Region Of Jaw Research Articles

Clinical Outcomes and Safety Profile of a Dextranomer-Hyaluronic Acid Hybrid Filler: A Case Series Analysis.

The demand for aesthetic treatments targeting the middle and lower face is on the rise, especially because of changes in appearance associated with aging. This study aimed to assess the use of a hybrid filler for sculpting and contouring of the chin, jaw, and malar region. A retrospective analysis was performed on patients who underwent jaw and chin contouring and cheek augmentation using a hybrid filler (hyaluronic acid and dextranomer). The evaluation focused on the naturalness of appearance, enhancement in volume, and the durability of the results, employing a 5-point scale. Both patient satisfaction and physician evaluations were measured using the Likert scale and the Global Aesthetic Improvement Scale (GAIS), respectively. Follow-up with patients extended up to 6 months after treatment, during which any treatment-related adverse events (AEs) were meticulously recorded and analyzed. Nineteen patients participated in the study, receiving an average injection volume of 2.4 ± 0.9 mL to attain the desired outcomes. The evaluation of natural appearance, volumizing effects, and durability at the analyzed time point consistently scored above 4. All 19 patients' aesthetic improvement was evaluated as "very much improved" and "much improved", at the GAIS score. All patients report improvement in their appearance, with 89.5% rating it as "very much improved" or "much improved" on the Likert scale. Only expected AEs such as mild pain and lower swelling were registered. The hybrid filler proved effective and safe for facial contouring, with significant patient satisfaction and minimal adverse effects.

Periderm fate and independence of tooth formation are conserved across osteichthyans

BackgroundPrevious studies have reported that periderm (the outer ectodermal layer) in zebrafish partially expands into the mouth and pharyngeal pouches, but does not reach the medial endoderm, where the pharyngeal teeth develop. Instead, periderm-like cells, arising independently from the outer periderm, cover prospective tooth-forming epithelia and are crucial for tooth germ initiation. Here we test the hypothesis that restricted expansion of periderm is a teleost-specific character possibly related to the derived way of early embryonic development. To this end, we performed lineage tracing of the periderm in a non-teleost actinopterygian species possessing pharyngeal teeth, the sterlet sturgeon (Acipenser ruthenus), and a sarcopterygian species lacking pharyngeal teeth, the axolotl (Ambystoma mexicanum).ResultsIn sturgeon, a stratified ectoderm is firmly established at the end of gastrulation, with minimally a basal ectodermal layer and a surface layer that can be homologized to a periderm. Periderm expands to a limited extent into the mouth and remains restricted to the distal parts of the pouches. It does not reach the medial pharyngeal endoderm, where pharyngeal teeth are located. Thus, periderm in sturgeon covers prospective odontogenic epithelium in the jaw region (oral teeth) but not in the pharyngeal region. In axolotl, like in sturgeon, periderm expansion in the oropharynx is restricted to the distal parts of the opening pouches. Oral teeth in axolotl develop long before mouth opening and possible expansion of the periderm into the mouth cavity.ConclusionsRestricted periderm expansion into the oropharynx appears to be an ancestral feature for osteichthyans, as it is found in sturgeon, zebrafish and axolotl. Periderm behavior does not correlate with presence or absence of oral or pharyngeal teeth, whose induction may depend on ‘ectodermalized’ endoderm. It is proposed that periderm assists in lumenization of the pouches to create an open gill slit. Comparison of basal and advanced actinopterygians with sarcopterygians (axolotl) shows that different trajectories of embryonic development converge on similar dynamics of the periderm: a restricted expansion into the mouth and prospective gill slits.

Diaphragmatic myoclonus post cerebellar hemorrhage: a case report

BackgroundDiaphragmatic myoclonus is a rare motor disorder that affects muscle tone. It is characterized by involuntary movements of the abdominal wall and rhythmic, repetitive contractions of the accessory or respiratory muscles, all of which are innervated by the cervical nerve roots.Case descriptionWe reviewed the case of a 57-year-old male patient who underwent surgery for a left cerebellar hemorrhage. He exhibited persistent myoclonus in the palate, jaw, and thoracoabdominal region. Following treatment, there was a significant reduction in flutter amplitude in these areas.ConclusionThe clinical rarity and variability of presentations often make diagnosis challenging and delayed. It is believed that this condition stems from abnormal excitation within the central nervous system or neural pathways that involve the phrenic nerve. Another potential mechanism is the direct irritation of the diaphragm. Ultrasound, chest fluoroscopy, and electromyography (EMG) can support the diagnosis. Various pharmacological and surgical treatments have been tried, yet specific treatment guidelines are still lacking.

Biomechanical Evaluation of the Osseointegration Levels of Implants Placed Simultaneously With Tibia, Femur, and Jaw Allogeneic Bone Grafts.

In implant-supported prosthetic treatments, the jaw bones may not always have enough bone to accommodate implants. Allogeneic grafts can also be preferred as an alternative to autogenous grafts in cases of vertical and horizontal bone deficiencies. The aim of this study is to evaluate the osseointegration levels of lathe-faced titanium implants placed together with allogeneic bone tissue transplants obtained from tibia, femur, and mandible bones using a biomechanical method. Twenty-eight female Sprague Dawley rats were included in the study. The subjects were divided into groups where bone transplantations were performed together with implant placement from the tibia (n=7), femur (n=7), and lower jaw (n=7) regions. Four rats (left and right) were used as donors. Grafts, along with implants, were surgically placed in the corticocancellous part of the metaphyseal parts of the tibia bones of rats. At the end of the 2-week experimental setup, all rats were killed, and the implants and surrounding bone tissues were subjected to biomechanical reverse torque analysis (N/cm), no statistical difference was detected in terms of bone-implant fusion between the groups in which the femur and tibia bones were transplanted (P>0.05), while the bone-implant fusion value in the group in which the lower jaw bone was transplanted was found to be statistically higher than the femur and tibia bones (P<0.05). Based on the limited results of this study, it can be thought that the lower jaw allogeneic jawbone has a higher osseointegration potential than allogeneic grafts obtained from the femur and tibia.

Immediate single-tooth implant placement in bony defect sites: A 10-year randomized controlled trial.

It is unclear whether an intact buccal bony plate is a prerequisite for immediate implant placement in postextraction sockets. The aim of this 10-year randomized controlled trial was to compare peri-implant soft and hard tissue parameters, esthetic ratings of, and patient-reported satisfaction with immediate implant placement in postextraction sockets with buccal bony defects ≥5mm in the esthetic zone versus delayed implant placement after alveolar ridge preservation. Patients presenting a failing tooth in the esthetic region and a buccal bony defect ≥5mm after an extraction were randomly assigned to immediate (Immediate Group, n=20) or delayed (Delayed Group, n=20) implant placement. The second-stage surgery and provisional restoration placement occurred 3months after implant placement in both groups, followed by definitive restorations 3months thereafter. During a 10-year follow-up period, marginal bone levels (primary outcome), buccal bone thickness, soft tissue parameters, esthetics, and patient-reported satisfaction were recorded. The mean marginal bone level change was -0.71±0.59mm and -0.36±0.39mm in the Immediate Group and the Delayed Group after 10years (p=0.063), respectively. The secondary outcomes were not significantly different between both groups. Marginal bone level changes, buccal bone thickness, clinical outcomes, esthetics, and patients' satisfaction following immediate implant placement, in combination with bone augmentation in postextraction sockets with buccal bony defects ≥5mm, were not statistically different to those following delayed implant placement after ridge preservation in the esthetic zone. Immediate implant placement in case of a failing tooth is a favorable treatment option for patients because it considerably shortens treatment time and the number of surgical treatments. The question is if an intact buccal bone wall is necessary for immediate implant placement. A 10-year study was performed in which 20 patients with a failing tooth in the frontal region of the upper jaw were treated with immediate implant placement and were compared with 20 patients in whom a more conventional treatment strategy was followed in which the failing tooth was first removed and the bone gap restored and the implant placed in a second step. After a 10-year follow-up period, it appeared that the bone around the implant was very stable, gums were healthy, and patients were very satisfied with the result. There was no difference between the two treatment procedures. Such results mean that professionals can discuss the procedure with the patient and apply the individual's preference.

Patient management with Head and Neck tumors-A nationwide data collection in oral and maxillofacial surgery.

This study analyzed oncologic patient management from initial tumor diagnosis to tumor follow-up in oral and maxillofacial surgery (OMFS) in Germany. A dynamic online questionnaire with a total of 44 questions was used to generate general and specific data regarding oncologic patient management with head and neck malignancies, supportive care, and (pre-) rehabilitation from initial tumor diagnosis to tumor follow-up and head and neck cancer center (HNCC) structures in OMFS in Germany. The questionnaire was sent to 81 OMFS departments affiliated with the German-Austrian-Swiss Working Group for Tumors of the Jaw and Facial Region (DÖSAK) and the German Association of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery (DGMKG). Data analysis was conducted descriptively. Forty-eight OMFS departments participated (response rate 59.26%), of which 36/48 (75%) were certified HNCC. 28/34 (82.4%) reported subjective improvements in oncologic care, most often interdisciplinary collaboration (21/33, 63.64%) and clinic structure changes (21/34, 61.76%). Nearly all OMFS departments present patients in multidisciplinary tumor boards (45/46, 97.83%) and aim for osseous reconstruction post-tumor resection (43/44, 97.73%). Significant discrepancies regarding the frequency of masticatory-functional dental rehabilitation following osseous reconstruction were observed. Before oncologic therapy, patients are offered various supportive services, mostly psychotherapy and psycho-oncological support (24/26, 92.31%). Post-therapy, speech therapy (43/43, 100%), physiotherapy (40/43, 93.02%), lymphatic drainage, and follow-up rehabilitation (39/43, 90.7%, respectively) are most often offered. 17/43 (39.53%) have oncological nursing staff. 36/40 (90%) manage patients and side effects during adjuvant therapy, while 5/41 (12.2%) provide proprietary palliative care. 36/41 (87.8%) offer counseling to patients and families. Oncologic patient care in OMFS is highly standardized and potentially attributable to many certified HNCCs in Germany. Certain treatment aspects are handled differently, possibly due to institution-specific reasons. The high homogeneity in treatment protocols reflects the widespread high and comparable treatment quality of head and neck malignancies in OMFS in Germany.

Region-specific gene expression profiling of early mouse mandible uncovered SATB2 as a key molecule for teeth patterning

Mammalian dentition exhibits distinct heterodonty, with more simple teeth located in the anterior area of the jaw and more complex teeth situated posteriorly. While some region-specific differences in signalling have been described previously, here we performed a comprehensive analysis of gene expression at the early stages of odontogenesis to obtain complete knowledge of the signalling pathways involved in early jaw patterning. Gene expression was analysed separately on anterior and posterior areas of the lower jaw at two early stages (E11.5 and E12.5) of odontogenesis. Gene expression profiling revealed distinct region-specific expression patterns in mouse mandibles, including several known BMP and FGF signalling members and we also identified several new molecules exhibiting significant differences in expression along the anterior–posterior axis, which potentially can play the role during incisor and molar specification. Next, we followed one of the anterior molecules, SATB2, which was expressed not only in the anterior mesenchyme where incisor germs are initiated, however, we uncovered a distinct SATB2-positive region in the mesenchyme closely surrounding molars. Satb2-deficient animals demonstrated defective incisor development confirming a crucial role of SATB2 in formation of anterior teeth. On the other hand, ectopic tooth germs were observed in the molar area indicating differential effect of Satb2-deficiency in individual jaw regions. In conclusion, our data provide a rich source of fundamental information, which can be used to determine molecular regulation driving early embryonic jaw patterning and serve for a deeper understanding of molecular signalling directed towards incisor and molar development.

Occlusal Changes Following Single Dental Implant Placement in the Posterior Region of Jaws: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Inserting a single implant in the posterior region is one of the most common procedures for replacing a missing posterior tooth. However, the impact of implant location on bite force distribution and occlusal forces remains unclear. To investigate the occlusal changes following single-implant crown placements in the posterior region, a systematic review and meta-analysis was conducted. A comprehensive search was performed across seven databases using Boolean operators and MeSH keywords. The study adhered to Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines to ensure transparency and minimize bias. Six studies met the inclusion criteria. The meta-analysis revealed that single-implant crown placements significantly alter the distribution of bite and occlusal forces over time. The mean differences (MDs) in relative occlusal forces (ROF, μm) between implants and controls at two weeks, three months, six months, 12 months, 24 months, and 36 months were -6.31 μm, -1.53 μm, -2.09 μm, -0.10 μm, 2.91 μm, and 7.01 μm, respectively. The overall effect of the meta-analysis was -0.71 μm, although this was not statistically significant (P = 0.54). Subgroup analysis showed considerable heterogeneity between different time periods (P < 0.00001, I² = 89.8%). Additionally, a significant increase in the distribution of bite force (N) was observed post-implantation, with an MD of 1.00 N (0.86, 1.15) and high statistical significance (P < 0.00001). These findings indicate that single-implant crown placement in the posterior region leads to significant shifts in the distribution of both biting forces (N) and ROF (μm) over time.

RARE ANATOMIC VARIATIONS: AGENESIS OF LEFT MENTAL FORAMEN COEXISTING WITH TWO RIGHT MENTAL FORAMINA

Knowledge about the proximity of important anatomical structures is crucial for all surgical interventions, including those in the lower jaw region. One of these important structures is the mental foramen, which transmits the mental nerve, whose branches provide sensory innervation to the chin, lower lip, and gingiva. The mental foramen variations can influence the effectiveness of the mental nerve anesthesia and can also be related to complications during surgical procedures such as implant placement, apicoectomy, vestibuloplasty, etc. We present a very rare case of agenesis of left mental foramen coexisting with two right mental foramina incidentally found in a patient examined by cone-beam computed tomography.

Ancient Egyptian scribes and specific skeletal occupational risk markers (Abusir, Old Kingdom)

Men with writing proficiency enjoyed a privileged position in ancient Egyptian society in the third millennium BC. Research focusing on these officials of elevated social status (“scribes”) usually concentrates on their titles, scribal statues, iconography, etc., but the individuals themselves, and their skeletal remains, have been neglected. The aim of this study is to reveal whether repetitive tasks and maintained postures related to scribal activity can manifest in skeletal changes and identify possible occupational risk factors. A total of 1767 items including entheseal changes, non-metric traits, and degenerative changes were recorded from the human remains of 69 adult males of well-defined social status categories from the necropolis at Abusir (2700–2180 BC). Statistically significant differences between the scribes and the reference group attested a higher incidence of changes in scribes and manifested themselves especially in the occurrence of osteoarthritis of the joints. Our research reveals that remaining in a cross-legged sitting or kneeling position for extended periods, and the repetitive tasks related to writing and the adjusting of the rush pens during scribal activity, caused the extreme overloading of the jaw, neck and shoulder regions.

Marsupialization of a maxillary cyst – case report.

Cysts of the upper and lower jaw are a usual radiographic finding, sometimes detected by chance, that affect the dentition and the adjacent anatomical structures. There have been described various approaches for their management, but two of them are nowadays applied, namely marsupialization and enucleation. The aim of this study is to assess marsupialization as a usual treatment for cystic lesions and highlight the usefulness of oral radiology in their diagnosis and treatment. A clinical case of maxillary cyst is presented. The patient visited the School of Dentistry and, after the clinical examination and radiographic images (OPG and CBCT), a wide cyst was diagnosed in the anterior left region of the upper jaw. The cyst had penetrated the buccal and palatal alveolar bone, as well as the osseous floor of the left nasal cavity. The surgeons suggested marsupialization as the best surgical choice. So, after patient's consent, teeth #23 and #24 were extracted and the cyst's epithelium was excised through their post-extraction alveoli. The formation of osseous bridge was monitored with regular CBCT imaging. This clinical case is being presented to highlight the value of marsupialization in managing large cysts.

Application of autogenous dentinal block to increase alveolar bone volume: a clinical case

Introduction. Materials based on extracted teeth in various studies have been radiographically and histologically proven to be effective in osteoplastic operations. These materials can be used in the form of crushed dentin matrix, a fragment of the tooth’s root and an autogenous dentin block. The purpose of this clinical case was to evaluate the effectiveness of using an autogenous dentin block to increase the alveolar process of the jaws in the preimplantation period.Description of a clinical case. Patient F., 30 years old, applied to the clinic of the Clinical Center of Maxillofacial, Plastic Surgery and Dentistry Russian University of Medicine with a complaint of a missing tooth in the frontal region of the lower jaw. At the time of treatment, the patient was already undergoing orthodontic treatment in another medical institution in Moscow. The patient underwent a clinical and radiological examination together with a prosthodontst. A diagnosis of «partial secondary adentia», «atrophy of the alveolar ridge in the frontal part of the lower jaw» and «dystopia of teeth 1.8, 2.8, 3.8, 4.8» was established. A comprehensive treatment plan has been drawn up. At the first stage, the patient underwent extraction of teeth 1.8, 2.8, 3.8, 4.8 for orthodontic indications with simultaneous bone grafting of the alveolar ridge in the area of the missing tooth 3.1. At the second stage, the patient underwent a trephine biopsy in the area of augmentation and installation of a dental implant in the area of missing tooth 3.1. The third stage was rational prosthodontic treatment on a dental implant in the department of prosthodontics.Results. The present study showed that autogenous dentinal block can serve as an alternative material for alveolar ridge augmentation.

Functional and morphological evaluation of the dentofacial system in patients with distal occlusion using ultrasonic diagnostic methods

Relevance. The integrity of the dentofacial system, significantly influenced by the functional condition of the masseter muscles (MM) and the morphological alterations in the alveolar bone, plays a crucial role in the outcome and duration of orthodontic treatment for distal occlusion. Ultrasonic diagnostic methods, due to their physiological compatibility, high information content, and ergonomic design, offer a preferable alternative for assessing and tracking these changes throughout orthodontic treatment.Materials and methods. This study included 55 individuals of both genders, aged 9-12, with either normal occlusions (NO) or distal occlusions (DO). Ultrasound examinations of the MM at rest and during maximum voluntary teeth clenching were conducted to evaluate MM thickness and echotexture. Ultrasonic densitometry measurements were conducted through the assessment of ultrasound transit velocity (UTV). This was carried out across the interalveolar bone with probes positioned on the buccal and oral sides between two neighboring teeth roots.Results. The findings indicated that DO patients had a notably thicker MM compared to their NO counterparts. Variations in MM echotexture were observed, with differences in the anechogenic and hyper echogenic zones. Recorded UTV values illustrated that the highest alveolar bone density in DO subjects was predominantly in the frontal regions of both jaws on the left side, whereas the lowest density was observed in the right lateral regions. For NO subjects, the highest density values were identified in the frontal region of the mandibular bone, with the lowest in the maxillary bone's lateral regions on both sides.Conclusion. The application of advanced ultrasonic diagnostic methods in this study facilitated a detailed functional and morphological analysis of the MM, as well as an evaluation of alveolar bone density in individuals with both distal and normal occlusions. The development of ultrasonic alveolar bone density chart from this research provides a valuable addition to dental examination protocols for patients undergoing orthodontic treatment.

Ameloblastoma Arising from Gorlins Cyst: A Rare Case Report

Gorlin cysts aka calcifying epithelial odontogenic cyst (CEOC) is a rather diverse clinical entity with a wide range of clinical and histopathological variants, posing a challenge to its accurate diagnosis. Complicating this, is the fact that most cystic and neoplastic variants are associated with benign tumors of the oral cavity, especially, Ameloblastoma. This case report entails that of a 27 year old male patient, who reported with complaints of a painful swelling over the left lower jaw region, and was subsequently diagnosed preoperatively as a case of CEOC but later on specimen in Toto histological evaluation revealed areas of Ameloblastomous changes.

Evaluation of Effect of Septilin™ and Calcium Hydroxide Intracanal Medicaments on Interappointment Flare-up and Healing of Apical Periodontitis-Pilot Study

ABSTRACT Background: Endodontic microflora comprises of multispecies, hence no single intracanal medicament can disinfect the root canal completely. Newer herbal medicaments need to be researched which may be more effective. Hence there was a need to evaluate and compare the effect of Septilin and calcium hydroxide intracanal medicaments on interappointment flare up and healing in apical periodontitis. Aim and objective: To evaluate and compare the effect ofcalcium hydroxide and septilin intracanal medicaments in interappointment flare up and periapical healing. Materials and Methods: Thirty patients with periapical lesions in the anterior region of jaw were selected. Intracanal medicaments were inserted as Group I -Calcium hydroxide(n=15) and Group IISeptilinTM (n=15). After 7 days the intracanal medicament was changed and obturation done after 15 days. Patients were evaluated clinically for VRS pain score at 1&amp;2 weeks and 1, 3 and 6 months. Radiographic evaluation using PAI index was done by two trained observers at interval of 1, 3 and 6 months. Results: showed no incidence of flare up. After three months there was significant change in the PAI score. At 6 months, 20% of calcium hydroxide group whereas 13.33% of SeptilinTM group had PAI score of 1. Conclusion: At 3 months the periapical healing in both groups was similar. At 6 months Calcium hydroxide group showed better healing as compared to SeptilinTM group.

A COMPARATIVE STUDY OF FULL MOUTH BLEEDING SCORE (FMBS) AND GINGIVAL INDEX LOE AND SILNESS (GILS) IN ASSESSING GINGIVAL STATUS OF CHILDREN AGED 10-14 YEARS

Aim: Comparative analysis of two gingival indices with different diagnostic thresholds and methods of application in recording the gingival status of the whole dentition in children aged 10-14 years. Materials and methods: The subjects of the current study were 457 children. The clinical periodontal examination is performed in 4 levels. Gingival status is objectified by inspection and probing using (1) provoked gingival bleeding by the full mouth bleeding score (FMBS) with a diagnostic threshold above 10% bleeding gingival units and (2) gingival index according to Loe and Silness (GILS), with a diagnostic threshold above 0. Results: Gingival inflammation could be detected in 64.3% of the children studied, with a mild form of plaque-induced gingivitis in 40% of them, concentrated mainly on the vestibular surfaces in the frontal regions of both jaws. In 87% of the same children studied, we recorded an initial degree of gingival inflammation with a gingival GILS index value above 0, also concentrated in the frontal areas of both dental arches.

The effect of tessellation on stiffness in the hyoid arch of elasmobranchs.

Tessellated cartilage forms much of the skeleton of sharks and rays, in contrast to most other aquatic vertebrates who possess a skeleton of bone. Interestingly, many species of sharks and rays also regularly generate exceptionally high forces in the execution of day-to-day activities, such as when feeding on bony fish, mammals, and hard-shelled invertebrates. Tessellated cartilage differs from other types of cartilage in that they are covered by an outer layer of small mineralized tiles (tesserae) that are connected by fibrous connective tissue. Tesserae, therefore, are hypothesized to play a role in stiffening the cartilaginous skeleton for food capture and other activities that require the generation of high forces. In this study, the hyomandibula and ceratohyal cartilages, which support the jaw and throat regions of sharks and rays, were tested under compressive load in a material testing system to determine the contribution of tesserae to stiffness. Previous hypotheses suggest an abrupt upward shift in the slope of the stress-strain curve in tessellated materials due to collision of tesserae. Young's Modulus (E) was calculated and used to evaluate cartilage stiffness in a range of elasmobranch species. Our results revealed that there was an abrupt shift in Young's Modulus for elements loaded in compression. We postulate that this shift, characterized by an inflection point in the stress-strain curve, is the result of the tesserae approaching one another and compressing the intervening fibrous tissue, supporting the hypothesis that tesserae function to stiffen these cartilages under compressive loading regimes. Using published data for nontessellated cartilage for comparison, we show that this shift is, as expected, unique to tessellated cartilage.

РЕЗУЛЬТАТЫ ПРИМЕНЕНИЯ КОЛЛАГЕНОВОГО МАТРИКСА ПРИ МЕНЕДЖМЕНТЕ МЯГКИХ ТКАНЕЙ В ОБЛАСТИ ДЕНТАЛЬНЫХ ИМПЛАНТАТОВ ВО ФРОНТАЛЬНОМ ОТДЕЛЕ ВЕРХНЕЙ ЧЕЛЮСТИ

The aim is to comparatively analyze the using of collagen matrix and free connective tissue graft in soft tissue thickness increase in the area of dental implants in the anterior region of the upper jaw.&#x0D; Materials and methods. 30 patients with partial absence of teeth and soft tissue thickness deficit in the anterior part of the upper jaw took part in the study. In the 1st group (n = 15) a free connective tissue graft (CTG) from the hard palate was transplanted, in the 2nd group (n = 15) a collagen matrix (CM) was used. The primary endpoint was the amount of soft tissue thickness gain 3 months after surgery. Secondary endpoints were: duration of surgery, severity of collateral edema and pain, amount of analgesic medication consumed, quality of life assessment, width of keratinized attached gingiva, and soft tissue aesthetics.&#x0D; Results. 3 months after augmentation the increase in soft tissue thickness from the vestibular surface was 0.86 ± 0.25 mm and 0.77 ± 0.26 mm (p = 0.34), from the occlusal surface - 0.46 ± 0.14 mm and 0.37 ± 0.18 mm (p = 0.137) in patients of the 1st and 2nd groups, respectively. The use of CM was characterized by less prolonged surgery (p = 0.002), less pronounced postoperative pain on the 1st and 3rd day (p = 0.007; p = 0.023), less consumption of analgesic drugs on the 1st, 3rd and 5th day (p = 0.014; p = 0.033; p = 0.002) and less reduction of patients' quality of life in the first 7 days after surgery (p = 0.023). When analyzing the "Pink Esthetics Scale" (PES) in patients, group 2 showed more pronounced inconsistencies in the assessment of the zenith level (p &lt; 0.001), less natural soft tissue contour (p &lt; 0.001) and more significant deficit of the alveolar ridge (p &lt; 0.001).&#x0D; Conclusion. Collagen matrixes make it possible to obtain soft tissue augmentation comparable with the use of CTG, to reduce the time of surgical intervention and to provide a more comfortable postoperative period. The use of autogenous grafts provides better results in terms of soft tissue aesthetics.

ADVANCEMENTS IN FACIAL JAW SURGERY: EXPLORING SURGICAL INTERVENTIONS AND MANAGEMENT OF FACIAL JAW DISEASES

Facial jaw surgery, encompassing a wide array of surgical procedures aimed at correcting structural anomalies, deformities, and diseases affecting the jaw region, has seen significant advancements in recent years. This article provides an overview of facial jaw surgery, including common conditions such as temporomandibular joint disorders, orthognathic surgery, and maxillofacial trauma. We explore the latest surgical techniques, technological innovations, and interdisciplinary approaches in the diagnosis, treatment, and management of facial jaw disorders, emphasizing improved patient outcomes and quality of life.

Detection of asymptomatic lesions in jaws from patient visiting King Saud University (KSU) College of Dentistry: A retrospective study

The aim of this study was to evaluate the detection of asymptomatic lesions of jaws in retrospective two-year panoramic radiographs from patients’ record visiting for treatment in the College of Dentistry, King Saud University, and accidentally noticed while patients visited for other reasons. Ninety-two (92) cases were selected for the study to detect asymptomatic lesions among 907 patients varying in age of 18 to 72 years (mean 38 years) and who visited the Dentistry College. The information was collected on a designed proforma by two examiners and calculated average. Seventy-six (76) were male and sixteen (16) females, including 79 (85.9%) radiopaque, 11 (12%) radiolucent, and 2 (2.2%) with mixed lesions. These results showed no significant gender differences. The selected cases were divided into three age groups 18-30, 31-50, and 51-72 years to detect different lesions, but the groups did not differ significantly. In this study, location-wise frequency of lesions in the anterior region of jaws were 2 (28.6%) in maxilla and 5 (71.4%) in mandible, whereas in the posterior region 7 (9.7%) were in maxilla and 65 (90.3%) in mandible. However, the study concluded that most of asymptomatic radiopaque lesions were found in the posterior region of mandible and more incidence being in young age group.