Keyboard Shortcut Research Articles

A Universal Keyboard Shortcuts Reminder (and two bonus tips)

This short article will describe an approach that requires remembering just one – yes 1 - single solitary keyboard shortcut, and that will display a custom list of keyboard shortcuts specific to the program or website being used at the time.

PENGEMBANGAN ALAT BANTU PENGEDITAN VIDEO DAN MULTIMEDIA BERBASIS ARDUINO USB MIDI

The extensive use of multimedia technology in the film and television industry has greatly enhanced the aesthetics and artistry of film and television works, thereby fundamentally driving the development of the film and television industry. This development of needs in video and multimedia directly impacts the needs in the video editing process. Therefore, in the big video era, changes in the way video is used in various media including social media have had a big impact on editing video content. In speeding up the performance of video and multimedia editing, a shortcut method is needed, usually using a keyboard shortcut. keyboard shortcuts are obviously very helpful in the editing process but despite the fact that it usually takes half the time to issue commands to a computer application using those keyboard shortcuts, most people issue certain commands by clicking on icons on a toolbar or by selecting commands from a pull-down menu. In this study, a tool was designed by utilizing an Arduino microcontroller in the form of a midi controller which makes it easier to access shortcuts to help speed up the process of editing video and multimedia content.

Effects of Item Grouping on Selection Efficiency

The effects of grouping items into categories were assessed for three methods of selection: 1) selecting a toolbar item with a mouse (Toolbar method); 2) selecting a menu item with a mouse (Menu method); and 3) selecting a menu item with a keyboard shortcut (Keyboard method). Users performed one of the three methods across 270 trials and had their speeds assessed in blocks of 30 trials. For each method, half the users selected items from a single menu or toolbar while the other half selected items from two menus or toolbars. Overall, the Keyboard method was the fastest, followed by the Toolbar method. When two menus or toolbars were used, users reported making category decisions regardless of the method used. With the Menu method, category decisions did not slow performance because they were offset by faster item selection due to fewer items in each menu when two menus were used. With the Toolbar method, the effect of fewer items in each toolbar when two toolbars were used was less pronounced. With the Keyboard method, there was no effect of fewer items in each menu because users recalled the keyboard shortcuts without looking at the menu items. These findings, coupled with past research that proficient use of the Keyboard method requires more trials than the other methods, confirm the use of toolbars for infrequently-used interfaces and keyboard shortcuts for frequently-used interfaces.

Comparison of Mouse and Keyboard Efficiency

In many corporate settings, users are required to quickly execute commands. Three methods of issuing commands were compared: 1) selecting a menu item with a mouse (Menu-Mouse condition); 2) selecting a menu item with a keyboard shortcut (Menu-Keyboard condition); and 3) selecting a toolbar item with a mouse (Toolbar-Mouse condition). Users performed one of the three methods across 90 trials and had their speed assessed in blocks of 30 trials. Overall, the Toolbar-Mouse method was the fastest, while the Menu-Keyboard condition showed the most improvement. A GOMS-based model is presented that accounts for differences among methods. This work confirms the use of toolbars for common commands, but also suggests that for heavily-used interfaces, keyboard shortcuts can be as efficient as toolbars and have the advantage of providing fast access to all commands.

Show-all-Links: Identifying Hyperlinks in Websites That Use Non-Standard Formatting

Many websites adhere to their own custom style guides and no longer follow traditional usability standards such as the once ubiquitous, blue, underlined text link. Users may miss important information by not knowing which elements are clickable and which are not. The objective of this study was to determine whether or not an option to highlight all the hyperlinks (links) on a website would help users locate all of the page's available image and text-based links. All participants were shown two different websites and asked to click on all design elements that they thought were links. In the experimental condition, participants had the option of using a keyboard shortcut key that, when pressed, would highlight all the links on the website. In the control condition, this option was not available. Significantly more participants in the experimental condition found all of the links compared to the participants without the highlight option. If the design of a website prevents developers from implementing easily-discoverable links, developers should consider adding an option that can highlight all of the links on a website.

Wasteaminute.com: Notes on Office Work and Digital Distraction

Wasteaminute.com: Notes on Office Work and Digital Distraction

Keyboard Shortcut Users: They Are Faster at More than Just Typing

Software efficiency may be important for employees who want to be viewed as valuable assets in a company. One efficient method people can employ is the use of the keyboard to issue commands (KICs) because KICs are faster than other methods, e.g. menus or icons. Furthermore, using KICs may reduce the risk of repetitive strain injuries (RSIs). This paper examines the question of whether KIC users utilize different types of interaction techniques more quickly than non-KIC users. Participants were exposed to five conditions, each consisting of different computer tasks. One condition was used to determine KIC usage, the independent variable. The other four conditions were used to objectively measure performance in time (i.e., efficiency), one of the dependent variables. After each condition, participants completed the NASA-TLX survey, which was used as a subjective measure of workload, the second dependent variable. Task performance correlated strongly or moderately with KIC usage for all conditions, which indicates that KIC users finished all tasks more quickly than other users—even when they used other techniques than KICs to accomplish those tasks. There was no relationship between KIC usage and subjective workload.

Keyboard Shortcut Users: They Are Faster at More than Just Typing

Software efficiency may be important for employees who want to be viewed as valuable assets in a company. One efficient method people can employ is the use of the keyboard to issue commands (KICs) because KICs are faster than other methods, e.g. menus or icons. Furthermore, using KICs may reduce the risk of repetitive strain injuries (RSIs). This paper examines the question of whether KIC users utilize different types of interaction techniques more quickly than non-KIC users. Participants were exposed to five conditions, each consisting of different computer tasks. One condition was used to determine KIC usage, the independent variable. The other four conditions were used to objectively measure performance in time (i.e., efficiency), one of the dependent variables. After each condition, participants completed the NASA-TLX survey, which was used as a subjective measure of workload, the second dependent variable. Task performance correlated strongly or moderately with KIC usage for all conditions, which indicates that KIC users finished all tasks more quickly than other users—even when they used other techniques than KICs to accomplish those tasks. There was no relationship between KIC usage and subjective workload.

SU‐FF‐I‐170: Control, Acquisition, Processing, and Image Display System (CAPIDS) for the Solid‐State X‐Ray Image Intensifier (SSXII)

Purpose: A new control, acquisition, processing, and image display system (CAPIDS) for the Solid‐State X‐Ray Image Intensifier (SSXII) was developed and implemented using Laboratory Virtual Instrumentation Engineering Workbench (LabVIEW). Method and Materials: The SSXII is an EMCCD‐based x‐ray detector that was designed to satisfy the high‐resolution and real‐time needs of neurovascular imaging. The SSXII includes a CsI(Tl) scintillator and a fiber‐optic taper (FOT) coupled to an EMCCD camera with fiber‐optic input window. The SSXII can be mounted on and used with a clinical fluoroscopic c‐arm unit (Toshiba Infinix). The new CAPIDS provides controls for several radiographic imaging modes including: fluoroscopy, roadmapping, radiography, and digital‐subtraction‐angiography (DSA). Complete functionality of the SSXII is also provided in research mode, including the ability to modify the detector‐element binning, exposure time, video gain, and electron‐multiplying gain of the camera. A camera control‐panel window can be accessed using a keyboard shortcut; this window shows the status parameters of the camera and allows control for all functions. Status words are saved to a text file for reference by the system control program. Results: The CAPIDS provides a user‐friendly interface that allows control of several clinical radiographic imaging modes using the SSXII including: fluoroscopy, roadmapping, radiographic mode, and DSA. Examples of each mode will be demonstrated. Additional features, including recursive filtering, contrast enhancement, patient registry and image archival have been implemented and should facilitate the clinical use of the new EMCCD‐based detector system. Conclusion: The control, acquisition, and display capabilities along with the electron multiplication gain (1–2000×), high‐resolution, high‐sensitivity and real‐time imaging capabilities of the SSXII should provide angiographers and interventionalists with an improved ability to visualize details of small vessels and endovascular devices (such as stents), making diagnoses and image‐guided interventions more accurate.(Research partially supported by: NIH Grants R01‐EB008425, R01‐EB002873)

ITunes Is Pretty (Useless) When You’re Blind: Digital Design Is Triggering Disability When It Could Be a Solution

This article critically examines the promise of Internet-based digital technology to open up the world to people with disabilities, and the parallel danger that the social construction of disability in the digital environment will simply come to mirror pre-existing analogue discrimination. This paper explores how technologies and innovations designed to improve access by the disabled actually enhance access for all users. The first part of the paper focuses on ‘Web 2.0’ and digital access for people with disability, particularly those with vision impairment. The online software that drives the iPod and iPhone and exclusively delivers content to these devices is iTunes. While iTunes seems on the surface to provide enormous opportunity for the vision impaired to access a broad selection of audio content, its design actually works to inhibit access to the platform for this group. Apple promotes the use of iTunes in educational settings through the iTunes U channel, and this potentially excludes those who have difficulty with access to the technology. Critically, it is these excluded people who, potentially, could benefit the most from the new technology. We consider the difficulty experienced by users of screen readers and braille tablets in relation to iTunes and highlight the potential problems for universities who seek to utilise iTunes U. In the second part of the paper we reframe disability accessibility as a principle of universal access and design and outline how changes made to assist users with disability can enhance the learning experience of all students using the Lectopia lecture recording and distribution system as an example. The third section of the paper situates these digital developments within the continuum of disability theory deploying Finkelstein’s three stages of disability development. The focus then shifts to the potential of online virtual worlds such as Second Life to act as a place where the promise of technology to mediate for disability might be realised. Goggin and Newell suggest that the Internet will not be fully accessible until disability is considered a cultural identity in the same way that class, gender and sexuality are. This article argues that accessibility must be addressed through the context of design and shared open standards for digital platforms.

Keyboard Shortcut Usage: The Roles of Social Factors and Computer Experience

Previous research (Lane, Napier, Peres, & Sándor, in press) has shown that despite the fact that it typically takes half as much time to issue a command to a computer application using that command's keyboard shortcut, most people issue a particular command by clicking an icon on a toolbar or by selecting the command from a pull-down menu. This study examined reasons why that might be the case with a web survey that focused on demographic characteristics of people who do and do not use keyboard shortcuts, as well as social factors of computer use that might influence use of keyboard shortcuts. Participants' shortcut usage was influenced by social factors, such as working in an environment with other shortcut users and experiential factors, primarily the hours spent using a computer per week.

Learning procedures and goal specificity in learning and problem-solving tasks

This experiment set out to examine the influence of two task variables (instructional procedure and goal specificity) on learning and problem-solving performance. A 2 × 2 between-subjects design was used. Twenty-four undergraduate students were asked to think aloud as they learned eight Word for Windows text editing operations, each implemented as a keyboard shortcut. Two instructional procedures were used, instructions presented either as lists or as paired statements. ''List'' groups required fewer trials than ''pairs'' groups to learn the operations, and relied more extensively upon rehearsal procedures, while ''pairs'' groups tended to use elaborative inference more frequently. Analyses of problem-solving solution times revealed no differences between the groups, although the no-goal groups tended to complete the tasks faster than the goal groups. Verbal protocols indicated that ''list'' groups tended to rely upon phonological cues to recover operation names, and made more phonological errors in recovering operation names. ''Pairs'' groups recalled more about the functions of the operations than the ''list'' groups. We conclude that different instructional procedures may lead to subtle, but important, differences in how information is encoded, represented, and recovered, and that individuals who perform to similar standards may not share the same understanding of the task in question.