Key Phrases Research Articles

Evaluation of the Weightage on Pain Management in Pharmacology Curricula of MBBS Course in Bangladesh

Background: Prioritizing problem-oriented undergraduate medical education is paramount to adequate management of pain in real life scenarios. The present research was conducted with an attempt to explore the important baseline information for pain medicine education and evaluation within pharmacology curricula of MBBS course in Bangladesh.
 Materials and methods: This descriptive cross-sectional study evaluates the curriculum (Pharmacology of MBBS curriculum, 2012), and written question (SAQ) of MBBS Examination of last ten years extending from January 2010 to November,2019 of all 7 universities offering MBBS degree. The evaluation was conducted through searching certain key phrases.
 Results: In Pharmacology and Therapeutics portion of the curriculum, only 4 hours and 2 hours are allocated to discuss pain management in lecture and tutorial respectively. In the study period, average marks allocated in pharmacology written question papers was 4.4 (SD ± 2.7) and the difference among studied universities was not significant (p value 0.7).
 Conclusion: Allocated time in the curricula to teach pain management is very low and weightage received in assessment is also inadequate. Education on pain medication as well as management should receive more emphasis.
 Chatt Maa Shi Hosp Med Coll J; Vol.21 (2); July 2022; Page 48-51

A comprehensive update on the use of optical coherence tomography angiography in glaucoma.

The primary purpose of this review is to provide a comprehensive summary on the technical principles of OCTA and to enumerate vascular parameters being explicated for glaucoma diagnosis and progression with emphasis on recent studies. In addition, the authors also summarize the future clinical potentials of OCTA in glaucoma and enumerate the limitations of this imaging modality in the present-day scenario. The index study is a narrative review on OCTA in glaucoma. The authors searched the PubMed database using the key phrases ''optical coherence tomography angiography" AND "glaucoma,'' AND/OR "vascular parameters" AND/OR "ocular perfusion." Being a relatively recent development in ocular imaging, studies in which OCTA imaging had been used for glaucoma evaluation since 2012 were included until March 2022. The literature search included original studies and previous review articles, while case reports were excluded. Preliminary search was based on relevant articles with search keywords in the title and abstract. The second screening was performed by reading the full text of the literature. Recent studies indicate reduction in microcirculation in glaucomatous eyes compared to the normal subjects. The area of interest for glaucoma evaluation using OCTA varies among the different studies. Based on the literature reviewed here, (1) OCTA parameters measured in the peripapillary; ONH and macular area have been shown to differentiate between glaucoma and normal eyes with a discriminatory power comparable to OCT parameters used routinely in clinics, (2) monitoring of peripapillary and macular vessel density may provide important information to the evaluation of glaucoma progression and prediction of rates of disease worsening, (3) studies suggest strong correlation between the OCTA parameters, the OCT parameters and visual function, measured by visual field testing, in glaucomatous eyes, (4) future prospects of OCTA in glaucoma evaluations using AI predicting structural and functional features and prognosis based on early vascular findings would open up scope for early detection of high-risk suspects and fast progressors in glaucoma. OCTA can be useful in quantifying vascular parameters in the optic disc, peripapillary and the macular regions for glaucoma evaluation. OCTA shows potential to become a part of everyday glaucoma management.

Fall Risk Factors in Parkinson's Disease

<h3>Objective(s)</h3> To determine the risk factors of accidental falls in individuals diagnosed with Parkinson's Disease. <h3>Data Sources</h3> A comprehensive search conducted on PubMed between August 2021 and January 2022. Searches were based on key phrases including: Parkinson's Disease (PD), accidental falls, postural balance. Searches limited to full free text availability, human subjects, and English language. <h3>Study Selection</h3> A total of 315 articles were selected and further refined using inclusion and exclusion criteria, Six studies were selected detailing factors that had an impact on falls in patients with PD. Inclusion criteria: discussed one or more risk factors for falls in PD, published within the last 10 years, patients diagnosed with PD from a medical doctor or based on UK Brain Bank Criteria. This criteria was applied via multiple reviewers. <h3>Data Extraction</h3> Independent extraction and assessment of the validity of the data was conducted by the authors of this review. Data surrounding risk factors of falling including: Weakness, Impaired Balance, Freezing Gait, Disease duration, Pharmacologic Influences, Fear of Falling, Perceived Disability, Cognitive Impairments, and others (depression, anxiety, comorbidities) was extracted. <h3>Data Synthesis</h3> It appears that impaired postural stability and delayed balance reactions are the most common risk factor for accidental falls in individuals with PD who experienced falls. Weakness, especially of the lower extremity extensors i.e. the quadriceps, further limited participants' abilities to perform functional mobility leading to future falls. The use of prescription drugs, disease duration, fear of falling, cognitive impairments, perceived disability, and/or other comorbidities such as CVD, depression, or anxiety each played a role in individual studies but were less consistent across the literature. <h3>Conclusions</h3> This review indicates that balance deficits and weakness are two of the largest risk factors for future or recurrent falls in PD. Future research should focus on approaches that benefit postural stability in standing and strength during functional activities in individuals with PD to decrease risk of future falls. <h3>Author(s) Disclosures</h3> There are no conflict of interest associated with this study for any of the authors.

The problem of medical errors in the context of Burnout syndrome

Purpose. To highlight the significance and trends in solving the problem of medical errors in the context of the burnout syndrome. Materials and methods. With the help of the Google Scholar search engine and the Medline, Web of Science bibliographic databases, according to the key phrases, the literary sources and normative acts related to the studied problem were selected and analyzed. Results. Overstrain and emotional exhaustion of doctors (burnout syndrome) poses a direct risk to patient safety - burned out doctors are much more likely to make mistakes. Identification and analysis of relevant errors can be a step towards their understanding and correction; which, on the one hand, will improve the quality of medical care, and on the other hand, will help doctors deal with the psycho-emotional and legal consequences of medical errors. Conclusions. The burnout syndrome poses a direct risk to patient safety. Prevention of this syndrome improves the quality of medical care, prevents medical errors, their legal and other consequences.

Variables required for the audit of quality completion of patient report forms by EMS-A scoping review.

This review aimed to compile a list of essential variables from the patient assessment, care provided out-of-hospital and the patient handover over process that should be recorded on a Patient Report Form (PRF). A scoping review was conducted to identify articles concerning the recording of medical information on the PRF in the prehospital environment. A three-step search strategy was used to systemically search published literature. A Boolean method using synonymous phrases related to patient handover variables required for PRF competition was developed based on an initial online search of key phrases. Using the Boolean phrase, a scoping review (guided by a protocol developed a priori) was conducted. The search was conducted using PubMed, CINAHL, Summon and Scopus. A PCC framework was used to guide the inclusion criteria of identified articles. The database search yielded 2461 results. Duplicates (n=736), articles published prior to the year 2000 (n=260), and non-English results (n=30) were removed. The remaining 1435 articles underwent title and abstract screening to determine the relevance to the study topic. This resulted in articles apparently relevant to the study (n=47) and these underwent full-text review. Following full-text review 25 articles were included in the study. Patient related information and variables detailing the condition of the patient, including, patient demographics, vital signs, patient assessment and treatment initiated and the manner in which this information is transferred during the patient handover are factors that are important during patient hand over. The information on the PRF prevents potential loss of critical patient information and details of the patient's condition and treatment from the prehospital field. The development of an appropriate checklist to quality assure PRF's by ensuring that all vital information is captured on the PRF is proposed.

Medical error as a result of negligent or unprofessional actions

Medical error as a result of negligent or unprofessional actions. Purpose. To highlight the significance of and trends in addressing medical errors resulting from careless, negligent, or unprofessional acts. Materials and methods. With the help of the Google Scholar search engine and the Medline, Web of Science bibliographic databases, according to the key phrases, the literary sources and normative acts related to the studied problem were selected and analyzed. Results. There is no single view in the literature on the qualification of medical errors. From a legal point of view, among errors it is necessary to distinguish between medical error, contravention and offence. The use of new legal approaches to the problem of medical errors reduces the risk of violation of citizens’ rights in the provision of healthcare and protects health professionals from unfounded accusations by patients. Conclusions. The issue of medical errors is specific to the liability of medical workers. Solving this problem using new legal approaches will minimize the risk of violating citizens’ rights in the delivery of healthcare.

Memorable experience studies in wellness tourism: systematic review & bibliometric analysis

ABSTRACT This paper aims to investigate, summarize, and synthesize existing reviews of evidence relevant to memorable tourism experiences (MTE) and wellness tourism phenomena. An existing review of evidence and the contributions of publications from numerous scientific domains, extracted using Web of Science and Google Scholar databases, extending from 2010 to 2022, on memorable tourism experiences and wellness tourism phenomena, were comprehensively examined, summarised, and synthesised through systematic literature review and bibliometric analysis, employing VOSviewer software. Findings revealed key phrases in scientific publications predominantly on MTE in determining its antecedents, behavioral intentions, attachment to destinations, modelling MTE, and experiences associated with different niche tourism forms; yet, wellness tourism was not outlined among the key phrases. Though recent scholars have meticulously explored MTE, focusing diverse niche tourism forms, being an emergent niche tourist form, wellness tourism shows no evidence in MTE studies, indicating literature and empirical gap. Numerous standard and distinctive dimensions to measure MTE in diverse niche tourism forms, particularly the forms identified as sub-sections of wellness tourism, were identified that would be useful to develop MTE scale on wellness in future. Thus, identifying specific constructs to develop a scale on memorable wellness tourism experiences is suggested while recommending a separate scale.

“Am I Going to Die?”: Delivering Serious News to Patients With Liver Disease

“Am I Going to Die?”: Delivering Serious News to Patients With Liver Disease

Bidirectional recurrent neural network with multi-head attention for automatic scene generation using sentiment analysis

Text generation is one of the complex tasks associated with natural language processing. For efficient text generation, syntax and semantics of the language have to be considered to assign context to key phrases. The main objective of the proposed work is to perform text generation specifically for movie scripts. The training data consist of a self-annotated corpus of movie scripts depicting scenes, specific to certain genre where the annotation mainly focuses on a specific director’s movie scripts. The scene generation is set forth by word embedding with sentiment classification where the emotionally analyzed words are vectorized using the EmoVec algorithm performing sentiment analysis. Based on the sentiment and location associated with each scene, context for the phrases are identified and proceeded to build a well-defined script. Bidirectional Long Short-Term Memory BLSTM with multi-head Attention is used to capture the information processed in both forward and backward propagation in order to understand future context. The vocabulary is built using Stanford’s Internet Movie Database IMDB datasets to perform word based encoding for which requirement of an extensive vocabulary is imminent.

Quest of Transitioning towards Socialism: Concept Here-so-forth &amp; Course That Nepal Should Command Ahead

Socialism is one of the key phrases on political landscape across the world, at current time. Among few major buzzwords in global politics of this century, i.e., Nation Building, State Re-structuring, Advanced Democracy, Welfare State, Public Sovereignty, and so on, currently, socialism also has been sufficiently dragging the attention of the politicians, political scientists, scholars and/or researchers in domain of Political/Social Science. All the pro-progressive scholars and politicians urge in adopting socialism orientated advancement in each sector or domain of the society including education, health, economy, governance, judiciary, bureaucracy and so on. But, there is an evident lacuna in exploring the commencement and progress track-record of socialism in terms of both practice and acknowledgement. A clearly comprehensible and communicative blueprint of-long waited and highly touted-socialism prone society is still an absolute missing. Nepal is no longer an exception with the situation of being at this sheer crossroad. Thus, this paper digs out the origin of socialism along with its base concept and gradual development of practice across the world. Further, major features that Nepal ought to embody for pro-socialism transformation as well as political activities and societal reflection prone to socialism will be minutely unearthed here on.

The Influence of the Application of Digital-Based Nursing Documentation on the Quality of Nursing Services

Digital or Electronic-Based Nursing Documentation (END) is now regarded as a fitness precedence in many international locations around the world. However, the evidence for the effectiveness of electronic-based nursing documentation in health care is still uncertain. This overview targets to evaluate the literature systematically on the outcomes of END interventions in merchandising or enhancing the high-quality of care. Three databases, Google Scholar, PubMed, and Ebscohost, were used to extract the applicable articles. The articles were selected primarily based on inclusion standards and observed the favored reporting framework for the Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis (PRISMA) framework for an imperative assessment of every article. The key phrases used were Electronic Documentation or Electronic Nurse Documentation and Quality of Care in the primary search in every article title, and finally, the criteria for inclusion and deletion were met by 7 articles. According to the findings of a systematic review, there is little proof that using END interventions may raise or improve the standard of care in nursing environments. Based on the outcomes of the learn about that has been carried out, it can be concluded that the tremendous effect on utility of this digital nursing recording gadget can enhance the satisfaction of nursing care and the efficiency and protection of affected person data.

UNESCO, world heritage and human rights

AbstractThis article examines the relationship between the World Heritage Convention and international human rights law. The first part of the article draws on key phrases in Article 1 of the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization’s (UNESCO) Constitution, which defines its purpose to elaborate on the role of human rights to UNESCO’s mandate and how developments in international human rights law over the last 75 years have been translated into the organization’s policies and programs and the implementation of the World Heritage Convention. The second part details how human rights violations related to World Heritage properties expose significant shortcomings in UNESCO’s fulfillment of its mandate and states’ compliance with international human rights norms. The third part outlines the international responsibility of various actors in respect of serious violations of human rights related to World Heritage properties. The final part identifies possible areas of reform in the operation of the World Heritage Convention that may facilitate its alignment with international human rights law and UNESCO’s adherence to its mandate.

Perceptions of Healthcare Workers (HCWs) towards childhood immunization and immunization services in Fiji: a qualitative study

IntroductionChildhood immunization has been globally recognized as the single most effective strategy in preventing childhood diseases and mortality. The perceptions of healthcare workers are important as their behavior and attitudes influence parental decision–making process. This research aimed to explore the factors that influence healthcare workers’ experience and perceptions about delivering childhood immunization in Fiji.Materials and methodsA qualitative study was conducted in three randomly selected health centers in Suva, Fiji from March 1st to April 5th, 2021. Five focus group discussions were conducted with healthcare workers who were chosen purposively, had worked in the health center for at least 6 months and included either gender. Those that did not consent or did not meet the inclusion criteria were excluded. The interviews were guided by semi–structured open–ended questionnaire and were recorded into a digital voice recorder. The data were coded, sorted, and then categorized into themes, and transcribed onto Microsoft Word. Thematic analysis was utilized to sort the key phrases from the recorded interviews.ResultsThere were a total of 22 participants for the focus group discussions, with their ages ranging from 25 to 51 years, included 3 medical officers, 1 nurse practitioner and 18 registered nurses. Three major themes emerged, which included: healthcare worker factors, parental factors and health system factors. Subthemes identified from the healthcare worker factors were worker knowledge and attitudes. The subtheme for parental factors that emerged were defaulters, parental attitudes, perceived behavior and religious beliefs. For health system factors the subthemes were service delivery, registration, infrastructure, staff turnover, staff training and changes to the immunization schedule.ConclusionSome of the perceived barriers reported by the healthcare workers were parental religious beliefs, parental knowledge and attitude, social or physical factors (finances, transportation, childcare and work conflicts), access to health services, immunization services and policies, hours of operation, waiting time and missed opportunities. Health workers acknowledged that they have an important role to play in immunization as they are the source of information and motivation for parents. Further studies are needed to be conducted nationally to determine the perceptions of healthcare workers towards immunization and how the services can be improved on a national level.

Technological topic analysis of standard-essential patents based on the improved Latent Dirichlet Allocation (LDA) model

ABSTRACT Standard-essential patents (SEPs) are an important technological resource for firms in the telecommunication industry. The utilisation of technological topic analysis to reveal the global development dynamics of SEPs has significant theoretical and practical implications. First, this study defines the phrase extraction rules and constructs a phrase importance evaluation model to extract key technical phrases in the patent text. Second, the extracted key phrases are used as input for the Latent Dirichlet Allocation (LDA) model, and the relative independence (RI) model is proposed to determine the optimal number of topics based on two dimensions of coherence and similarity. Finally, the technological topic analysis based on the improved LDA model is performed on 30,154 texts of declared 5G SEPs. The results show that (1) the RI model can better identify the optimal number of topics for the LDA model; (2) 23 key technologies and four hot spots in 5G are identified based on the improved LDA model; (3) different firms have different technological layouts, and the diversification trend of technology development appears; and (4) the forecasting results also reveal the dynamics of emerging and declining technical areas in the 5G industry.

Movie Minorities: Transnational Rights Advocacy and South Korean Cinema

Movie Minorities: Transnational Rights Advocacy and South Korean Cinema

PENGARUH PENDIDIKAN DAN PELATIHAN TERHADAP KINERJA: Tinjauan Literatur

The aims of this research are a). to determine the effect of education and training (DIKLAT) on performance based on a literature review study, b). to determine the design that is often used in education and training research (DIKLAT) on performance, c). to find out the instruments that are often used in education and training research (DIKLAT) on performance. The method in searching for article data sources is carried out through the GARUDA database (2016-2021) to retrieve relevant articles published in Indonesian. Key terms and phrases related to education and training (DIKLAT) on performance using Literature Review abstracts or research journal texts were reviewed before being included in the review according to the criteria. Based on 10 journals over the last 5 years reviewed, the results state that education and training (DIKLAT) has a positive and significant effect on performance, and based on 10 journals over the last 5 years reviewed, the results show that the most widely used design is survey research design. based on 10 journals during the last 5 years that were reviewed the results were the most widely used instrument was the questionnaire instrument.

MISSED OPPORTUNITIES AND ECHOCARDIOGRAPHIC EVIDENCE OF PULMONARY HYPERTENSION: A QUALITY-IMPROVEMENT TASK FORCE TO TRIGGER EARLY REFERRAL

MISSED OPPORTUNITIES AND ECHOCARDIOGRAPHIC EVIDENCE OF PULMONARY HYPERTENSION: A QUALITY-IMPROVEMENT TASK FORCE TO TRIGGER EARLY REFERRAL

Impact of diet and physical activities in preventing type II diabetes mellitus in Asia

Diabetes is a major lifestyle disorder, the prevalence of which is increasing globally. Asian countries contribute to more than 60% of the world’s diabetic population as the prevalence of diabetes is increasing in these countries. Asians have a strong ethnic and genetic predisposition for diabetes and have lower thresholds for the environmental risk factors. As a result, they develop diabetes at a younger age and at a lower body mass index and waist circumference when compared with the Western population. The .review aims to explore impact of Diet and Physical activities in preventing Type II Diabetes Mellitus in Asia. The study involved a systematic review from internet databases such as Pubmed and CINHAL. Following that, databases were accessed to conduct a more detailed search of the literature using key phrases and Boolean operators to create articles pertinent to the issue. 1740 records identified. The duplicates and those not matching with the criteria were excluded. 8 articles were filtered using an inclusion/exclusion criterion. Dietary and physical activity components, and effects on T2D incidence, glycemic status and adiposity measures, were summarized in tabular format and evaluated narratively. Results showed that the interventions have positive impacts on the reduction of levels of parameters.

Factors leading to alcohol use among adolescents in Asia

Drinking indecently is a severe public health issue. Sipping or tasting frequently leads to regular alcohol or worsening habits such dangerous excessive drinking or addiction, alcoholism, or even death. Social and structural factors that have an impact on adolescents' health at the individual, family, community, and societal levels have a significant impact. Violence, mental health issues, creating the risk but rather self-harm, HIV or other viral infections, poor educational performance and dropout rates, limited employment opportunities, and accidents here on road or other unintentional injuries are just a slew of negative effects of adolescent alcohol consumption. The purpose of this review is to look at the research and determine what factors lead to teen consumption in Asian countries. The study made extensive use of internet resources including Pubmed and CINHAL. The study made extensive use of internet resources including Pubmed and CINHAL. After that, databases were accessed to conduct a more extensive literature search using key phrases and chemical operator to find publications pertinent to the issue. 64 records were found. Duplicate entries and those that didn't fit the criteria were removed. A criteria for inclusion/exclusion was used to filter 8 items.

Healthy Neighbourhood Elements for Sustainable Development and Social Well-Being: An Overview

Neighbourhood concept has long been discussed and implemented since 1920’s. Many contemporary neighbourhood concepts have been created and used such as green, sustainable, liveable, quality, new urbanism, safe, compact neighbourhood. The recent developments in the concept of neighbourhood are geared towards a healthy neighbourhood. Therefore, this paper conducts a thorough assessment of the literature in order to synthesise the current framework knowledge in terms of healthy neighbourhood purposes, elements, principles and also the framework and model used from previous research. A search was done from 1999 to the present to gather only applicable models or frameworks in general, with the inclusion criteria of no period, worldwide, and English language. There were 51 publications or journals identified with the keyword healthy neighbourhood, liveable neighbourhood, and sustainable neighbourhood. The purposes, elements, and principles of a healthy neighbourhood in relation to sustainable development and social well-being were screened in all titles and abstracts. Only 28 publications were found to be relevant and closed linked in creating the conceptual framework for this paper after the filtering procedure of all relevant key phrases. This paper utilised a snowball approach to collect the necessary papers after an extensive check on the key terms. Basically, the previous theoretical and modelling framework was related to sustainable development and social well-being. For the development of comprehensive conceptual framework for healthy neighbourhood, the researcher will use 3 elements and 8 principles. For the future, the conceptual framework will be used and tested for comprehensive healthy neighbourhood.