Jiangxi Province Research Articles

Machine learning model for predicting stroke recurrence in adult stroke patients with moyamoya disease and factors of stroke recurrence

ObjectThe aim of this study was at building an effective machine learning model to contribute to the prediction of stroke recurrence in adult stroke patients subjected to moyamoya disease (MMD), while at analyzing the factors for stroke recurrence. MethodsThe data of this retrospective study originated from the database of JiangXi Province Medical Big Data Engineering & Technology Research Center. Moreover, the information of MMD patients admitted to the second affiliated hospital of Nanchang university from January 1st, 2007 to December 31st, 2019 was acquired. A total of 661 patients from January 1st, 2007 to February 28th, 2017 were covered in the training set, while the external validation set comprised 284 patients that fell into a scope from March 1st, 2017 to December 31st, 2019. First, the information regarding all the subjects was compared between the training set and the external validation set. The key influencing variables were screened out using the Lasso Regression Algorithm. Furthermore, the models for predicting stroke recurrence in 1, 2, and 3 years after the initial stroke were built based on five different machine learning algorithms, and all models were externally validated and then compared. Lastly, the CatBoost model with the optimal performance was explained using the SHapley Additive exPlanations (SHAP) interpretation model. ResultIn general, 945 patients suffering from MMD were recruited, and the recurrence rate of acute stroke in 1, 2, and 3 years after the initial stroke reached 11.43%(108/945), 18.94%(179/945), and 23.17%(219/945), respectively. The CatBoost models exhibited the optimal prediction performance among all models; the area under the curve (AUC) of these models for predicting stroke recurrence in 1, 2, and 3 years was determined as 0.794 (0.787, 0.801), 0.813 (0.807, 0.818), and 0.789 (0.783, 0.795), respectively. As indicated by the results of the SHAP interpretation model, the high Suzuki stage, young adults (aged 18–44), no surgical treatment, and the presence of an aneurysm were likely to show significant correlations with the recurrence of stroke in adult stroke patients subjected to MMD. ConclusionIn adult stroke patients suffering from MMD, the CatBoost model was confirmed to be effective in stroke recurrence prediction, yielding accurate and reliable prediction outcomes. High Suzuki stage, young adults (aged 18–44 years), no surgical treatment, and the presence of an aneurysm are likely to be significantly correlated with the recurrence of stroke in adult stroke patients subjected to MMD.

Development and validation of a risk prediction model and prediction tools for post-thrombotic syndrome in patients with lower limb deep vein thrombosis

PurposeOur research aims to compare the predictive performance of decision tree algorithms (DT) and logistic regression analysis (LR) in constructing models, and develop a Post-Thrombotic Syndrome (PTS) risk stratification tool. MethodsWe retrospectively collected and analyzed relevant case information of 618 patients diagnosed with DVT from January 2012 to December 2021 in three different tertiary hospitals in Jiangxi Province as the modeling group. Additionally, we used the case information of 212 patients diagnosed with DVT from January 2022 to January 2023 in two tertiary hospitals in Hubei Province and Guangdong Province as the validation group. We extracted electronic medical record information including general patient data, medical history, laboratory test indicators, and treatment data for analysis. We established DT and LR models and compared their predictive performance using receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves and confusion matrices. Internal and external validations were conducted. Additionally, we utilized LR to generate nomogram charts, calibration curves, and decision curves analysis (DCA) to assess its predictive accuracy. ResultsBoth DT and LR models indicate that Year, Residence, Cancer, Varicose Vein Operation History, DM, and Chronic VTE are risk factors for PTS occurrence. In internal validation, DT outperforms LR (0.962 vs 0.925, z = 3.379, P < 0.001). However, in external validation, there is no significant difference in the area under the ROC curve between the two models (0.963 vs 0.949, z = 0.412, P = 0.680). The validation results of calibration curves and DCA demonstrate that LR exhibits good predictive accuracy and clinical effectiveness. A web-based calculator software of nomogram (https://sunxiaoxuan.shinyapps.io/dynnomapp/) was utilized to visualize the logistic regression model. ConclusionsThe combination of decision tree and logistic regression models, along with the web-based calculator software of nomogram, can assist healthcare professionals in accurately assessing the risk of PTS occurrence in individual patients with lower limb DVT.

Forest fire susceptibility assessment under small sample scenario: A semi-supervised learning approach using transductive support vector machine

Forest fires threaten global ecosystems, socio-economic structures, and public safety. Accurately assessing forest fire susceptibility is critical for effective environmental management. Supervised learning methods dominate this assessment, relying on a substantial dataset of forest fire occurrences for model training. However, obtaining precise forest fire location data remains challenging. To address this issue, semi-supervised learning emerges as a viable solution, leveraging both a limited set of collected samples and unlabeled data containing environmental factors for training. Our study employed the transductive support vector machine (TSVM), a key semi-supervised learning method, to assess forest fire susceptibility in scenarios with limited samples. We conducted a comparative analysis, evaluating its performance against widely used supervised learning methods. The assessment area for forest fire susceptibility lies in Dayu County, Jiangxi Province, China, renowned for its vast forest cover and frequent fire incidents. We analyzed and generated maps depicting forest fire susceptibility, evaluating prediction accuracies for both supervised and semi-supervised learning methods across various small sample scenarios (e.g., 4, 8, 12, 16, 20, 24, 28, and 32 samples). Our findings indicate that TSVM exhibits superior prediction accuracy compared to supervised learning with limited samples, yielding more plausible forest fire susceptibility maps. For instance, at sample sizes of 4, 16, and 28, TSVM achieves prediction accuracies of approximately 0.8037, 0.9257, and 0.9583, respectively. In contrast, random forests, the top performers in supervised learning, demonstrate accuracies of approximately 0.7424, 0.8916, and 0.9431, respectively, for the same small sample sizes. Additionally, we discussed three key aspects: TSVM parameter configuration, the impact of unlabeled sample size, and performance within typical sample sizes. Our findings support semi-supervised learning as a promising approach compared to supervised learning for forest fire susceptibility assessment and mapping, particularly in scenarios with small sample sizes.

Risk factors for ischemic stroke in China: a case-control study

Background Stroke is a primary cause of disability and death in adults worldwide. This study aimed to determine whether uric acid (UA), total bilirubin (TBIL), serum creatinine (Scr), homocysteine (Hcy), platelet large cell ratio (P-LCR), mean platelet volume (MPV), red blood cell volume distribution width (RDW), and common carotid artery intima-media thickness (CCA-IMT) were risk factors for ischemic stroke and whether there were sex differences in their associations. Methods This was a case-control study, and all data were collected from the medical records at Fuzhou First People’s Hospital of Jiangxi Province, China. The case group consisted of 400 patients treated for ischemic stroke at the Neurology Department, Fuzhou First People’s Hospital from January 2017 to June 2023. The control group included 200 patients with non-ischemic stroke in the same period and at the same hospital. In this study, clinical history, physical examination, and biochemical indices such as UA, TBIL, Scr, Hcy, P-LCR, MPV, and RDW were obtained from the patients’ medical records. Craniocerebral imaging was performed using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) or computerized tomography (CT). CCA-IMT was measured using ultrasonography of the carotid arteries. Results In the multivariate binary logistic regression analysis, Hcy, FBS, right CCA-IMT and Hypertension were associated with ischemic stroke (p&lt;0.001). The odds of ischemic stroke increased with Hcy (adjusted OR=1.217, 95% CI=1.129-1.311, p&lt;0.001), fasting blood sugar (FBS) (adjusted OR=1.313, 95%CI=1.169-1.475, p&lt;0.001), and right CCA-IMT (adjusted OR=45.273, 95%CI=6.693-306.232, p&lt;0.001). Hypertensive persons had a higher possibility of ischemic stroke than persons without hypertension (adjusted OR=3.161, 95%CI=2.086-4.790, p&lt;0.001). Conclusions Hcy, FBS, right CCA-IMT, and hypertension are independent risk factors for ischemic stroke in China. There was no association between TBIL, Scr, P-LCR, MPV, RDW, and the incidence of ischemic stroke. There was no sex difference in the association between Hcy, TBIL, Scr, P-LCR, and the incidence of ischemic stroke.

A New Nephrite Occurrence in Jiangxi Province, China: Its Characterization and Gemological Significance

Nephrite is a very precious gemstone material. As a non-renewable resource, the discovery of new nephrite deposits and the study of the genesis of nephrite have aroused great interest. A new occurrence of nephrite known as Xinyu nephrite was discovered in Xinyu Country, Jiangxi province, China. Field investigations reveal that nephrite appears in a contact zone between the Mengshan composite granitic pluton and Permian carbonate rock. The carbonate rock is calcic marble that underwent diopsidization and tremolitization. Nephrites have a light yellow-green color, weak greasy luster, are slightly-translucent to translucent, and are fine-grained. Their refractive index (RI) ranges from 1.60 to 1.61, and their specific gravity (SG) value ranges from 2.90 to 2.91, falling within the range of nephrites from Xinjiang, China. Their Mohs hardness (Hm) ranges from 5.78 to 5.83. Petrographic observations and electron probe micro analyzer (EPMA) data indicated that analyzed nephrites mainly comprise tremolite, with minor diopside, calcite, quartz, and apatite. Tremolite has a ratio of Mg/(Mg + Fe2+) greater than 0.99. The tremolite grains show microscopic fibrous-felted and columnar textures. Scanning electron microscope (SEM) images show some tremolite fibers interwoven in different crystallographic orientations, and some arranged in parallel. Fourier transform infrared and Raman spectroscopy features reveal the bands of minerals typical for nephrite composition. The petrographic characteristics and geological background of the Mengshan area indicate that nephrite formed through a replacement of calcic marble, which differs from the two known types (D-type: dolomite-related; S-type: serpentinite-related). Mineral replacements were common in nephrite, including diopside by tremolite, calcite by tremolite, and recrystallization of coarse by fine tremolite grains. The discovery of Xinyu nephrite occurrence complements the resource and provides an updated case for the in-depth study of the diversity of nephrite deposits.

Projected effective energy stored of Zhangshu salt cavern per day in CAES in 2060

As a large-scale energy storage technology, compressed air energy storage (CAES) has the advantages of high efficiency and high reliability. This paper analyzed the feasibility of CAES cavern constructed in salt mine with multi-interlayer in Zhangshu, Jiangxi Province. Salt mine in Zhangshu is a typical bedded rock salt, and a method for calculating the cavern volume in Zhangshu was proposed. Using the proposed volume calculation method, it is expected that the volume of Zhangshu salt caverns can reach 27,840,000 m3 by 2060. By modelling the geomechanics used to calculate its stability. Based on the results of the simulation, the recommended operating pressure is 8.5–11.5 MPa. Finally, If this volume is used for CAES, the cycle pressure is assumed to be 8.5–11.5 MPa, energy storage efficiency of 50 %, the daily effective energy storage is 8.062 × 1014 J. This study will guide the development of the Zhangshu Salt Mine, provide lessons for similar areas and have a positive impact on the energy transition in Jiangxi.

Amana yunjuensis (Liliaceae), a new species from Jiangxi, China

Amana yunjuensis is a newly discovered species from Mount Yunju, Jiangxi Province, China. It initiates growth in a different period than other species and has similarities to A. anhuiensis, both possessing two leaves and three bracts. However, A. yunjuensis is distinguished by its larger bulbs that are papery outside and glabrous inside. Additionally, the lower leaf of this species attains its broadest point two-thirds of the way from its base. The flowers of A. yunjuensis are typically solitary, occasionally in pairs, and have a non-oblique white stigma.

Relationship between 24-h activity behavior and body fat percentage in preschool children: based on compositional data and isotemporal substitution analysis

ObjectiveThis study aims to elucidate the dose‒response relationship between 24-h activity behaviors and body fat percentage (BFP) in Chinese preschool children using a compositional isotemporal substitution model (ISM).MethodsIn a cross-sectional design, 881 children aged 3–6 from urban and rural areas of Jiangxi Province were sampled. Activity behaviors, including sedentary behavior (SB), low-intensity physical activity (LPA), and moderate- to high-intensity physical activity (MVPA), were measured using accelerometers. Sleep patterns were assessed through questionnaires, and BFP was determined by bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA). The study employed compositional data analysis (CoDA) and ISM to estimate the impact of reallocating durations of different activity behaviors on BFP.ResultsHigher BFP was found in urban vs. rural children, decreasing with age. Overweight and obesity rates were 10.6% and 7.6%, respectively, above national averages. MVPA and LPA were negatively correlated with BFP, while SB was positively correlated.A 30-min MVPA reduction significantly increased zBFR, particularly in overweight children. Gender-specific nuances revealed that boys' MVPA negatively influenced zBFP (β = -0.155), P < 0.05), while girls' SB positively impacted zBFP (β = 0.636, P < 0.01). Isotemporal simulations emphasized amplified effects in overweight children, with boys' zBFR rising rapidly when MVPA was substituted and girls displaying a notable substitution effect between SB and LPA.ConclusionBFP is closely linked to 24-h activity behaviors, notably in overweight and obese preschoolers. ISM identified MVPA as a critical influencer, with a 30-min reduction substantially increasing BFP. Gender disparities were evident, implicating MVPA in boys and LPA and SB in girls.

Magmatic–hydrothermal stage recorded by mica zonation and Nb–Ta–W–Sn mineralization: New insight into the genesis of highly evolved Songshugang Nb–Ta deposit (Jiangxi, SE China)

The role of magmatic and hydrothermal processes in niobium-tantalum mineralization is still controversial and has been limited by a lack of mineralogical records in the evolving magmatic–hydrothermal system. Micas as essential rock-forming minerals and comprise the amount of elements (especially rare-metal elements), become one of the ideal indicator. The Songshugang rare-metal granite (RMG) located in the southern part of Jiangxi Province, China, is renowned as the largest tantalum reservoir in South China. The albite–topaz–K-feldspar granite is the major granite, with layers of pegmatite, topaz-K-feldspar granite, and greisen overlay on it. It is the typical highly evolved peraluminous with low phosphorous RMGs (PLP-type) according to geochemistry. The Songshugang pluton preserves analogical characters in topaz-albite-K feldspar granites and topaz-K feldspar granite, and partly reserves in greisen. Detailed petrographic, mineralogy, and chemical composition study of zoned mica and accessory Nb–Ta minerals suggest that zinnwaldite and Nb-Ta oxides have experienced magmatic fractionation with gradually decrease of K/Rb and Nb/Ta ratio in prismatic zinnwaldite and columbite-(Fe). The leap of Rb (Rb2O up to 4.08 wt%) and Ta (Ta# up to 0.29) at the rim of zinnwaldite and columbite is likely attributed to supersaturation. Afterwards the overgrowth of Rb-deficit zinnwaldite (0.56–0.72 wt% Rb2O) is coeval with the Ta-highest wodginite, taking place during the magmatic-hydrothermal transition associated with a fluid-melt interaction in hydrosaline melt. The ascent of fluxing elements contributes to the formation of hydrothermal zinnwaldite and cassiterite through greisenization. The systemic coupling mineralization of zinnwaldite and Nb–Ta oxides altogether record the both the melt-driven and fluid-driven processes in highly evolved Songshugang deposit that is critical for rare-metal mineralization. The Songshugang displays a great similarity to the typical PLP RMGs Cínovec cupola in geochemistry, which are metaluminous to peraluminous, containing low phosphorous, intermediate REE, Zr, Hf, and Th content. But Songshugang has experienced strong supersaturation; the latter is more akin to highly evolved melts alike Yichun or Beauvoir. The strong supersaturation and crystallization demonstrate its discrepant mineralization mechanism in Songshugang RMGs.

The Influence of Health Literacy among Undergraduates on Health-Promoting Lifestyles mediated by Health Behavior Self-Efficacy: Evidence from Jiangxi Province,China

Purpose This study aims to investigate the relationship between undergraduates' health literacy, health behavior self-efficacy, and health-promoting lifestyles. Method In April 2021, a survey was conducted with 1050 undergraduates from 9 universities in Jiangxi Province, utilizing Health Literacy Scales, Health Behavior Self-efficacy Scales, and Health-Promoting Lifestyle Revision Scales. Results (1) The average health literacy score among undergraduates was (66.17±10.01), with 81.6% of students having high or marginal health literacy. The average score for health-promoting lifestyles was (101.34±16.09), indicating an above-average level. The total score for health behavior self-efficacy was (89.23±18.43), indicating a general level of self-efficacy. (2) Positive correlations were found between undergraduates' health literacy, health behavior self-efficacy, and health-promoting lifestyles (r=0.259 ~ 0.759, P &lt; 0.05). (3) Health behavior self-efficacy was found to mediate the relationship between undergraduates' health literacy and health-promoting lifestyles. Conclusion To promote a healthy lifestyle among undergraduates, it is crucial to not only improve their health literacy but also enhance their health behavior self-efficacy.

Application of the Tracer Test in a Hydrogeological Survey for a Pumped Storage Power Station

In areas with complex hydrogeological conditions, the tracer test method is often used as an effective means in hydrogeological surveys. According to the results of tracer tests, hydrogeological parameters, including hydraulic gradient and permeability coefficient, fracture network leakage passages and their scale, and groundwater flow rate and direction can be quantitatively determined. This paper takes the upper reservoir of Yongxin Pumped Storage Power Station in Jiangxi Province as the research object, and focuses on the complex hydrogeological conditions of the upper reservoir. Three sets of tracer tests and multiple sets of single-hole flow rate and direction tests were conducted on the left and right banks of the reservoir and near surface gullies. The results showed that ZKS18 received tracers in all three tests, which indicates a close hydraulic connection between ZKS18 and the left bank, right bank, and surface gullies within the reservoir. Based on the single or multiple peak values of the tracer, it was determined that there are 1–6 leakage passages in the fractured rocks, with leakage passage sizes of 0.1–0.4 mm. According to the single-hole flow rate and flow direction tests, a self-developed instrument was used to determine the groundwater flow rate and flow direction at different depths in the test holes, which yielded results that were basically consistent with the results of the three-hole method. These results provide a basis for the use of tracer tests in hydrogeological surveys for water conservancy and hydropower engineering, and anti-seepage design of upper reservoirs.

Optimization and classification control of permanent basic farmland based on quality classification

Permanent basic farmland plays an important role in stabilizing agricultural production and ensuring national food security. Therefore, it is necessary to reasonably delineate and control permanent basic farmland. This article is based on the idea of classifying the quality of cultivated land resources, combined with the rules for the delineation of permanent basic farmland, and from the perspective of the synergy of “suitability-connectivity-stability” of cultivated land, a indicator system is constructed. Application of suitability, connectivity, and stability evaluation methods. Taking Zhangshu City, Jiangxi Province as an example, the status of cultivated land resources is comprehensively evaluated, and permanent basic farmland is optimized and graded for protection. The results show that: (1) the arable land in Zhangshu City is mainly of medium suitability, medium continuity and high stability. (2) Zhangshu City is divided into 43218.80 hm2 of permanent basic farmland, accounting for 79.35% of the total area of cultivated land. (3) Control and partition permanent basic farmland into three categories: core protected areas for permanent basic farmland, quality improvement areas, and key transformation areas. The above results indicate that this evaluation has a supportive role in supporting the spatial optimization and hierarchical management of permanent basic farmland, and is of great significance for the unified management of natural resources.

Investigating the intention and behavior of vegetable farmers to adopt IoT technology: survey—based evidence from China

A key instrument for upgrading China’s agriculture is the Internet of Things (IoT). To solve the problem of IoT technology promotion, farmers’ intentions to adopt IoT technology must be transformed into behavior, and their intentions and behaviors must be unified. The multivariate logistic model was used to analyses the factors influencing farmers’ intention to adopt IoT technology and behavioral deviation based on survey data of vegetable farmers in Jiangxi Province. The ISM model was used to investigate the relationship and hierarchy between the factors influencing farmers’ intention to adopt IoT technology and behavioral deviation. The findings revealed that first, a significant deviation exists between vegetable farmers’ IoT technology adoption intention and behavior, with 72.69% of those surveyed having the intention to adopt, but did not follow through. Second, among the 12 factors confirmed as remarkably influencing the deviation, expected return is the most superficial factor; intermediate influencing factors include vegetable price volatility, adoption cost, credit support, related knowledge and skills, and technology maturity; secondary factors include social capital, whether vegetables are registered trademarks, planting scale, planting method, and IoT related equipment supply; and age is the deepest root factor.

Comparison of Growth Performance, Nutritional Composition, and Muscle Transcriptome between Two Cultured Varieties of the Chinese Mitten Crab (Eriocheir sinensis)

This study evaluated the disparities in growth performance and nutritional composition between two common Chinese mitten crab varieties, “Jianghai 21” and “Changjiang 2”, cultured in Jiangxi Province. Over the breeding period, parameters such as body weight, height, carapace length and width, and lengths of the second and third legs exhibited increases. Growth indices of “Jianghai 21” surpassed those of “Changjiang 2” during the intermediate and late breeding phases. While “Changjiang 2” demonstrated significantly higher crude lipid content than “Jianghai 21”, the latter exhibited markedly higher levels of total amino acids (TAAs), essential amino acids (EAAs), and delectable amino acids. Although overall nutrient composition did not significantly differ, TAA and EAA contents in the hepatopancreas were notably greater in “Jianghai 21” than in “Changjiang 2”. Moreover, a total of 901 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified between the two varieties, with 560 upregulated and 341 downregulated. These DEGs were primarily associated with pathways related to fatty acid degradation, metabolism, and growth regulation. The observed variances in growth performance and nutrient composition between “Jianghai 21” and “Changjiang 2” suggest potential regulation by relevant genes. In summary, the results showed that the growth performance of “Jianghai 21” is greater than that of “Changjiang 2”, offering valuable insights for the selection of aquaculture varieties in the region.

Depressive symptoms, parenting attitude, and violent discipline among caregivers of left-behind children in rural China: a cross-sectional study

BackgroundThe situation of mental health and discipline behaviors of left-behind children’s caregivers were not optimistic in rural China. Caregivers’ depression might increase the risk of using violent discipline. However, the specific ways in which depressive symptoms impact violent discipline have rarely been explored in rural areas. This study aims to assess the prevalence of violent discipline among left-behind children under 6 years of age in rural China and explore the potential mechanisms of how caregivers’ depressive symptoms affect violent discipline.MethodsWe enrolled a total of 396 pairs of left-behind children and their caregivers in our study, which was conducted in 5 counties of Hebei, Henan, Jiangxi, Guizhou, and Sichuan provinces in China. The depressive symptoms of caregivers were measured by using Zung Self-rating Depression Scale (ZSDS) and violent discipline was assessed by the Child Discipline Module of Multiple Indicator Cluster Surveys (MICS). A self-designed questionnaire was utilized to measure caregiver’s parenting attitude. Based on the cross-sectional data, controlling for potential confounders, structural equation modeling (SEM) was used to assess the direct and indirect effects of the mediation models by applying the weighted least squares with mean and variance adjusted (WLSMV) estimate.ResultsThe prevalence of violent discipline, psychological aggression, and physical punishment was 72.7%, 59.3%, and 60.4% respectively of left-behind children under 6 years of age. According to the results of SEM, parenting attitude acted as a suppressor, suppressing the association between caregivers’ depressive symptoms and physical punishment/psychological aggression/violent discipline. The caregivers’ depressive symptoms positively influenced all the outcome variables by affecting parenting attitudes (p = 0.002, p = 0.013, p = 0.002).ConclusionsThe presence of depressive symptoms in caregivers increases the use of violent discipline through negative parenting attitudes. The mental health status of primary caregivers of left-behind children in rural China needed emphasis and improvement.

First report of leaf blight caused by Stemphylium lycopersici on Salvia splendens in China.

Salvia splendens is a popular ornamental plant in China with extensive potentials, including value in traditional Chinese medicine and in environmental restoration function (Li et al. 2008). In September 2019, leaf blight disease was observed on road side plants of S. splendens in Bayi park, Nanchang city, Jiangxi province, China. The typical symptoms appeared as irregular necrotic spots or leaf blight, accompanied by extensive scorch necrosis or ultimately defoliation. Small segments cut from diseased leaves were surface sterilized in a 2% sodium hypochlorite solution for 2 min and rinsed three times with sterile distilled water. Then, the samples were placed on potato dextrose agar (PDA) plates incubated at 25°C in darkness. Pure cultures were obtained by the hyphal tip method. Morphologically, all 11 colonies were identical to each other on PDA. Two strains, YZU 191468 and YZU 191481, were selected for further study and deposited in the Fungal Herbarium of Yangtze University (YZU), Jingzhou, Hubei, China. The 7-day-old colonies were circular, 53 to 56 mm in diameter, and consisted of white mycelium with a buff margin, and were cinnamon colored in the center of the reverse side. To examine conidial morphology, the mycelium was transferred onto potato carrot agar (PCA) and incubated at 23°C with a period of 8 h light/16 h dark for 7 days. Conidia were normally solitary or two in a chain, ellipsoid or long ellipsoid, beakless, 10 to 23×30 to 60 µm in size (n=50). Based on morphology, the isolates were consistent with Stemphylium lycopersici (Yamamoto 1960). To confirm the identification, genomic DNA was extracted from both isolates and used to amplify the internal transcribed spacer rDNA region (ITS), glyceraldehydes-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GAPDH) and calmodulin (CAL) genes with primer pairs ITS5/ITS4, gpd1/gpd2, and CALDF1/CALDR2, respectively (Woudenberg et al. 2017). Sequences were deposited in GenBank with accession numbers OP564983 and OP564984 (ITS), OP892529 and OP892530 (GAPDH), OP584970 and OP584971 (CAL). A neighbor-joining tree was constructed with Mega 7.0 based on the combined dataset with 1,000 bootstrap replicates. The resulting phylogenetic tree showed that the strains from S. splendens clustered with S. lycopersici (CBS 122639 and CBS 124980) supported with 100% bootstrap values. The molecular analyses confirmed that the species causing leaf blight symptoms was S. lycopersici. To test pathogenicity, healthy leaves of S. splendens were surface sterilized and inoculated by mycelium blocks (6 mm in diameter) and spore suspension (1×106 spore/mL) of representative strains YZU 191468 and YZU 191481, respectively. Controls were inoculated with blocks of PDA and sterile water. Each strain was inoculated on three leaves of a plant. One clean plant was used as control. The test was replicated three times. After inoculation, the plants were covered with plastic bags and incubated in a greenhouse (25℃, 80 % relative humidity, 8 h light/16 h dark). After 5 days, the inoculated leaves exhibited dark brown spots with white mycelium, followed by withering of necrotic tissues. There were no symptoms observed on the controls. The fungal isolates inoculated leaves had the same morphological characteristics as the strains used for inoculation. S. lycopersici has been found on eggplant and Zinnia elegans in China (He et al. 2019; Yang et al. 2017). To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report of S. lycopersici causing leaf blight on S. splendens in China. This finding offers a new reference for the management and control of S. splendens leaf diseases in China.

Identification of bottlenecks and solutions for secondary school music teachers’ career development in Jiangxi Province based on data mining

Identification of bottlenecks and solutions for secondary school music teachers’ career development in Jiangxi Province based on data mining

Thermodynamics of charged black holes in Maxwell-dilaton-massive gravity* *Supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China (2020YFC2201400). D. C. Zou is supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (12365009), and the Natural Science Foundation of Jiangxi Province, China (20232BAB201039)

Considering the nonminimal coupling of the dilaton field to the massive graviton field in Maxwell-dilaton-massive gravity, we obtain a class of analytical solutions of charged black holes, which are neither asymptotically flat nor (A)dS. The calculated thermodynamic quantities, such as mass, temperature, and entropy, verify the validity of the first law of black hole thermodynamics. Moreover, we further investigate the critical behaviors of these black holes in the grand canonical and canonical ensembles and find a novel critical phenomenon never before observed, known as the "reverse" reentrant phase transition with a tricritical point. It implies that the system undergoes a novel "SBH-LBH-SBH" phase transition process and is the reverse of the "LBH-SBH-LBH" process observed in reentrant phase transitions.

Analysis of house damage and prevention strategies for cut slope house-building landslides in tectonically weak and humid hilly areas: a case study of Jiangxi Province

Analysis of house damage and prevention strategies for cut slope house-building landslides in tectonically weak and humid hilly areas: a case study of Jiangxi Province

Effects of species mixing on maximum size-density relationships in Chinese fir (Cunninghamia lanceolata (Lamb.) Hook.)-dominated mixed forests converted from even-aged pure stands.

Density management is a key silvicultural tool in management programs that enhances compositional and structural diversity and hence forest growth during the conversion of even-aged pure stands into mixed forests. To determine the optimum stand density, a model of maximum size-density relationships was employed to explore the relationship of the self-thinning trajectory with growth, species mixing, latitude, and site conditions during the transition of even-aged pure Chinese fir stands to Chinese fir-dominated mixed forests using stochastic frontier analysis. Data were obtained from a total of 591 permanent plots located in Fujian, Jiangxi, Zhejiang, and Anhui provinces in southern China. The results showed that (1) the slope of the maximum size-density relationship of Chinese fir-dominated mixed forests increased and plateaued over time; (2) the slope of the maximum size-density relationship of Chinese fir-dominated mixed forests did not deviate from Reineke's assumed universal slope of -1.605; and (3) mixing proportion had a positive effect on maximum size-density relationships, and latitude and site conditions had the opposite effect on maximum size-density relationships. Our findings will provide valuable guidance for the forest management of areas in which even-aged pure stands are being converted to mixed forests (i.e., when broadleaved tree species are planted after thinning to improve overall stand density and promote stand growth).