Joint Signatures Research Articles

Signatures of necroptosis-related genes as diagnostic markers of endometriosis and their correlation with immune infiltration

BackgroundEndometriosis (EMS) occurs when normal uterine tissue grows outside the uterus and causes chronic pelvic pain and infertility. Endometriosis-associated infertility is thought to be caused by unknown mechanisms. In this study, using necroptosis-related genes, we developed and validated multigene joint signatures to diagnose EMS and explored their biological roles.MethodsWe downloaded two databases (GSE7305 and GSE1169) from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database and 630 necroptosis-related genes from the GeneCards and GSEA databases. The limma package in Rsoftware was used to identify differentially expressed genes (DEGs). We interleaved common differentially expressed genes (co-DEGs) and necroptosis-related genes (NRDEGs) in the endometriosis dataset. The DEGs functions were reflected by gene ontology analysis (GO), pathway enrichment analysis, and gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA). We used CIBERSORT to analyze the immune microenvironment differences between EMS patients and controls. Furthermore, a correlation was found between necroptosis-related differentially expressed genes and infiltrating immune cells to better understand the molecular immune mechanism.ResultsCompared with the control group, this study revealed that 10 NRDEGs were identified in EMS. There were two types of immune cell infiltration abundance (activated NK cells and M2 macrophages) in these two datasets, and the correlation between different groups of samples was statistically significant (P < 0.05). MYO6 consistently correlated with activated NK cells in the two datasets. HOOK1 consistently demonstrated a high correlation with M2 Macrophages in two datasets. The immunohistochemical result indicated that the protein levels of MYO6 and HOOK1 were increased in patients with endometriosis, further suggesting that MYO6 and HOOK1 can be used as potential biomarkers for endometriosis.ConclusionsWe identified ten necroptosis-related genes in EMS and assessed their relationship with the immune microenvironment. MYO6 and HOOK1 may serve as novel biomarkers and treatment targets in the future.

Joint signatures of two or more semi-coherent systems with shared components

In this paper, for two or more semi-coherent systems with shared components, three signature measures–joint signature, joint survival signature and joint cumulative signature–are presented and their relationship to joint reliability and joint unreliability are also discussed. This relationship provides a joint (survival/cumulative) signature computational method which transforms related computation to the computation of joint reliability/unreliability of the systems. Based on that, further discussions on computation of the joint reliability are presented for two different types of consecutive-k systems, namely, linear (n, f, k): F systems and linear <n, f, k>: F systems, by using finite Markov chain imbedding approach (FMCIA) in a new and novel way. Besides, for modular systems that can be regarded as a series/parallel connection of two groups of subsystems with shared components, their joint (survival/cumulative) signature is derived based on the joint survival/cumulative signatures of the subsystems, and this provides another computational method for joint signatures. Related results are applied to calculate joint signatures of a series/parallel connection of (n, f, k): F subsystems and <n, f, k>: F subsystems by applying the two computational methods together. Finally, some potential applications and generalizations are mentioned.

Signatures of algebraic curves via numerical algebraic geometry

We apply numerical algebraic geometry to the invariant-theoretic problem of detecting symmetries between two plane algebraic curves. We describe an efficient equality test which determines, with “probability-one”, whether or not two rational maps have the same image up to Zariski closure. The application to invariant theory is based on the construction of suitable signature maps associated to a group acting linearly on the respective curves. We consider two versions of this construction: differential and joint signature maps. In our examples and computational experiments, we focus on the complex Euclidean group, and introduce an algebraic joint signature that we prove determines equivalence of curves under this action and the size of a curve's symmetry group. We demonstrate that the test is efficient and use it to empirically compare the sensitivity of differential and joint signatures to different types of noise.

Equivalency in joint signatures for binary/multi-state systems of different sizes

The joint signatures of binary-state and multi-state (semi-coherent or mixed) systems with i.i.d. (independent and identically distributed) binary-state components are considered in this work. For the comparison of pairs of binary-state systems of different sizes, transformation formulas of their joint signatures are derived by using the concept of equivalent systems and a generalized triangle rule for order statistics. Similarly, for facilitating the comparison of pairs of multi-state systems of different sizes, transformation formulas of their multi-state joint signatures are also derived. Some examples are finally presented to illustrate and to verify the theoretical results established here.

Xylo-Oligosaccharides in Prevention of Hepatic Steatosis and Adipose Tissue Inflammation: Associating Taxonomic and Metabolomic Patterns in Fecal Microbiomes with Biclustering.

We have shown that prebiotic xylo-oligosaccharides (XOS) increased beneficial gut microbiota (GM) and prevented high fat diet-induced hepatic steatosis, but the mechanisms associated with these effects are not clear. We studied whether XOS affects adipose tissue inflammation and insulin signaling, and whether the GM and fecal metabolome explain associated patterns. XOS was supplemented or not with high (HFD) or low (LFD) fat diet for 12 weeks in male Wistar rats (n = 10/group). Previously analyzed GM and fecal metabolites were biclustered to reduce data dimensionality and identify interpretable groups of co-occurring genera and metabolites. Based on our findings, biclustering provides a useful algorithmic method for capturing such joint signatures. On the HFD, XOS-supplemented rats showed lower number of adipose tissue crown-like structures, increased phosphorylation of AKT in liver and adipose tissue as well as lower expression of hepatic miRNAs. XOS-supplemented rats had more fecal glycine and less hypoxanthine, isovalerate, branched chain amino acids and aromatic amino acids. Several bacterial genera were associated with the metabolic signatures. In conclusion, the beneficial effects of XOS on hepatic steatosis involved decreased adipose tissue inflammation and likely improved insulin signaling, which were further associated with fecal metabolites and GM.

Analyzing the conditional behavior of rainfall deficiency and groundwater level deficiency signatures by using copula functions

Abstract The complex hydrological events such as storm, flood and drought are often characterized by a number of correlated random variables. Copulas can model the dependence structure independently of the marginal distribution functions and provide multivariate distributions with different margins and the dependence structure. In this study, the conditional behavior of two signatures was investigated by analyzing the joint signatures of groundwater level deficiency and rainfall deficiency in Naqadeh sub-basin in Lake Urmia Basin using copula functions. The study results of joint changes in the two signatures showed that a 90–135 mm reduction in rainfall in the area increased groundwater level between 1.2 and 1.7 m. The study results of the conditional density of bivariate copulas in the estimation of groundwater level deficiency values by reducing rainfall showed that changes in values of rainfall deficiency signature in the sub-basin led to the generation of probability curves of groundwater level deficiency signature. Regarding the maximum groundwater level deficiency produced, the relationship between changes in rainfall deficiency and groundwater level deficiency was calculated in order to estimate the groundwater level deficiency signature values. The conditional density function presented will be an alternative method to the conditional return period.

Study on the application of digital fiat currency in peer-to-peer investment and lending

Currently, peer-to-peer lending platforms are faced with the risk of funds misappropriation and lack effective means to ensure funds security and transaction consistency. The traditional method focuses on the assessment and control of the platform to indirectly guarantee the security of transactions and execution of contracts. This paper proposes a new solution based on digital fiat currency (DFC), which creates a trusted operating environment via a DFC wallet application service system and uses joint signatures to monitor the flow of funds to ensure security. Moreover, the proposed solution implements smart contracts in DFC wallets to achieve transaction consistency in order to ensure that the transaction process is open, transparent, safe, and controllable. In this way, troubled Internet finance platforms can transform themselves into DFC value-added service providers, playing a more transparent and regulated role in promoting inclusive finance in the digital currency ecosystem.

Qualification of Wrist Functional Performance During Dart Thrower's Movement.

Recently, numerous comprehensive studies have been concentrating on the intricate kinematics of the wrist joint functionality captured with dart thrower's movement. It is envisaged that the wrist capability in performing daily activities can be more accurately characterized or encapsulated in the dart thrower's movement. This study examines the characteristic function of wrist movements during dart-throwing motion using only gyroscopic data measured from inertial sensors. A multi-dimensional form of dart throwing trajectory is described using quaternion representation associated with distance metric to quantitatively validate the functional wrist performance between two cohorts; healthy controls and patients. Eight normal subjects and eight patients engaged in a series of clinical trials conducted after undergoing post-surgical reconstructive procedures of the wrist joint. The discriminative results in terms of silhouette clustering evaluation show that the use of distance metric values based quaternion trajectory is well-matched consistently with subjective expert assessments. Our proposed approach captures the relative motions underpinning the wrist joint instead of relying on the traditional measure based on the range of motion measure. Therefore, this paper proposes a reliable approach to dynamically capture the wrist functionality during dart thrower's movement; a movement envisaged to describe the ability to engage in daily life activities. These quantitative outcomes in terms of measurement consistency will provide insightful information in understanding the significant changes in wrist joint signatures associated with various scenarios.

Orientation-invariant numerically invariant joint signatures in curve analysis

ABSTRACTThis paper investigates Group-recognition Theorem, Equivalence Problem, and Signature Theorem for Numerically Invariant Joint Signatures. Shape invariants must be independent of the viewpoint in which the object of interest is observed. We first show that the current formulation depends on the curve-orientation and thus is viewpoint-dependent. Next, we present the orientation-invariant version of NIJSs which guarantees the correctness of these theorems. In addition, we introduce a corrected version of the affine NIJS which is also a closer approximation compared with the current formulation.

The joint signature of coherent systems

AbstractWe investigate the joint signature of coherent systems, under the assumption that the components have independent and identically distributed lifetimes. The joint signature, for a particular ordering of failure times, is an ‐dimensional matrix depending solely on the composition of the systems and independent of the underlying distribution function of the component lifetimes. The elements of the ‐dimensional matrix are formulated based on the joint signatures of numerous series of parallel systems. The number of the joint signatures involved is an exponential function of the number of the minimal cut sets of each original system and may, therefore, be significantly large. We prove that although this number is typically large, a great number of the joint signatures are repeated, or removed by negative signs. We determine the maximum number of different joint signatures based on the number of systems and components. It is independent of the number of the minimal cut sets of each system and is polynomial in the number of components. Moreover, we consider all permutations of failure times and demonstrate that the results for one permutation can be of use for the others. Our theorems are applied to various examples. The main conclusion is that the joint signature can be computed much faster than expected.

The joint signature of parallel systems for different permutations of failure times

The joint signature of m coherent systems is an extension of the joint signature of two systems introduced in 2010. It is interesting because the joint signature depends only on the mechanism of the systems’ composition rather than the underlying distribution function of the component lifetimes. It also depends on the permutation of the failure times. As there are m! permutations we need to compute m! joint signatures, many of which are the same. Even if the joint signatures for two different orderings of the system lifetimes are different, it is sometimes possible to obtain one of them via the other one by a transformation. In this article, we consider several parallel systems with independent and identically distributed component lifetimes and investigate how to classify the m! permutations of the failure times according to the same joint signature. Further, we partition the result into sets based on transformed joint signatures. Moreover, we establish a relationship between the different sets in the last partition so that the related joint signatures can be converted into each other by small modifications. By this procedure, we are able to compute the m! joint signatures together efficiently. Using several examples, we illustrate that our classifications save us a large number of calculations. We introduce an algorithm to determine the partitions and present a computer program for the algorithm. The case of series-parallel systems is quite complicated and is discussed briefly.

Performance Analysis of Signcrypt and Cryptsign on Joint Signatures

Performance Analysis of Signcrypt and Cryptsign on Joint Signatures

The Joint Signature of Coherent Systems with Shared Components

System signatures are useful tools in the study and comparison of coherent systems. In this paper, we define and study a similar concept, called the joint signature, for two coherent systems which share some components. Under an independent and identically distributed assumption on component lifetimes, a pseudo-mixture representation based on this joint signature is obtained for the joint distribution of the lifetimes of both systems. Sufficient conditions are given based on the respective joint signatures of two pairs of systems, each with shared components, to ensure various forms of bivariate stochastic orderings between the joint lifetimes of the two pairs of systems.

The Joint Signature of Coherent Systems with Shared Components

System signatures are useful tools in the study and comparison of coherent systems. In this paper, we define and study a similar concept, called the joint signature, for two coherent systems which share some components. Under an independent and identically distributed assumption on component lifetimes, a pseudo-mixture representation based on this joint signature is obtained for the joint distribution of the lifetimes of both systems. Sufficient conditions are given based on the respective joint signatures of two pairs of systems, each with shared components, to ensure various forms of bivariate stochastic orderings between the joint lifetimes of the two pairs of systems.

An Extended Payment Model for M-Commerce with Fair Non-Repudiation Protocols

Non-repudiation in e-commerce has recently gained a lot of interest but its successor brother, non-repudiation in m- commerce, is still at the start. In this paper, we propose an extension of existing mobile payment models to introduce an extended mobile payment service (EMPS) model, which is based on assumptions about the cooperation between mobile network operators and financial institutions to deal with different payment amounts ranging from micro to macro payment. The novel model focuses on enhancement of non-repudiation problem. Fair non-repudiation protocols are developed for not only payment phase but also other phases in a typical m- commerce transaction, including price negotiation and content delivery. Joint signatures method is used in protocols to overcome the limitations in mobile handheld device capability and to reduce the trust dependence totally on the payment service. As with the proposed non-repudiation protocols, EMPS plays the role of a semi-trusted third party and is an indispensable factor for creating the fairness property. Non- repudiation analyses of these protocols are also conducted besides some guidelines for ensuring non-repudiation in m- commerce.

Joint Invariant Signatures

A new, algorithmic theory of moving frames is applied to classify joint invariants and joint differential invariants of transformation groups. Equivalence and symmetry properties of submanifolds are completely determined by their joint signatures, which are parametrized by a suitable collection of joint invariants and/or joint differential invariants. A variety of fundamental geometric examples are developed in detail. Applications to object recognition problems in computer vision and the design of invariant numerical approximations are indicated.