KAP Levels Research Articles

Knowledge, attitude, and practice toward foodborne disease among Chinese college students: a cross-sectional survey

BackgroundMore than 200 diseases are caused by eating food contaminated and the burden of foodborne disease is considered to be high worldwide. Foodborne diseases are an important public health issue, and the knowledge, attitudes and practices among college students are crucial in preventing outbreaks.ObjectiveThis study aimed to evaluate the current knowledge, attitudes, and practices (KAP) toward foodborne diseases among Chinese college students and to identify the factors influencing practice actions.MethodsA cross-sectional study was conducted from April to November in 2023. A cluster random sampling method was used to enroll participants at Xihua University. The questionnaire including 47 items was used to collect the foodborne diseases information. An offline questionnaire was used to generate the surveys. Multiple linear regression was used to analyze the factors associated with foodborne disease knowledge, attitudes and practices.ResultsA total of 445 college students with a mean age of 19.76 ± 1.24 years were included in the study. The majority of participants were female (59.1%), of Han Chinese (95.1%), and nearly two-thirds were lower-year undergraduates (66.7%). Most participants (78.9%) were non-medical students, and 64.7% of participants were from rural areas. The KAP score of foodborne diseases was 79.21 ± 6.84. The knowledge, attitudes, and practices scores toward foodborne diseases were 8.76 ± 0.95, 10.50 ± 1.63, and 59.94 ± 6.48, respectively. In particular, there was a notable decrease in practice scores toward foodborne diseases among male students, ethnic minority students, and non-medical students. The significant predictors of practices were included gender (β = 0.11, p < 0.05), nationality (β = −0.12, p < 0.05), specialization type (β = −0.13, p < 0.05), residence (β = −0.11, p < 0.05).ConclusionThese results revealed gaps in knowledge, attitudes, and practices regarding foodborne diseases, and the knowledge was at an insufficient level, the attitude was positive and practice was at a moderate and acceptable level. In general, the level of KAP was at a moderate and acceptable level. Gender, nationality, education level, specialization type, and residence were identified as crucial influencers on practices toward foodborne diseases. It is necessary to provide foodborne disease health education targeting this population in western areas, which can help improve students’ knowledge, attitudes, and practices.

Knowledge, attitude, and practices concerning prostate cancer and its prevention in the Lebanese population

Prostate cancer (PC) is a frequent neoplasm among men. This study aimed to determine the awareness level of Lebanese men on PC in terms of knowledge, attitude, and practice (KAP). This was a cross-sectional online based survey, conducted on Lebanese men between April and December 2021. We collected data regarding socio-demographic characteristics, habits, and patient/family history of PC, and assessed the level of knowledge (27 items), attitudes (6 items) toward PC, and the level of practice related to the prostate exam and PSA test. We evaluated 844 responses. Only 4.6% of our participants demonstrated an adequate Knowledge level about PC. A greater score was achieved with participants of higher educational levels (p < 0.001) and those who had previously heard about PC (p = 0.002). Around 40% of responders displayed an adequate attitude toward PC. Higher educational level (p < 0.001), being informed by the physician and/or urologist about the PSA test (p < 0.001), having previously heard about PC (p = 0.001), being advised to be screened for PC (p = 0.006), and being employed (p = 0.007), improved attitude level toward PC. As for practice, PSA testing and prostate exam performance significantly increased with age, monthly income, being employed, history of prostate problems, being informed by a physician and/or urologist about the advantages and disadvantages of having the PSA test, and attitude towards PC. With unsatisfactory KAP levels toward PC, tailored awareness campaigns according to the identified predictors of PC KAP are needed in Lebanese men to prevent and alleviate their disease progression.

Knowledge, attitude, and practice regarding tuberculosis in a labor-intensive industrial district.

In China, tuberculosis (TB) is a major contributor to deaths caused by infectious diseases, with a significant number of cases remaining undetected. Lack of knowledge could heighten the chances of infecting TB. Due to the lack of information on the knowledge, attitudes, and practices (KAP) related to TB among labor-intensive businesses, the study aimed to evaluate the TB KAP within this demographic. A descriptive cross-sectional survey was conducted among 1,007 participants from March 1 to 28, 2023. A survey was created for assessing knowledge, attitudes, and practices related to tuberculosis, and was sent to employees within the company. We utilize t-tests, ANOVA, and multiple linear regression to investigate the relationship between TB knowledge, attitudes, and practices and various influencing factors. The mean good scores rate for TB KAP were 43.5, 23.5, and 75.3%, respectively. Native, female, and workers living in their own houses had a higher score in TB knowledge. Native, non-operators, and workers with a history of TB contact had higher scores in TB practice. Regarding the multivariable linear regression analysis, sex, seniority, birthplace, marital status, and sources of information were associated with greater knowledge; monthly income categories were associated with greater attitude; and position, birthplace, and contact history were associated with greater practice. The survey results lead to the assumption that the level of KAP toward TB is not high among manufacturing workers in Songjiang district. Therefore, it is crucial to enhance tuberculosis knowledge, attitudes, and practices within this demographic.

Understanding the future of dengue in Malaysia: Assessing knowledge, attitude, and homeowner practices in mitigating climate-driven risks

Introduction Dengue fever poses a significant public health threat, particularly in tropical regions like Malaysia. The rising incidence of dengue outbreaks challenges healthcare systems and highlights the urgent need for effective preventive measures. Climate change, with rising temperatures and shifting rainfall patterns, is expected to worsen the dengue situation in the coming years. Methods . This is a cross-sectional study conducted among adult residents of low-cost housing apartments in an urban poor community in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia involving approximately 16,000 residents. A representative sample of 1,636 residents was calculated using the Krejcie and Morgan formula, and stratified random sampling was used to ensure proportional representation across the various floors of each PPR community apartment block. Data were collected using a structured questionnaire adapted from a validated Malay version. The questionnaire assessed respondents’ knowledge, attitudes, and practices (KAP) related to dengue prevention, categorising KAP scores as “Good” (≥80%) or “Poor” (&lt;80%). Descriptive statistics summarized population characteristics and KAP scores, while logistic regression identified predictors of KAP levels, with significance set at p ≤ 0.05. Results In this community, 76.7% of participants exhibited poor knowledge and 83.1% had a negative attitude towards dengue, despite 66.7% demonstrating good preventive practices. The PPR location significantly predicts dengue knowledge, attitudes, and preventive practices, with p-values of less than 0.001 for all domains. Marital status also predicts dengue knowledge (p = 0.007) and preventive practices (p = 0.023), while prior infection with dengue is a predictor of preventive practices (p = 0.047). Conclusion Despite the community’s good dengue prevention practices, likely influenced by environmental expectations, there remains a critical need for education to sustain and strengthen these efforts, as climate change continues to worsen in the coming years. It is crucial to help residents grasp the relevance of these practices, so they can apply them more effectively as climate-driven risks intensify. Targeted interventions should de designed differently for each of the four PPR communities as their levels of knowledge, attitude and practices vary significantly, taking into account independent factors like marital status and prior dengue infection, which shape preventive behaviors.

KNOWLEDGE, ATTITUDES AND PRACTICES TOWARDS OPEN EDUCATIONAL RESOURCES IN HIGHER EDUCATION INSTITUTIONS IN THE PHILIPPINES

Open educational resources (OER) are well-known around the world and globally it gives revenue to Higher Education Institutions (HEIs). It also gives benefits in various Asian countries. However, in the Philippines there is a lack of information and implementation. With the update in education and the shift in learning modality a great need for educational resources - free and open to the public increases, especially in the outrage of the pandemic. These events and phenomena also create a schism between librarians' perspectives and practices on OER. This paper examines the academic librarians' knowledge, attitudes, and practices (KAP) toward OER in higher education institutions in the Philippines. Specifically, this paper is aimed at assessing the level of KAP toward OER among the librarians. It also investigates the relationship between KAP-OER and the profiles of academic librarians and libraries, as well as the differences between KAP-OER and sex, higher educational attainment, and years of service. The respondents of the study were the 57 academic librarians from different HEIs in the Philippines. An adapted questionnaire was used, and it was administered online through Google forms. Results show that academic librarians reinforce the trend of infrequent engagement in OER practices at the school. In terms of reuse, revise, remix, and redistribution, the respondents express a tendency to rarely engage in these practices at our school, with mean scores ranging from 5.31 to 5.75. On the general aspects of OER, the respondents exhibit a positive attitude, with a mean score of 5.27. The respondents and library profiles record no relationship to KAP. In contrast, print and nonprint resources can positively affect KAP. While sexes, highest educational attainment, and number of years of service shows no difference. This study concludes that Philippine academic librarians challenged in terms of KAP-OER. Thus, require the interventions for improvement. This study confirms that more research is needed. It suggests providing OER seminars and training, promoting OER through collaboration, funding, institutional incentives, and support for OER activities.

Knowledge, attitudes, and practices towards poultry handling and Salmonella risk among households in Beirut, Lebanon

Food-Borne Disease (FBD) is defined as an illness resulting from consuming foods contaminated with bacteria, their toxins, viruses, or parasites. Food poisoning due to improper food handling is a major global public health problem. In Lebanon, numerous challenges affect safe food consumption, with poultry being a common vehicle for many pathogens, such as Salmonella spp. This bacterium can cause serious illnesses, including gastroenteritis, characterized by abdominal pain, vomiting, diarrhea, and fever. This study aimed to examine the Knowledge, Attitudes, and Practices (KAPs) towards poultry handling among households in Beirut, Lebanon, and identify factors influencing KAP levels. A cross-sectional study was conducted through face-to-face interviews with 125 households in different areas of Beirut. The interview was divided into four main parts: sociodemographic characteristics, knowledge, attitudes, and practices. The results showed that consumers' knowledge and practices were inadequate, though their attitude was positive. Participants aged 43–55 had higher odds of having a good knowledge level than those aged 18–29 (OR = 3.889, p = 0.02). Additionally, those with a college education were 7.442 times more likely to have a positive attitude towards food safety compared to those with no formal education (p = 0.005). Most participants (91.2 %) do not regularly check their refrigerator and freezer temperatures. Furthermore, significant associations (p < 0.001) existed between the different KAP levels. This study aimed to raise public awareness regarding the handling of chicken to minimize food-borne illnesses by evaluating food handlers’ knowledge and behaviors. Insights from this study can used in campaigns to raise awareness about Salmonella and transmission risks among households. Moreover, findings may guide policymakers to create regulations for safe handling of poultry.

Knowledge, Attitude and Practice of Parents to Childhood Immunization: A Cross-Sectional Study in Gandaki Province of Nepal

Introduction: Childhood immunization is one of the most cost effective public health interventions to prevent vaccine-preventable diseases and improve child survival. In Nepal, the national immunization program aims to ensure that all children receive the recommended vaccines, yet challenges remain in achieving universal coverage. The Knowledge, Attitude, and Practice (KAP) of parents towards immunization play a critical role in vaccine uptake. This study was designed to assess their understanding, attitudes, and behaviors toward vaccinating their children. Methods: A prospective observational cross-sectional study was conducted from April 22, 2023, to October 2023 GP Koirala National Centre for Respiratory Diseases and Hospital, Tanahun, Gandaki Nepal, involving 227 parents of children under 18 months. The participants were selected through purposive sampling from Pediatric OPD of this hospital. A structured questionnaire was used to collect data about their knowledge, attitude, and practices regarding childhood immunization. The data were analyzed using SPSS version 23 with descriptive statistics, with results expressed as frequencies and percentages and Chi-square tests employed to identify associations between demographic variables and KAP levels. Results: The study revealed that 73.6% of parents had good knowledge about childhood immunization, recognizing the importance of vaccines and being aware of the vaccination schedule. However, only 64.3% of parents demonstrated a favorable attitude toward immunization, reflecting mixed perceptions about the necessity of vaccines and their safety. Additionally, 60.3% of parents exhibited good practices, indicating that while a majority ensured their children received vaccines, there were still gaps in adherence to the full immunization schedule. Demographic factor such as education level significantly influenced KAP scores. Conclusion: The study highlights the need for continuous efforts to enhance parental knowledge, improve attitudes, and reinforce good practices regarding childhood immunization in Nepal. Although the majority of parents showed a reasonable understanding of vaccines, the discrepancies in attitudes and practices suggest that targeted interventions, including education and outreach, are necessary to improve vaccination rates. Addressing these gaps is crucial to ensuring complete immunization coverage and safeguarding children from preventable diseases. Keywords: Childhood immunization, parental knowledge, vaccination practices, public health, vaccine uptake.

Assessment of Knowledge and Practices Related to Non-Surgical Management of Osteoarthritis Among Patients in the Rural Community of Sri Ganganagar, Rajasthan.

Introduction: Osteoarthritis (OA) is a degenerative joint disease that represents a major public health challenge, especially in rural communities where access to advanced healthcare is limited. This study aims to assess the knowledge, attitudes, and practices (KAP) related to the non-surgical management of osteoarthritis among patients in the rural district of Sri Ganganagar, Rajasthan, India. Method: A cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted among 234 adult OA patients aged 45 and above, residing in selected rural areas of Sri Ganganagar. Participants were recruited using convenience sampling from local health centers and community clinics. The data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, Chi-square tests, and correlation analyses to explore associations between demographic variables and KAP levels. Results: The study revealed that 29.9% of participants had adequate knowledge about OA, while 18.8% had inadequate knowledge. Regarding practices, 21.4% of participants demonstrated good practices in managing their OA symptoms, whereas 20.9% exhibited poor practices. Significant associations were found between age and education level with both knowledge and practice levels (p &lt; 0.05). A moderate positive correlation was observed between age and knowledge score (r = 0.45, p = 0.002), and a strong positive correlation was found between knowledge and practice scores (ρ = 0.60, p &lt; 0.001). Conclusion: The findings underscore the need for targeted health education programs in rural communities like Sri Ganganagar to bridge knowledge gaps and improve adherence to non-surgical OA management practices. Enhancing patient education and integrating healthcare providers in the patient education process could significantly improve OA management and patient outcomes in rural settings.

Teachers’ Knowledge, Attitude, and Practice on Schoolchildren’s Visual and Eye Health: A Scoping Review

Abstract Studies on knowledge, attitude, and practice (KAP) of teachers regarding schoolchildren’s visual and eye health is an important step before implementing further collaboration between education and healthcare system. The input in this field is limited as many countries are at the early stage of involving teachers in school health screening programmes. This review aims to understand the level of KAP among teachers on schoolchildren’s visual and eye health and the methodology used to conduct these studies. This scoping review was conducted based on Arksey and O’Malley’s framework for scoping studies. A systematic search using electronic databases (Scopus, Web of Science, PubMed and Ebscohost) was conducted to identify relevant articles, imported into the Rayyan web application for review management. Mendeley desktop was utilised for citation management. A total of 463 articles were identified during the selection process, and 17 articles were included in this scoping review after eligibility screening. These studies were grouped into three designs: cross-sectional, intervention, and qualitative. This scoping review revealed that the level of knowledge and practice among teachers on schoolchildren’s visual and eye health was low to moderate, while the level of attitude was good. Some misconceptions exist among teachers regarding children’s visual and eye health. Training programmes for teachers are crucial to significantly improve their KAP levels. Most of the teachers lacked the knowledge and practice concerning children’s visual and eye health. However, with a good attitude, their awareness level can be upgraded with proper training, eye screening facilities, and access to information.

A Cross-Sectional Study of Pre-Prepared Foods Knowledge, Attitudes, and Practices of College Students in Central China.

Objectives: This study aimed to investigate knowledge, attitudes, and practices related to pre-prepared foods among college students in Central China. Methods: From the end of May 2024 to June 2024, we completed a cross-sectional study using an online questionnaire. A total of 1676 questionnaires were distributed online, and 1566 valid questionnaires were collected. Data were analyzed using Kruskal-Wallis tests or Wilcoxon rank-sum tests for univariate analysis. A multiple linear regression model was employed with knowledge, attitudes, and practices scores as dependent variables to identify factors associated with the scores on pre-prepared food knowledge, attitudes, and practices. Results: The survey results showed that 56.7% of the participants had high knowledge scores, 4% of the participants had high attitudes scores, and only 0.4% of the participants had high practices scores. Multiple linear regression analysis showed that ethnicity, the number of children in the family, academic qualifications, and monthly living expenses were associated with college students' knowledge of pre-prepared foods (p < 0.05). Gender and the satisfaction with school catering services were associated with college students' attitudes of pre-prepared foods (p < 0.05). Gender, knowledge and attitudes were associated with practices of pre-prepared foods (p < 0.05). Conclusions: College students have a relatively high level of knowledge of pre-prepared foods. However, they have more negative attitudes and practices towards pre-prepared foods, and the overall KAP levels are low.

KNOWLEDGE, ATTITUDE, AND PRACTICE TOWARDS ZOONOTIC BOVINE TUBERCULOSIS AMONG NOMADIC PASTORALISTS IN NASARAWA, NIGERIA

Tuberculosis is a chronic debilitating disease occurring worldwide affecting a wide range of animals and man. In developing countries like Nigeria, the situation is still high among pastoral communities, occupationally related livestock workers, and immune-compromised individuals living with HIV and Aids whose knowledge, practice, and attitude could predispose them to zoonotic tuberculosis (ZTB). In this study, a total of 125 questionnaires were administered to pastoralcommunities in the southern zone of Nasarawa to determine the Knowledge Attitude and Practice among pastoralists towards ZTB, and informed consent was sought among the individuals before the interview was granted. A descriptive statistic was used to calculate and analyze data from the KAP level of response and the socio-demographic variables: Educational Level; duration in Pastoral activities and Age of the respondents. From the KAP level interview, the response indicated that (77.6 %) of respondents with a secondary level of education are aware of the zoonotic transmission of TB from animal to man while (62.4 %) have knowledge that man can contract TB from animals. The participants have some understanding of the signs of TB, but greater awareness (77.6 %) was observed mostly among participants with a secondary level of formal education. Consequently, on the knowledge of how TB is transmitted, there was inadequate knowledge among the participants as (68.8 %) of primary level and (41.6 %) of respondents without formal education said meat is the vehicle for the transmission of TB from animals while only (33.6 %) of the participants with secondary education mention Milk produ cts. All the participants consumed Sour Milk (100 %) while the level of consumption of fresh and boiled milk among the participants was (24.1 % and 27.6%; Table 2) regardless of their educational level. Regarding the practice of using protectives while in contact with animals, (68.0 %) and (61.6 %) of respondents with primary and secondary formal education said they wash their hands after contact with animals while only (20.8 %) of respondents without formal education wash their hands after contact with animals. KAP level observed a divergence of opinion among the participants due to inadequate awareness and knowledge of protection from ZTB.KAP level observed that more than (65 %) of the respondents do not undergo BCG vaccination. Consequently, the study observed a (100 %) consumption of Sour Milk among the respondents. There is a need for an integrated education in line with one health approach to pastoral communities to safeguard them from zoonotic bovine tuberculosis.

Knowledge, Attitudes, and Practices towards Single-Use Plastic Bags in the United Arab Emirates

Due to their widespread misuse and inadequate waste management, single-use plastic bags represent the global plastic pollution crisis and ecosystem degradation. Comprehensive research on population knowledge, attitudes, and practices (KAP) regarding single-use plastic bags is lacking in the United Arab Emirates (UAE). This study aims to fill this gap by assessing the KAP levels among the UAE population and determining the relationships between these variables. A five-point Likert scale questionnaire from previous studies was used in a cross-sectional study, and the questionnaire was distributed via Google Forms. The UAE University Research Ethics Committee approved the study (ERSC_2024_4377). Non-probability sampling and G*power statistical analysis version 3.1.9.6 determined 385 UAE residents aged 18 years and older. The findings were verified through face-to-face interviews and Cronbach’s alpha tests. KAP variable associations were assessed using Chi-square tests, Pearson’s correlation coefficients, and a structural equation model with SPSS version 29.0. This test was chosen for robust categorical and continuous data. The study included 84.7% female, and 15.3% male participants aged 18 to 65 years, primarily aged 18 to 25 years, with most holding bachelor’s degrees (47.6%), and were students (51.4%), employed (33.1%), or unemployed (12.2%). The results indicated a favourable inclination towards sustainability, with mean ± standard deviation (SD) for seven knowledge questions (3.89 ± 0.7), seven attitude questions (3.99 ± 0.7), and five practice questions (3.42 ± 0.8) exceeding the midpoint. The correlation test showed that total knowledge was positively correlated with practice (r = 0.399; p &lt; 0.001) indicating the increasing knowledge regarding single-use plastic bags associated with increasing sustainable practices and attitudes (r = 0.648; p &lt; 0.001). There was also a significant correlation between the total attitude and practice (r = 0.487; p &lt; 0.001). The findings suggest targeted educational and policy interventions to promote sustainable behaviour.

Knowledge, Attitudes, and Practices Associated with the Selection of Sweetened Ultra-Processed Foods and Their Importance in Oral Health.

Reading nutritional labelling helps consumers select healthier food, thereby benefitting their oral health. The purpose of this study was to describe the knowledge, attitudes, and practices (KAPs) of parents and carers of children and preteens, associated with reading nutritional labelling, selecting sweetened ultra-processed foods, and their impact on oral health. This was a descriptive cross-sectional study in which a validated questionnaire was administered to 298 parents and caregivers of children aged 1-12 years from different districts in Villavicencio, Colombia. Participants' scores, based on the number of correct answers, were used to classify their level of KAP as low, medium, or high. In addition, the frequency of responses, the KAP levels, and the median scores were analysed. Finally, associations were determined using the chi-square test. Most participants reached a medium level in terms of knowledge (41.6%) and attitudes (49.3%) and a low level in terms of practices (43.3%). An association was found between participants' level of KAPs and their socioeconomic and educational level (p < 0.05). The study findings reveal inadequate KAPs associated with nutritional labelling, adequate food selection, and the importance of oral health.

Healthcare Professionals' Knowledge, Attitudes, and Practices in the Assessment, and Management of Sickle-Cell Disease: A Meta-Aggregative Review.

Sickle Cell Disease (SCD) presents significant health challenges globally. Despite its prevalence in diverse geographical regions, there is a paucity of literature synthesizing evidence on healthcare professionals' knowledge, attitudes, and practices (KAP) toward SCD assessment and management. This meta-aggregative review systematically examined and synthesized existing qualitative research to elucidate healthcare professionals' KAP regarding SCD assessment and management. This meta-aggregative review followed Aromataris and Pearson's guidelines and the PRISMA framework for systematic review reporting. The search was conducted in Scopus, PubMed, Embase, CINAHL Web of Science, Google Scholar, Dimensions AI, and HINARI. Quality appraisal was performed using the Joanna Briggs Institute tool. Healthcare professionals (HCPs) demonstrate varying levels of KAP toward SCD assessment and management. Studies reveal low-to-moderate levels of general knowledge among HCPs, with nurses often exhibiting poorer understanding than physicians. Deficiencies in awareness of specific interventions, such as chemoprophylaxis and prenatal diagnosis, are noted, along with gaps in SCD assessment and diagnosis, particularly in pain management and premarital screening. Attitudes toward SCD patients vary, and practices reveal inconsistencies and deficiencies, including inadequate nutritional counseling and barriers in emergency departments. However, interventions aimed at improving HCPs' KAP show promise in enhancing understanding and attitudes toward SCD, suggesting potential avenues for improvement. Educational initiatives targeted at both student nurses and practicing healthcare providers, coupled with the implementation of standardized protocols and guidelines, can enhance knowledge acquisition and promote consistent, high-quality care delivery. Future studies should improve the quality of their methods in this area of study.

Assessment of knowledge, attitudes, and practices on vaccine usage among small ruminant farmers in the Northern Region of Bangladesh.

Small ruminants require vaccines to prevent and manage diseases. Unfortunately, no studies have been conducted in Bangladesh to assess the knowledge, attitudes, and practices (KAP) of small ruminant farmers (SRF) regarding vaccine use against infectious diseases, affecting the success of vaccination campaigns. The present study aims to assess SRF's KAP regarding vaccines, revealing gaps and barriers to efficient vaccination. Two hundred and twenty-eight SRF in northern Bangladesh were surveyed in a cross-sectional study. Data were collected from random participants through face-to-face interviews using a structured questionnaire. KAP levels were categorized as "good" or "poor" and "positive" or "negative" using a scoring method with a 60% cutoff. The analysis comprised the utilization of descriptive statistics as well as logistic regression models. Results showed that most participants were female (60.5%), aged 31-40 (34.2%), with secondary education (28.1%), and vaccination training (22.8%). While 75% knew about vaccines, only 37.3% understood their role in preventing infectious diseases, and 63.6% in reducing antibiotic use 68.4% of farmers were aware of negative drawbacks, and 61.8% reported vaccinating their herds. About 42.1% of the farmers had good knowledge, 52.6% had a positive attitude, and 22.8% followed good practices. Female farmers with graduate degrees and 6-10 years of goat farming experience, but not those with vaccination training, demonstrated stronger knowledge. Female farmers with a graduate degree and 6-10 years of goat farming experience displayed positive attitudes. Female goat farmers from Thakurgaon had a higher likelihood of following good vaccination practices than those with vaccination training. The study unearths disparities in KAP scores among farmers. To effectively address KAP gaps concerning vaccine usage and prevent potential infectious diseases, it is essential to design focused educational and training programs. About 52.6% of SRF hold a positive view toward vaccines.

Knowledge, attitude, and practice towards dengue fever among medical students in Sudan: A cross-sectional study.

Dengue fever, a neglected tropical disease, exhibits a total seroprevalence of 27% in Sudan. During the recent outbreak, medical students actively participated in health education and community outreach programs. This study aims to assess the knowledge, attitude, and practice (KAP) of medical students regarding Dengue Fever (DF) during its current outbreak in Sudan. We conducted a cross-sectional study involving medical students from more than 15 Sudanese universities, encompassing 11 states. Data collection took place between October 23 and November 10, 2023, utilizing a Google Form questionnaire. A convenient sampling technique was employed to reach students due to its accessibility and feasibility during the ongoing conflict in Sudan. Correlation and regression analyses were used to identify predictors of KAP and establish associations between KAP domains and socio-demographic factors. Of 694 medical students, 11% reported a previous infection with DF. Among the participants, 58% demonstrated good knowledge, 74.1% exhibited a positive attitude, and less than half (46.7%) demonstrated good preventive practices. There was a positive correlation between knowledge and attitude levels with the practice level (p < 0.001). Gender, age, and previous DF infection emerged as significant predictors (p < 0.05) of the overall KAP level in multiple logistic regression. Our study revealed a commendable level of knowledge and attitude but a suboptimal level of practice regarding DF among medical students. This inadequacy in practice, particularly among medical students who are expected to set an example, is concerning and warrants further investigation.

Knowledge, attitudes and practices about air pollution and its health effects in 6th to 11th-grade students in Colombia: a cross-sectional study.

Globally, air pollution is the leading environmental cause of disease and premature death. Raising awareness through environmental education and adequate communication on air quality could reduce the adverse effects. We aimed to assess the knowledge, attitudes, and practices (KAP) regarding air pollution and health and determine the factors associated with these KAP in children and adolescents. In 2019-2020, a cross-sectional study was conducted on 6th-11th grade high school students in five municipalities in Colombia. Variables collected included: age, sex, private or public school, any medical history, emergency room visits due to respiratory symptoms in the last year, and whether students played sports. The main exposure was the School Environmental Project. The outcomes were the KAP scale [0% (the lowest score) to 100% (the highest score)]. The factors associated with KAP levels were evaluated with independent mixed regressions due to the multilevel structure of the study (level 1: student; level 2: school), and the exponential coefficients (95% confidence interval-CI) were reported. Among 1,676 students included, 53.8% were females. The median knowledge score about air pollution and its health effects was 33.8% (IQR: 24.0-44.9), 38.6% knew the air quality index, 30.9% knew the air quality alerts that occurred twice a year in these municipalities and 5.3% had high self-perceived knowledge. Positive attitudes, pro-environmental practices, being female, grade level, attending a private school, having respiratory diseases, and the school environmental project importance were associated with higher knowledge scores. The median attitudes score was 78.6% (IQR: 71.4-92.9). Pro-environmental attitudes were associated with knowledge-increasing, being female, attending a private school, and the school environmental project. The median pro-environmental practices score was 28.6% (IQR: 28.6-42.9). During air quality alerts, 11.6% had worn masks, 19% had reduced the opening time of windows and 15.9% avoided leaving home. Pro-environmental practices were associated with knowledge-increasing and attitudes-increasing, and lower practices with higher grade levels, visiting a doctor in the last year, and practicing sports. Children and adolescents have low knowledge scores and inadequate pro-environmental practices scores regarding air pollution. However, they demonstrate positive attitudes towards alternative solutions and express important concerns about the planet's future.

Enhancing participant understanding and ethical considerations in clinical trial biospecimen research: Insights from an oncology setting in India

This study explores the KAP of clinical trial participants on the use of surplus biospecimens for future research in Indian oncology trials. A hospital-based prospective study was conducted among 112 oncology clinical trial participants. Non-probability purposive sampling technique was used to recruit the participants. This study captured their socio-demographic information and pre and post-KAP assessment by using self-administered questionnaires and its highlights ethical concerns and the lack of global guidelines. The main goal is to understand participants’ understanding and opinions on sample collection, utilization, and storage, as well as the ethical implications. SPSS software used for statistical analysis to evaluate pre and post-intervention KAP scores using frequency, percentage, mean difference, standard deviation, and applied paired t-test and Wilcoxon signed ranks test to assess Different KAP Levels. The study analyzed knowledge, attitude, and practice levels among oncology clinical trial participants using statistical tests. Pre-test to post-test comparisons showed significant increases in knowledge (p &lt; 0.001, Wilcoxon Signed Ranks Test), attitude (p &lt; 0.001, paired-samples t-test), and practice (p &lt; 0.001), highlighting the intervention’s effectiveness. This study highlights the effectiveness of interventions in improving the knowledge, attitude, and practice (KAP) of oncology clinical trial participants in India regarding the use of surplus biospecimens, emphasizing the importance of standardized guidelines in global oncology trials.

Identification of the health education targeted susceptible population of tuberculosis in Ningxia, Northwest China

Knowledge, Attitude, and Practice (KAP) survey, as an effective measure tool, is of practical significance for identifying the susceptible population in high-incidence regions of tuberculosis (TB). We aim to identify the health education targeted susceptible population of TB and discuss the acting pathway of KAP in Ningxia. A multistage random sampling method was used to conduct a face-to-face questionnaire survey for residents. The latent class analysis (LCA) model was used to classify susceptible populations of TB, and the structural equation modeling (SEM) model was also employed to investigate the interaction mechanisms of KAP (mediation analysis). We further applied the ordered logistic regression model to explore the associated factors. A total of 973 residents were enrolled, 70.6% were male, aged from 16 to 89. The LCA analysis demonstrated that 3 categories of susceptible populations of TB ("overall good", "positive attitude" and "overall poor") have optimal goodness of fit (BIC = 7889.5, Entropy = 0.923). SEM model indicated that the attitude plays a significant mediation effect from knowledge to practice toward TB (an indirect effect of 0.038, and a direct effect of 0.138). The ordered logistic regression results found that age, sex, marital status, education level, occupation, family income, self-perceived health status, having a family member or friend with TB, and knowing the DOTS strategy were significantly associated with classifications of KAP level towards TB. Based on the LCA model, we accurately classified the susceptible population of TB into 3 groups with different degrees of KAP. We found that TB attitude plays a mediating role between knowledge and practice. Therefore, we should pay more attention and carry out targeted health education in the community to these populations with overall poor KAP towards TB, and develop effective strategies and measures to realize the End TB Plan.

Increasing Knowledge, Attitude, and Practice in using Traditional Medicines through Pharmacist’s Education and Mentoring in Mojokerto

Background: The use of traditional medicines globally continues to increase and must be balanced with increased knowledge, attitudes, and practice in using traditional medicines through pharmacist education and mentoring.Objectives: This research aims to determine the description of the use of traditional medicine, the level of knowledge, attitudes, and practice of the community in using it, and the influence of pharmacist education and mentoring on it.Methods: This research design was quasi-experimental with a pre-test and post-test control group with 406 community research subjects. It involved 14 pharmacists in providing education and mentoring through WhatsApp group media by providing material according to the modules prepared. The instrument used a questionnaire developed from previous research and tested for validity and reliability. Data collection was carried out prospectively by the participant-self, and analyzed using the Wilcoxon Signed Ranks Test.Results: This study's total number of respondents was 406, divided into 203 as the intervention group and 203 as the control group. The description of the respondent's KAP level before the intervention is in the medium category and after the intervention is in the high category based on the Wilcoxon Signed Ranks Test results at a 95% confidence level (α=0.05) in the intervention group.Conclusion: The use of traditional medicines in the phytopharmaca class is 3%, standardized herbal medicines are 35%, and jamu is 62%. The level of knowledge, attitudes, and practice of the community in using traditional medicine in Mojokerto Regency is, on average, in the medium category. This research also shows the influence of pharmacist education and mentoring on increasing knowledge, attitudes, and practice scores from medium to high.