Kelley's Attribution Research Articles

Atribusi Perilaku Atas Tudingan Materialistis Dalam Pernikahan Artis Bunga Zainal-Sukhdev Sing

This study explores the dynamics of attribution behavior in the context of celebrity marriages, focusing on the case of Bunga Zainal and Sukhdev Singh. The purpose of the research is to provide a more comprehensive and in-depth understanding of how attribution theory analysis can be applied to understand celebrity marriages that may be considered controversial. The research method used is qualitative, utilizing Harold Kelley's attribution theory approach, through primary data analysis from interviews across various podcast channels and secondary data from literature and online media reporting. The findings suggest that when consensus and distinctiveness are high, but consistency is low, behavior tends to be attributed to external or situational factors, namely the characteristics of Sukhdev Singh, rather than solely to materialistic motives. This indicates that Bunga Zainal's marriage is seen as a unique decision that is inconsistent with her previous behavior, yet similar to that of other celebrities in similar situations. This study highlights the importance of public understanding of attribution dynamics in influencing their views on specific events. In the context of communication studies, the research underscores the importance of considering attribution in media analysis and public responses to social issues and news.

Attributions of blame and responsibility in sexual harassment: Reexamining a psychological model.

Kelley's (Nebr Symp Motiv 15:192-238, 1967) attribution theory can inform sexual harassment research by identifying how observers use consensus, consistency, and distinctiveness information in determining whether a target or perpetrator is responsible for a sexual harassment situation. In this study, Kelley's theory is applied to a scenario in which a male perpetrator sexually harasses a female target in a university setting. Results from 314 predominantly female college students indicate that consistency and consensus information significantly affect participants' judgments of blame and responsibility for the situation. The authors discuss the importance of the reference groups used to derive consensus and distinctiveness information, and reintroduce Kelley's attribution theory as a means of understanding observers' perceptions of sexual harassment.

CUSTOMERS' ATTRIBUTIONAL JUDGMENTS TOWARDS COMPLAINT HANDLING IN AIRLINE SERVICE: A CONFIRMATORY STUDY BASED ON ATTRIBUTION THEORY1

Besides flight safety, complaint handling plays a crucial role in airline service. Based upon Kelley's attribution theory, in the present study customers' attributions were examined under different conditions of complaint handling by the airlines. There were 531 passengers (216 women; ages 21 to 63 years, M = 41.5, SD = 11.1) with experiences of customer complaints who were recruited while awaiting boarding. Participants received one hypothetical scenario of three attributional conditions about complaint handling and then reported their attributional judgments. The findings indicated that the passengers were most likely to attribute the company's complaint handling to unconditional compliance when the airline company reacted to customer complaints under low distinctiveness, high consistency, and when consensus among the airlines was low. On the other hand, most passengers attributed the company's complaint handling to conditional compliance under the conditions in which distinctiveness, consistency, and consensus were all high. The results provide further insights into how different policies of complaint management affect customers' attributions. Future directions and managerial implications are also discussed.

Customers' Attributional Judgments towards Complaint Handling in Airline Service: A Confirmatory Study Based on Attribution Theory

Besides flight safety, complaint handling plays a crucial role in airline service. Based upon Kelley's attribution theory, in the present study customers' attributions were examined under different conditions of complaint handling by the airlines. There were 531 passengers (216 women; ages 21 to 63 years, M = 41.5, SD = 11.1) with experiences of customer complaints who were recruited while awaiting boarding. Participants received one hypothetical scenario of three attributional conditions about complaint handling and then reported their attributional judgments. The findings indicated that the passengers were most likely to attribute the company's complaint handling to unconditional compliance when the airline company reacted to customer complaints under low distinctiveness, high consistency, and when consensus among the airlines was low. On the other hand, most passengers attributed the company's complaint handling to conditional compliance under the conditions in which distinctiveness, consistency, and consensus were all high. The results provide further insights into how different policies of complaint management affect customers' attributions. Future directions and managerial implications are also discussed.

A Synthesis and Extension of the Weiner and Kelley Attribution Models

Attribution theory and research has centered around 2 basic models: (a) the achievement-motivation model, which has been concerned primarily with self-attributions and is characterized by the work of Weiner and his colleagues (e.g., Weiner, 1986; Weiner et al., 1971), and (b) Kelley's cube, which has been used primarily to describe how observers use information to make attributions for the behavior of others (e.g., Green & Mitchell, 1979). The presence of these 2 distinct models, each with a different area and scope of application, has presented a number of problems for researchers in: comparing self- and social attributions; synthesizing the results of different studies; and examining the leader-member attribution process, particularly with respect to actor-observer biases. This article examines these problems and proposes a synthesized model integrating the dimensions of both models. The synthesis provides a theoretical foundation for classifying and comparing self- and social attributions while explicating the process by which informational cues map onto attributional dimensions and explanations.

A Synthesis and Extension of the Weiner and Kelley Attribution Models

A Synthesis and Extension of the Weiner and Kelley Attribution Models

Effects of Involvement on Observers' Estimates of Consensus, Distinctiveness, and Consistency

It was hypothesized that personal involvement affects actors' and observers' effort, ability, difficulty, and luck attributions. In addition, different involvement levels were expected to affect actors' and observers' consensus, distinctiveness, and consistency information estimates. Results partially confirm Kelley's attribution model. The findings support the notion that involvement is relevant to interpretations of actors' and observers' attribution differences and information inferences.

A re‐examination of the roles of consensus, consistency and distinctiveness: Kelley's cube revisited*

The reported study re‐examined the importance of consensus, consistency and distinctiveness in Kelley's attribution theory. The source of consensus was specified by basing this information on others of the same sex category as the actor, and effects of personal and non‐personal stimuli were also investigated to extend McArthur's classic study. Subjects completed a 16‐item questionnaire in which they were asked to attribute an effect to person, stimulus, circumstance or ‘combination’ causes. The three information variables each significantly affected causal attribution, and consistency accounted for the largest percentage of the total variance. However, consensus information was a much more important determinant of attributions to person and stimulus than has previously been found. These differences were explained in terms of generalization gradients within people and across actors.

Attribution‐based strategies for initiating and terminating friendships

Research in attribution theory has almost exclusively focused on the perception process to the neglect of studying how communicators incorporate attribution‐based information in their message behavior. This study derived a typology of attribution‐based strategies from Kelley's attribution cube and Jones' ingratiation tactics to assess respondent strategies for initiating and for terminating same‐sex friendships. Respondents were 191 persons drawn from fifth grade, high school, college, and post‐college groups. Results of the study included: 1) distinctiveness information was disproportionately employed in the strategy repertoires to the neglect of consistency‐based and consensus‐based information; 2) respondents had greater variety in types of strategies for their initiation repertoires as opposed to their termination repertoires; 3) repertoire variety for both initiation and termination increased from childhood through adolescence.

Attribution Theory and Advertising Effectiveness

A factorial experiment was conducted to determine the effects of advertising context on the perception of an advertisement. Kelley's attribution variables were used to define four dimensions of context: consensus, consistency over time, consistency over modality, and distinctiveness.

Extension of the Kelley attribution model: The role of comparison-object consensus, target-object consensus, distinctiveness, and consistency.

Extension of the Kelley attribution model: The role of comparison-object consensus, target-object consensus, distinctiveness, and consistency.

An Integration of Kelley's Attribution Cube and Weiner's Achievement Attribution Model

The two dimensions of stability and internality, identified by Weiner et al. (1971) as underlying attributions for achievement, can be related to the consensus and consistency dimensions of Kelley's (1967) Anova cube model of attribution. In this study it was predicted that consistency information would be used to assess stability; whereas consensus information would be used to assess internality in making causal attributions in achievement settings. It was found that high consistency increased attributions to stable factors while low consistency increased unstable attributions. In addition, high consensus increased attributions to external factors, while low consensus increased internal attributions.

Causal Attributions, Attitude Similarity, and the Punishment of Drug Offenders*

AbstractThe present study derived hypotheses from Kelley's attribution model and recent research (Mitchell and Byrne, 1973) showing jurors' attitudes influence the length of sentences they recommend. Psychiatric nursing students (N=79) were presented with eight hypothetical case histories of convicted drug offenders, and were asked the causes of the offenders' behavior. The traffickers' socio‐economic status, consistency of offenses and form of trial (judge or jury) were experimentally manipulated. As predicted the behavior of consistent offenders was attributed to the person himself and subjects recommended more punishment for such individuals. Furthermore, subjects with liberal drug standards recommended less severe punishment for the offenders. Neither the sex nor the locus of control (Rotter, 1966) of the subjects had any significant main effects. Significant form of trial by consistency and drug standard by socio‐economic status interactions were found. Legal implications of the research are presented.

Attribution at the wire: Consistency and outcome finish strong

The present study used videotaped horse races to test Kelley's attribution theory of the way people perceive the causes of behavior. The subjects (81 college students) were given programs containing specially constructed information about the horses before each race and afterward completed a questionnaire indicating their perceptions about the horses' performance. As predicted, the performances of winning horses, as well as performances consistent in outcome with the horse's previous races were attributed more to the actor, the horse, and less to circumstances. Winning performances were less attributed to external factors (i.e., the field of horses). significant, but relatively small, consistency by outcome interactions also were found.

Perceiving the cause of one's own behavior: an unexpected reversal of Kelley's attribution theory.

Perceiving the cause of one's own behavior: an unexpected reversal of Kelley's attribution theory.