Kg Of Yield Research Articles

Agrobiological Properties of Some Native Technical Grape Varieties of Samukh District

The Samukh region has favorable soil and climatic conditions for growing valuable crops and is one of the regions producing a large number of grapes. For the first time in the Samukh region, the mechanical composition of technical grape varieties was studied: Bayanshir, Gara Serme, Gezel Gara, Khemesher, Shirvanshakhi, Tavkveri, Terbash, Madrasa, Rkatsiteli, Shemakhi marandisi. Among the studied varieties, the yield index of Bayanshire and Rkatsiteli varieties, which yielded 13 kg of yield from one bush, was superior to other varieties. The highest indicator for the average weight of the bunch was in the Gezel Gara variety (483.0±9.95 g), and the lowest was in the Terbash variety (225.0±10.23 g). In one bunch, the smallest number of berries was in the Gara gezel variety (65.8 pcs), and the largest number was in the Shirvanshahi variety (125 pcs). A smaller number of berries per 100 g had the Gezel Gara variety (11.6±0.36), and the Madras variety had a greater number of berries (37.5±0.21). The varieties Tavkveri (90.5±1.17) and Madrasa (90.0±0.91) had a high percentage of pulp in berries. As a result of the work carried out, it was found that the lowest juice yield was in the Shirvanshahi variety (82.8±1.46%), and the highest was in the Gezel Gara variety (86.0±1.38%). The lowest sugar content is in the Gezel Gara variety (16.0±0.65 g/cm), and the highest in the Bayanshire variety (19.3±0.53 g/cm). The Rkatsiteli variety had a high acidity (7.5±0.34 g/dm), and the lowest acidity was found in the Bayanshire variety (5.8±0.20 g/dm).

Effects of anti‐transpirant di‐1‐p‐menthene, sprayed post‐veraison, on berry ripening of Sangiovese grapevines with different crop loads

Background and Aims The effect of global warming on grape ripening has led to the development of strategies for delaying sugar accumulation. This study evaluated the effectiveness of the application of the film-forming anti-transpirant di-1-p-menthene on the berry ripening of Sangiovese grapevines with different crop loads. Methods and Results Over 2 years, the vines with high (H) or medium (M) crop load (leaving about one bunch for every two shoots) were sprayed (T) or not (C) with the anti-transpirant film-forming spray post-veraison (as assessed by a colour change). The di-1-p-menthene treatment inhibited leaf photosynthesis during bunch ripening for about 30 days, limiting berry sugar accumulation. Yield per vine was related to TSS, with di-1-p-menthene-treated vines showing the greatest effects. Increments of 1 kg of yield corresponded to a reduction of about 0.67°Brix in the Control vines and of 0.79°Brix in the treated vines. Conclusions The temporary reduction of photosynthesis reduced berry TSS. In high crop-load vines, the application of di-1-p-menthene delayed TSS accumulation more than the high crop load. Significance of the Study The anti-transpirant applied during post-veraison delayed the accumulation of sugar in berries more than the high crop load.

Economic of Drip Irrigation System in New Reclamination Lands أقتصادیات الری بالتنقیط فی الأراضی حدیثة الأستصلاح

Irrigation scheduling in terms of frequency rate and duration expresses how water is used on the farm. The technique involves two decisions: - when to irrigate (timing) and how much to apply (quantity) Ideally, they are planned so that adequate water can be delivered to the farm during the peak crop water-use period. This research aims to comparison two irrigation systems the drip irrigation and open furrow irrigation. Split area of 36m2 was designed for both irrigation systems. Onions were planted in these areas. Three moisture content levels were selected for this study namely 100 % (M1), 75 % (M2), and 50 % (M3) of the available water. The results show that the generally, the moisture content decreases at deeper soil layers or being far from the dripper or furrow systems. The electrical conductivity (EC) value increases in horizontal and vertical directions and so chloride. The data indicated that salts are accumulated according to direction of water flow. Generally, the EC and chlorides concentration increased by decreasing the quantities of water applied rates. The salinity increased in the following order: drip and furrow irrigations. Comparing the three different applications water under irrigation systems, a significant relation was remarked. Meanwhile, when the two systems irrigation is compared due to the application water, no significant relation obtained. Under drip irrigation, each k watt of power produced 273 kg of yield in the first season increasing by 73.55 and 64.56 % than the furrow system respectively.

Sources of Variation in Quarter Milk Flow Measures1,2

An individual quarter milker was used to measure milk yields at staggered 20-s intervals from 198 Holstein cows in the Beltsville Agricultural Research Center herd. Several flow rate variables were calculated. The 2792 quarter samples of milk yield were taken during afternoon milkings. Yields and rates of individual quarters were examined as were effects of lactation, stage of lactation, machine, and cow. Differences between rear and front quarters were .78kg for yield and .12kg/min for maximum rate. Differences between left and right quarters were .02kg/min for maximum rate and .10kg for yield during the period of maximum rate. Yields departed from front-rear and left-right side patterns. This lack of symmetry, interactions of front-rear by side, for the yield traits may have been from permanent environmental causes such as developmental error, mastitis, or injury. Cow effects were important for all traits as were the effects of lactation, stage of lactation, and machine for many of the traits. Repeatabilities were .63 for maximum rate and .60 for average rate. Designers of milking machines may wish to account for differences between quarters in newer milking machines.