Joint Watermarking Research Articles

Joint watermarking encryption compression algorithm for securing an e-healthcare application

Joint watermarking encryption compression algorithm for securing an e-healthcare application

Visually Encrypted Watermarking for Ordered-Dithered Clustered-Dot Halftones

Visual encryption and show through watermarking are widely used techniques to hide secret data in halftone images. The secret watermark can be quickly revealed when the halftone images are printed in transparency and overlaid on each other. The present studies emphasize developing a show-through watermarking technique for the clustered-dot halftone types. The proposed method exploits the properties of various configurations of dither array screens constructed using distinct Gaussian filters to embed watermarks. Two approaches are proposed, i.e., adjacent dither array pairs and the dither array translations. The optimal configuration of dither array parameters is developed to obtain maximum contrast and imperceptibility. Moreover, a new edge screen dithering is proposed to eliminate the edge artifacts, resulting in smooth screen transitions. As efficient ordered dithering is adopted for the watermark embedding, the joint watermarking and halftoning can be performed without additional computations. In comparison to the existing state-of-the-art show-through watermarking techniques, the proposed method can present superior image quality, computational simplicity, and decoded watermarks can be perceived with clear contrast when the images are overlaid with each other.

Joint Watermarking-Based Replay Attack Detection for Industrial Process Operation Optimization Cyber-Physical Systems

This paper addresses the replay attack detection issue for a class of industrial process operation optimization (IPOO) cyber-physical systems (CPSs). In contrast to conventional CPSs with a single loop structure, the IPOO CPSs employ a dual-layer network environment consisting of a wireless network for the setpoint optimization loop and a CAN bus for the device control loop. Consequently, the issue of attack detection is more complicated for the IPOO CPSs, and this motivates our current research. First, a unified model of the IPOO CPS is built, with PI controller controlling the physical plants and LQG controller managing setpoint optimization. Then, a novel joint watermarking detection mechanism is established with the PI controller watermarking, LQG controller watermarking, and a watermarking compensator. The proposed watermarking compensator with an augmented Kalman filter is utilized to efficiently eliminate false alarms brought on by information interactions of the coupled cyber-layers, enabling the accurate detection and location of replay attacks. Furthermore, a linear relationship is established between watermarking parameters and system performance loss. Finally, simulations with a quadruple water tank system are conducted to verify the effectiveness of the proposed algorithm.

Joint Watermarking for Image Reliability Control in Encrypted and Compressed Domains

Sharing medical images can enormously help doctor in their day by day practice by permitting them to arrive at a symptomatic all the more rapidly. However, such images are sensitive and should be ensured. In this paper, propose the principal joint watermarking-encryption pressure conspire for the insurance of medical images. Its inventiveness is twofold. In a first time, it permits the admittance to watermarking-based security administrations from the scrambled and the compacted bitstreams without parsing them even part of the way. It gets conceivable to follow images and control their dependability from both the encoded and compacted spaces. In a second, it remains on the blend of spot replacement watermarking, JPEG-LS and the AES block figure in its CBC mode to make our plan. Tests directed on various medical images modalities (radiographic and retina pictures) show the ability of our framework to safely make accessible a message in both scrambled and compacted areas while limiting the contortion of the images.

Biometric data security using joint encryption and watermarking

Confidentiality and content ownership are considered to be an important aspect of security applications and therefore a joint watermarking and encryption scheme is developed. This work addresses the issue of authenticity and integrity of watermark or ownership identification by embedding biometric iris template as a watermark in a fingerprint host image. The proposed approach is a two-step approach which includes encryption and watermarking. During the encryption, iris features are encrypted using combination of FRWT with Arnold cat map while watermark embedding is done by using dual DWT-SVD scheme to improve robustness and protection of biometric security systems. Experimental results demonstrate that the proposed joint encryption and watermarking introduces efficiency, security and robustness against image processing attacks.

Biometric data security using joint encryption and watermarking

Confidentiality and content ownership are considered to be an important aspect of security applications and therefore a joint watermarking and encryption scheme is developed. This work addresses the issue of authenticity and integrity of watermark or ownership identification by embedding biometric iris template as a watermark in a fingerprint host image. The proposed approach is a two-step approach which includes encryption and watermarking. During the encryption, iris features are encrypted using combination of FRWT with Arnold cat map while watermark embedding is done by using dual DWT-SVD scheme to improve robustness and protection of biometric security systems. Experimental results demonstrate that the proposed joint encryption and watermarking introduces efficiency, security and robustness against image processing attacks.

Reversible Joint Watermarking for Medical Images and Videos

Reversible Joint Watermarking for Medical Images and Videos

Computationally efficient joint imperceptible image watermarking and JPEG compression: a green computing approach

This paper presents a computationally efficient joint imperceptible image watermarking and joint photographic experts group (JPEG) compression scheme. In recent times, the transmission and storage of digital documents/information over the unsecured channel are enormous concerns and nearly all of the digital documents are compressed before they are stored or transmitted to save the bandwidth requirements. There are many similar computational operations performed during watermarking and compression which lead to computational redundancy and time delay. This demands development of joint watermarking and compression scheme for various multimedia contents. In this paper, we propose a technique for image watermarking during JPEG compression to address the optimal trade-off between major performance parameters including embedding and compression rates, robustness and embedding alterations against different known signal processing attacks. The performance of the proposed technique is extensively evaluated in the form of peak signal to noise ratio (PSNR), correlation, compression ratio and execution time for different discrete cosine transform (DCT) blocks and watermark sizes. Embedding is done on DCT coefficients using additive watermarking.

Joint Watermarking and Lossless JPEG-LS Compression for Medical Image Security

In this paper, we present a new joint watermarking-compression scheme the originality of which stands on the combination of the lossless compression standard JPEG-LS with the bit substitution watermarking modulation. This scheme allows the access to watermarking-based security services without decompressing the image. It becomes possible to trace images or to verify their authenticity directly from their compressed bitstream. Performance of our scheme, expressed in terms of embedding capacity and distortion, are evaluated on ultrasound images. They show that the watermarked images do not perceptually differ from their original counterparts while offering a capacity large enough to support various security services. We further illustrate how our scheme can be used for verifying the image integrity and authenticity.

A teleassistance protocol based on joint watermarking–encryption evidence for identification of liabilities in case of litigation

Objectives: Teleassistance is defined as the help provided through a telemedicine network by a practitioner to another one faced with a difficult situation. Beyond securing communication, another main issue is to provide evidence that some data have been exchanged in order to determine the liabilities of each practitioner involved in a telemedicine session in case of litigation.Material and methods: The purpose of this work is the definition of a teleassistance protocol that allows achieving these goals. To do so, we first identify needs in terms of security and evidence considering the example of the French legislation and then propose a secure teleassistance protocol that takes advantage of the Joint Watermarking–Encryption (JWE) approach. The originality of this approach is that it offers watermarking functionalities in both encrypted and decrypted domains and is compliant with the DICOM standard.Results: We describe the functioning of the proposed teleassistance protocol. This protocol is able to secure exchanged data and bring evidence that an exchange took place and that data have been communicated. The security analysis of our protocol shows that it is resistant to non-repudiation issues and collusion attacks.Conclusion: The use of joint watermarking–encryption allows i) ensuring confidentiality of exchanged data while giving access to proofs of their integrity and of their origins even though data are encrypted; and ii) identifying which data were involved in a telemedicine session by means of secure links established between them. The proposed protocol is compliant with the DICOM standard.

A secure algorithm for biometric-based digital image watermarking in DCT domain

This paper addresses the problem of ownership of digital watermark by inserting a biometric-based watermark in the digital host signal. The biometric-based digital watermark is made secure using an encryption technique using Arnold catmap before embedding. Biometric-based watermark is a potential solution of watermark ownership which can be physically or logically owned to prove ownership. This joint encryption and watermarking scheme has the potential of addressing the ownership of digital signals and keep the biometric data secure. Arnold transformation is used to encrypt the biometric data and discrete cosine transformation is used for embedding the watermark in the image. The watermarking method is chosen so that the data payload demand is met keeping the requirements of perceptual transparency and robustness. Experimental results of perceptual transparency indicates that the method maintains a good quality of transparency with a SNR more than 25 dB for the images. The proposed watermarking method is robust to signal processing attacks and the watermarks were identified using minutia feature point matching under these attacks. The overall design requirements of transparency, robustness and data payload are achieved optimally in this paper.

Design and Implementation of a Joint Data Compression and Digital Watermarking System in an MPEG-2 Video Encoder

With the rapid distribution of digital video capture devices, significant videos can be captured effortlessly. The captured videos are often saved in moving pictures expert group-2 (MPEG-2) format. To prove copyright ownership, applying watermarking in MPEG-2 videos is necessary. However, little research has been devoted to the watermarking design not only for the spatial domain but also for the frequency domain and the realization of watermarking hardware. Thus, a joint data compression and watermarking system with configurable spatial and frequency domain embedding, and its very large scale integrated circuit (VLSI) architecture is presented in this paper. First, after analyzing the characteristics of videos, a novel watermarking system with two number-based keys and a shuffled image is built. It is based on the spread spectrum techniques and adaptive human visual system (AHVS). With a consideration of the cost and easiness of use, the proposed system is realized as blind detection which can dispense without the storage of the original-multimedia data. Second, the efficient VLSI architecture of our approach is designed. Various subjective and objective evaluations are performed for watermarking analysis. From the evaluation, it is realized that the system can achieve robust watermarking with high flexibility for joint data compression and low hardware complexity. Various attacks and comparisons also show the efficiency of the proposed watermarking scheme. Furthermore, the VLSI synthesis results demonstrate the high performance of the proposed architecture. Thus, the proposed system is adequate for a specific function intellectual property (IP) combined with a real-time video capture and a surveillance system.

Joint watermarking and encryption for still visual data

Joint watermarking and encryption is an upcoming security solution that combines leading but complementary techniques to achieve an enhanced security level. Real time applications using joint watermarking and encryption framework has three requirements: data to be efficiently compressed, watermarking technique to sustain compression, and encryption technique to be developed in a way so as not to disturb the compression efficiency. Finding an optimal solution that combines the three techniques while fulfilling these requirements is a challenging problem. This paper thus, proposes a wavelet domain based joint watermarking and encryption framework that employs singular value decomposition based watermark embedding and sign bit encryption prior to compression. The varying significance of different subbands has been considered to encrypt the data without adversely effecting the compression ratio. Experimental analysis using various evaluation parameters and attack scenarios has revealed the ability of the proposed framework to prove content-ownership, even from the encrypted data. Comparative analysis with the existing techniques reflect its ability to provide better security with less computational resources. This makes it a preferable solution for data security at all stages of data archival, transmission or distribution.

Modulated Lattice Vector Quantization: How to Make Quantization Index Modulation an Efficient Variable Rate Source Coder

The design of a variable rate joint watermarking and compression (JWC) scheme is examined in this paper. The proposed approach, called modulated lattice vector quantization (MLVQ), is based on dither modulation quantization index modulation (DM-QIM) which allows for embedding information while maintaining good coding performance. In the first part, we propose a specific indexing method to make MLVQ with a multidimensional codebook feasible. Furthermore, a quantization parameter estimation was designed to ensure the invertibility of the embedding. The limitations of the compression performance of JWC schemes are studied in the second part. We show the existence of a coding rate lower bound which depends mainly on the codebook characteristics and dramatically decreases coding performance. To circumvent this drawback, two improved MLVQ schemes are proposed. In the first one, called arbitrary MLVQ, the embedding is performed on part of the signal to ensure a low embedding/coding ratio. In the second one, called deadzone MLVQ, the coding efficiency is further improved by maintaining the sparsity of the quantized host signal. It consists in excluding the sparse signal components from the embedding process then thresholding them. These schemes both applying wavelet coding demonstrate their efficiency as variable rate coders.

Secure and robust steganography using side information at the encoder

Two important classes of data hiding methods are the ones established by watermarking and steganographic applications. Whereas in both cases information is concealed inside a host signal subject to an imperceptibility constraint, some of their fundamental requirements differ. Indeed, the design of watermarking schemes is usually guided by the maximum achievable rate with respect to a given attack power, while the most important constraint for steganographic methods is the undetectability of the hidden communication. In this work we examine the tradeoff between achievable rate and undetectability when watermarking and steganographic constraints are simultaneously imposed to a data hiding scheme. In order to illustrate this tradeoff we focus our attention on two relevant methods which are parallel in their structures, and are, respectively, suitable for the two problems at hand. The first one, distortion-compensated dither modulation, is nearly optimal with respect to the watermarking-like requirements. The second one, stochastic quantisation index modulation, automatically meets the undetectability condition under certain assumptions. Conclusions are drawn as to which scheme is preferable for joint watermarking and steganography constraints, given certain channel characteristics.

Joint watermarking and compression using scalar quantization for maximizing robustness in the presence of additive Gaussian attacks

In joint watermarking and compression (JWC), a key process is quantization which embeds watermarks into a host signal while digitizing the host signal subject to requirements on the embedding rate, compression rate, quantization distortion, and robustness. Using fixed-rate scalar quantization for watermarking and compression, in this paper, we mainly consider how to design binary JWC systems to maximize the robustness of the systems in the presence of additive Gaussian attacks under constraints on the compression rate and quantization distortion. We first investigate optimum decoding of a binary JWC system, and demonstrate by experiments that in the distortion-to-noise ratio (DNR) region of practical interest, the minimum distance (MD) decoder achieves performance comparable to that of the maximum likelihood decoder in addition to having advantages of low computation complexity and being independent of the statistics of the host signal. We then present optimum binary JWC encoding schemes using fixed-rate scalar quantization and the MD decoder. Simulation results show that optimum binary JWC systems using nonuniform quantization are better than optimum binary JWC systems using uniform quantization. Furthermore, in comparison with separate watermarking and compression systems, optimum binary JWC systems using nonuniform quantization achieve significant DNR gains in the DNR region of practical interest. Finally, spread transform dither modulation is applied to improving the robustness of the JWC systems at low DNRs.

Joint watermarking and compression using scalar quantization for maximizing robustness in the presence of additive Gaussian attacks

Joint watermarking and compression using scalar quantization for maximizing robustness in the presence of additive Gaussian attacks

Robustness proof on a united watermarking based on CRT theorem

A new method of embedding and detecting a joint watermarking is proposed. It applies the asmuth-bloom secret sharing scheme, which is based on CRT (Chinese remainder theorem) theorem, to the digital watermarking technology. On the base of describing the watermarking embedding proceeding and analyzing the watermarking detection proceeding, a series of experiments is done. The experiments emphasize on the method's robust proving and security analysis. And the experiments show that the method can resist the attacks of IPEG compress, geometry, noise and gray adjusting. The results of the experiments show that the method has a nice recognition of copyright for joint ownership.