this study. The male and female rats were divided into five groups: disease control, test (dose 90 mg/kg), standard I (Cystone), standard II (Alkaston insta) and normal control (six in each group). Urolithiasis was induced using ethylene glycol 0.75% in drinking water for 28 days. The rats with urinary oxalate crystals were dosed with oral test or standard treatments for 28 days. ResultsAll the animals appeared normal and showed no clinical signs of toxicity. None of the groups reported mortality or adverse effect on body weight and food consumption. The treatment with test drug showed improvement in the SGPT level and urine output (5.4 vs 3.47 mL/24 h). A drastic reduction in number of crystals were observed in male 0.5 vs 22 and female rats 0 vs 22.7 in test and disease group. The kidney lactate dehydrogenase, alkaline phosphatase, urinary phosphorus and calcium oxalate level decreased in the test and standard drug groups as compared to disease groups. Microscopy of the urine samples showed reduction in the number of crystals after treatment compared to the urolithic group. Increase in citrate levels in urine in all the treatment groups indicated anti-urolithiatic activity. The test group showed a 69.70% recovery in males and 47.57% recovery in female rats compared to the disease control group. ConclusionHerbmed Plus showed a significant reduction in oxalate synthesizing enzymes suggesting anti-urolithiatic activity and anti-inflammatory and regenerative property in cellular injury caused by crystal deposits.

LDH profiles of male and female rats treated with Vepacide

In the present study we investigated the effect of vepacide, a neem-based compound, on the biochemical target enzyme lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) in different tissues of male and female albino Wistar rats treated orally with 80, 160 and 320 mg/kg (low, medium and high doses, respectively) for a period of 90 days. Prolonged administration of vepacide caused a significant increase of LDH activity in serum and lung tissues and a decrease in liver and kidney in both male and female rats when measured after 45 and 90 days of daily treatment. Females were more susceptible than males with regard to serum and kidney LDH showing sexual dimorphism in the treated rats. Recovery was observed in the affected enzyme after 28 days post treatment (withdrawal study). A positive correlation was observed with regard to this enzyme between serum and lung tissues, whereas for serum versus liver and kidney there was a negative correlation. The effect of vepacide was more pronounced in the lung tissue followed by liver and kidney tissues. Necrosis of the liver and kidney tissues was observed but in the lung tissue an increase in the LDH enzyme was seen. Therefore, it was concluded that the increase in LDH could be indicative of a stress adaptive response to the toxicant.

Chronic cyanide toxicity and urinary enzyme excretion in rabbits

The time-course effect of sub-acute cyanide toxicity on urinary excretion of some marker enzymes for kidney damage was studied in two groups of three-month-old New Zealand White rabbits fed for eight weeks on either pure growers mash or mash plus 640ppm potassium cyanide. Weekly assays of lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), acid phosphatase (AP) and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) were carried out in urine for both groups, and in kidney tissues on termination of feeding. Results show that LDL and ALP were detected in the urine of cyanide-treated rabbits in the second and fifth weeks respectively and up to the eighth week. AP was not detected in urine, and its activity in the kidney was unaffected by cyanide. In contrast, cyanide treatment caused significant increases in kidney LDH while kidney ALP was significantly decreased relative to controls (p < 0.05). The pattern of enzyme changes in kidney and urine suggest cyanide-induced damage to kidney tubules most probably via tissue hypoxia. Key Words: Cyanide toxicity, enzyme excretion, urine [Jnl Medicine & Biomedical Res. Vol.1(2) 2002: 65-69]

Effect of Tribulus terrestris on oxalate metabolism in rats

This study concerns the effect of an aqueous extract of Tribulus terrestris on the metabolism of oxalate in male rats fed sodium glycolate. Glycolate feeding resulted in hyperoxaluria as well as increased activities of oxalate synthesizing enzymes of the liver i.e. glycolate oxidase (GAO), glycolate dehydrogenase (GAD) and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), and decreased kidney LDH activity. T. terrestris administration to sodium glycolate fed rats produced a significant decrease in urinary oxalate excretion, and a significant increase in urinary glyoxylate excretion, as compared to sodium glycolate fed animals. The supplementation of T. terrestris with sodium glycolate also caused a reduction in liver GAO and GAD activities, whereas liver LDH activity remained unaltered. The isoenzyme pattern of kidney LDH revealed that normalization of kidney LDH by T. terrestris feeding was mainly due to an increase in the LDH 5 fraction. The LDH 1 isoenzyme remained unchanged in all the groups.

Effects of lead, copper, and zinc on the rat's lactate dehydrogenase in vivo and in vitro.

Following subacute intoxication of rats with Pb-, Cu-, and Zn-salts (separately or in mixture) for 5 weeks, the chelating agent D-penicillamine was administered for 3 weeks. In the course of the 3-month experiment, lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) was estimated in serum and in cytoplasmic fraction of the kidney. Pb2+ treatment resulted in an increase of LDH activity, Cu2+ in a slight decrease, whereas Zn2+ had no effect, respectively. Mixture of these metals caused a significant rise in the enzymatic activity. Seven weeks after the stoppage of the administration of toxic substances, altered LDH activity, both in serum and in kidney returned to normal. D-penicillamine treatment was found to accelerate a restoration of the enzyme activity. In the experiments in vitro, Cu2+ inhibited significantly the kidney LDH activity, Pb2+ and Zn2+ being 100- and 400-times less efficient, respectively. Cu2+ inhibition was reversed by D-penicillamine, whereas inhibition of LDH by Zn2+ or Pb2+ was irreversible.