Journalists Think Research Articles

Albert Camus’ journalistic thinking on the Algerian issue

Resumo Este estudo se dedica a esmiuçar o pensamento jornalístico de Albert Camus sobre a questão argelina. Leva-se em consideração que, durante a Guerra da Argélia, Camus foi imputado como uma figura que defendia a política colonial (ou acusado de não ter capacidade de assumir uma posição), enquanto, conforme descoberto no exame, durante a década de 1940, em certa medida, jornalistas franceses o taxaram de ser conivente diante dos atentados de grupos nacionalistas. Lastreado em uma metodologia baseada, em especial, nos escritos de Pocock (2013), foi observado que a preocupação primordial de Camus foi a garantia de um estado democrático. O argelino alertava sobre a ascensão nacionalista enquanto demandava uma reparação histórica por parte da França e sublinhava a responsabilidade dos franceses no que se refere ao status quo da época na região do Norte do continente africano.

„Macchiato” do ostatniej kropki

Todayʼs societies, democracies, media and journalism are undergoing a transformation hitherto unheard of in history. The key element of these changes is information and access to it, as well as processing possibilities and skills. Without understanding the process, without the ability to select information, and without critical analysis, individuals and entire societies become vulnerable to stupidity, information wars, disinformation and interference with elections.
 Politicians, especially populists but not exclusively so, saw a great opportunity in the existence of a “cloudy information space”, in the confusion of citizens deprived of their independent thinking and poorly educated. That is why politicians fight with free media and independent journalists, because this is the first line of defence against disinformation and ignorance. Freedom of media is also a barrier to the authoritarian aspirations of politicians, because of its unique attribute — the only freedom showing the state of other freedom and rights.
 The book by professor Jacek Dąbała, Media phenomena and paradoxes, published in 2020, diagnoses these problems and challenges and shows the key to media and information thinking. It is written in a minimalistic form of 200 texts, each of about 2000 characters. The short form is balanced by the multitude of topics covered, including science, politics, history, medicine, media, technologies, customs, law, religion, faith, emotions, intellect and stupidity. Dąbała scans issues in Russia, China, the United States, Germany, Poland and many others. The topics and analyses are universal and you can even risk a thesis that many of them will be timeless. It is therefore a global and universal reading which, when translated into other languages, should be recommended as essential content for journalists, politicians, students, and even more broadly — for all of us, that is, media recipients.
 The book is a subjective view of all the 200 topics through the prism of pro-democracy views and freedom — freedom understood in the broadest sense, freedom of science and speech.
 Dąbała certainly poses important questions, questioning our way of seeing the world and its presentation in the media. However, he often leaves the questions unanswered, apparently because the answer is in the method — analysis, critical thinking and seeking quality.
 The book Media phenomena and paradoxes is excellent material for conducting workshops for journalism students. Analysing problems in the book can also improve journalistic thinking. For journalists who have not lost their instincts, humility and willingness to keep going, such an exercise can be very valuable.
 This is important knowledge for anyone who wants to better understand the world, and for media people it is a must-read.

A Decolonial Approach to the Discipline of Journalism Theory in Brazil

Although Brazil has its tradition of journalistic thinking, this essay shows that the discipline of journalism theory has, in this country, an intellectual nucleus based in the United States and Europe. It is true that both academic cultures provide foundations, but they do not claim to provide explanations about the society in which Brazilian journalism developed. This argument is corroborated by the analysis of the bibliographic references used by Brazilian courses. Considering that the impetus for the de-Westernization must come from scholars in emerging countries, this essay argues that the curriculum could be a key element to incite this transformation.

Data Journalism as a Service: Digital Native Data Journalism Expertise and Product Development

The combined set of skills needed for producing data journalism (e.g., investigative journalism methods, programming, knowledge in statistics, data management, statistical reporting, and design) challenges the understanding of what competences a journalist needs and the boundaries for the tasks journalists perform. Scholars denote external actors with these types of knowledge as interlopers or actors at the periphery of journalism. In this study, we follow two Swedish digital native data journalism start-ups operating in the Nordics from when they were founded in 2012 to 2019. Although the start-ups have been successful in news journalism over the years and acted as drivers for change in Nordic news innovation, they also have a presence in sectors other than journalism. This qualitative case study, which is based on interviews over time with the start-up founders and a qualitative analysis of blog posts written by the employees at the two start-ups, tells a story of journalists working at the periphery of legacy media, at least temporarily forced to leave journalism behind yet successfully using journalistic thinking outside of journalistic contexts.

Just Who Do Canadian Journalists Think They Are? Political Role Conceptions in Global and Historical Perspective

AbstractIn view of the robust link often inferred between autonomous journalism and the strength of a society's democratic institutions, and against the background of current challenges to journalists’ traditional roles as purveyors of timely and independent information, we interviewed 352 Canadian journalists about their social and political roles and the influences on their news choices. Comparison of their responses against an international data set (N= 27,567) suggests that Canadian journalists place greater value on detached monitorial roles and claim relatively greater autonomy from commercial and other influences on their work. Further, in comparing these findings to an influential panel study from 1996 to 2003, we conclude that the Canadian journalists’ “credo,” focused on neutral reporting and oriented more to perceived public interest than to business or audience interests, remains surprisingly intact despite contemporary pressures on news forms and business models. This professed neutrality is mitigated by a desire to promote diversity and tolerance.

How Journalists Think about Media Effects—And Why We Should Care

ABSTRACTResearch suggests that journalists’ beliefs about media effects are influenced by unsystematically gathered knowledge and subjective-intuitive judgments. However, it has also been shown that these presumptions must be considered important factors for the formation of journalistic coverage. Against this background, this article synthesizes existing research on dimensions, determinants, and consequences of journalists’ presumptions of media effects. The resulting framework offers researchers in the field of journalistic content production a comprehensive overview of the possible role that presumptions of media effects could play for journalistic content creation. In a second step, we summarize the implications that the current state of research points at. We discuss why journalism scholars should integrate presumed media effects into their research agendas and what communication researchers, as well as journalists themselves, could do to promote more realistic beliefs about media effects among journalists.

HOW JOURNALISTS THINK ABOUT FACTS

Journalists' ability to capture and deliver factual information is central to their sense of professionalism and to their societal and democratic functions. The need to understand journalists' dealings with facts becomes especially pronounced in an age when news organizations face an economic crisis and journalism's exclusive jurisdiction over the supply of news information is challenged by new and old forces. This study—part of the “Worlds of Journalism” research project—attempts to analyze fact-related beliefs among 1800 journalists from 18 different countries, and test their associations with a wealth of individual, cultural and organizational variables. The study draws on a rich reservoir of data from diverse regimes, institutional and national backgrounds, types of news organizations, ownership and media, as well as different genders, years of journalism experience, education and seniority. Our research appears to be well placed to evaluate journalists' degree of awareness to the challenges of reality depiction, and to outline through quantitative methods the social conditions which promote epistemological naivety in the form of objectivism, and sophistication as expressed in interpretationist epistemologies. Our findings indicate that conditions of ownership, nature of the political regime, personal beliefs and social environment, produce variance in journalists' takes on reality depiction.

Copyright, Free Speech, and the Public's Right to Know: How Journalists Think About Fair Use

This study explores the problems that journalists face in employing the doctrine of fair use under copyright in their work. Journalists are key actors in the public sphere, because they create and circulate information for public knowledge and deliberation on public affairs, and shape knowledge and therefore expectations about the wider culture. To the extent that journalists inhibit their own performance because of copyright concerns, they limit their ability to perform that public sphere function. The study results from longform, open-ended interviews with 80 journalists in a variety of subject areas and on a range of media platforms. It finds significant evidence of delays, decisions to limit coverage and failure to disseminate on the basis of insecurity and misinformation about fair use. Journalists made aware of this problem took action to shape a set of principles interpreting their fair use rights.

How Journalists Think While They Write: A Transcultural Model of News Decision Making

This study explored how U.S. and Chinese journalists (N = 120) made news decisions in a transcultural context. It proposed a model of news decision making, drawing on 3 intellectual traditions—media effects, study, cognitive psychology, and decision making. To test the model, it employed a 2×2×3 factorial repeated-measures design, where the factors were nationality (United States or China), beat (overseas or domestic), and repeated measure (story topic). Results confirmed the model's validity and showed that participants, regardless of nationality, used more effort in processing cognitive news elements and included them more in the stories than those at cultural or rational level. Surprisingly, the attention they gave to cognitive information was so counterintuitive that it might point to the possibility of an ever-increasing globalization in journalistic standards.

Journalistic thinking

Journalism is a universal phenomenon, but it is anchored in national territories. Starting from this supposition, the author examines the trajectory of journalistic thinking in Brazil and discusses its relationship with hegemonic ideas in specific contexts. He also claims originality and creativity for Brazil's hybrid tradition and examines the work of journalist/thinkers who assimilated the feelings and aspirations of their country and their generation, thus establishing a fruitful dialogue between national and foreign traditions.

How Do Journalists Think?: A Proposal for the Study of Cognitive Bias in Newsmaking

How Do Journalists Think?: A Proposal for the Study of Cognitive Bias in Newsmaking

How do journalists think?: a proposal for the study of cognitive bias in newsmaking

This monograph examines how bias affects the perception of journalists and discusses factors which might exacerbate or mitigate such bias. The book recommends the study of journalistic decision-making from perspectives developed in the field of social psychology. The book includes the following chapters: (1) Media Bias, Bias?; (2) Cognitive Processes in Journalism: An Overview; (3) Categorization; (4) Theory Generation; (5) Theory Testtng; (6) Selection of Information; (7) Integration of Informati ..; (8) Interactions and Perseverance of Biases and Errors; (9) Implications for the Study of Newswork; and (10) Summary and Conclusions. Forty-one end notes and 16 pages of references are attached. (MS) *********************************************************************** Reproductions supplied by EDRS are the best that can be made from the original document. ********************************************************t************** How Do Journalists Think? AProposal for the Study of Bias in Newsmaking S. Holly Stocking Indiana University Paget H. Gross Columbia University

Review of How Do Journalists Think? A Proposal for the Study of Cognitive Bias in Newsmaking.

Review of How Do Journalists Think? A Proposal for the Study of Cognitive Bias in Newsmaking.

Hemisphericity and Journalism—How Do Journalists Think?

Hemisphericity and Journalism—How Do Journalists Think?