Javanese Literature Research Articles

Studi eksplorasi nilai-nilai Serat Wulang Putri Nyi Adisara: respon pembaca perempuan jawa masa kini

Serat Wulang Putri Nyi Adisara is a classic text that provides guidance on becoming an ideal Javanese woman. This study examines contemporary Javanese women's perceptions of the traditional values outlined in Serat Wulang Putri Nyi Adisara. The method used is a descriptive qualitative survey and a literary reception approach towards the views of female readers of the Javanese Literature Study Program and Javanese Language and Literature Education Study Program, FBS Unnes. Through a literary reception approach to the reader's view of Serat Wulang Putri Nyi Adisara, the interaction between traditional hopes and the reader's modern aspirations is explained. The findings in this research reveal an understanding of the values of Serat Wulang Putri Nyi Adisara among contemporary Javanese women. In Serat Wulang Putri Nyi Adisara women are taught to be patient, sincere, and obedient. This study contributes to a broader understanding of how these texts shape roles and how these roles evolve over time in response to social and cultural change. Keywords: Serat Piwulang, Nyi Adisara, woman, reception, literature

The Representation Of Translating Quranic Verses Based On Javanese Literature In The Form Of Tembang Macapat

The approach of Koran translation using Javanese literature needs to be represented in order to increase the potential for better acceptance of Koran translation by the Javanese community. The purpose of this study is to represent some Qur'anic verses to be translated using several types of tembang macapat, including tembang pangkur, tembang maskumambang, tembang dhandhanggula, and tembang megatruh. The method in this study uses a descriptive qualitative type of Koran verses that have been translated into Javanese based on the rules of tembang macapat, to then be analyzed using a content analysis approach to the rules in tembang macapat, as well as the suitability of the rules of guru gatra, guru lagu, and guru wilangan. The results of this research become one of the alternatives to the representation of how the Koran is translated into tembang macapat, as when translated it needs to contain a translation that does not violate the core meaning of the verse, and Javanese grammar that conforms to the level of use of krama and ngoko language, but still follows the rules of guru gatra, guru lagu, and guru wilangan in each type of tembang macapat.

Konektivitas Jawa-Bugis melalui Jalur Rempah Nusantara: Studi Komparasi Primbon Jawa dan Kutika Bugis

This research aims to compare the text contained in the Palintangan Palindhon Pakedutan Primbon Manuscript (Add 12311) in the collection of the British Library, which is in Javanese language, with the Kutika Ugi' Sakke Rupa (PRI/15/MMK/KKT 1530) in the collection of the Mulawarman Museum, East Kalimantan, which is in Bugis language. Both manuscripts contain text containing information on the quality of the days of the month. Both texts have the characteristics of primbon, namely a Javanese literary genre that contains various knowledge. Even though the Bugis people do not know the word primbon, the closeness of the Kutika Ugi' Sakke Rupa text to the Primbon Palintangan Palindhon Pakedutan shows that there is a connection between the two cultures that has been going on for a long time. Before the term primbon was known by Javanese people, namely during the Kawi era, the cross-culture was one of the impacts of trade activities on the spice route. Through the spice route, the two cultures are connected. The similarities and differences found in the two texts reinforce that the relationship between Javanese and Bugis is not only diplomatic but can also be found through material culture. This connection also explains that the similarities between the two are a monogenesis phenomenon.

The Transformation of the Character Sengkuni from Wicarita to Kakawin Bharatayuddha in the Perspective of Literary Anthropogeneology

This article attempts to provide an answer to the question of the transformation of the character Sengkuni. The study aimed to explain the transformation process of Sengkuni. The perspective used is literary anthropogenesis. The results of the discussion show that the character Sengkuni in Kakawin Bharatayuddha has undergone an aesthetically transformed process. The process of change is intertextual. Therefore, from the perspective of literary anthropogenesis, there are two important things to note about the character Sengkuni in Bharatayuddha. First, there is a concept of the influence of the Javanese philosophy of life that gives colour to Sengkuni from the works of Old (kuna) Javanese literature, new Javanese literature, and recent Javanese literature. The concept of influence in wayang literary studies is the development of Javanese personality values that are still valid and related to moral ethics. Secondly, there is a change in the form of the transformation of the character Sengkuni from wiracarita (an epic) to Javanese literary texts. The transformation of Sengkuni is still characterized by the noble Javanese personality, so there may be still a kind of judgment on the character Sengkuni as a metaphor for a wicked life. In the eyes of the Javanese, the character Sengkuni is often seen as evil.

Struktur Naratif Kakawin Nirartha Prakreta : Kajian Bahasa, Sastra, Dan Budaya

Bali is one of the regions in Indonesia helping maintain the richness of the archipelago in the form of literary works, one of which is Old Javanese literary works which are still well preserved today. Old Javanese literary works are special and relatively old literary ones because most of the literary works are from the IX and XV centuries (Zoetmulder, 1985: 18-25). The method used is the library study method and manuscript reading, namely using the listening method. The listening method is a method used to obtain data by listening to language use. The term listening here is not only related to the use of language orally, but also in writing (Mashun, 2005:90). Heuristic and hermeneutic reading is also used and assisted by note-taking and translation techniques. Based on the corpus of Kakawin Nirartha Prakrĕta, it can be concluded that the storyline contains a life picture of good and bad behavior in life which in Hinduism is called Subha Asubha Karma. This proves the narrative unit about dharma teachings (dharmasastra) which dominates the story content of Kakawin Nirartha Prakrĕta. It can be concluded that before interpreting a kakawin text we must first know its structureThe narrative structure that builds Kakawin Nirartha Prakrĕtha includes Manggala "opening section", corpus "content section", epilogue "concluding section". The three parts of the Kakawin Nirartha Prakrĕtha narrative structure certainly have a very close and interrelated relationship.

Raden Ngabehi Ronggowarsito: Sang Pujangga dan Pemikir Klasik dari Tanah Jawa

This study aims to: (1) find out the biography of a Ronggowarsito, (2) find out the relationship between working class in the fusion of political parties, (3) find out about working class as a means of perpetuating New Order power. This research was conducted using the historical method according to Kuntowijoyo. The results of this study reveal that within the Surakarta Hadiningrat Kasunanan Palace, there lived a poet named Raden Ngabehi Ronggowarsito. As a poet as well as a thinker, he produced many works which are still used as guidelines today. This is evident in several masterpieces of classical Javanese literature such as: the Chandrarini Fiber which contains various discourses for family life, the Wirid Hidayat Jati Fiber, the Mardawa Lagu Fiber, the Iber-Iber Fiber and the Paramasastra Fiber. Ronggowarsito's understanding contained in some of his literature also provides a strong foundation for historical philosophy, although not necessarily as specific as some western philosophers such as Hegel, Karl Marx and Toynbee. Some of his essays, such as the Sabdajati Fiber and the Paramayoga Fiber, do indeed contain elements of historical philosophy where the strong element of the king is the orientation of a historical event. The concept of history written by Rnggowarsito is synonymous with progress where a historical event is not just an event in the past but as an effort to organize the future. Ronggowarsito's thoughts related to the philosophy of history can be seen in the Serat Kalathida which regulates the periodization or characterization of the universe and the elaboration of social conditions.

Reading Javanese Literature with Questions of Theory in Mind

Reading Javanese Literature with Questions of Theory in Mind

Laut Dalam Perspektif Teologi Hindu Pada Susastra Jawa Kuno

The ocean is in an increasingly severe ecological crisis, which has an impact on the crisis of the universe at large. The attitude of people who are increasingly moving away from tradition and traditional sources of reference and prioritizing worldliness is thought to be one of the causes of the marine crisis. Therefore, efforts to encourage people to manage the sea more wisely must continue to be encouraged. This article aims to examine the local wisdom of the sea in ancient Javanese literature from the perspective of Hindu theology and to contribute to raising public awareness through a more complete and comprehensive understanding of the sea. The method used in the research is a qualitative method using Old Javanese literary texts as the main data source. The reading method was used in data collection assisted by the techniques of script transfer, language transfer, and recording. Data analysis was carried out by applying the content analysis method based on the working principles of semiotic theory. The result found is that the narrative of the sea in Old Javanese literature has a Hindu theological dimension. The sea is understood in a cross-section of Hindu theology starting with the awareness of the Impersonal God (Nirguna Brahman) by calling God Sang Hyang Adisuksma, towards the awareness of the Personal God (Saguna Brahman) by calling God as Lord Baruna, worshiped as an istadewata whose role is to control the laws of the universe (rta). The sea (segara) is glorified as a pair of mountains (giri) in the conception of segara-giri is a sacred axis in Hindu life, both as a source of life, a source of disaster and disease and a source of liberation. The theological construction of Old Javanese literature is imbued with Hindu theology as mandated by the Vedas.

Selir Wandhan dalam Panji Jayalengkara Angreni: Tinjauan Sastra Bandingan Teks Panji dan Babad

Panji’s literary works in Java became a form of sign or pasemon in Javanese culture. Many of the narratives in Panji’s texts relate to Javanese traditional historiography. This research will focus on the story about Putri Wandhan in the Panji Jayalengkara Angreni text and the Babad texts. This study uses a comparative literary method and considers that Putri Wandhan’s narrative in the Panji Jayalengkara Angreni text contains a collective memory of history in the past. The emergence of the narrative about Putri Wandhan in Panji Jayalengkara Angreni and other Javanese literature is due to the contact of the Javanese and East Indonesian people in the past. In this study it was found that the story of Putri Wandhan describes the efforts of Javanese poets in the past to show the superiority of the Javanese kingdoms. In addition, this story is also a pasemon of the political life of the kingdoms in Java in the past. The story of the concubine from Wandhan in Panji Jayalengkara Angreni is an attempt to describe the superiority of the Javanese kings and an effort to honor their ancestors.

Eksistensi Cerita Cupak Gerantang Pada Masyarakat Bali dan Lombok

The story of Cupak Gerantang is existence in Bali and Lombok society. This story is a continuation of Old Javanese literature which existed rapidly during the Majapahit Empire. In Bali, this story is written on palm leaves (called ntal) in geguritan form or song story. That’s a continuation of Old Javanese literature which developed rapidly during the glory of the Gelgel Kingdom era. In Lombok, the Cupak Gurantang story is also a continuation of Old Javanese literature, is written in palm leaves too (called takepan) in the Sasak language. The main problem that becomes the topic of discussion include three question. How are existed the Cupak Gerantang story in Bali and Lombok. How are similarties of the Cupak Gerantang story in Bali and Cupak Gurantang story in Lombok. How to use the Cupak Gerantang story for Balinese and Lombok people. Data collection used in-depth interviews, observation, and literature. This method is used to collect qualitative data from primary and secondary data. Based on the results of data collection, the Cupak Gerantang story in Bali and Lombok have similarities. The similarities appear in the origins, storylines, values, and moral messages. The difference lies in the location setting, the names of the supporting characters, and the method of staging. Both, in Bali and Lombok the Cupak Gurantang story used as entertainment, information media, suggestive function, and veiled resistance. In this story contain to as moral values including the value of togetherness, mutual help, and ethics. That are used as a reference for human activity.

Union with God: Cross Textual Reading in Surat Centhini VI and John 15: 1-8

The article wants to analyze the meaning of “union with God” in Javanese literature, Surat Centhini and in the Christian bible, John 15: 1-8. John Gospel has one focuses on the need of human beings to have a deep relationship with God. the same idea also can be found in Javanesse text, Surat Centhini. Both has the same purpose of spiritual life that is union with God or manunggaling kawula Gusti. The methodology will employ "cross-textual reading". The method seeks to provide space for readers to understand the text of the Holy Scriptures in the context of religious diversity, such as in Indonesia. The study wants to juxtapose the concept of manunggaling kawula Gusti which is taken from Serat Centhini VI, the song Gurisa pupuh 368:46-56 with the Gospel of John about the true vine. Hopefully this contextual theology effort will be able to contribute to theological reflection about relation between humans and God on the Javanese culture.

Money, Morality, and Modernity: A Javanese Remake of a 1930 American Whodunnit in 1960s Indonesia

Abstract Suparto Brata (1932–2015) belongs to the pioneers of the Western model of the whodunnit in modern Javanese literature. His early (1962) work Pethité Njai Blorong (The Tail of Nyai Blorong) is a remake of the 1930 whodunnit While the Patient Slept by the US crime novelist Mignon G. Eberhart (1899–1996), which is a murder mystery in true Agatha Christie fashion. This article shows how Suparto Brata did not simply reproduce Eberhart’s detective story in a postcolonial Indonesian setting but thoroughly and successfully reworked it until it hardly resembled its prototype anymore, turning a foreign example into a veritable modernist Javanese kind of Bildungsroman that mirrored 1960s Indonesian societal issues under the shadow of Sukarno’s nationalist policies and catastrophic economic conditions.

Indo—Netherlands Subalternity in Post-Independence Javanese Literature Social Portrait

The independence of a nation creates a new perspective on specific communities. Those odds with the general view are wrong and mistaken. This situation often happened to Indo-Dutch groups outside politics who were not involved in the hierarchies of past political practices. Indo-Dutch society in post-independence Indonesia is in the flow of national transitional cultural interests. Novel Godhane Prawan Indo Asmara's work tells of cultural pressures that affect the psychology of an Indo-Dutch girl named Evie Tavernier. This paper examines the figure of Evie Tavernier as part of the social reality of post-independence subalternities. The analysis results concluded that the independence of the Indonesian side gave rise to a cultural and identity revolution. The cultural defeat of the West over its colonial lands gave rise to a counter-identity: the East, which has the right to itself. Rapid socio-cultural changes become a dilemma because of the reversal of power. As a minority, even though indigenous figures accept Evie Tavernier, they do not necessarily unite in the mainstream of the majority culture. He remains alone and independent of other identities, out of the vortex of culture around him. He is in the vortex of the cultural power of local figures during his condition of being marginalized by the community association. In Gayatri Spivak's view, the character of Evie Tavernier is a picture of a subaltern or other in the currents of Dutch-Indonesian culture.

The Transition Of Women's Ideology In Modern Javanese Literature

<p>Abstract<br />This study aims to analyze the struggle for women's idealism in modern Javanese literature. The approach used is ideological hegemony and content analysis methods to classify and analyze data from one classical Javanese literary work and two modern Javanese literary works, namely "Serat Wulang Putri" by Nyai Adisara, Novel "Larasati Modern" by Sri, "Katresnan" by Soeratman Sastradihardja, and "Nona Sekretaris" by Suparto Brata. The results of the study show that the development of women's idealistic thinking begins with an inner strength that is patient and accepts the rights of the husband, to become equal friends with men. In the classical period, a restriction only focused on the domestic realm. Even though the reality of the domestic realm still existed in later times, those who had education, independence, and personal wisdom became part of the renewal process. As for the older generation, there is friction over traditional customs in society. What used to be a fixed standard of action has been adapted by itself along with educational developments and foreign cultural influences.</p><p>Keywords: Ideology, hegemony, women, Javanese Culture, Modern Javanese Literature.</p>

Eroticism in Modern Javanese Poetry (Geguritan); an Analysis with a Semiotic Approach

This article intends to highlight the expressions and depictions of symbols and meanings of eroticism that are present in modern Javanese poetry texts (geguritan) as a form of Javanese literature and cultural products of society. This study seeks to reveal the symbols and meanings of eroticism that are expressed in the text of the modern Javanese poem geguritan entitled "Aku lan Dheweke" by Poer Adhi Prawoto, a poet who is also known as a critic of moderen Javanese literature. The formulation of the problem in this article is 1) How is eroticism expressed in the geguritan “Aku lan Dheweke” by Poer Adhie Prawoto? 2) What are the symbols and meanings implied in the geguritan “Aku lan Dheweke” by Poer Adhi Prawoto? The aims of this article are 1) To describe the form of erotic expression in the geguritan “Aku lan Dheweke” by Poer Adhie Prawoto. 2) Reveal the symbols and meanings implied in the erotic geguritan “Aku lan Dheweke” by Poer Adhi Prawoto. Methodologically the approach used in this research is descriptive qualitative with a paradigm of critical analysis of cultural studies. Qualitative descriptive research reveals the analyzed data by providing detailed and in-depth descriptions of each problem formulation. The theoretical approach uses a semiotic approach. Semiotics is a science or method of analysis to study signs. Signs are tools that we use in trying to find a way in this world, in the midst of humans and with humans. 
 Keywords: Eroticism, Modern Javanese Poetry, Semiotic

Metaphorical Adjectives Describing Human in Javanese

This study examines metaphorical adjectives describing humans in Javanese. The metaphorical adjective is literally used to describe nouns other than humans but figuratively used to describe humans. This study aims to describe metaphorical adjectives used to characterize humans figuratively based on their meaning type. This study used a descriptive qualitative approach. The data in this study are adjectives used to describe humans in Javanese metaphorically. The data corpus is taken from written and oral sources. The written sources are taken from the Dictionary of Baoesastra Djawa written by Poerwadarminta dan Javanese Dictionary written by the Language Center Team of Yogyakarta and a Javanese short story from the anthology of Javanese literature short story 2007 Kidung Megatruh (22 short stories) and short story of Yogyakarta Javanese in 2000-2010 (87 short stories). Data analysis techniques are inductive, with identification and classification techniques following research objectives. Based on the result, 43 adjectives are used to describe humans with metaphorical meanings. The adjectives are divided into six types: adjectives of positive character marker, negative character marker, positive mental condition marker, negative mental condition marker, positive physical condition marker, and negative physical condition marker. The use of metaphorical adjectives explaining humans in Javanese shows that the creativity of Javanese linguists is good at utilizing existing lexicons to express ideas by distorting their meaning without creating a new lexicon.

Panji Jayalengkara Angreni: Jalinan Kisah Panji dalam Sastra Tulis dan Kesenian

Panji Jayalengkara Angreni which is one part of the Panji Angreni variety has a close relationship with oral and written traditions. With the existence of multi-layered traditions and a very broad corpus, it is necessary to describe the distribution of traditions, especially in the realm of Javanese culture in Surakarta. Thus, this study aims to reveal the relationship between the oral and written traditions of Panji Jayalengkara Angreni. In revealing this relationship, it is necessary to understand that the manuscript and oral traditions are a unity as a basic foundation. This study uses a qualitative method and is based on a research method that combines manuscript writing traditions and artistic traditions, as was done by Vickers on the Malat text. As a limitation, the search for the corpus of written and oral literature is only focused on the Surakarta tradition, especially those related to oral literature in performing art. The text of Panji Angreni appears in the literary tradition of the northern coast of Java which developed with additions and recompositions. Panji Angreni Palembang as the oldest text shows the form of Panji Angreni which is still much influenced by Old Javanese literature. Panji Angreni developed by being combined with the story of Jayalengkara in the Surakarta era.The relationship between Panji Jayalengkara Angreni's written text and oral text is evident in the realm of wayang, dance, and musical performances. This relationship is not just a one-way relationship, but a reciprocal relationship between written and oral traditions.
 Keywords: Panji; oral tradition; written tradition; wayang.

Kritik Sosial dalam Geguritan “Dunga Munggah Pangkat” Karya Budi Palopo

The purpose of making this article is to find out the incompatibility of the work of Javanese literature on Geguritan Budi Palopo with the title "Dungo Mupload Rank" to be applied in daily life practice. This research based on the theory of the sociology of literature uses qualitative research, which is in line with the opinion (Ratna, 2013: 47) in (Autoridad Nacional del Servicio Civil, 2021) that the sociology of literature focuses on social signs that have to do with society as is the general characteristic of qualitative research. . Based on the sociological theory of literature, this research is descriptive in nature, because it explains clearly what is the content of this geguritan text, as the author wants to present to the reader. In making this article using the type/approach of research in the form of library research or library research. Literature study is a study that is used to collect information and data with the help of various materials in the library such as documents, books, magazines, historical stories, etc. Library research or library search, namely research carried out through data collection or scientific writing aimed at the object of research or data. In accordance with the title of this geguritan, the poet shows a way so that his prayers or hopes for his promotion can be fulfilled. The first stanza describes how to deal with the ruler so that things run smoothly, namely by fawning. People who have a desire to increase in rank and rank are advised to be able to sort out and immediately humble themselves before the ruler, lick the ruler's feet, and make the authority of the ruler continue to grow.

Struktur Cerkak Ing Kene Ana Cahya

Javanese short stories are one of the genres in modern Javanese literature. Short stories (short stories) in modern Javanese literature are called cekak stories (cerkak). The focus of the study of Javanese short stories is short stories contained in Javanese magazines, such as Jaya Baya magazine and Panyebar Semangat magazine. One of the stories that has pana magazine panjebar semangat is a cerkak entitled "“Ing Kene Ana Cahya” " by Sri Setya Rahayu. This research uses an objective approach and uses the theory of Structuralism. Based on the analysis of Structuralism in “Ing Kene Ana Cahya” ing, it can be concluded that the cerkak uses a mixed flow. In the character element, there are several figures, namely Widuri, Suryadi and Pak Tamin. The background element is divided into two, namely the setting of the place and the background of time, the setting where the event occurs is on the House and Street, the background time on the story of “Ing Kene Ana Cahya” occurs during the day. The point of view used in the story here is the third person point of view, where the author tells about the main character who experiences the events that occur.

The Concept of Tri Hita Karana in Kakawin Siwaratrikalpa as a Means to Interpret Life

Old Javanese literature, especially Kakawin Siwaratrikalpa, has an essential role among the Hindu community in Bali, not only because of its captivating story elements but also because it is essential for human life as it contains artistic values, religious values, moral teachings (ethics), manners, character education, philosophy, law, and morals. Tri Hita Karana is a concept of balancing the relationship between humans and God, humans and others, and humans and their natural environment to achieve prosperity and harmony in life in the world. Human life has undergone significant changes due to the changing times. The demands of modern life have brought human behavior to problems that need attention. The advancement of science and technology has caused a shift in social values, which has led humans to promiscuity, moral decline, the conflict between religious communities, lifestyle changes, environmental degradation, exploitation of natural resources, and even environmental destruction. This research is qualitative descriptive research by applying the concept of Tri Hita Karana. The source of the data is scientific, meaning that apart from observing texts, researchers are trying to observe and understand empirical phenomena directly in people's lives. The theory used is the theory of Human Relations. The results of the discussion prove that the three parts of the Tri Hita Karana concept are always related and cannot be separated. Humans, as the main actors in life, must continue to seek and strive for a safe, peaceful, and happy life.