Jodhpur Region Research Articles

Growth, Decomposition, and Instability Analysis of Pearl Millet in Jodhpur Region and Rajasthan, India

Aims: The main purpose of this study was to examine the growth, instability and source of output growth in area, production and productivity of pearl millet in Jodhpur & Barmer districts, Jodhpur Region and entire Rajasthan. Study Design: The present study was completely based on secondary time series data. Place & Duration of Study: This study area was covered to Jodhpur & Barmer districts, Jodhpur Region and entire Rajasthan. The entire study period was divided into three sub-periods viz., period-I (2006-07 to 2013-14), Period-II (2014-15 to 2021-22) and Overall period (2006-07 to 2021-22). Methodology: The time series data were analyzed using statistical tools exponential growth model, Cuddy-Della Valle instability index and Minhas & Vaidyanthan decomposition model to accomplish the study’s objectives. Results: The results of the study indicated that highest growth rate were observed in the productivity (36.20%) and production (30.83%) of pearl millet in Barmer district during period-I. The maximum variability was observed in production (77.88%) and productivity (77.30%) of pearl millet in Barmer district during period-II. The yield effect (300.43%) was reported as major contributor to boost-up the production of pearl millet in selected study area. The state government should establish Agri-Export Zones for millet crops in the state. Conclusion: The highest growth rate was recorded in pearl millet’s productivity in Barmer district. The highest instability was reported in production of pearl millet in Barmer district. Yield effect was major source of output growth in production of pearl millet in Barmer district.

Early Diagnosis and Development of Referral System for Silicosis among Sandstone Miners in Western India

Abstract Introduction: Silicosis is the most common and oldest occupational lung disease. The disease has been an ancient one and has been recognized in India for the past around 100 years. However, despite its ubiquitous presence among various mine and quarry workers, there is no uniformly available referral system in India in general for workers having occupational dust exposure and respiratory symptoms. The current study involved the clinical assessment of those working in mines and quarries in Jodhpur, Rajasthan, Western India and explore the possibility of development of a referral system for symptomatic mine workers. Materials and Methods: Workers working in mines and quarries in Jodhpur district were clinically screened for symptoms related to silicosis after choosing the quarries randomly. Demographic information and detailed occupational history were recorded using a predesigned questionnaire. Duration of exposure and morbidity/mortality details related to silicosis in the family were noted in detail. Respiratory symptom score was evaluated using a numeric score. The study was a cross-sectional one, and a 12-point respiratory symptom score based on predesigned questionnaire was constructed using the literature survey of silicosis symptoms. Results: A total of 435 mine/quarries workers (M: F = 432:3) working in sandstone belt of Jodhpur, Rajasthan, Western India were assessed clinically, and details of their symptoms were noted. Demographic information was as followed mean age = 36.44 ± 11.23 years and mean duration of dust exposure = 13.4 ± 9.6 years. A total of 96/435 workers were symptomatic (22%), and salient hypoxia was present in 113/435 (26%). Both groups of these workers were referred to nearby community health centers for further evaluation. Awareness levels among the workers were poor, as only 119/435 (27%) workers had some ideas about the silicosis prevention while working in mines and quarries. Regular wearing of masks while being on the field was observed in only 8% (35/435). Mine Worker Screening Camp approach was used for symptomatic workers and evaluation by a three-member clinical board was done in community health center in the vicinity of mining areas. Those suspected of having silicosis were referred to pneumoconiosis board for further evaluation. Conclusions: High frequency of symptomatic mine workers (22%) exposed chronically to occupational dust was found in sandstone mines and quarries of Jodhpur region. Awareness levels about silicosis prevention were poor. A referral system for those needing further evaluation has been demonstrated.

Knowledge of farmers regarding isabgol (Plantago ovata) production in Jodhpur region of Rajasthan

Knowledge of farmers regarding isabgol (Plantago ovata) production in Jodhpur region of Rajasthan

Solar passive system design for sustainable building at Jodhpur City

Buildings in India need both heating and cooling due to the country's diverse climate, which necessitates heating in high elevations and hilly areas and cooling in lower elevations and desert parts. Jodhpur region in Rajasthan has influence of strong desert winds and hot -dry climate throughout the year therefore it is essential to provide a sustainable method for thermal comfort energy conservation and temperature equilibrium are two important parameter in such cases, here we attempt to provide a design where favorable orientation, air gap in roof for insulation, reflective external finishes and proper use of sun light with constructive positing of window in direction of cool winds and complimentary as regards to solar radiation could be made available. The buildings in Jodhpur are rather pleasant inside due to the big roofs and walls that would provide thermal dampening. The fact that the inside temperatures are identical towards the outside air temperature demonstrates the efficacy of the natural cooling technologies employed in Jodhpur. Jodhpur's interior temperatures are on the approach of becoming bearable. Because the average outside temperature exceeds in some areas with higher relative humidity, even with good building design, ideal inside circumstances may not be possible. It's important in these situations to maintain the average interior temperature less than the outside temperature. To deflect the scorching winds, specially constructed mud walls are still common in the hamlets of western Rajasthan. In hot and dry climates, these were among the most common passive cooling strategies. Solar passive architecture ensures that fenestration, such as doors and windows, are appropriately positioned and built to benefit from the sun and wind. The objective of heating is to let as much of the sun's energy in as possible while minimizing nighttime heat loss. Windows, therm-walls, solariums, and other similar ways provide direct gain.

“A Study of Morphology and Pattern of Talar Articular Facets in Human Calcanei of Jodhpur Region of Western Rajasthan”

“A Study of Morphology and Pattern of Talar Articular Facets in Human Calcanei of Jodhpur Region of Western Rajasthan”

DISCRIMINATION AND CHARACTERIZATION OF PROMINENT DESERTIC VEGETATIONS USING HYPERSPECTRAL IMAGING DATA

Abstract. Imaging Hyperspectral data are advent as potential solutions in modeling, discrimination and mapping of vegetation species. Hyperspectral remote sensing provides valuable information about vegetation type, leaf area index, chlorophyll, and leaf nutrient concentration. Estimation of these vegetation parameters has been made possible by calculating various vegetation indices (VIs), usually by ratioing, differencing, ratioing differences and combinations of suitable spectral band. This paper presents a ground-based hyperspectral imaging system for characterizing vegetation spectral features. In this study, a ground-based hyperspectral imaging data (AISA VNIR 400–960 nm, Spectral Resolution @ 2.5 nm) was used for spectral vegetation discrimination and characterization of natural desertic tree species. This study assessed the utility of hyperspectral imagery of 240 narrow bands in discrimination and classification of desert tree species in Jodhpur region using ENVI software. Vegetation indices derived from hyperspectral images used in the Analysis for tree species classification discrimination study. Prominent occurring two desertic tree species, viz., Neem and Babul in Jodhpur region could be effectively discriminated. Study demonstrated the potential utility of narrow spectral bands of Hyperspectral Imaging data in discriminating vegetation species in a desertic terrain.

Sub‐mantle δ18O Zircons in Malani rhyolites: Clues for a Rodinia Linkage between South China and NW India

AbstractThe Malani Igneous Suite (MIS) in NW India represents one of the largest and well‐preserved Precambrian felsic igneous provinces, with minor mafic volcanics and dykes. The SIMS (Secondary Ion Mass Spectrometric) zircon U‐Pb geochronology yielded 776.8 ± 4.5 to 758.5 ± 6.9 Ma ages for rhyolites from Jodhpur region and Sindreth Basin while dacite sample from Punagarh Basin was dated to 760.5 ± 10 Ma. Zircons from rhyolitic and dacitic lavas have oxygen isotopic compositions that can be grouped into low δ18OV‐SMOW (4.12 to ‐1.11‰) and high (δ18O = 8.23‐5.12‰) categoroes, respectively. The low δ18O zircons have highly radiogenic Hf isotopic compositions (εHf(t)= +13.0 to +3.6) suggesting high temperature bulk cannibalization of upper level juvenile crust as the essential process for magma generation. Older than 800 Ma xenocrystic zircons in dacite have high δ18O values whereas 795 Ma ones have mantle‐like Hf‐O isotopic compositions, reflecting a significant shift in tectono‐thermal regime in NW India during 800‐780 Ma. A synchronous transition in the South China Block and Madagascar suggests a spatially and temporally linked geodynamic system. Geochemical data in combination with the new isotopic results point towards an overall convergent plate margin setting undergoing localized lithospheric extension. The NW India and South China blocks together with Madagascar and the Seychelles lay either along the periphery of Rodinia or off the supercontinent with the age of convergent plate margin magmatism coinciding with breakup of the supercontinent.

Polymorphisms in genes associated with drug resistance of Plasmodium vivax in India

Malaria is a sterning public health concern in India and contribute to a major part of malaria burden in Southeast Asia. Being more populated and diverse geographic conditions makes more suitable place for sustaining malaria parasite in India. Anti-malarial resistance is a major concern in the battle against malaria, and the identified molecular markers will aid us to monitor the drug resistance in endemic areas. The aim of the current study is to determine the genotype of drug resistance associated genes pvmdr-1 and pvcrt-o from four different regions of India. Especially from Puducherry and Jodhpur, there were no prior studies focused on screening of drug resistance genes in P. vivax parasite. A total of 240 positive P. vivax infected patient samples were collected from four tertiary care hospitals from four different regions of India, namely, Puducherry (PDY), Mangaluru (MAQ), Cuttack (CTC), Jodhpur (JDH). All samples were screened by microscopy, RDT, QBC, and further DNA was extracted and vivax mono-infection was confirmed by nested PCR. Randomly selected amplicons were further subjected to nucleotide sequencing. The prevalence of K10 insertion in pvcrt-o gene was detected with 18.8% in PDY, 12.5% in MAQ and 6.3% in CTC P. vivax isolates, whereas no change in nucleotide was identified in P. vivax isolates collected from JDH region. Based on the F1076L mutation in pvmdr-1 gene, resistant P. vivax isolates was highly predominant in both the regions, JDH and CTC, with 100%, followed by MAQ with 93.3% and PDY with 73.3%. This study showed less frequency of pvcrt-o and high frequency of pvmdr-1 gene variants associated with CQ resistance, which act as an indicator and the onset of P. vivax drug resistance trend in four different regions of India. Due to the poor phenotypic studies available for P. vivax parasite, the present study data for CQ resistance based on pvcrt-o and pvmdr-1 markers should assist by providing base-line data for future monitoring of drug resistance.

A prospective study to appearances of ossification centers in the carpal bones in boys of age group 5 years to 12 years in western Rajasthan Jodhpur region

A prospective study to appearances of ossification centers in the carpal bones in boys of age group 5 years to 12 years in western Rajasthan Jodhpur region

A Study of Morphology and Histopathology of Ligature Marks in Asphyxial Deaths by Compression of Neck in Jodhpur Region, Rajasthan

A Study of Morphology and Histopathology of Ligature Marks in Asphyxial Deaths by Compression of Neck in Jodhpur Region, Rajasthan

Variation in nutritional value of Grewia tenax fruits from different regions of Rajasthan, India

In the present investigation, an attempt has been made to identify the variation in nutritional value of Grewia tenax fruits from different regions of Rajasthan, India. Fruits were collected from Jodhpur (Kailana, Bilara) and Barmer (Siwana) region and analyzed nutritionally. Maximum ash and vitamin C content was obtained in samples from Siwana (4.73% and 56.47% respectively). Maximum fat content (2.66 %) was obtained in samples from Bilara. Maximum sugar and protein content was obtained in samples from Kailana (35.51% and 8.4% respectively).. They are rich in vitamin C (39 mg/100gm) content. The fruits are also rich sources of minerals such as Ca (0.32±0.03 g/100g), K (1.26±0.31g/100 g) and Na (1.49±0.32 g/100g) than the cultivated crop plants. Trace elements such as Fe, Zn, Cu, Mn and Mg were also analyzed. These results of nutritional composition were compared with those collected from Bilara and Siwana area of Jodhpur region. Many medicinal applications of G. tenax viz. as remedy for colds and chest complaints have also been reported. Thus, the importance of G. tenax in the rural economy is highly significant.

To assess the skeletal maturity at medial end of clavicle for known chronological age in subjects of Jodhpur region of Rajasthan

To assess the skeletal maturity at medial end of clavicle for known chronological age in subjects of Jodhpur region of Rajasthan

Morphology of Ligature Marks in Hanging and Ligature Strangulation in Jodhpur Region, Rajasthan

Introduction: The ligature mark is vital piece of evidence in asphyxial deaths. There has been extensive study about external appearance of asphyxial deaths due to hanging and ligature strangulation but in this study we try to point out the various morphological features of ligature mark during external and internal examination of the neck during post- mortem examination. In this study an attempt has been made to establish the most reliable morphological features for differentiating the pattern of ligature mark in cases of asphyxial deaths in Hanging and Strangulation..

Genetic diversity analysis of Leptadenia pyrotechnica in Jodhpur region of India

Genetic diversity of Leptadenia pyrotechnica were analysed by RAPD, ISSR and ISJ genetic markers from Jodhpur region of India in present investigation. Cumulative data of three SPAR markers revealed 37.6% polymorphism. Maximum 73% genetic variability was observed within population than 27% between populations. Genetic similarity and differences based on UPGMA dendrogram and PCo Analysis are closely related to their geographical distances in natural habitats of Leptadenia pyrotechnica. Geographically Agolai and Rohat populations are distantly located than Bilara and Soila populations in natural habitats and is also evidenced in UPGMA dendrogram and PCo Analysis. Jodhpur city may be a major physical barrier of cross pollination and genetic exchange between Agolai population from remaining four population of L. pyrotechnica in present investigation.

Retrospective Study of Pattern of Fatal Cases of Poisoning in Jodhpur Region

Retrospective Study of Pattern of Fatal Cases of Poisoning in Jodhpur Region

Clinical profile of hemophilia patients in Jodhpur Region.

Background:Hemophilia is widely distributed all over the world, but little is known about its clinical profile in resource-limited regions. An insight into its clinical spectrum will help in the formulation of policies to improve the situation in these areas.Aims:To study the clinical profile of hemophiliacs (age <18 years) in Jodhpur region and screen them for transfusion-transmitted infections.Materials and Methods:A cross-sectional study conducted in the Department of Pediatrics, Umaid Hospital, Dr. S. N. Medical College, Jodhpur, over a period of 12 months.Result:Out of a total of 56 cases enrolled, 51 (91%) cases were diagnosed as hemophilia A while 5 (9%) were diagnosed as hemophilia B. Positive family history was found in 26 (46%) cases. According to their factor levels, 25 (44%) cases had severe disease, 20 (36%) had moderate disease, and 11 (20%) had mild disease. The mean age of onset of symptoms and diagnosis was 1.73 ± 1.43 and 3.87 ± 3.84 years, respectively. First clinical presentation was posttraumatic bleed in 20 (36%), gum bleeds in 17 (30%), epistaxis in 4 (7%), joint bleeds in 4 (7%), skin bleeds in 4 (7%), and circumcision bleed in 3 (5%) cases. Knee joint was the predominant joint affected by hemarthrosis in 38 (68%), followed by ankle in 29 (52%), elbow in 20 (36%), and hip joint in 7 (13%) cases. All patients had a negative screening test for transfusion-transmitted infections.Conclusion:Occurrence of posttraumatic bleeds and gum bleeds in an otherwise normal child should warn the clinician for evaluation of hemophilia.

Urban Rural Comparison of Anthropometry and Menarcheal Status of Adolescent School Going Girls of Jodhpur, Rajasthan, India.

Adolescence is the formative period of life. Poor adolescent health translates into poor maternal health leading to increased maternal morbidity with inter-generational consequences. To compare anthropometric, socio-demographic, menstrual and nutritional status of rural and urban adolescent school going girls of Western Rajasthan, India. A cross-sectional comparative study was conducted in two rural schools and one urban school of Jodhpur region. Anthropometric, socio-economic (family history, menstrual history, maternal education) and dietary habit data of 327 (137 urban and 190 rural) school going adolescent girls aged 11-16 years were collected using structured questionnaires by a school based survey after consent from parents and school officials. Height and weight were taken using the standard procedure. Stunting (height for age) and thinness [Body Mass index (BMI) for age] were calculated as per the National Center for Health and Statistics (NCHS) standards. Statistical analysis was done using student t-test, fisher-exact test and Chi-square test. Mean height was significantly higher in urban girls while mean BMI of adolescents was significantly higher in rural areas as compared to their urban counterparts. Growth spurt was between 12-13 years showing maximum increase in mean height, coinciding with or immediately post-menarche. Menarche was one year earlier in urban girls as compared to rural girls (p<0.001). Thinness was more prevalent among females in urban areas and stunting was more common amongst girls residing in rural areas. Life style habits (poor dietary habits, sedentary life style) of the urban girls may contribute to an early menarche but rural girls despite having a later onset of menarche; have a lower final height which may be attributed to their poor nutritional status. Improving nutrition of rural girls and modifying the life style of urban girls and educating their mothers will reduce the disparity and lead to better health and development of adolescent girls in this region and this could be expected to improve maternal health in future.

Study of epidemiological profile of hanging in Jodhpur region of Rajasthan: An autopsy based study

Study of epidemiological profile of hanging in Jodhpur region of Rajasthan: An autopsy based study

Epiphyseal Union at Lower End of Radius and Ulna in the Age Group of 16–20 Years in Jodhpur Region of Rajasthan

Among the variety of scientific procedure available in age assessment, there is wide agreement in methods based on sexual, skeletal, and dental maturity. However in age group 16–20 years X-ray of lower end of radius and ulna is most accurate method. The present study was undertaken on 100 individuals from Jodhpur region (52 males and 48 female) between the age group of 16 to 20 years.

Joint Health Status of Hemophilia Patients in Jodhpur Region.

Hemophilia refers to a group of bleeding disorders in which there is a deficiency of one of the factors necessary for coagulation of the blood. Susceptibility to joint hemorrhage in persons with Hemophilia suggests that the routine assessment of joint health is an important aspect of clinical management and outcome studies assessing the efficacy of treatment. This prospective study was conducted to study joint health status in Hemophilia patients and draw their joint disability score by using Hemophilia Joint Health Score (HJHS). Out of total 56 cases 51 (91.07%) cases were diagnosed as hemophilia A while 5 cases (8.92%) were diagnosed as hemophilia B. According to their factor level 44% cases had severe 36% had moderate and 20% had mild disease. Knee joint was the predominant joint affected by hemarthrosis in 67.85% cases followed by ankle joint (51.7%) elbow joint (35.7%), hip joint (12.5%), shoulder joint (5.3%) and proximal metacarpophalangeal joint (1.78%).Out of total 37.5% patients of hemophilia had developed target joint. Knee joint was the predominant target joint in 28.57% cases and ankle joint was the target joint in 8.92% cases. Maximum number of patients (40.47%) had HJHS score of zero. The mean HJHS score was 6.78±9.04. HJHS score showing significant positive correlation with age of patient (p<0.0001). Most risky period and most aggravating development of hemophilic joint damage starts from 7years of age. Therefore, treatment decisions, such as starting prophylaxis, should be tailored according to bleeding pattern and age of patients rather than based on the clotting factor activity levels.