Just-In-Time Approach Research Articles

Analisis Just In Time (JIT) Persediaan Krudung di CV. Age Group

Every company always needs inventory, without having inventory, entrepreneurs will be faced with risks such as one time not being able to fulfill their customers' desires. This can happen, because goods are not always available at all times, which means entrepreneurs will lose the opportunity to gain the profits they should get. Therefore, the company must have an inventory management strategy in which the company must ensure that it is able to provide supplies with quality, quantity and time. Therefore CV. Age Groub must pay attention to storage capacity in order to meet demand for supplies of goods, and more attention must be paid to inventory management so that it remains well organized. By using the Just In Time approach. This research aims to optimize the efficient use of warehouse space to store goods with maximum capacity. The results using the Just In Time system approach are more efficient in calculating total inventory costs for the CV age group. The results obtained from analysis using the Just In Time method vary because they are based on various aspects. The greatest savings value is in the aspect of minimum inventory capacity from normal inventory with 66 deliveries which can save approximately 87% of the company's total costs, while from inventory which is added assuming damage, loss and defects of 5% with 73 deliveries can be achieved. save costs by 88%. So if you use the Just In Time system you will save costs of approximately 87-88%.

Pengendalian Persediaan Bahan Baku Bawang Merah Untuk Produksi Bawang Goreng Dengan Metode Economic Order Quantity (EOQ) Dan Just In Time (JIT)

Effective planning to manage the procurement of raw materials is crucial for maintaining productivity in production activities and controlling costs. Indonesian enterprise UD. XYZ is dedicated to the manufacturing of fried onions. However, between April 2022 and June 2023, there have been regular fluctuations in the raw material availability for the production process, which has resulted in subpar output levels and unmet demand. To solve this problem, this study will use time series forecasting techniques to estimate the demand for fried onions and the Economic Order Quantity method to control raw material supply. Furthermore, this study uses the Just In Time approach to determine the minimum inventory cost. Both systems are anticipated to lessen the effects of changes in raw material availability. Based on the research results, the linear regression method was used for forecasting, which predicted an average demand of 1354 Kg of fried onions with a MAPE value of 2,79%, MAD 27,59, and MSD 1317,81. Then, an EOQ value of 1992,85 kg was calculated using the Economic Order Quantity (EOQ) and Just In Time (JIT) methods. This resulted in a total minimum storage cost of Rp. 2.989.271.

ANALISIS PENGENDALIAN PERSEDIAAN TEPUNG TERIGU DI UMKM CITRA MENGGUNAKAN METODE ECONOMIC ORDER QUANTITY (EOQ) DAN JUST IN TIME (JIT)

As a Micro, Small and Medium Enterprise that is engaged in the food business, namely crackers, the raw material used in Citra UMKM is wheat flour which is the main raw material in making crackers. raw material. In this study, the authors review controls to determine the size of the safety stock. the availability of raw materials for Citra UMKM by comparing the two availability systems. This study aims to determine the amount of safety stock and when to reorder and compare the availability control system that has been carried out by Citra UMKM using two availability control systems, namely the Economic Order Quantity (EOQ) method and the Just In Time (JIT) method. After further analysis showed that in controlling the inventory of raw materials, the costs incurred by Citra UMKM were greater than those using the Economic Order Quantity (EOQ) method and the Just In Time (JIT) approach. Meanwhile, if the Economic Order Quantity (EOQ) approach is compared with Just In Time (JIT) with each of the total inventory costs between companies, EOQ and JIT are IDR 10,000,000, IDR 1,109,995 and IDR 934,924, using the JIT approach is superior because the number of higher orders and lower total inventory costs.

Quantum simulation with just-in-time compilation

Quantum technologies are moving towards the development of novel hardware devices based on quantum bits (qubits). In parallel to the development of quantum devices, efficient simulation tools are needed in order to design and benchmark quantum algorithms and applications before deployment on quantum hardware. In this context, we present a first attempt to perform circuit-based quantum simulation using the just-in-time (JIT) compilation technique on multiple hardware architectures and configurations based on single-node central processing units (CPUs) and graphics processing units (GPUs). One of the major challenges in scientific code development is to balance the level of complexity between algorithms and programming techniques without losing performance or degrading code readability. In this context, we have developed qibojit: a new module for the Qibo quantum computing framework, which uses a just-in-time compilation approach through Python. We perform systematic performance benchmarks between our JIT approach and a subset of relevant publicly available libraries for quantum computing. We show that our novel approach simplifies the complex aspects of the implementation without deteriorating performance.

Exploration and prioritization of just in time enablers for sustainable health care: an integrated GRA-Fuzzy TOPSIS application

PurposeThe increased health-care costs, improved service quality and sustainability-oriented customer demand have forced the health-care sector to relook their current process. The present work deals with the identification, analysis and prioritization of just in time (JIT) enablers in the health-care sector.Design/methodology/approachJIT leads to waste reduction, improves productivity and provides high-quality patient care. The practical implementation of JIT depends on vital factors known as enablers. The enablers have been found through the comprehensive literature review and prioritized using responses from different health-care facilities of the national capital region of India. Grey relational analysis (GRA) has been used in the present study to rank enablers and ranks were further validated using the fuzzy technique for order of preference by similarity to ideal solution (TOPSIS) and sensitivity analysis.FindingsIt has been found that top management support, teamwork and real-time information sharing are the most significant enablers of JIT in health care with grey relational grades 0.956, 0.832 and 0.718, respectively. The corresponding closeness coefficients of the fuzzy TOPSIS for the enablers were found as 0.875, 0.802 and 0.688, respectively. The findings of the present research work will facilitate the health-care organizations to implement a comprehensive JIT approach that further leads to improved patient care at a low cost.Originality/valueThe present study is unique in terms of the exploration of the readiness measures or enablers of JIT using GRA and fuzzy TOPSIS. The findings of the present research work will facilitate the health-care organizations to optimize their resources for better patient care.

Using an Embedded Librarian Model to Increase Information Literacy in Political Science Research Methods

This paper discusses the design, facilitation and outcomes of a pilot embedded librarian initiative that transpired in a research methods course in a political science program. The purpose of this study was to examine the impact and affordances of embedding a librarian in an undergraduate methods course. This study explored how embedding a librarian enhanced the pedagogical approach, student learning outcomes, and to what extent students became more comfortable collaborating with reference librarians to expand their research methods and improve their information literacy skills. The study used a quasi-experimental approach and embedded a librarian using a Just in Time approach. The overall findings of the research study reveal that while there were no statistically significant findings, there were subtle differences between course sections.

Just in time elements extraction and prioritization for health care unit using decision making approach

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to identify and prioritize prime just-in-time (JIT) elements in Indian healthcare sector based on the degree of importance and difficulty. This facilitates the implementation of JIT philosophy in healthcare services without any failure as well as provides quality services to patients at low cost.Design/methodology/approachJIT elements related to health care services have been sorted out from comprehensive literature survey. Moreover, important and difficult JIT elements have been ranked on the basis of score obtained by the quantitative method using statistical tools. Furthermore, validation and prioritization of important JIT elements based on the degree of importance have been computed using the analytical hierarchy process (AHP) and best worst method (BWM).FindingsThe present work provides important, difficult and easy to implement JIT elements in healthcare services. Besides, this work justifies the application of decision-making tool (AHP, BWM) for the prioritization of JIT elements in the health care sector.Practical implicationsThe present study develops a deep understanding of JIT concepts in health care services. Furthermore, it motivates professionals for implementing JIT in healthcare services with healthy situation for both hospital and supplier.Social implicationsThe present work is beneficial for all the dimensions of sustainable development (social, economic and environmental). The implementation of JIT with a proper understanding of its elements results in an improved patient care, lesser cost of healthcare delivery, time and better management of associated medical items. This work also facilitates the proper management of inventory items together with the reduction in various Lean wastes with the proper implementation of JIT in healthcare. The reduction in various associated wastes leads to cleaner surrounding and lesser environmental degradation.Originality/valueThis paper outlines the need of a robust JIT approach in the healthcare sector for quality services. The efficacy of JIT, AHP and BWM has been explored to find out critical elements for successful JIT implementation in health care.

Can the number of surgery delays and postponements due to unavailable instrumentation be reduced? Evaluating the benefits of enhanced collaboration between the sterilization and orthopedic surgery units

IntroductionThe development of outpatient surgery, cost-reduction pressures and instrumentation storage limitations have led to their use “just-in-time”. A recent study showed that stoppage of surgical procedures immediately before the incision (No-Go) was often due to the management of supplies and implantable medical devices. To our knowledge, since the development of outpatient surgery and the shortening of hospital stays, managing the flow of instrumentation has not been optimized. At our hospital, we used a two-prong approach consisting of a tool to manage instrumentation and working group from the sterilization and orthopedic surgery units. The aims of this study were to: 1) evaluate whether this approach led to better notification of the risk of supply shortage for instrumentation and 2) determine whether it could reduce by at least half operating room disruptions such as delays or cancellation of surgical procedures. HypothesisThis approach results in better notification of the risk of supply shortage for instrumentation and reduces by at least half operating room disruptions such as delays or cancellation of surgical procedures. Material and methodsA tool was developed to manage instrumentation flow based on a retrospective analysis of data from 2015. This tool consisted of: (1) a list of instrumentation needed for each surgical procedure from an analysis of the surgical schedule and verification of traceability labels of the instrumentation actually used, (2) a list of reasons for supply shortage identified from an analysis of non-conformities occurring in the sterilization process of instrumentation kits. These analyses resulted in the development of checklists for instrument sets for each procedure, while identifying those with a high risk of shortage. In 2017, a working group focused on instrumentation was set up with personnel from the sterilization unit and the orthopedic surgery unit. Based on the check-lists and the schedule 24hours before the surgery, the sterilization unit alerted the surgery unit by email of the risk of material shortage; the surgery ward replied with potential changes to the material or the surgery planning. This approach (instrumentation management tool and working group) was named just-in-time (JIT). The main outcome was the number of notifications of potential supply shortage with and without JIT over a 10-week period. The secondary outcomes were the number of notifications resolved in time and the occurrence of operating room disruptions (delay>30min or postponement of surgery) related to unavailable instrumentation. ResultsNine reasons for potential supply shortage were identified such as instrumentation kits used for several types of procedures, those with fast rotation and low stock, or in double pathways (on loan and on deposit). The working group reported 163 potential shortages with JIT versus 41 without (p<10−5), of which 150 (92.5%) were resolved. Thirteen operating room disruptions occurred; only one was not detected by the JIT approach. ConclusionOur JIT approach (instrumentation management tool and working group) is effective at preventing instrumentation supply shortages. Level of evidenceIII, prospective comparative study.

Economic Manufacturing Quantity and Its Integrating Implications

Several contradictions are noted among the Economic Order Quantity (EOQ), Just‐In‐Time (JIT), and Optimized Production Technology (OPT) approaches and the economic framework for profit maximization. A fundamental model referred to as the Economic Manufacturing Quantity (EMO) is developed and examined for its integrating implications for the three approaches. An implication for the classic EOQ approach is that the balance between setup and inventory carrying costs is valid when a production facility is operating at or below a certain critical level but not when operating above that level. An implication for the JIT approach is that one must reduce setup cost at non‐bottlenecks and setup time at bottlenecks to reduce inventory. An implication for the OPT approach is that trade‐offs between setup and inventory carrying costs may indeed be ignored while determining process batch sizes, provided each facility in a production system is operating at or above Its critical level. Economic theoretic analysis of the EMO model provides a basis for unification of JIT which advocates stability in operating level as a key to improved productivity and quality, and OPT that advocates maximizing operating level with resultant emphasis on bottlenecks as a key to increased profits. This unifying basis states that a profit‐maximizing production facility or system will operate at the full and stable level as long as market demand remains relatively sensitive to price and operating at the full (maximum) level provides positive unit contribution.

A unified recursive just-in-time approach with industrial near infrared spectroscopy application

Time varying and non-linearity issues are commonly seen in soft senso development. Recently, just-in-time approach has been widely used to address the non-linearity problem in near infrared (NIR) spectroscopy modeling. However, to the best of the authors' knowledge, the time varying problems in just-in-time (JIT) framework are rarely discussed and the adaptation strategy for the local models in JIT approach remains an open issue. In this paper, a new model updating approach is proposed which can adjust to process changes by merging the traditional recursive algorithm in the JIT framework. The advantage of the presented approach is that it can solve both time varying and non-linearity issues simultaneously under the JIT framework. The performance of the method has been tested on a spectroscopic dataset from an industrial process. By comparison with traditional PLS, locally weighted PLS and several other on-line model updating strategies, it is shown that the proposed method achieves good performance in the prediction of fuel properties.

Synergy Of Incident Management And Real-Time Technology: The Next Step In The Evolution Of Supply Chain Management

&lt;p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify; line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0.5in 0pt;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;serif&amp;quot;; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Over the last two decades, the culture of the supply chain environment has transformed from one of mass production and distribution to one centered on pull-based demand sensing and response.&lt;span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"&gt;&amp;nbsp; &lt;/span&gt;This transformation, in turn, has necessitated the use of more efficient supply chain operations.&lt;span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"&gt;&amp;nbsp; &lt;/span&gt;One of the cornerstones of efficient supply chain operations is just-in-time (JIT) delivery and inventory reduction, both in-transit and in-facility (Anderson et al 2003, Simchi-Levi et al 2000). &lt;span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;The goal of JIT, a sub-part of a larger concept referred to as time-critical logistics (TCL), is to facilitate the delivery of materials only as they are required.&lt;span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"&gt;&amp;nbsp; &lt;/span&gt;This practice, in turn, leads to improved efficiency by reducing inventory costs and idled capacity.&lt;span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"&gt;&amp;nbsp; &lt;/span&gt;In addition, JIT provides increased customer orientation and responsiveness; two very critical elements in an environment of intense competition and rising fuel prices.&lt;span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"&gt;&amp;nbsp; &lt;/span&gt;A vital part of JIT is the routing and scheduling of shipments.&lt;span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"&gt;&amp;nbsp; &lt;/span&gt;Therefore, in order to effectively manage JIT, accurate predictions of routes and travel times are essential. (Miller et al 1999).&lt;span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"&gt;&amp;nbsp; &lt;/span&gt;The JIT approach has dramatically increased the importance of reliability and efficiency throughout supply chain operations, in such areas as the sourcing of goods, transportation, manufacturing, and distribution.&lt;span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

Revolutionizing oncology patient enrollment in clinical trials: Just-in-time approach

6577 Background: In the US, adult oncology patient enrollment in clinical trials is estimated at 4% (Cancer 2006; 106(2):426–33). This is a major bottleneck in the development of new cancer treatments, especially for rare indications, like stage IV pancreatic cancer in treatment-naive patients. To overcome the challenge of low enrollment in clinical trials, Pharmatech developed the Just-In-Time (JIT) approach. JIT expands the potential patient population and allows research sites to pre-identify patients using standard of care information prior to site activation. This differs from a traditional approach where sites are activated prior to screening for patients. We postulated the JIT approach would impact patient accrual. Methods: With the JIT approach, a central IRB-approved protocol was presented to 38 research-ready sites but only 8 sites with a potential patient obtained IRB-site approval over a 6 month period. Within 5–10 business days after identifying a potential patient, sites obtained IRB approval, investigators at the site were trained, received study materials, and dosed the first patient. We compared traditional site activation conducted by the sponsor to JIT approach in this study. Results: Traditional approach vs JIT approach: No.of patients enrolled: 42 vs 18; No.of months open: 19 vs 6; No. of sites open: 13 vs 8; No. of non-enrolling sites: 2 vs 0; Patient accrual rate (pts/mo/site): 0.17 vs 0.38. Sites participating in the JIT approach accrued subjects at &gt;2x the rate of traditionally activated sites. The JIT approach eliminated non-enrolling sites, increasing sites’ and sponsor's satisfaction with enrollment. JIT also enhanced patient options by providing access to a novel treatment alternative for this rare indication even at smaller research sites. Conclusions: With JIT, patient accrual rate, enrollment success and trial-related cost in a pancreatic cancer study were markedly better than with the traditional approach. Expanding JIT to other rare indications and to trials requiring specific genetic tumor-profiles will show whether these results are reproducible and whether JIT is a viable approach for trials with challenging eligibility criteria. No significant financial relationships to disclose.

Economic order quantity (EOQ) versus just‐in‐time (JIT) purchasing: an alternative analysis in the ready‐mixed concrete industry

The literature on the use of just‐in‐time (JIT) and economic order quantity (EOQ) purchasing has increasingly favoured JIT in recent years, especially when firms are purchasing to meet high and consistent levels of demand, and the JIT operation can take advantage of inventory physical plant space reduction. The theoretical advantages of JIT purchasing may have been overstated. Two new concepts are developed to underpin the idea that, even if the JIT approach can induce inventory physical plant space reduction, it is possible for EOQ to be more cost effective, as the inventory demand approaches the break‐even point between the function of the annual holding capacity of an inventory facility and the function of the EOQ–JIT cost indifference point. The survey and case study conducted in the ready‐mixed concrete industry in Singapore support this proposition.

JUST-IN-TIME PRODUCTION, AUTOMATION, COST ALLOCATION PRACTICES AND IMPORTANCE OF COST INFORMATION: AN EMPIRICAL INVESTIGATION IN NEW ZEALAND-BASED MANUFACTURING ORGANIZATIONS

This paper is based on an empirical study of the relationship between Just-in-Time (JIT) production, automation, cost allocation practices and the relative use of cost information for making and evaluating managerial decisions. The study uses a survey questionnaire to collect data from a random sample of New Zealand-based manufacturing organizations. Hypotheses were tested using bivariate tests and multiple regression analysis. The results indicate that the choice of activity-based cost allocations is negatively associated with the extent to which firms use a JIT approach to manufacturing, but positively associated with increased automation in the factory, as hypothesized. Furthermore, the increased use of JIT production is found to be associated with the decreased use of detailed costing information. The study found some support for the hypothesis that increased automation is associated with the increased use of costing information for managerial decisions.

A comparative study of line design approaches for serial production systems

Over the past decade two approaches, just‐in‐time (JIT) and theory of constraints (TOC), for designing and operating production lines have developed, each claiming to be the “correct” way. In addition there are still those who maintain that line balanced (whenever possible) is the optimal method. This study uses simulation to compare each of these approaches for designing and operating production lines under various levels of processing time variability, station downtime, and total system inventory. Not surprisingly, the JIT approach appears to work best when system variability is low. The TOC approach works best when system variability is high. This shows that lines designed using TOC principles perform significantly better than JIT lines when inventory is low, and JIT lines perform significantly better than TOC lines as inventory is added to the system. The traditionally balanced line did not perform best under any of the conditions used in this study.

Introductory Algebra: A Just In Time Approach, by Alice Kaseberg

Introductory Algebra: A Just In Time Approach, by Alice Kaseberg

Changing Patterns of Employment in Japan: Employee Transfers in the Private Sector

Patterns of employment in Japan's large enterprises have undergone significant adjustment since the early 1980s. An ongoing and accelerating transformation is under way, where once the basis of regular employment was the recruitment of graduates, career-long identification in the enterprise and security in its stable internal labour market. The process reflects a Just In Time approach to managing human resources, which is designed to have 'the right workers, in the right quantity, in the right place and at the right time'. The approach is exemplified in Japan's private sector, although it is not confined to that sector; nor is it unique to Japan. This paper examines one of a variety of Just In Time strategies: the transfer of regular employees out of the firm that originally employed them. The study relies on the limited amount of English language literature on the phenomenon and the analysis also draws on recent research in Japan. It is argued that regular employees who are sent out by their employer to work under the total control of a third party are a special type of non-regular labour. It is also argued that the transferring practice, together with an increasing proportion of non-regular em ployment relationships, has significant implications for Japan's internal labour market structures and its enterprise-based unionism. The implications are relevant for industrial societies undergoing restructuring and for those rethinking their industrial relations situation.

PARTICIPATION IN AMERICAN VERSUS JIT SYSTEMS: IS IT THE SAME?

The just‐in‐time (JIT) production system is notable for its emphasis on employee involvement and participation. However, we suggest that the role of participation that is most typically described in the organizational behavior (OB) literature does not match the type of participation practiced in JIT. We introduce a theoretical framework that accounts for these different perspectives: whereas the OB approach treats participation as an intervention and hence as an independent variable, the JIT approach sees it as a side effect of the JIT production system and hence a dependent variable. Understanding of the differences is essential in JIT implementation in the workplace if we are to avoid miscommunication, stress, and disbelief in the system.

A simulation-based method to aid the improvement of manufacturing flexibility

Manufacturing organizations today are under increasing pressure to supply high quality products with short delivery times and at low cost. These competitive pressures make it essential for the company's manufacturing resources, whether a highly automated or traditional manual system, to be operated in the most efficient and flexible way possible. One useful measure of the flexibility of a manufacturing system is the manufacturing lead times of its products: shorter lead times contribute to greater flexibility. The drive for reduced lead times is an important aspect of the Just-In-Time (JIT) manufacturing philosophy. JIT is normally seen as an essentially experimental process of continuous small improvements, achieved by exposing one constraint at a time and eliminating its cause. However, this process often involves a risk of disruptions to production as problems come to light. This paper proposes an approach to achieving lead time reductions without the need for the risks of disruption involved in the normal JIT approach. If a simulation model of the manufacturing system is used for the experimental aspects of implementation, rather than the real system, then many of the problems might be anticipated, and hence addressed, before production is affected. The approach is based on the use of a simulation model to evaluate the overall performance of the system under given conditions. Proposed enhancements to the system can then be evaluated to assess their impact before the need to implement the changes in the real system. The approach is illustrated by its application to the problem of batch size determination and its effects on lead time performance. Results indicate that the approach may be suitable for application in a wide range of manufacturing companies.

Simulation of a PCB assembly line: A modified JIT approach

In this paper, a simulation model of an existing printed circuit board (PCB) assembly line is developed in an attempt to identify strategies which tend to improve the system performance. The model is based on the concept of the JIT (Just-In-Time) production approach. Parameters investigated includes sequencing rules, lot sizes, number of Kanbans used, and number of PCB types.