Kashmiri Research Articles

Role of inflammatory mediators (TNF-α, IL-6, CRP), biochemical and hematological parameters in type 2 diabetes mellitus patients of Kashmir, India.

Background: Type II Diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a multifactorial disease and a leading cause of premature deaths. Inflammatory cytokines are reported that they have potential to enhance insulin resistance and hence T2DM. Assessment of immunological profile in T2DM patients of Kashmir valley is unclear. So, detection of cytokines is relevant to determine the extent and direction of immune responses. The current research was taken to study the role of inflammatory mediators in T2DM along with insulin sensitivity, biochemical and hematological parameters in mountainous valley of Kashmiri population. Methods: A total of 340 subjects were selected in this study among them 160 were T2DM cases and 180 were healthy controls. Serum expression of inflammatory mediators (TNF-α and IL-6 ) were quantified by ELISA technique, WBC count was measured on Sysmax (Germany) hematology analyzer, biochemical and Immunoassay parameters were done on Abbott c4000 (USA) and Abbott C1000 (USA) fully automatic analyzer. Data was analyzed using statistical ‘software SPSS 16.1’ (Chicago, IL). For all assessments, p<0.05 were considered statistically significant. Results: The expressions of candidate cytokines (TNF-α, IL-6, CRP, and WBC) were highly significant (p<0.001) in T2DM. Among inflammatory mediators, TNF-α shows a positive correlation (p<0.001) with glycemic profile and insulin sensitivity in T2DM cases in comparison with healthy normal. Biochemical (fasting sugar, HbA1c, insulin resistance, lipid profile) and anthropometric (BMI) parameters were highly significant (p<0.001) in T2DM cases as compared to non-diabetic normal. Conclusion: Low grade inflammation and up regulation of inflammatory mediators has been purported to play a significant role in pathogenesis of T2DM. Our findings confirm that positive correlation of TNF-α and IL-6 with T2DM and insulin sensitivity. These can act as early prediction biomarkers of T2DM. Further studies on wider range of pro and anti- inflammatory cytokines i.e. mediators, in association with other biochemical, immunoassay and hematological parameters are needed to help clinicians manage and treat T2DM effectively.

Arnimal: The Kashmiri Ancient Poetess of Lyricism, love and Optimism

Arnimal: The Kashmiri Ancient Poetess of Lyricism, love and Optimism

“Breve tipología del deseo” (rāgavibhāgopanyāsa). Traducción anotada del quinto capítulo de Madre por conveniencia (Samayamātṛkā), sátira sánscrita de Kṣemendra (s. XI)

Ésta es la primera traducción al castellano del quinto capítulo de la sátira sánscrita Madre por conveniencia (Samayamātṛkā), escrita por el gran poeta de Cachemira Kṣemendra (s. XI e.c.). Titulado “Breve tipología del deseo” (rāgavibhāgopanyāsa), el capítulo forma parte de las lecciones que, siguiendo la trama de la obra, imparte una experimentada proxeneta a su joven aprendiz en el oficio más antiguo del mundo. En un sentido más profundo, el capítulo constituye una especie de digresión teórica sobre diversos tipos de amantes desde la perspectiva del deseo (rāga) que cada uno de ellos manifiesta. Esta tipología destaca por su estilo y contenidos, así como por carecer de paralelos en el corpus sánscrito. En este contexto, el artículollama la atención sobre la trascendencia del capítulo y señala los temas que ameritan un estudio exhaustivo.

On the language of the Bāşāsurakathā poem and its relation to Kashmiri

On the language of the Bāşāsurakathā poem and its relation to Kashmiri

Personality, Coping and Well-Being in Kashmiri Migrants' Employees and Non-Migrants Employees:A Comparative Study

The migration of mass population within their own countries has become a serious problem worldwide because it affects the people, their livelihood and also results in cultural alienation and identity crisis. It is one of the vital issues faced by human civilization now-a-days. There are number of peoples who have been migrated due to violence, natural disasters internal conflicts and communal violence. The aim of the present study is to explore the differences in personality, well being and coping patterns among Kashmiri migrants employees and Kashmir non migrants employees. The sample used in the present study consisted of two groups of subjects viz. Kashmiri migrants employees (n=75), Kashmir non migrants employees (n=75). Friedman well-being scale, Neo-FFI, and way of coping (Lazarus) were used the measure the above variables. Descriptive statistic (mean; standard deviations) t-ratios and Discriminant function analysis were computed to compare the two groups in terms of significance of mean differences. Results clearly shows that there are significant differences in well-being, personality and coping of migrants and non-migrants.

A Case for mirativity and mirative markers in Kashmiri

A Case for mirativity and mirative markers in Kashmiri

Erratum to: Cognitive bearing of techno-advances in Kashmiri carpet designing

Erratum to: Cognitive bearing of techno-advances in Kashmiri carpet designing

Computerised tomographic profile of ethmoid roof on basis of keros classification among ethnic Kashmiri’s

&lt;p class="abstract"&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-US"&gt;Background: &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;The purpose of this study was to evaluate the ethmoid roof on computerized tomography of nose and paranasal sinuses of Kashmiri people and distribute them on basis of KEROS classification.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p class="abstract"&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-US"&gt;Methods: &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;Cross sectional descriptive study, the randomly selected paranasal sinus computed tomography (PNS CT) scans coronal cuts .Total of One hundred PNS CT scans done at the SMHS Hospital from April 2015 to September 2015 were reviewed, and selected for study. The bilateral heights of the lateral lamellae of the cribriform plate were obtained, independently coded, and classified according to keros.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p class="abstract"&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-US"&gt;Results: &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;The mean height of the lateral lamella among Kashmir’s was seen to be 5.08mm and 29% of patient’s CT PNS were classified as Keros I, 61% were classified as Keros II and 10% were classified as Keros III. There was significant difference in the distribution of Keros classification between the right and left lateral lamella. There was no significant difference in the height of the lateral lamella (t-test: p=0.98 on right side &amp;amp; p =0.89 on left side) and the distribution of Keros classification (Fisher’s Exact test: p = 0.823) among younger (1-14 year) and older (&amp;gt;14 year) Kashmiri age groups. There is significant difference in the height (t-test: p=0.03 on right side and p=0.03 on left side) and the distribution of Keros classification is statistically insignificant (Fishers Exact Test: p=0.11) between Kashmiri females and males.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p class="abstract"&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-US"&gt;Conclusions: &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;Preoperative assessment of ethmoid roof anatomy and keros level is mandatory for alerting the surgeon of the potential iatrogenic injury during endoscopic sinus surgeries to minimize the grave complications during ESS.&lt;/p&gt;

Severe generalized recessive dystrophic epidermolysis bullosa (Hallopeau-Siemen's) - a case report

Dystrophic epidermolysis bullosa is a rare heterogenous group of genetic disorders that is clinically characterized by increased skin fragility, blister formation, followed by scarring of skin and mucus membranes, either spontaneously or after induction of minor trauma. It can either be inherited as an autosomal recessive or autosomal dominant form. We herein report a case of severe generalized recessive dystrophic epidermolysis bullosa in a 6 year old ethnic Kashmiri girl.

Observations on cattle dairy breeds in Pakistan; need to curb unseen economic losses through control of mastitis and endemic diseases *

In October 2005 a devastating earthquake caused extensive damage among populations in Pakistan administered Kashmiri Region and parts of North Western Frontier. In addition to the loss of more than 87`000 human lives and 70`000 injured, many livestock namely buffaloes, cattle and goats were lost. This eroded the livelihoods of families that solely relied on livestock and agriculture for their economic survival. The International Committee of the Red Cross together with the German Red Cross (ICRC/ GRC) and the Kashmiri authorities formulated a project that sought to restore the livelihoods of the most vulnerable households to a level comparable to before the earthquake. The project adapted an agro-vet and micro-economic approach, part of which included the provision of a milking cow and calf. This report indicates that antibiotics and homoeopathic medicines provide similar levels of protection against mastitis (Spranger, 2000). Preventive measures like vaccinations, disinfectant footbaths and reducing stress during the critical time of calving goes a long way towards improving the overall health of the dairy cows (Dettloff, 2005). Although milking is in many cases still done by hand, pre-milking and post-milking hygienic procedures, such as udder washing and drying greatly decrease prevalence of mastitis.

Rites and Rituals of Kashmiri Brahmins – By Shashi Shekhar Toshkhani

Rites and Rituals of Kashmiri Brahmins – By Shashi Shekhar Toshkhani

Living in refuge: Kashmiri Pundit women

Living in refuge: Kashmiri Pundit women

Kashmiri L. Mittal receives Adhesives Age award as well as ASTM Adhesives Award

Kashmiri L. Mittal receives Adhesives Age award as well as ASTM Adhesives Award

Kashmiriyat: The vitality of Kashmiri identity

(1995). Kashmiriyat: The vitality of Kashmiri identity. Contemporary South Asia: Vol. 4, Kashmir, pp. 55-63.

Kashmiri clitics: the role of case and CASE

Les clitiques pronominaux en kashmiri montrent une relation duelle -de forme et d'ordre- avec leur coreferent. Aussi bien la forme que l'ordre presentent des anomalies par rapport aux theories actuelles sur les clitiques. Le but des As. est d'expliquer ces anomalies en tenant compte des recherches recentes

The ideology of the householder among the Kashmiri Pandits

Analyse de la place du chef de famille, grhastha, chez les Brahmanes de la vallee du Cachemire, connus sous le nom de Pandit. Essai de definition des principes de base de l'ideologie Pandit du chef de famille.

A Problem Piece of Kashmiri Metalwork

A Problem Piece of Kashmiri Metalwork

Primary Amenorrhea in Kashmiri Adolescent Females - A Hospital Based Study

DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/njog.v5i1.5054 NJOG 2010 Jul-Aug; 5(1): 12-16

A Manual of the Kashmiri Language, Comprising Grammar, Phrase-Book and Vocabularies

A Manual of the Kashmiri Language, Comprising Grammar, Phrase-Book and Vocabularies