Job Crisis Research Articles

Responses to the jobs crisis. Digital transformations of the Romanian labor market

The present article presents a sociological analysis of the sources of crisis in the context of the Romanian labour market, compared to post-socialist and post-Soviet countries. The study examines the labour market changes over the past two decades, from the economic crisis of 2008 to the COVID-19 crisis. The article shows how socioeconomic vulnerabilities during crises interacted with the transformations caused by employment policies, technological transformations of work and neoliberal measures on the labour market in Romania.

Experiences of returning to work in patients with schizophrenia after treatment: A longitudinal qualitative study.

Returning to work (RTW) has always been regarded as one of the important indicators to evaluate the therapeutic effect of patients with schizophrenia. The existing studies on RTW in patients with schizophrenia are mostly focused on intervention measures, and the qualitative research on RTW is very limited. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the experience of the RTW after treatment in patients with schizophrenia. A longitudinal qualitative study was conducted involving 24 patients with schizophrenia in China. The interviews were held at three time-points during their RTW process, (1) when patients had improved and were close to discharge, (2) within 1 month post-discharge, and (3) 6 months post-discharge. The interview recordings were transcribed by the research team, and transcripts were independently analyzed by two independent coders using reflexive thematic analysis. A total of 24 patients with schizophrenia participated in 72 personal interviews. The thematic framework based on the experience of patients with schizophrenia reveals a three-phases of the process of RTW: improved, being at a loss, and job crisis. The study identified one theme of the first phase: the expectation and optimism. Two themes in the second phase: (1) psychological distress of upcoming work; (2) expectation of assistance pre-work. And four themes in the third phase: (1) tremendous pressure of RTW; (2) lack of medical and social support; (3) social status and interpersonal relationships change; and (4) high level of financial pressure. The experience of RTW is a dynamic process with great challenges in each phase, patients with schizophrenia have been deeply affected by what they have experienced. There is an urgent need to ensure that existing community and social support is integrated into daily care to support patients with schizophrenia to RTW successful. The findings of this study also suggest relevant departments and employers should be aware of the barriers to RTW for patients with schizophrenia, and take certain measures to change the current situation.

JOB CRISIS; MERGING THE GAP BETWEEN SCHOOL AND UNIVERSITY EDUCATION AND VOCATIONAL EDUCATION

While the Right to Education Act of 2002 in India guarantees free and compulsory education of all children in the age group of six to fourteen years, such education does not necessarily lead to employment. In rural areas, states with poor Gross Domestic Products (GDP) tend to have higher school dropout rates due to the lack of quality education. According to Niti Aayog, the dropout rate in 2020-21 at the secondary level in Bihar (India’s poorest state) was 21.4 percent since school education does not guarantee employment. In fact, 25.5% of youth between the ages 15 - 29 are unemployed-this does not take into consideration the types of jobs taken up by them, such as an unproductive primary sector, thus serving as a research gap. This unproductive work results in lower income for the rural youth, amplifying the issue of poverty. This paper elaborates on the flaws of the current Technical and Vocational Education (TVET) System utilizing a case study and using comparative analysis with countries such as Norway and Germany with successful TVETs.

A Preliminary Analysis between Available and Shared Resources for the Lebanese Job Crisis

ABSTRACTThe Port of Beirut, Lebanon explosion on August 4, 2020, forced increased emigration of the Lebanese people, as they sought stability outside of their economically and politically volatile country (Farhat, 2021). Thus, families remaining in Lebanon are more dependent than ever on remittances. However, the ability of families to receive remittances is contingent on the success of those emigrating from Lebanon to gain employment. Job seekers often turn to the internet for career information from communication platforms like Reddit and dedicated job forums, like Jobs for Lebanon, among other institutional resources. This study focuses on these online institutional resources' hyperlink network, as hyperlink networks can represent a collective public good (Fu & Shumate, 2016). Data collection resulted in a network of 148 institutions. Yet with the plethora of resources available, the Lebanese community is still undergoing ineffective job searching. This preliminary research explores thse barrier between institutionally presented job resources and Lebanese job seekers by comparing the structure of the existing institutional resource network to resources shared in a leading online community. A network analysis of 148 institutions reveals: (1) unproductive job information exchange between major institutions, and (2) an opportunity for institutions to better support Lebanese job seekers.

The State of the Humanities circa 2022

The State of the Humanities circa 2022

Human Security Perspective from Several Countries Across the World and Recommendations for Vietnam

Human security is being concerned as a global issue. Human security, which has gone from the theoretical to the practical, has been attracted by national agendas, scientists, international organizations, politicians, policymakers. In the current new context, human life has to face many unpredictable threats and dangers such as the Covid-19 pandemic, natural disasters, environmental pollution, violence, job crisis, etc. This article focuses on analyzing and evaluating approaches to human security in the world through the approaches of international organizations and scientists in different countries around the world. Thereby, learned lessons making recommendations to apply for studying human security in Vietnam contemporary.

NATIONAL RECOVERY AND RESILIENCE PLAN EUROPEAN FUNDS MULTIPLIER ROLE AND POSSIBILITIES OF MINISTRY OF NATIONAL DEFENCE INVOLVEMENT IN THE PROCESS

This paper aims at expressing the manner in which the Ministry of National Defence (MoND) can benefit from direct support, efficient and significant financial support for the implementation of sustainable reforms and public investments, as provided in the National Recovery and Resilience Plan (NRRP).The situation triggered by COVID-19 brings about new awareness in Romania and among all the EU member states, through the economic-financial crisis, jobs crisis, health, education, research, innovation and digitalization crisis, which has an impact on the drop of revenues both at European and international level. We must agree that such pandemics should find us prepared and that the investments should be planned well beforehand, similarly to the creation of an army. The defence of a state requires costs, and the financial support allocated to the defence sector is visible in the results of the foreign and economic policy of Romania. From this perspective, the MoND has prepared a series of proposals included in a number of reforms and investments documents. Such reforms and investments are absolutely necessary to Romania and represent essential contributions to the NRRP.

An Analysis of EFL Teachers’ Fear of Failure as Their Motivation for Pursuing Graduate Studies

Many studies have been conducted to clarify the impact of teachers’ motivation for participating in TPD activities; nevertheless, none of them has viewed teachers’ fear of failure as their motivation for TPD, especially for pursuing graduate programs in the Vietnamese context. That explains why this current qualitative study with the participation of nine EFL teacher interviewees was administered to fill in the abovementioned gap. Moreover, the study was conducted in a tertiary institution in the Mekong delta of Vietnam. Based on the data analysis, several teachers’ fears of failure as their motivation for following graduate programs were detected. Their fears included self-perceived inadequate qualifications in TEFL which resulted in their ineffective teaching performances. Participants were also much concerned about losing a job, failing to have opportunities to further their education and losing momentum for work due to routinized teaching. Mid- age job crisis, negative effects of lacking role models on the growth of children and other younger people, lack of collegial support, and low self-confidence were found to be motivating fears which stimulated participants to make them pursue higher degree programs. The paper ends with discussions of the findings and pedagogical implications

LA MOBILITE DU MARCHE DU TRAVAIL : MATERIAU POUR UNE ANALYSE SOCIO-ANTHROPOLOGIQUE DES PROFESSIONS ET CATEGORIES SOCIOPROFESSIONNELLES

What future for the socio-professional categories in an economy and a society in profound mutations?Thats the question posed by the mobility of work and its world, characteristic of excessive globalization. Indeed, the central place that work, in the diversity of its forms, occupies for man and society has been called into question since the end of the last century with the emergence of new codes of work market access and new job categories. We are attending a categorical recomposition of work where some professional groups have disappeared to give birth to others. The sociodemographic variables are strongly correlating the supply of job which is coated in social inequity. By renewing the debate on the job crisis, the economic and social transformations have engendered a deconfiguration of economic activities by inducing a real overhaul of the work world with as a corollary a destructuration of the job structure.This article restores a survey that analyzes the anteriority of socioeconomic mutations to the deconfiguration of socio-professional categories in professional sphere in central and southern Benin. Thus, this paper aims, as a general objective, to examine the impact of changes of the work world in a globalized economy on socio-professional categories. Specifically, it involves, on the one hand, to inventory the various changes that have occurred in socio-professional categories and their effects and, on the other hand, to elucidate the process of the reconfiguration of the socio-professional categories, which will lead us to explain the configuration of the new nomenclature of socio-professional categories.

The prevalence of work-related suicides varies by reporting source from the National Violent Death Reporting System.

Both suicides overall and work-related suicides are increasing in the United States, and efforts to reduce suicide risk will require an understanding of the frequency and role of work in suicides. This study examines the incidence of occupational suicides using the National Violent Death Reporting System (NVDRS), which identified the role of work in suicides using the traditional death certificate as well as from death investigations. NVDRS suicides among those aged 16 through 65 from 2013 through 2017 were examined to determine if the death certificate identified the death as work-related, if the death investigation identified a job problem as a suicide circumstance, and if the death investigation indicated that the job problem was a crisis at the time of the suicide. Overall, 1.13% of death certificates identified the suicides as work-related, 2.34% of suicides included a job crisis, and 11.2% a job problem, and proportions did not vary over the years of the study. Overlap between the death certificate and death investigation was very low, with only 0.21% of suicides identified as related to work by both sources. Identification of work-relatedness varied by source for demographic characteristics, mechanism of suicide, and occupation. For example, the death certificate identified 2.1% of suicides among those working in protective services as work-related, but death investigations identified 15.2% as having a job problem. Work-related factors may be associated with a far higher proportion of suicides than previously documented.

Layoffs, inequity and COVID-19: A longitudinal study of the journalism jobs crisis in Australia from 2012 to 2020

In Australia and beyond, journalism is reportedly an industry in crisis, a crisis exacerbated by COVID-19. However, the evidence revealing the crisis is often anecdotal or limited in scope. In this unprecedented longitudinal research, we draw on data from the Australian journalism jobs market from January 2012 until March 2020. Using Data Science and Machine Learning techniques, we analyse two distinct data sets: job advertisements (ads) data comprising 3698 journalist job ads from a corpus of over 8 million Australian job ads; and official employment data from the Australian Bureau of Statistics. Having matched and analysed both sources, we address both the demand for and supply of journalists in Australia over this critical period. The data show that the crisis is real, but there are also surprises. Counter-intuitively, the number of journalism job ads in Australia rose from 2012 until 2016, before falling into decline. Less surprisingly, for the entire period studied the figures reveal extreme volatility, characterised by large and erratic fluctuations. The data also clearly show that COVID-19 has significantly worsened the crisis. We then tease out more granular findings, including: that there are now more women than men journalists in Australia, but that gender inequity is worsening, with women journalists getting younger and worse-paid just as men journalists are, on average, getting older and better-paid; that, despite the crisis besetting the industry, the demand for journalism skills has increased; and that, perhaps concerningly, the skills sought by journalism job ads increasingly include ‘social media’ and ‘generalist communications’ skills.

Africa’s “youth employment” crisis is actually a “missing jobs” crisis

AbstractMotivationThe Sustainable Development Goals target decent work for all, including youth, by 2030. In sub‐Saharan Africa (SSA), however, a “youth employment crisis” is now central to public and policy discourse. Consequently, the idea of “investing in youth” grows in importance, leading to a proliferation of interventions targeted to and specific to youth.PurposeThis article interrogates the framing of the problem as a “youth employment” crisis.Approach and MethodsThe article brings together evidence from a range of sources and disciplines, indicates where the evidence supports the current policy orthodoxy and where it does not, and maps out an alternative framing. Five pillars of the dominant narrative about youth employment are identified: demography, violence and civil unrest, training and skills, rural economy and urban economy. Three critical dimensions of Africa’s broader employment crisis are highlighted: economic risk, stability and protection.FindingsThe dominant narrative about Africa’s youth employment crisis foregrounds young people themselves, and strongly suggests that the crisis is all (and often only) about them. Little about the employment crisis, however, is youth‐specific. The “it’s all about the youth” framing ignores that young people are caught up in a broader “missing jobs crisis” that reflects fundamental structural constraints within African economies. In other words, the problem is with the economy, not the young people.Policy implicationsThe emphasis on youth‐specific targeting and youth‐specific interventions is largely misplaced. Instead of initiatives that only or specifically target youth, priority should be given to broader structural issues which have the potential to deliver better and larger results, for both young people and others. Reframing the problem from a youth employment crisis to a missing jobs crisis is a necessary first step. We provide a counter‐narrative to support this shift.

KENYA: Jobs Crisis

Africa Research Bulletin: Economic, Financial and Technical SeriesVolume 57, Issue 5 p. 23002C-23003C Policy and Practice KENYA: Jobs Crisis First published: 09 July 2020 https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-6346.2020.09524.xRead the full textAboutPDF ToolsRequest permissionExport citationAdd to favoritesTrack citation ShareShare Give accessShare full text accessShare full-text accessPlease review our Terms and Conditions of Use and check box below to share full-text version of article.I have read and accept the Wiley Online Library Terms and Conditions of UseShareable LinkUse the link below to share a full-text version of this article with your friends and colleagues. Learn more.Copy URL Share a linkShare onFacebookTwitterLinked InRedditWechat No abstract is available for this article. Volume57, Issue5July 2020Pages 23002C-23003C RelatedInformation

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The Labour Market Crisis in Romania Causes, Effects and Potential Solutions

Abstract We are going through troubled times, with worldwide pandemic crises affecting us altogether: citizens, companies and states. This article presents analyses and solutions to the workforce crisis of December 2019 and the workplace crisis of March 2020. Things have escalated from a workforce crisis to a new stage, namely an accelerated loss of workplaces and to a workplace crisis. In a matter of weeks, the labour market has moved from one extreme to the other extremely fast because of a very rough natural phenomenon which could not have been predicted, i.e. the global pandemic crisis caused by the COVID-19 coronavirus. It goes without saying that we all wish to achieve a relative balance on the labour market. This study puts forward concrete solutions adapted to the situation of the Romanian labour market at the end of 2019, when we saw a significant workforce crisis which severely affected companies’ business development objectives. At the same time, it introduces 11 solutions to the new job crisis, which is quickly expanding as a result of the global pandemic caused by the COVID-19 virus and by the declaration of a state of emergency in Romania. In a few weeks of crisis, Romania went from minus 1 million workers to plus 1 million workers. This is an extremely difficult situation. However, I believe that it is temporary and that after the pandemic crisis both the economy and the labour market will gradually recover.

Austerity: The New Normal - A Renewed Washington Consensus 2010-24

Austerity: The New Normal - A Renewed Washington Consensus 2010-24

The Quest of Bridging the Gap Between Skill Training and Education Together for Sustainable Employability

At present time, the focus of the educational system is to build the nation by developing competency among the youth. There is no denying the fact that the youth can actively participate in the economic development of our country only when they are skilled and competent to perform. The workforce by earning a substantial amount of money can contribute towards the development and growth of the country. It is important to facilitate youth with the latest technology to upgrade their existing set of skills by imparting job oriented education and exposing them to practical training. India has achieved substantial development, since independence but still, the development needs of the country are high. To achieve the goal of industrialization and digitalization, India needs to take sound measures to impart sound knowledge to those who are deprived. In the field of education, various Committees and Commissions were constituted with a purpose to remove poverty and unemployment from the society. Skill development in our country can be targeted for effectively leveraged to teach students, enhance their skills to earn a decent livelihood and respect in society. Looking into the job crisis and competition in the job market, there is a need that students must be imparted with appropriate knowledge and provided with hand-on skills. This paper tries to address how soft skills development can be important to address many hidden issues of employability which is being faced by fresh graduates. The paper discusses how the present education system needs to be more practical and skills-based. The lack of access to education and training has also deprived the youth to take active participation in economic activity. The low quality of students and lack of involvement in the classroom is hampering their productive capacity. The paper will also attempt to bring out the discussion on steps that can be taken to address the issue of vocational training to bridge the gap of employment. The paper concludes the right efforts have to be made to equip the workforce with the right set of employable skills and knowledge

Suicide in India: a complex public health tragedy in need of a plan

Suicide in India: a complex public health tragedy in need of a plan

Informing NCD control efforts in India on the eve of Ayushman Bharat

Informing NCD control efforts in India on the eve of Ayushman Bharat