Jump Performance In Athletes Research Articles

Acute Effect of Kinesio Taping Applied to Gastrocnemius Muscle on Jumping Performance in Athletes and Sedentary Individuals

Aim: This study aimed to investigate the acute effect of kinesio taping applied to athletes and sedentary individuals on vertical and horizontal jumping performances. Methods: The study included 20 licensed male basketball players and 20 male sedentary individuals between the ages of 18-25. Vertical jump height and horizontal jump distance were evaluated. Free jumping and squat jumping tests were applied to measure the vertical jump height. Single leg hop test was chosen for the measurement of horizontal jump distance. Single leg hop test was performed with the dominant foot. Tests after kinesio taping were performed 10 minutes after facilitation technique was applied to gastrocnemius muscle. Results: A comparison of the pre- and post-taping data in the athlete group revealed a significant increase in both squat jump and single leg hop tests (p<0.05). In the sedentary group, there was a significant increase only in the single leg hop test compared to before taping (p<0.05). All pretest and posttest values of the athlete group were higher than the sedentary group (p>0.05). In terms of the performance increases after kinesio taping, the increases in the athlete group were higher for all tests compared to the sedentary group (p>0.05). Conclusions: Our study revealed that kinesio taping can improve jumping performance in both athletes and sedentary individuals. We think that kinesio taping could improve the performance especially in sports where jumping movements are frequently used such as basketball.

Flywheel Resistance Training Improves Jump Performance in Athletes and Non-Athletes: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis

Flywheel Resistance Training Improves Jump Performance in Athletes and Non-Athletes: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis

Postural balance ability and vertical jumping performance in female veteran volleyball athletes and non-athletes.

Lifetime participation in sports is associated with improved components of physical conditioning. The main purpose was to cross-sectionally investigate postural balance and vertical jumping performance in athletes with different histories of sports participation and secondarily to examine the restriction of vision on balance ability. A final aim was to investigate possible associations between balance and jumping performance. We hypothesized higher balance and jumping performance in active veteran volleyball athletes compared to retired athletes and non-athletes, suggesting a positive effect of continuous systematic training in active veteran athletes. We also hypothesized greater negative effect of vision removal on balance in the veteran compared to non-athletes due to athletes' stronger reliance on visual information. Eighty-one healthy middle-aged women (mean (standard deviation) 50 (5) years) were assigned to three experimental groups, a retired (n = 39, recreationally active former athletes), an active (n = 27, training 2days/week x 1.5 h/session) veteran volleyball athletes' and a control group (n = 15, sedentary participants). Participants completed an assessment of single-legged quiet stance trials with either left or right leg with eyes open while standing barefoot on a force plate and two-legged trials with both eyes open or closed. They also executed a protocol of countermovement jumps. Statistical analyses included univariate and full factorial ANOVAs with group and vision as fixed and repeated-measures factors and simple linear regression analysis. In the single-legged balance task, solely the mediolateral sway range was greater for the active (p < 0.001) and retired athletes (p < 0.001) compared to non-athletes, whereas in the two-legged stance, no differences among groups were found (p > 0.05). Restriction of vision deteriorated balance performance similarly in the three groups as a significant vision effect was found for path length (p < 0.001), anteroposterior (p < 0.001) and mediolateral sway (p < 0.05). The active and retired athletes had significantly (p < 0.001) greater height, mean and maximal power in countermovement jump compared to non-athletes. Results showed weak associations (average R2 = 9.5%) of balance with jumping performance only in the veteran volleyball athletes' group. Overall, the findings showed that retired volleyball athletes exhibited similar balance ability and vertical jumping performance as the active ones, suggesting a positive impact of prior experience in systematic training.

The Effects of Post-activation Potentiation on Contractile Properties and Jump Performance in Athletes

The Effects of Post-activation Potentiation on Contractile Properties and Jump Performance in Athletes

Effect of Plyometric Training on Long Jump Performance in Athletes

Study design: Experimental study design Objective: Study was designed to rule out the effect of the plyometric training on athletes. Summary of background: Goal of the long jumper has to develop the most efficient training technique to maximize performance. Resistance training improves strength but not speed. The plyometric exercises train the fast muscle fibers and the nerves that activate them as well as reflex and hence it is one of the primary tools which enhance both i.e. strength and speed. Purpose of this study: Find out the effect of PLYT on long jump performance in athletes. Methodology: 60 long jump players were randomly allocated to group-A (control group-30) and group-B (plyometric training group-30) for 6 week training program. Pre and post training measurements of standing long jump (SLJ) and horizontal long jump (HLT) were taken. Results: Group-A shows significant difference for pre and post SLJ (t= -10.579. p < 0.01). Group-B shows significant difference for pre and post SLJ (t = -11.989, p < 0.01). Inter group (post-A and post-B) result shows significant difference for SLJ (t=-7.934. p< 0.0001). Conclusion: Identification of PLYT program as more beneficial and effective than free mobility exercise training program and have positive effect on long jump performance.

Influence of Preactivity and Eccentric Muscle Activity on Concentric Performance during Vertical Jumping

The purpose of this investigation was to observe the influence of increasing amounts of preactivity and eccentric muscle activity imposed by three different jump types on concentric vertical jumping performance. Sixteen athletes involved in jumping-related sports at Appalachian State University, which is a Division IA school, performed a static jump (SJ), counter-movement jump (CMJ), and drop jump (DJ). Force, power, velocity, and jump height were measured during each jump type. In addition, muscle activity was measured from two agonist muscles (vastus lateralis, vastus medialis) and one antagonist muscle (biceps femoris). Preactivity and eccentric phase muscle activity of the agonist muscles (average integrated electromyography) was significantly (p < or = 0.05) higher during the DJ (preactivity, 0.2 +/- 0.11 mV; eccentric phase, 1.00 +/- 0.36 mV) in comparison with the CMJ (preactivity, 0.11 +/- 0.10 mV; eccentric phase, 0.45 +/- 0.17 mV). Peak concentric force was highest during the DJ and was significantly different among all three jump types (SJ, CMJ, DJ). Maximal jump height was significantly higher during the DJ (0.41 +/- 0.05 m) and CMJ (0.40 +/- 0.06 m) compared with the SJ (0.37 +/- 0.07 m). However, no significant difference in jump height existed between the CMJ and DJ. A positive energy balance, as assessed by force-displacement curves during the eccentric and concentric phases, was observed during the CMJ, and a negative energy balance was observed during the DJ. The data from this investigation indicate that a significant increase in concentric vertical jump performance is associated with increased levels of preactivity and eccentric phase muscle activity (SJ to CMJ). However, higher eccentric loading (CMJ to DJ) leads to a negative energy balance during the eccentric phase, which may relate to a non-significant increase in vertical jump height, even with coincidental increases in peak concentric force. Practitioners may want to focus on improving eccentric phase muscle activity through the use of plyometrics to improve overall jumping performance in athletes.