Katti Chaudhri Research Articles

Volumetric and Viscosimetric Measurements for Methanol + CH3–O–(CH2CH2O)n–CH3 (n = 2, 3, 4) Mixtures at (293.15–303.15) K and Atmospheric Pressure: Application of the ERAS Model

Densities, $$\rho$$, and kinematic viscosities, $$\nu$$, have been determined at atmospheric pressure and at 293.15–303.15 K for binary mixtures formed by methanol and one linear polyether of the type CH3–O–(CH2CH2O)n–CH3 (n = 2, 3, 4). Measurements on $$\rho$$ and $$\nu$$ were carried out, respectively, using an Anton Paar DMA 602 vibrating-tube densimeter and an Ubbelohde viscosimeter. The $$\rho$$ values were used to compute excess molar volumes, $$V_{{\text{m}}}^{{\text{E}}}$$, and, together with the $$\nu$$ results, dynamic viscosities ($$\eta$$). Deviations from linear dependence on mole fraction for viscosity, $$\Delta \eta$$, are also provided. Different semi-empirical equations have been employed to correlate viscosity data. Particularly, the equations used are the: Grunberg–Nissan, Hind, Frenkel, Katti–Chaudhri, McAllister and Heric. Calculations show that better results are obtained from the Hind equation. The $$V_{{\text{m}}}^{{\text{E}}}$$ values are large and negative and contrast with the positive excess molar enthalpies, $$H_{{\text{m}}}^{{\text{E}}}$$, available in the literature, for these systems. This indicates that structural effects are dominant. The $$\Delta \eta$$ results are positive and correlate well with the difference in volumes of the mixture compounds, confirming the importance of structural effects. The temperature dependences of $$\eta$$ and of the molar volume have been used to calculate enthalpies, entropies and Gibbs energies, $$\Delta G^{*}$$, of viscous flow. It is demonstrated that $$\Delta G^{*}$$ is essentially determined by enthalpic effects. Methanol + CH3–O–(CH2CH2O)n–CH3 mixtures have been treated in the framework of the ERAS model. Results for $$H_{{\text{m}}}^{{\text{E}}}$$ are acceptable, while the composition dependence of the $$V_{{\text{m}}}^{{\text{E}}}$$ curves is poorly represented. This has been ascribed to the existence of strong dipolar and structural effects in the present solutions.

Study of molecular interactions in binary liquid mixtures containing tri-n-butylamine with 2-pentanone, 3-pentanone, and 4-methyl-2-pentanone: A thermophysical approach

This paper reports experimental densities (ρ) and speeds of sound (u) of tri-n-butyl amine (TBA), 2-pentanone (2P), 3-pentanone (3P), 4-methyl-2-pentanone (4M2P) and their binary mixtures with TBA as common component, measured at atmospheric pressure and T=(293.15, 298.12, 303.15, 308.15 and 313.15) K over the entire composition range. Experimental viscosities (η) under similar condition of composition and pressure are also reported at T=(298.15, 303.15, and 308.15) K. Excess molar volumes (VmE), excess isentropic compressibility (Δκs) and deviations in speed of sound (Δu) of all the binary mixtures were evaluated from the experimental results of density and speed of sound data. All these thermodynamic properties are analyzed in terms of intermolecular interactions and structural effects present between the molecules of the investigated binary liquid mixtures. Further, viscosity data were used to calculate deviations in viscosity (Δη) and excess Gibb's free energy of activation for viscous flow (ΔG⁎E). The derived properties have also been correlated to composition using Redlich–Kister type polynomial equation by the method of least-square for the estimation of the binary coefficients and the standard errors. Apart from this, various semi empirical relations i.e. Grunberg–Nissan, Tamura–Kurata, Katti–Chaudhri, McAllister (3-body interaction) and Heric-Brewer (3-parameter) have been tested using experimental viscosity data.

Probing the intermolecular interactions in the binary liquid mixtures of o-chlorophenol with alkoxyethanols through ultrasonic, transport and FT-IR spectroscopic studies at different temperatures

The densities, viscosities and ultrasonic speeds of pure liquids o-chlorophenol (OCP), 2-methoxyethanol (MOE), 2-ethoxyethanol (EOE), 2-butoxyethanol (BOE) and their binary mixtures containing OCP as a common component have been measured at 303.15, 308.15, 313.15 and 318.15K as a function of composition of OCP. From these results, molar volume, adiabatic compressibility, intermolecular free length, and acoustic impedance are computed and their excess properties along with excess ultrasonic velocity, deviation in adiabatic compressibility, deviation in viscosity, and excess Gibb's free energy are fitted to Redlich–Kister type equation. The experimental data of viscosity is also used to test the applicability of empirical relations of Grunberg–Nissan, Katti–Chaudhri, Heric–Brewer, Hind et al. and Mc Allister four body models for the systems studied. Also, an attempt is made to use partial molar volumes and FT-IR spectral analysis of these binary mixtures to understand the interactions present and to correlate them with thermodynamic findings. The study reveals that the strength of interaction of OCP with MOE, EOE and BOE binary mixtures at all the temperatures follows the order MOE<EOE<BOE.

Densities, Viscosities and Speeds of Sound of Binary Mixtures of 2-Chloroaniline with o-Chlorotoluene, m-Chlorotoluene and p-Chlorotoluene at Different Temperatures

Densities (ρ), speeds of sound (u) and viscosities (η) are reported for binary mixtures of 2-chloroaniline (CA) with chlorotoluenes [o-chlorotoluene (o-CT), m-chlorotoluene (m-CT), and p-chlorotoluene (p-CT)] over the entire range of mole fraction at 303.15, 308.15, 313.15 and 318.15 K and atmospheric pressure. By using this data, the excess molar volumes, excess isentropic compressibilities, and deviation in viscosity for the binary systems were calculated and fitted to the Redlich–Kister equation to determine the fitting parameters and the root-mean-square deviations. The excess molar volumes, excess isentropic compressibilities, deviations in viscosity and excess Gibbs energy of activation of viscous flow have been analyzed in terms of charge-transfer complexes, and dipole–dipole interactions between unlike molecules in the mixtures. The viscosity data have been correlated using three equations: the Grunberg–Nissan, Katti–Chaudhri and Hind et al.

Volumetric and viscometric study of binary mixtures of 1,8-cineole with o-, m- and p-cresol at 303.15, 308.15 and 313.15K

The densities and viscosities of binary mixtures of 1,8-cineole + o-, m- and p-cresol have been measured at 303.15, 308.15 and 313.15 K temperatures at atmospheric pressure. Using experimental values of densities, excess molar volume have been calculated. Similarly, from the densities and viscosities values, deviation in viscosity and excess Gibbs energy of activation for viscous flow has been calculated. Various viscosity correlating interaction parameters like Dolezalek–Schulze (), Grunberg–Nissan (), Tamura–Kurata (), Katti–Chaudhri () and McAllister 3-body relation (, ) have been calculated. The Kendall–Munroe relation, Bingham relation and Arrhenius–Eyring relation have also been calculated. The calculated results were fitted using Redlich–Kister polynomial equation. The results show negative value for excess molar volume and positive value for deviation in viscosity and excess Gibbs energy of activation for viscous flow for all three binaries that indicates the presence of strong interactions between binary components.

Orientation effect on sign and magnitude of excess thermodynamic and transport properties of binary liquid mixtures at different temperatures

Experimental values of the density (ρ), speed of sound (u), and viscosity (η) have been measured for binary mixtures of 2-chloroaniline with toluene and xylenes (o-xylene, m-xylene, and p-xylene) at temperatures of 303.15, 308.15, 313.15, and 318.15 K over the entire mole fraction range. By using this data, the excess molar volumes (VE), deviation in isentropic compressibility (Δκs), and viscosity deviation (Δη) for the binary systems at the above mentioned temperatures were calculated and fitted to Redlich–Kister equation to determine the fitting parameters and the root-mean-square deviations. The excess molar volumes, deviation in isentropic compressibility, and viscosity deviation and excess Gibbs energy of activation of viscous flow have been analyzed in terms of n–π interactions, charge-transfer complexes, and dipole–induced dipole interaction between unlike molecules. The results obtained for viscosities of binary mixtures were used to test the semi-empirical relations of Grunberg–Nissan, Katti–Chaudhri, and Hind et al., equations.

Thermodynamic properties of cyclohexane–methanol liquid mixture from shear viscosity measurements

The binary liquid mixture cyclohexane–methanol has an upper critical point at a mass composition of 27.5% of methanol and critical temperature Tc=319.608±0.234K. The shear viscosity and density of this system have been carried out as a function of temperature, under atmospheric pressure, over the composition range along the coexistence curve above the transition temperature. From these experimental data values, various thermodynamic parameters, namely, Gibbs energy (ΔG), enthalpy and entropy activation parameters ΔH and ΔS, the excess molar volume (VE), excess Gibbs energy (ΔGE), viscosity deviations (Δη) and the activation energy (Eav) have been calculated and fitted to Redlish–Kister equation. Furthermore, in the one-phase region just above Tc of the critical binary fluid, the viscosity measurements yield to an enhancement as expected for Ising criticality with a crossover to regular behavior. The regular background is obtained by interpolation from the measurements at non-critical concentrations. The viscosity has been also correlated with the equation of Grunberg–Nissan, Hind et al., Katti–Chaudhri, Heric–Brewer, McAllister, Auslander and Acree–Jouyban.

Thermodynamics of mixtures with strongly negative deviations from Raoult’s law. XII. Densities, viscosities and refractive indices at T = (293.15 to 303.15) K for (1-heptanol, or 1-decanol + cyclohexylamine) systems. Application of the ERAS model to (1-alkanol + cyclohexylamine) mixtures

Densities, ρ, kinetic viscosities, ν, and refractive indices, nD, have been measured for (1-heptanol or 1-decanol+cyclohexylamine) systems at T=(293.15 to 303.15)K. The experimental ρ, ν, nD values were obtained using an Anton Paar DMA 602 vibrating-tube densimeter, an Ubbelohde viscosimeter and a refractometer model RMF970, respectively. These data are used to determine a number of derived properties: excess molar volumes, VmE, dynamic viscosities, η, deviations of this magnitude from linear dependence on mole fraction, Δη, Gibbs energies of activation of viscous flow, ΔG∗, deviations of nD from the ideal state, ΔnD, or molar refractions, Rm. In addition, (1-alkanol+cyclohexylamine) mixtures have been studied by means of the ERAS model. The corresponding parameters are reported. Viscosity data have been correlated by the following semi-empirical equations: Grunberg–Nissan, Hind, Frenkel, Katti–Chaudhri, Tamura–Kurata, Teja–Rice, McAllister and Heric. The deviations obtained are usually lower than 2%. The large negative VmE values of the studied solutions reveal the existence of strong alcohol-amine interactions. The properties VmE and Rm increase with the increasing of the chain length of the 1-alcohol, while Δη and ΔnD decrease. These variations suggest that interactions between unlike molecules are weakened and dispersive interactions become more important when the alcohol size increases. On the other hand, ΔG∗ is essentially determined by enthalpic effects. The effect of replacing cyclohexylamine by an isomeric amine, hexylamine (HxA), dipropylamine (DPA) or N,N,N-triethylamine (TEA) in mixtures with a given 1-alkanol is also investigated. It is shown that the strength of the methanol-amine interactions become stronger in the sequence: TEA<DPA<HxA≈cyclohexylamine. The application of the ERAS model to (1-alcohol+cyclohexylamine) mixtures supports these findings. The parameters obtained in this work fit well into the general ERAS treatment of (1-alkanol+amine) systems.

Density and viscometric study of binary liquid mixtures of morpholine with some aromatic hydrocarbons at temperatures 303.15, 308.15 and 313.15 K

The experimental data of densities and viscosities of the binary mixtures of morpholine with benzene, toluene, m-xylene and mesitylene have been reported over the whole composition range at (303.15 to 313.15)K at normal atmospheric pressure. Experimental data on density and viscosity have been used to derive excess properties like excess molar volumes VE, viscosity deviations (Δη) and Gibbs energy of activation for viscous flow (GE) as a function of composition. The experimental viscosity data have been correlated with the two body empirical equations like Grunberg–Nissan, Dolezalek–Schulze, Tamura–Kurata, Katti–Chaudhri and three body McAllister's equation. Interaction parameters D12, G12, T12, and Wvis/RT have been calculated. The experimental determined values of VE, Δη and GE were fitted to the Redlich–Kister-type polynomial equation. The variation of these properties with composition and temperature of the binary mixtures are discussed in terms of intermolecular interactions between unlike molecules.

Measurements of some physical properties of binary liquid mixtures (N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone + an aliphatic ester) at several temperatures and data processing of viscosity and ultrasonic speed

The ultrasonic speed (U) studies are carried out using single crystal variable path fixed frequency (2MHz) ultrasonic interferometer on some aliphatic esters in N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone (NMP) at temperatures of 303.15, 308.15, 313.15 and 318.15K. Excess molar volume, excess isobaric thermal expansion coefficient, excess isentropic compressibility and excess ultrasonic speed are computed from the experimentally measured ultrasonic speeds and densities of pure liquids NMP, methyl acetate (MA), ethyl acetate (EA), butyl acetate (BA) and their binary mixtures over the entire range of composition of NMP. The variation of these properties with composition and temperature of the binary mixtures is discussed in terms of molecular interactions of component molecules. The excess parameters are fitted to a Redlich–Kister type polynomial and the corresponding standard deviations are calculated. Thermodynamic parameters under study suggest the existence of strong interactions between NMP and aliphatic esters. The experimental data of viscosity is used to test the applicability of empirical relations of Grunberg–Nissan, Katti–Chaudhri, Heric–Brewer and McAllister for the systems studied. Also, ultrasonic speeds are theoretically evaluated based on scaled particle theory and compared with the experimentally measured values. The study reveals a close agreement between experimental and theoretical values of ultrasonic speed of these mixtures at all the temperatures under study. An attempt is made to study the temperature effect on the shapes of the interacting molecules in the binary liquid mixture using scaled particle theory in the temperature range 303.15–318.15K.

Thermodynamic, ultrasonic and FT-IR studies on binary liquid mixtures of anisaldehyde and alkoxyethanols at different temperatures

The experimental density, viscosity, and ultrasonic speeds of anisaldehyde (AA) and alkoxyethanols namely 2-methoxy ethanol (MOE), 2-ethoxy ethanol (EOE) and 2-butoxy ethanol (BOE) have been measured over the full range of compositions at atmospheric pressure and at different temperatures (303.15, 308.15, 313.15 and 318.15K). From these experimental values the molar volume (Vm), adiabatic compressibility (βad) and intermolecular free length (Lf), are computed and their excess properties along with deviation in viscosity (Δη) are fitted to Redlich–Kister type equation, a multi parametric nonlinear regression analysis technique to derive the binary coefficients and to estimate the standard deviation between experimental and calculated data. The experimental data of viscosity is also used to test the applicability of empirical relations of Grunberg–Nissan, Katti–Chaudhri, Heric–Brewer and Hind et al. for the systems studied. Further, FT IR analysis of these binary mixtures at different concentrations, confirms the presence of hydrogen bonding, and supported the results as observed in thermodynamic analysis with respect to forces of association/dispersion between unlike molecules. The interaction of AA with alkoxyethanol is found to decrease with increase in alkyl chain length of the alkoxy group.

Thermodynamic and spectroscopic study of molecular interactions in the binary liquid mixtures of N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone and some substituted benzenes at different temperatures

The densities and viscosities for pure liquids N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone (NMP), aniline (AB), bromobenzene (BB), chlorobenzene (CB) and their binary mixtures containing NMP as a common component have been measured at 303.15, 308.15, 313.15 and 318.15K as a function of composition of NMP. From these results, excess molar volumes, excess Gibb's free energy of activation of viscous flow and deviations in viscosity are computed. Excess properties are fitted to a Redlich–Kister type equation and the corresponding standard deviations are calculated. The experimental data of viscosity is used to test the applicability of empirical relations of Grunberg–Nissan, Katti–Chaudhri, Heric–Brewer and Hind et al. for the systems studied. The excess molar volumes are found to be negative whereas the deviations in viscosity and excess Gibb's free energy of activation of viscous flow values are found to be positive for all the mixtures, over the entire composition range. Partial molar volumes and apparent molar volumes at infinite dilution have been calculated. The variation of these properties with composition of NMP and temperature is discussed in terms of molecular interactions between component molecules. The strength of interaction of AB, BB, CB with NMP is found to obey the order AB>CB>BB. The IR, spectral studies of these binary mixtures also suggest specific interaction between the unlike molecules of the components and supported thermodynamic findings.

Thermodynamics of mixtures with strongly negative deviations from Raoult's law. XI. Densities, viscosities and refractives indices at (293.15–303.15) K for cyclohexylamine + 1-propanol, or +1-butanol systems

The thermophysical properties densities, ρ, kinetic viscosities, ν, and refractive indices, nD, have been measured at atmospheric pressure and at (293.15–303.15) K for the mixtures cyclohexylamine+1-propanol, or +1-butanol. The experimental ρ,ν,nD values were obtained using an Anton Paar DMA 602 vibrating-tube densimeter, an Ubbelohde viscosimeter and a refractometer model RMF970, respectively. Densities values are used to determine the molar excess volumes, VmE, and, together with ν values, the dynamic viscosities (η). Deviations from the ideal state,ΔnD, and deviation from linear dependence on mole fraction for viscosity, Δη, are also reported. The large negative VmE values obtained reveal the existence of strong interactions between unlike molecules. This is supported by the positive values of Δη and by the quadratic dependence of nDwith mole fraction. The temperature dependences of η and of the molar volume have been used to evaluate the enthalpy and entropy of viscous flow. It is shown that Gibbs energy of viscous flow,ΔG*, is essentially determined by enthalpic effects. Viscosity data have been correlated by the semi-empirical equations: Grunberg–Nissan, Hind, Frenkel, Katti–Chaudhri, Teja–Rice, McAllister and Heric. The deviations obtained are between 1% and 2%

Liquid Viscosities of Cyclohexane, Cyclohexane + Tetradecane, and Cyclohexane + Benzene from (313 to 393) K and Pressures Up to 60 MPa

Liquid viscosities of pure cyclohexane and of the cyclohexane + tetradecane and cyclohexane + benzene systems at four different compositions were measured using a rolling-ball viscometer from (313.2 to 393.2) K and pressures up to 60 MPa with an estimated experimental uncertainty in the measured viscosity data of 2 %. A comparison between our measured viscosities and those reported by others authors for cyclohexane was established with the hard-sphere scheme given by Assael et al. [Int. J. Thermophys. 1992, 13, 269−281]. The comparison showed an average relative deviation of 2.3 %. The measured mixture viscosity data were regressed with the correlations of Grunberg−Nissan (GN) and Katti−Chaudhri (KC), and a liquid viscosity model based on Eyring’s theory coupled with a cubic equation of state (ET-EoS), all of them using a single temperature-independent binary interaction parameter to describe the whole η, T, p, x surface of study. Results of the representation with the GN, KC, and ET-EoS viscosity models ...

Liquid Viscosities of the Ternary System Benzene + Cyclohexane + n-Tetradecane from (313 to 393) K and Pressures up to 60 MPa

Liquid viscosities of eight mixtures for the ternary system benzene + cyclohexane + n-tetradecane were experimentally measured using a rolling-ball viscometer from (313.2 to 393.2) K and at pressures up to 60 MPa. We performed the modeling of the measured mixture viscosity data (256 points) by applying the Grunberg−Nissan (GN) and Katti−Chaudhri (KC) correlations and a liquid viscosity model based on Eyring’s theory coupled to a cubic equation of state (ET-EoS) by using a single temperature-independent binary interaction parameter for the benzene + n-tetradecane, benzene + cyclohexane, and cyclohexane + n-tetradecane systems. Results of the modeling process yielded an average absolute deviation of (4.9, 5.3, and 6.7) % for the GN, KC, and ET-EoS viscosity models, respectively, which show that the GN model is superior to the KC and ET-EoS models in predicting the whole viscosity−temperature−pressure−composition surface of the ternary system studied.

Stereoisomeric effects on dynamic viscosity versus pressure and temperature for the system cis- + trans-decalin

In order to study the influence of stereoisomeric effects on the dynamic viscosity, an extensive experimental study of the viscosity of the binary system composed of the two stereoisomeric molecular forms of decalin – cis and trans – has been carried out for five different mixtures at three temperatures (303.15, 323.15 and 343.15) K and six isobars up to 100 MPa with a falling-body viscometer (a total of 90 points). The experimental relative uncertainty is estimated to be 2%. The variations of dynamic viscosity versus composition are discussed with respect to their behavior due to stereoisomerism. Four different models with a physical and theoretical background are studied in order to investigate how they take the stereoisomeric effect into account through their required model parameters. The evaluated models are based on the hard-sphere scheme, the concepts of the free-volume and the friction theory, and a model derived from molecular dynamics. Overall, a satisfactory representation of the viscosity of this binary system is found for the different models within the considered ( T, p) range taken into account their simplicity. All the models are able to distinguish between the two stereoisomeric decalin compounds. Further, based on the analysis of the model parameters performed on the pure compounds, it has been found that the use of simple mixing rules without introducing any binary interaction parameters are sufficient in order to predict the viscosity of cis + trans-decalin mixtures with the same accuracy in comparison with the experimental values as obtained for the pure compounds. In addition to these models, a semi-empirical self-referencing model and the simple mixing laws of Grunberg–Nissan and Katti–Chaudhri are also applied in the representation of the viscosity behavior of these systems.

Comparative experimental and modeling studies of the viscosity behavior of ethanol + C7 hydrocarbon mixtures versus pressure and temperature

The viscosity of the binary system ethanol + n-heptane has been measured with a falling-body viscometer for seven compositions as well as for the pure compounds in the temperature range 293.15–353.15 K and up to 100 MPa with an experimental uncertainty of ±2%. At 0.1 MPa, the viscosity has been measured with a classical capillary viscometer (Ubbelohde) with an uncertainty of ±1%. A total of 208 experimental data points are reported. The viscosity behavior of this binary system is interpreted as the results of changes in the free volume, and the breaking or weakening of hydrogen bonds. The excess activation energy for viscous flow of the mixtures is negative with a maximum absolute value of 0.3 kJ mol −1, indicating a very weakly interacting system. The data of this binary system as well as those recently measured for ethanol + toluene have been used to study the performance of some viscosity models with a physical and theoretical background. The evaluated models are based on the hard-sphere scheme, the concepts of the free-volume and the friction theory, and a model derived from molecular dynamics. In addition to these models, the simple compositional models by Grunberg–Nissan and Katti–Chaudhri have also been applied. Overall a satisfactory representation of the viscosity of these two binary ethanol + C 7 hydrocarbon systems is found for the different models within the considered T, P range taking into account their simplicity.

High-Pressure Viscosity Measurements for the Ethanol + Toluene Binary System

The viscosity of the ethanol + toluene binary system has been measured with a falling-body viscometer for seven compositions as well as for the pure ethanol in the temperature range from 293.15 to 353.15 K and up to 100 MPa with an experimental uncertainty of 2%. At 0.1 MPa the viscosity has been measured with a classical capillary viscometer (Ubbelohde) with an uncertainty of 1%. A total of 209 experimental measurements have been obtained for this binary system, which reveals a non-monotonic behavior of the viscosity as a function of the composition, with a minimum. The viscosity behavior of this binary system is interpreted as the result of changes in the free volume, and the breaking or weakening of hydrogen bonds. The excess activation energy for viscous flow of the mixtures is negative with a maximum absolute value of 335 J · mol−1, indicating that this binary system is a very weakly interacting system showing a negative deviation from ideality. The viscosity of this binary system is represented by the Grunberg–Nissan and the Katti–Chaudhri mixing laws with an overall uncertainty of 12% and 8%, respectively. The viscosity of methanol (23 point) has also been measured in order to verify the calibration of the falling-body viscometer within the considered T, P range.

Viscosity of binary mixtures of 1-alkanol+cyclohexane, 2-alkanol+cyclohexane and 1-alkanol+methylcyclohexane at 303.15 K

The viscosities of 18 binary mixtures of ethanol, 1-propanol, 1-butanol, 1-pentanol, 1-hexanol, 1-heptanol, 1-octanol, 1-nonanol, 1-decanol, 1-dodecanol, 2-propanol, 2-butanol, 2-pentanol and 2-octanol with cyclohexane and of 1-butanol, 1-pentanol, 1-hexanol and 1-heptanol with methylcyclohexane have been measured at 303.15 K over the entire range of composition. The viscosity deviations Δ η and excess Gibbs energy of activation Δ G* E of viscous flow have been analyzed in terms of change in the structure of pure component molecules and molecular interactions. The results obtained for dynamic viscosity of binary mixtures were used to test the semi-empirical relations of Grunberg–Nissan, Katti–Chaudhri, McAllister and Auslaender.

Densities, speeds of sound, isentropic compressibilities, refractive indexes, and viscosities of tetrahydrofuran with haloalkane or alkyl ethanoate at T = 303.15 K

Isentropic compressibilities κ S, excess isentropic compressibilities κ S E , excess molar volumes V E, viscosity deviations Δ η, and excess Gibbs energy of activation of viscous flow Δ G *E for nine binary mixtures of C 4H 8O with CCl 4, CHCl 3, CHCl 2CHCl 2, 1-C 6H 13Cl, 1-C 6H 13Br, CH 3CO 2CH 3, CH 3CO 2C 2H 5, CH 3CO 2C 4H 9, and CH 3CO 2C 5H 11 at 303.15 K have been derived from experimental densities ρ, speeds of sound u, refractive indexes n D and viscosities η. The limiting values of excess partial molar volumes of C 4H 8O at infinite dilution V 1 E , ∞ in different solvents have been estimated. The results obtained for dynamic viscosity of binary mixtures were used to test the semi-empirical relations of Grunberg–Nissan, Tamura–Kurata, Hind–McLaughlin–Ubbelohde, Katti–Chaudhri, McAllister, Heric, and Auslaender. Finally, the experimental refractive indexes were compared with the predicted results for Lorentz–Lorenz, Dale–Gladstone, Eykman, Arago–Boit, Newton, Oster, Heller, and Wiener equations.