Provision Of Jobs Research Articles

Multi-objective optimal sizing and design of renewable and diesel-based autonomous microgrids with hydrogen storage considering economic, environmental, and social uncertainties

The multifaceted nature of human society necessitates the consideration of various indicators when planning and designing energy systems. The success of energy systems is contingent on their ability to reliably meet demands while satisfying different objectives that align with societal needs. This paper presents the multi-objective optimal design and configuration of hydrogen-storage-based microgrids to reliably meet electric load demands in remote regions while considering economic, environmental and social uncertainties. A comprehensive Mixed Integer Linear Programming (MILP) was adopted to model the microgrid consisting of renewable energy systems (RES), hydrogen energy storage system (HESS), battery energy storage system (BESS), and diesel generator (DG). Advanced Interactive Multidimensional Modelling System (AIMMS) was used to perform the deterministic and robust optimisation with special consideration on cost-greenhouse emissions minisation and employment generation maximisation. This study further performs a comparative analysis between hydrogen-based microgrids and lithium-ion battery-based microgrids in terms of the key objectives. In overall performance, the configuration consisting of photovoltaic (PV), wind turbine (WT), fuel cell (FC), electrolyser (EL) and low-pressure tank (LPT) outplays the other configurations considered in terms of total job factor, levelised cost of electricity, renewable energy penetration factor, carbon emission reduction capability. Considering both deterministic and robust solutions of the configuration, the levelised cost of electricity ranges between 0.131 and 0.169 $/kWh, the total lifetime cost varies from $2,002,100 to $6,784,740, and the job provision factor ranges between 0.339 and 0.447. Nevertheless, there is a need for further reduction of the investment cost for its continued technological and market penetration. This is a good basis for the adoption of hydrogen-based storage systems with renewable energy systems.

인구감소와 지방소멸에 대한 법적 대응

Korea has been implementing a policy of restricting birth from the 1960s to the 1990s amid explosive population growth after the Korean War. In the provinces, the rural population and the population of small cities have been concentrated in large cities and metropolitan areas due to lack of jobs, infrastructure, and capital. Korea's population began to decline in 2021 after peaking in 2020, and in 2023, it became a country with the lowest birth rate in the world at 0.72, and will soon become a super-aging society. The government has enacted the Framework Act On Low Birth Rate In An Aging Society, the Special Act on Local Autonomy Decentralization and Balanced Regional Development, and the Special Act On Support For Depopulation Regions to promote balanced regional development and to prepare legal policies to cope with population decline and local extinction. In Korea, there are many places where baby cries have stopped, and the equity of the burden of tax and social security costs between generations is a problem due to the low birth rate and the aging society, and the burden of social welfare costs is increasing in local governments. In this paper, after analyzing the current status of Korea's legislation on population decline and regional extinction response, we propose a plan to enact the Regional Revitalization (Regional Revitalization) Act since there are many population decline response laws, but there is no general law on regional extinction response. In addition, although encouraging immigration is not a fundamental measure to respond to population decline and regional extinction, the promotion of flexible local immigration policies in countries such as Australia, the United States, and France is becoming a major factor in population growth, so a regional-led local immigration system must be devised. do. In addition, in the case of Europe, when a city is created as a smart city, it is common for the population to concentrate, and as the population decreases in cities or rural areas with underdeveloped social infrastructure due to ICT convergence technology, cities in population-decreasing areas We review the issue of smart city creation within the city. In addition, when population decreases and regions disappear, there is no need to continuously expand and create cities as is currently the case, so the issue of introducing an appropriate location planning system to create a compact city (compressed city) is reviewed. In addition, we examine the expansion of the scope of use of the living population support introduced by the Depopulation Area Act and the concept and requirements of the related population, and review the issue of introducing a corporate hometown love donation tax to respond to population decline and regional extinction. Lastly, since population decline and regional extinction cannot be resolved through financial support alone, implementation of institutional guarantees for marriage and family community guaranteed under the Constitution, establishment of a livable local environment and infrastructure, provision of sufficient jobs and guaranteed income, transportation, education, and culture. I hope that the Constitution will be amended to create an equal living environment in the metropolitan area and local areas by guaranteeing accessibility to medical care, etc.

Impact of Small-Scale Business Organization on Economic Development: A Case Study of Hamdala Special Bread Bakery Kwangwara, Kontagora, Niger State, Nigeria


 
 
 This work has revealed clearly that small scale businesses has suffered a lot of set back as a result of lack of amenities, poor funding, economic of scale, improper management, illiteracy and other factors. The source of finance of small businesses are not enough to help them expand as expected. Small scale business has impact on the development of a country through provision of jobs, revenue generation to government and to also a boost to the standard of living. Also it was also realized that government intervention is weak and need to be enforced. The research design and procedure for data analysis and test of hypothesis revealed that this study is based on the following: government programs and policies, economic growth and development, job creation and poverty alleviation. From the finding of this research, the small scale business has impact on economic development because it has been able to create job and alleviate poverty. However, government intervention to small scale business is not encouraging, more policies should be profound and implemented properly.
 
 

Evaluation of Socio-Economic Status of the Indigenous Population on the Permanent Site of Usmanu Danfodiyo University, Sokoto, Nigeria

The study sought to describe the relationship between socio-economic and demographic characteristics of the indigenous population living on the permanent site of Usmanu Danfodiyo University, Sokoto (UDUS), after they were displaced from their lands. The study adopted the sustainable rural livelihoods model as a tool for studying livelihoods in the study area. Data for this study was obtained through the administration of 349 copies of questionnaire using a multi-stage sampling technique. Socio-Economic Scale (SES) for Northern Nigeria was used to classify the respondents into three SES classes. TheSES classes of the respondents were examined using descriptive statistics (frequency and percentage). The Spearman rank correlation statistic was used in testing the hypothesis for the study. The majority (65.6%) of the respondents fall into the lowest SES class using a 28- point indicator. With a p=.020, findings revealed that there was no significant correlation between income and socio-economic status of the indigenous population. The study recommends prompt payment of compensations, provision of permanent and pensionable jobs as well as access to funds for business and other entrepreneur skills as ways of supporting and boosting their livelihoods. The indigenous population can also be encouraged to form cooperatives and savings schemes to enable them to raise capital to pursue alternative livelihoods.

Construction Project Failure and Abandonment in Kaduna State, Nigeria: An Analysis of the Causes Using the Relative Importance Index

The construction industry serves as one of the key players of a nation's economic growth, considering its role in infrastructural development, revenue generation, provision of jobs and shelter for the masses, enriching the esthetical view and influencing the growth of other key sectors of a nation. In this research, a study was carried out on the causes of construction project failures and abandonment in Kaduna state, Nigeria. The study’s objective was to identify the possible causes of failure and abandonment of construction projects and evaluate the identified causes in their order of importance. To achieve this, a quantitative research approach using questionnaires as an instrument for data collection in Kaduna state was adopted, using a total of One Hundred (100) survey-questionnaires distributed among professionals and workers in the construction industry. Analysis of the data acquired from the returned questionnaires was done using SPSS v26 and MS Excel 2016 to obtain the descriptive statistics and the Relative Importance Index (RII). From the ranking, Corruption (RII = 85.9%), Change in government administration (RII = 82.8%), Politics (RII = 82.8%), Government policies (RII = 81.9%) and Inadequate involvement of construction professionals (RII = 81.3%) were the five top ranking causes of project failure and abandonment in the study area. The Spearman rho correlation showed some significant but low relationship among the variables, while the Kruskal-Wallis test indicated the same distribution of all the variables among the construction professionals. The research also revealed that although insecurity was a burning issue for the industry especially in the study area, its ranking showed that it was not considered a significant factor in relation to the other factors.

Empowerment by the Pringsewu Local Government: A Study on the Tourism Rest Area of Wates

The Pringsewu bamboo monument tourist attraction is an icon or landmark of Pringsewu Regency which is located in Wates Village, Gading Rejo District.Apart from being a tourist attraction, this monument also has many benefits in the area. Inside, there are many public facilities that can be used by the community. There is also a large trading area, which is almost half of the the overall location of the Pringsewu bamboo monument. The main purpose of the construction area trade, in addition to providing a comfortable resting place for the visitors who come to the area, is the provision of field jobs for the surrounding community to be able to sell at that location in order to meet their daily needs. The main purpose of this research is to describe the political relationship between the Pringsewu Regional Government and the community economic empowerment in the Tugu Bambu rest area of Gading Rejo village. The research method uses a qualitative approach through a descriptive case study, where data is obtained from the results of interviews involving local governments, traders, and visitors. Observations and documentation were also carried out to find out the conditions in the field that the analysis is performed in. The results and conclusion of this study are obtained through observations of political relations and the economic empowerment of the community, namely through the construction of trading and public facilities areas, and the efforts made to increase the success of the local government namely by eliminating rent, intensifying promotions, and coaching community economic development for traders. These efforts can be said to be successful due to an increase in the number of traders from each year as well as the satisfaction of traders who can meet the needs of their merchandise.
 Keywords: Politics, Local Government, Community Economic Empowerment

Boko Haram Insurgency and Socio-Economic Crisis in Borno State Nigeria

<p>So much has been written about the formation and activities of the Boko Haram insurgency since its advent in 2002 as religious fundamentalism. The Islamic sect is a group of "People Committed to the propagation of the Prophet's Teachings and Jihad" opposing western education. Their operations have degenerated into armed conflict, insurgency and terrorism, causing untold devastation and economic loss to some states of the federation. However, their significance in the socio-economic crisis of Borno State has not been adequately reported. This is the lacuna filled by this paper. The study adopted both primary and secondary sources of research instruments. The study discovered that Boko Haram insurgency has crippled markets, business activities and blocked the trade routes in Borno State. About 10,000 Eastern and South western business people fled the state; international business entrepreneurs from Chad, Cameroon and Niger returned to their countries; these affected the State's economic revenue in an unimaginable way, with negative implications on the sustainable development agenda of the United Nations. The Study recommends, among other things, adequate security measures, provision of social support system and care, provision of jobs and social amenities, development of infrastructures, reconciliation among local communities, reduction of poverty, a proactive step by the Federal government on supply of adequate funding, weapons and well-equipped military personnel to put an end to the insurgency in North Eastern Nigeria.</p>

Sektor Industri Pengelompokkan Dan Perusahaan Negara Di Kecamatan Ngoro Kabupaten Mojokerto

This study aims to determine the environmental impact and natural damage from the production activities of the industrial sector grouping the areas of Ngoro District, Mojokerto Regency for public health in managing environmental cases of alleged waste pollution and natural damage in Mojokerto Regency. The method in this study uses a qualitative approach through observational data collection techniques and also uses a Systematic Literature Review (SLR) approach. According to (Kitchenham & Charter, 2007) SLR is the process of identifying, evaluating, and interpreting all research evidence to answer certain research questions. The results showed that grouping industrial production activities had an impact on the provision of jobs and also infrastructure development in Ngoro Subdistrict and also had an impact on the environment such as waste that was disposed of polluting the watershed and causing fish to die due to contamination of the waste content and polluted residents' well water. In handling these impacts, it is expected that industrial companies in Ngoro can carry out routine monitoring and evaluation activities to see developments in environmental and community conditions, in this case the implementation of policies related to handling the impacts of industrial production activities carried out by companies for public health, especially around Ngoro District, Mojokerto Regency.

DETERMINATION OF MINIMUM WAGES, GRDP AND INVESTMENT ON LABOR ABSORPTION IN THE AGRICULTURAL SECTOR FOR THE WEST OF ACEH PROVINCE

The western region of Aceh Province is very famous for its abundant resources, especially in the agricultural sector. Almost half of the population in the western region of Aceh Province work in the agricultural sector. Provision of sufficient jobs in the agricultural sector will offset the addition of labor, so that unemployment in the western region of Aceh Province can be reduced. Thus, open unemployment will also be reduced and will improve the regional economy and the welfare of the people in the region.The research objective was to determine the effect of the minimum wage on employment in the agricultural sector and to determine the effect of investment on employment in the agricultural sector in the western region of Aceh Province. The analysis used in this research is multiple regression analysis using panel data. The result of this research is that the minimum wage has a negative effect on ISG. on employment absorption, while GRDP and investment have a positive and sig. on the absorption of labor in the agricultural sector in the western region of Aceh Province.

Influencing factors of community residents' pro-environmental behavior in East Dongting Lake National Nature Reserve under the policy intervention

In the study of protected areas, the "Fences & fines" approach is increasingly becoming acknowledged as obsolete and ineffectual, and there is mounting evidence suggesting that the "Community-based conservation" approach is acquiring consideration. It is significant to identify which protection model or factors perform a definitive part in China. Taking the East Dongting Lake National Nature Reserve in China as a survey site, this paper utilizes semi-structured interviews and random questionnaires surveyed 431 households to investigate the relationship between "community-based conservation" approaches such aslegal system, ecological compensation, environmental education, community participation, concessions, livelihoods, job provision, intrinsic motivation and pro-environmental behavior. The regression results declare that intrinsic motivation (β = 0.390) and legal system (β = 0.212) are the most effective factors impacting on pro-environmental behavior; concessions has a negative conflict on preservation;but other "community-based conservation" approaches had insignificant positive impacts on pro-environmental behavior. Further mediating effects analysis indicated that intrinsic motivation (B = 0.3899, t = 11.9694, p < 0.01) mediates between legal system and pro-environmental behavior of community residents, legal system promotes pro-environmental behavior by promoting intrinsic motivation, which is more effective than legal system promoting pro-environmental behavior directly. This demonstrates that “Fence and fine approach" still is an effective management tool which can shape community residents' positive attitude towards conservation and pro-environmental behavior especially protected areas with large communities. And appropriate "community-based conservation" approaches can mitigate conflicts between special groups with the combination of these two approaches, the management of protected areas can be successful. This supplies a valuable real-world case for the current debate on conservation and improved human livelihoods.

Implementation of k-means clustering for the job provision in urban village

Unemployment is one of critical issue in society. It may creates snowball effect towards economic development in a country and leads to the economic recessions. Hence, it is important to solve this issue by implementing the clustering to provide groups of people that have chance for job provision. K-Means Clustering is employed in this study by using 378 of data samples. Ages, marital status, amount of land owned, and income are selected as the attributes. The clustering result pointed out that there are 3 clusters that represent the people chances to get job, namely “High”, “Medium”, and “Low”. To evaluate the proposed cluster, Davis-Boulden index is utilized and presents a proper score. The practical implications are presented and discussed, then suggestions for future research are provided.

Small and medium emprises performance in Dubai: A critical role of technological factor and environmental factor

In Dubai, the government alone cannot bring about economic development and provide jobs to all and sundry. Businesses established by individuals and corporate entities aid the government in the provision of jobs to people and contribute to the economic growth and development of a country. The role of SMEs is crucial in most of the countries of the world and they contribute significantly towards provision of employment opportunities in their local communities and development of their economies. The main objective of this study is to examine the factors influencing the performance of SMEs in the UAE. The findings from the analysis found that technological factors and environmental factors have a positive and significant impact on SMEs performance. This study has a significant contribution to the body of literature as it provides a worthy theoretical framework in it. Besides theoretical contribution, this study also provides practical implications to SMEs, government and policymakers. The future direction of this study would enhance the future body of literature.

Analisis input – output: Dampak sektor pertanian terhadap perekonomian, pendapatan rumah tangga, dan kesesempatan kerja

Development is a condition desired by every region or region. Development can come from any sector in the area. The agricultural sector is still the leading sector in the economy and is a sector that is relied upon in the source of income for the provision of jobs compared to other sectors. This makes the agricultural sector a very influential sector in the economy in Indonesia. This article was created with the aim of knowing how the agricultural sector is related to other sectors in Indonesia. The analysis used in this research is input-output analysis, using secondary data from the Indonesian Input-Output Table in 2010. The results of the study indicate that the addition to the agricultural sector has a positive impact in the form of additions to the sector itself and other sectors both in terms of sectoral output, household income, and employment opportunities.

Coming of Age in Contemporary Pakistan: Influences of Gender and Poverty

Economic development is strongly connected to the longevity, growth and structure of country’s population [Bloom and Canning (2003)]. Pakistan currently has the largest cohort of young people in its history (25 million aged 15-24, Census 1998) that has serious implications for the provision of schooling, health services and adequate jobs. Therefore the well being of these valuable young cohorts is profoundly important for the social and economic development and prosperity of Pakistan [Population Council (2003)]. This demographic lift can promote economic lift-off [Bloom and Canning (2003)]. In fact, Pakistan will face dire consequences if this resource is not capitalised and young people remain uneducated and unskilled [Faizunnisa and Ikram (2003)]. Work is one of the key transitions in the lives of young people. It is an important marker of adulthood, with strong implications for a country’s social and economic development. Work depending on its nature and remuneration can be the most important factor shaping adult lives. Youth employment has many implications for the labour market, poorer households and for the youth themselves.

Impact of militancy on education and economic security in Niger delta region of Nigeria

The extensive militarization of the Niger Delta region further elicited a long drawn militancy postures from the restive youth, and the impact of the opposing postures of both State armed actors and non-state armed actors, could be seen aggravating both education security and economic security of the region. It was against this background that this engages relative deprivation theory to investigate the impact of militancy on human security in Niger Delta. The study looked at economic security and education as constructs of human security. This study adopts exploratory research design; using content analysis of publicly available archive documents. The study relies on secondary data. The research is conducted by examining literature concerning militancy and human security in Nigeria. The literature was obtained through searches in publicly available material. Literature from non-serial publications, official reports, and conferences has been included particularly if they have been cited by other references in term of economic security and education security. The study revealed that militancy has negative effects on economic security and education security in Nigeria. Based on these findings, the study concludes that provision of employment opportunities and protection of schools with accessibility to education will go a long way to ensure human security particularly in the Niger Delta region. The study recommends that Federal, State and Local Government evolve adequate protections for education, as that is a conduit of learning tolerance, balance socialisation and civility as against violent narratives from militancy while efforts should be focused on provision of jobs and economic activities to counter the negative narratives of apparent poor governance, used as recruitment bait for the youths into mainstream of militancy in the region.

Becoming Entitled: Relief, Unemployment, and Reform during the Great Depression

Becoming Entitled: Relief, Unemployment, and Reform during the Great Depression

Pendampingan Pengelolaan Keuangan UMKM di Masa Pasca Pandemi

The Covid 19 pandemic that occurred in 2020 until now has had a significant impact on the business and financial conditions of all business sectors, especially in the field of Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises. The existence of MSMEs as contributors to gross domestic product cannot be underestimated because they are able to encourage the community's economy through the provision of jobs and income distribution when the government has limitations in providing employment opportunities. However, the Covid-19 pandemic has eroded the economic ability of MSMEs to continue to develop due to operational limitations from the implications of restricting community activities as instructed by the Government. Therefore, as the best solution for SMEs today, they must be able to manage finances in anticipation of unwanted conditions such as the condition during the Covid 19 Pandemic yesterday. The focus of the service is carried out at the Kurniawan Textile UMKM which is located in Tanjung Mas Village, North Semarang District. As a result of service, partners gain knowledge and skills in managing finances to determine business operations run by MSMEs.

PENGEMBANGAN DESA WISATA DI KABUPATEN ENDE SEBAGAI UPAYA PENCEGAHAN URBANISASI

The change from mass tourism to alternative tourism provides an advantage for tourist villages to be an option in tourism development. Rural areas with their unique characteristics, such as unspoiled natural environment, beautiful natural scenery, various kinds of animals and plants, rural people and culture, present a unique experience to tourists. This study uses a qualitative method with a descriptive-analytic model. Tourism villages are able to reduce the urbanization of people from villages to cities because many economic activities in villages can be created. In addition, tourist villages can be an effort to preserve and empower the potential of local culture and local wisdom values ​​that exist in the community. As an effort to suppress the existing rate of urbanization, the development of tourist villages is a form of solution that can be carried out by every village. In developing a village into a tourist village, many aspects are absorbed, especially the provision of jobs in the village which are increasingly varied and able to absorb the existing workforce in rural areas.

Spreading Terrorism, Militancy, and Radicalization in Malakand Division Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Pakistan: An Analysis of the Economic Factors

The current study is to analyze the causes of militancy, terrorism, and radicalization where multifarious factors are contributing towards spreading such behavior. However, the study is delimited to focus on the economic factors, including poverty, unemployment and other such factors that lead towards militancy, terrorism, and radical behavior in society. The field information was collected from 200 respondents using purposive sampling technique with stratified approach from 3 strata of the society including businessmen, teachers and clergy or religious class of age 20 and above. The data was collected through a structured interview schedule, and the analysis was made in the form of tables, discussion and the findings have been verified through chi-square test. The findings show that militancy, terrorism, and radicalization have their roots in deep rooted poverty, unemployment, and lack of other life facilities in the area. The study suggests proper planning for provision of jobs, equal distribution of resources among people and provision of life facilities to the masses.

History Education as a Catalyst for Solving Modern Challenges; Insecurity and COVID-19 in Nigeria

History education being the queen or mother of all courses especially in art and social sciences is always ready to offer a helping hand in solving difficult riddles, paradoxes and problems bedeviling humanity such as insecurity, Covid 19 and other forms of social problems notwithstanding! This study has as much as possible intends to diagnosed the roles that History education can play in mitigating insecurity and COVID-19 challenges in Nigeria, the historical approaches and lessons adopted by past generations in solving life threatening challenges as well as the impacts of stimulus packages and relief materials on cushioning the effects of Covid 19 and insecurity. Survey research design where questionnaires were used in sampling opinions was adopted. Consequently, threat to food security, lost of lives, hunger and displacement of people are some of the discovered effects of insecurity. Meanwhile, unemployment, lack of good education, poverty etc were identified as some of the causes. However, strict adherence to government’s directives on constant hand washing, use of face mask, social distancing, provision of jobs, security of people’s lives and properties etc were recommended as possible solutions to the challenges of Covid 19 and insecurity