Javanese Literary Work Research Articles

Struktur Naratif Kakawin Nirartha Prakreta : Kajian Bahasa, Sastra, Dan Budaya

Bali is one of the regions in Indonesia helping maintain the richness of the archipelago in the form of literary works, one of which is Old Javanese literary works which are still well preserved today. Old Javanese literary works are special and relatively old literary ones because most of the literary works are from the IX and XV centuries (Zoetmulder, 1985: 18-25). The method used is the library study method and manuscript reading, namely using the listening method. The listening method is a method used to obtain data by listening to language use. The term listening here is not only related to the use of language orally, but also in writing (Mashun, 2005:90). Heuristic and hermeneutic reading is also used and assisted by note-taking and translation techniques. Based on the corpus of Kakawin Nirartha Prakrĕta, it can be concluded that the storyline contains a life picture of good and bad behavior in life which in Hinduism is called Subha Asubha Karma. This proves the narrative unit about dharma teachings (dharmasastra) which dominates the story content of Kakawin Nirartha Prakrĕta. It can be concluded that before interpreting a kakawin text we must first know its structureThe narrative structure that builds Kakawin Nirartha Prakrĕtha includes Manggala "opening section", corpus "content section", epilogue "concluding section". The three parts of the Kakawin Nirartha Prakrĕtha narrative structure certainly have a very close and interrelated relationship.

Unsur Instrinsik Yang Terkandung dalam Cerita Swarga Rohana Parwa

The current state of Indonesian society is troubled by moral decline. This not only affects teenagers but also older people who can set an example of good behavior. A quality nation is a nation that is able to maintain its personality, provide moral education, exemplify the teachings of noble values to be preserved and developed in harmony with the progress of the times. One way is to explore and display the treasures stored in Old Javanese literary works. Based on the background above, the main problems can be raised, namely as follows: (1) What is the synopsis of the story Swarga Rohana Parwa? (2) What is the analysis of the intrinsic elements in the story Swarga Rohana Parwa? (3) What educational values are contained in the story Swarga Rohana Parwa. Swarga Rohana Parwa is one of the classic literary works in the Old Javanese language. This prose focuses on the process of human life after leaving the world based on the results of their actions.

Suluk pedalangan literature in a semiotic perspective

Suluk pedalangan is a form of Javanese literary work, a type of poetry sung by a dalang (puppeteer) in a wayang kulit (shadow puppet) performance. Semiotically, Suluk functions to explain the characterization of scenes whether they are grand, tense, sad, or happy in accordance with the pathet (arrangement of notes) in karawitan (traditional Javanese gamelan music). This research aims to identify and understand the characteristics of suluk from a semiotic perspective. The method used is descriptive qualitative. The data source is Suluk Pedalangan which was collected by Padmosoekotjo (1978). The results of the research show that the suluk pedalangan texts use the Old Javanese language krama alus and krama madya. The results of the research show that the sulukan in wayang kulit performances has the characteristics of being one of the puppetry literature performed (sung) by puppeteers adapted to the pathet and time. When sung by the puppeteer, the sequence of sulukan is adjusted to the time, rhythm (pathet), and kempyung note sequence (beating two notes together with a distance of two notes). Semiotically, the meaning and function of sulukan in setting the atmosphere hold an important position, broadly serving to intensify, embellish, enhance, and shape the atmosphere in various scenes. Textually, sulukan basically refers to the scenes presented. However, if you do not know the meaning of the words, symbols and figures of speech used in sulukan, the aesthetic value and dramatic atmosphere of the scenes presented in wayang kulit performances will be less meaningful. Philosophically, the meaning of sulukan in relation to the sequence of kempyung notes and the time they are expressed symbolizes the journey of a human life, from birth, childhood, adolescence, adulthood, and old age.Keywords: Puppetry literature, semiotics, sulukan, wayang

Isi dan Makna Puisi Kluwung Karya Soewardi Baroto Martono: Pendekatan Pragmatik

Javanese people or rather Javanese ethnic groups, culturally and anthropologically, are people who in their daily lives use the Javanese language with various kinds of dialects from generation to generation. According to Kodiran (1981: 322), the Javanese cultural area covers the entire central and eastern part of the island of Java. An example of a Javanese literary works are also still quite a lot. Geguritan is a literary creation in the form of poetry which is usually sung with a very melodious song (Pupuh). This study takes as an example a literary work of poetry entitled Kluwung by Soewardi Baroto Martono. To find this literary work, the author uses a pragmatic approach that views literary works as a means to convey certain goals to the reader. This study also aims to find out the content and meaning of everyday life in Soewardi Baroto Martono’s Kluwung poetry.

Kosa Kata dan Gaya Bahasa dalam Novel Para Priyayi Karya Umar Kayam (Kajian Stilistika)

Indonesia is a country that has a variety of cultures, not least the culture that is spread on the island of Java. Javanese people's thoughts include dances, ancient texts, Javanese script, folklore, kidung, geguritan and many more. Novel is a type of Javanese literary work in the form of prose. The story in the novel is the result of the work of imagination that discusses the problems of a person's life or various characters. The story in the novel begins with the emergence of problems experienced by the character and ends with solving the problem. In a novel, of course, there are several elements, both intrinsic and extrinsic. And in this study, the author will analyze some Javanese vocabulary and the language style in the novel Para Priyayi by Umar Kayam. Style of language can also be called figure of speech is the use of the wealth of language, the use of a certain variety to obtain certain effects that can make a literary work look alive, the overall language characteristics of a group of literary writers and the distinctive way of conveying thoughts and feelings, both orally and in writing.

Nilai Moral pada Syair Suluk Ngaji Jawa (Kajian Sosiologi Sastra)

This research discusses the moral values ​​in Javanese Suluk Poetry under three titles, namely “Serate Pupils”, “Introspection” and “Ojo Dumeh”. In this research the author tries to examine the three suluk titles in everyday life. With social problems becoming more numerous and complicated, this research will relate them to existing social realities and will be linked to the values ​​that exist in Javanese suluk. In this research, we will discuss the moral values ​​of Suluk which are adopted from a literary sociology approach to analyze the moral values ​​contained in Javanese Suluk poetry, especially in two poems entitled “Serate Siswa”, “Introspection” and “Ojo Dumeh” . The focus of this research is on religious, social moral values ​​and human interaction with God as reflected in these literary works. This research uses qualitative methods with descriptive analysis techniques to describe and explore information related to the moral values ​​in the two poems. The results of research on the three titles of Syair Suluk Jawa show that the poem “Serate Disciple” emphasizes the importance of manners, simplicity, and respect for others, by describing the relationship between students and teachers as a reflection of the relationship between humans and God. On the other hand, the poems, “Introspection” and “Ojo Dumeh” highlight the wisdom in looking at age and death, reminding people to continue to worship selflessly, and live life humbly. In conclusion, Suluk Javanese poetry, through sociological analysis of literature, is able to convey a deep moral message regarding human relationships with God and others. This research contributes to the understanding of the moral values ​​contained in Javanese literary works, as well as maintaining and introducing the uniqueness of Javanese culture to society.

The Transition Of Women's Ideology In Modern Javanese Literature

<p>Abstract<br />This study aims to analyze the struggle for women's idealism in modern Javanese literature. The approach used is ideological hegemony and content analysis methods to classify and analyze data from one classical Javanese literary work and two modern Javanese literary works, namely "Serat Wulang Putri" by Nyai Adisara, Novel "Larasati Modern" by Sri, "Katresnan" by Soeratman Sastradihardja, and "Nona Sekretaris" by Suparto Brata. The results of the study show that the development of women's idealistic thinking begins with an inner strength that is patient and accepts the rights of the husband, to become equal friends with men. In the classical period, a restriction only focused on the domestic realm. Even though the reality of the domestic realm still existed in later times, those who had education, independence, and personal wisdom became part of the renewal process. As for the older generation, there is friction over traditional customs in society. What used to be a fixed standard of action has been adapted by itself along with educational developments and foreign cultural influences.</p><p>Keywords: Ideology, hegemony, women, Javanese Culture, Modern Javanese Literature.</p>

Tingkat Tutur pada Cerkak di Web Page Jawasastra

Javanese is one of the unique regional languages ​​because it has speech levels which are shown through spoken language in daily life conversations, while forms of written language are usually applied through Javanese literary works. This article aims to analyze the form and factors that cause the occurrence of speech levels used by the characters in cêrkak that represent people's lives. This study was studied using a qualitative descriptive method and analyzed using a sociolinguistic approach in the speech level study. The research data is sourced from documents of speech level that originating from dialogues between characters in five cêrkak on the Jawasastra web page. Research subjects were selected through purposive sampling, while data was collected through document analysis. The data were analyzed with an interactive analysis model through data collection, data reduction, data presentation, and drawing conclusions. In this study, four variations of speech levels were found, including: 12 data of ngoko lugu, 3 data of ngoko alus, 1 data of krama lugu, and 9 data of krama alus. The factors behind the use of each level of speech within the scope of Javanese society are due to differences in levels of education, economy, age, position, familiarity, and heredity.

Nilai Pendidikan Budi Pekerti Dalam Antologi Geguritan Lathi Karya Eko Wahyudi

This research is motivated by the importance of inculcating the value of character education to students through Javanese literary works of geguritan. The purpose of this study is to describe the value of character education contained in the anthology of Lathi geguritan by Eko Wahyudi. The method used in this research is descriptive qualitative. The data source in this study is the geguritan in the anthology of Lathi geguritan by Eko Wahyudi. The research data are in the form of words, phrases, clauses, sentences in geguritan which contain the value of character education. Data collection techniques using document analysis. Test the validity of the data using triangulation theory. The data analysis technique used is an interactive analysis technique using the Miles & Huberman model. The results of the study show that the values ​​of character education contained in the anthology of Lathi geguritan by Eko Wahyudi include: religiosity, sociality, gender, justice, democracy, honesty, independence, fighting power, responsibility, and respect for the environment. Through geguritan in the anthology of Lathi's geguritan, the author wants to convey a message or message to the reader to become a complete human being with strong noble character.

Nilai Pendidikan Karakter dalam Kekawin Bharatayuddha (Raja Salya Pralaya)


 
 
 
 
 One form of cultural variation that still exists today is Kekawin. Kekawin is an ancint Javanese literary work that still thriving during the Majapahit Kingdom. Kekawin has great values in it, so it can be used as a guide in living daily life by tha Balinese community. The purpose of the this research is to express and describe the Values of Character Education foud in the Kekawin of Bharatayuddha (Raja Salya Pralaya). These values are the value of hard work, the value of mutual cooperation, the value of national spirit, the value of independence, and the value of responsibility
 
 
 

Workshop Menulis dan Membaca Geguritan di SMP Terpadu Ponorogo

Geguritan is a poem composed in Javanese words. The word gurit means composing, geguritan means essay, writing, song, song. The meaning of this lexican expands as geguritan means chanting, singing songs. This meaning is still valid in the oral tradition in Bali (in the Javanese literary tradition, geguritan has a narrower meaning, focused on interpreting geguritan as Javanese poetry). Workshop participants at the end of the activity have the ability to create Javanese literary works in accordance with their personal experience and the participants' familiarity with the everyday environment. This makes it easier for participants to compose the structure of everyday communication into beautiful language, namely geguritan.

The Manifestation of Kuntisraya Story in Ethnic

The purpose of writing this article is to discover the manifestations of the Kuntisraya story in works of arts in Indonesia. In general, Kuntisraya stories can be found in ancient Javanese literary works. In particular, it turns out that there are works of art, design, and ethnic performing arts in Indonesia that are realized based on the Kuntisraya story. The problems are : 1) What is the form of the manifestation of the Kuntisraya story in works of art and design?; 2) What is the form of the manifestation of the Kuntisraya story in ethnic performing arts?. This research was conducted with qualitative methods. Observations and interviews have been used to obtain primary data. The results of the literature study have been used as secondary data. All data has been analyzed qualitatively using aesthetic and reception theories. The results of the study show that : 1) manifestations of the Kuntisraya story exist in works of art and designs in the form of architectural reliefs of temples; and 2) manifestations of the Kuntisraya story exist in performing arts in the form of sacred performing arts and tourism performing arts.

Sang Wirayuda: Biography of Raden Ronggo Prawirodirjo III of Madiun, Circa 1779-1810

One of the prominent figures in the history of Madiun, especially the late era of the old Javanese order, is Raden Ronggo Prawirodirjo III. For this reason, this article discusses the biography of Raden Ronggo Prawirodirjo III of Madiun circa 1779-1810. The sources used were primary and secondary sources in the form of the archive of Bundel Djokja Brieven, (Dj Br) no. 193, 409, ANRI collections, chronicles, magazines, and literature in the form of books. Furthermore, the research procedure covered the stages of heuristics, criticism, interpretation, and historiography. The research findings revealed that Raden Ronggo Prawirodirjo III was trahing kusuma rembesing madu [a descendant of high nobility] and trah wirayuda [a descendant of officers] from his parents. Raden Ronggo also served as Regent of Madiun between 1796-1810. Inflaming resistance to Dutch colonialism, he started it on November 20 until he died with his troops on December 17, 1810. In addition, Raden Ronggo was familiar with the santri (Islamic boarding school students) and the old Javanese literary works that influenced his psychology to determine some policies or decisions taken in his life.

CLASSICAL JAVANESE LITERATURE WULANGREH FROM SURAKARTA PALACE: STUDY OF ISLAMIC TOURISM

Classical Javanese literary works have many variations, one of which is the work entitled Wulangreh (teaching with dedication) written by King Pakubuwana IV of the Surakarta palace when Indonesia was still under Dutch colonial rule. This study aims to describe the beauty of universal Islamic cultural values in this book, which was published in the 18th century but is still being used today. The question answered is, are the universal cultural values in the book still relevant today? What values attract tourists to come and learn about them? The research method used is descriptive qualitative with a hermeneutic approach triangulated with the opinion of cultural experts. The data was obtained by interpreting the thoughts of King Pakubuwana IV written in the book and interviews with Kanjeng Yusdianto, a traditional leader of the Surakarta palace and the head of the Radya Pustaka museum, Didik Suharjono. The results of the analysis show that the values in the book can be a reference for the world because of their universal nature, including the values of equality, multiculturalism, and civilization. The beauty of the language and the message conveyed by the King is very touching, especially if tourists want to come to Surakarta to see directly Wulangreh, the tomb of King Pakubuwana IV, the Radya Pustaka museum, and the Surakarta Palace. The religious and cultural values of Islam in the book can be used as provisions for readers in facing life today. Wulangreh, Pakubuwana IV Tomb, Surakarta Palace, and Radya Pustaka Museum are icons of religious and cultural tourism destinations in the recommended Era 5.0.

Wacana Metta dalam Kakawin Ananda Bhuwana

Kakawin Ananda Bhuwana is an Old Javanese literary work that describes a character's journey in search of happiness (metta). The creativity and imaginative power of the author in compiling the story and giving the title to this literary work is a unique and special attraction. The theory used is the discourse theory proposed by Van Dijk. The analysis results of Kakawin Ananda Bhuwana's text show Kakawin Ananda Bhuwana as a constructor of metta discourse formed from a formal structure consisting of a macrostructure, a superstructure, and a microstructure.

On Mpu Tanakuṅ, Daṅ Hyaṅ Nirartha, and the Authorship of the Bhuvanakośa

This article takes as a point of departure the first Sanskrit verse of the Sanskrit-Old Javanese Śaiva scripture Bhuvanakośa, which has come down to us in Balinese palm-leaf manuscripts. It argues that this verse forms an introductory hymn (maṅgala or stuti) praising Śiva and, at the same time, revealing the identity of the compiler of the text—whether genuine or fictively attributed ex post—through a “signature” expressed by means of a Sanskrit word hinting at the name Tanakuṅ, an author of Old Javanese literary and religious works who lived in the 15th century. It then elaborates on the socio-historical and religious background of that period, and links the figure of Tanakuṅ and the texts ascribed to him to Ḍaṅ Hyaṅ Nirartha, an important Balinese religious figure who is believed to have been active on the island between the late 15th and early 16th century.

Ajaran Agama Hindu Dalam Kakawin Mayaspati

Kakawin is one of the Old Javanese literary works which is essentially bound by the metrum (guru laghu) which has developed rapidly in Java. After the collapse of the Majapahit Kingdom in the 15th century, Old Javanese literature experienced a decline, eventually moving to Bali. Until now, efforts to save ancestral heritage in Bali continue to be carried out by clearly copying these literary works. Kakawin received considerable attention from the Balinese people, especially among lovers of classical literature. This is proven by the existence of free groups (pesantian groups) in almost every village in Bali. Kakawin Mayaspati has many interesting things to study because Kakawin Mayaspati contains moral messages that are conveyed through the character of each characterization. In addition, Kakawin Mayaspati also has an appeal in every episode of the story, meaning that each stage or incident has a value that needs to be imitated or not at all. Examples of good and bad deeds so that Kakawin Mayaspati contains religious values, especially Hinduism. Theories used to solve research problems are: (1) Structural Theory, (2) Value Theory. This research is in the form of a qualitative design. Data were collected using document techniques and interview techniques. After the data was collected, the data were analyzed using descriptive qualitative techniques. Based on this analysis, conclusions were obtained as a result of the research, as follows: (1) Kakawin Mayaspati's Narrative Structure which includes Incident, Plot, Setting, Characterization, Theme and Mandate of Kakawin Mayaspati. (2) The teachings contained in Kakawin Mayaspati which include the teachings of Karma Phala, these teachings are contained in the quote from Kakawin Mayaspati XXII: 45a Mayaspati III: 10a and 11a, the teachings of Tri Kaya Parisudha especially about Kayika, the teachings of Tri Kaya Parisudha especially Kayika are contained in Mayaspati VI quote: 14a stanza 4 and 14b stanza 4 and Mayaspati XXX: 63b. and the teachings of Tri Hita Karana are mainly emphasized on the Palemahan element, the teachings of Tri Hita Karana especially Palemahan are contained in Mayaspati XI quotes: 25a stanza 2 and 26a stanza 2.

Some Thoughts About Genre in Old Javanese Literature

Robson in 1983 and 1988 in his reconsideration of the poetics of kakawin epics and Javanese philology drew readers’ attention to the importance of genre for the history of ancient Javanese literature. Aoyama in his study of the kakawin Sutasoma in 1992, making judicious use of Hans Jauss’s concept of “horizon of expectation”, offered the first systematic discussion of the genre of Old Javanese literary works. The present essay offers a commentary on the terms which mpu Monaguna and mpu Prapañca, authors of the thirteenth century epic kakawin Sumanasāntaka and the fourteenth century Deśawarṇana, themselves, employ to refer to the generic characteristics of their poems. Mpu Monaguna referred to his epic poem as a narrative work (kathā), written in a prakṛt, Old Javanese, and rendered in the poetic form of a kakawin and finally as a ritual act intended to enable the poet to achieve apotheosis with his tutelary deity and his poem to be the means of transforming the world, in particular to ensure the wellbeing of the readers, listeners, copyists and those who possessed copies of his poetic work. Mpu Prapañca described his Deśawarṇana differently. Also written in Old Javanese and in the poetic form of a kakawin—he refers to his work variously as a narrative work (kathā), a chronicle (śakakāla or śakābda), a praise poem (kastawan) and also as a ritual act designed to enable the author in an ecstatic state of rapture (alangö), and filled with the power and omniscience of his tutelary deity, to ensure the continued prosperity of the realm of Majapahit and to secure the rule of his king Rājasanagara. The essay considers each of these literary categories.

PU SAPI DAN LEMBU AGRA: KAJIAN ANTROPONIMI BERDASARKAN ISI PRASASTI JAWA KUNO (ABAD KE-9–16 M)

<p>Javanese literary works, especially the Panji tales, often feature human characters with animal names, such as Kuda Narawangsa, Kebo Kanigara, and Kidangwalangka. This naming phenomenon can also be found in old Javanese inscriptions. Recent studies generally concluded that such naming tradition occurred during the Kadiri-Majapahit era, and this was closely related to the banner of the army and the identity of <em>makasirkasir</em>. This study aims to reveal the motivation behind the naming tradition and the relationship between personal name, social status, and occupation of the person so named throughout the ancient Javanese era. This study uses Nyström’s onomastical approach, especially the concept of anthroponomics, namely the presuppositional meanings of proper names consisting of categorial, associative, and emotive meanings. This research utilized archaeological methods which involved data collection, data processing, and interpretation. Results show that this naming phenomenon was generally motivated by people’s appreciation of certain animals that had a special place and played an important role in the ancient Javanese society and culture. The correlation between the names and the characters’ social status and occupation has been found to be influenced by the sociocultural development during the Ancient Mataram and Kadiri-Majapahit periods.</p>

Suluk Pesisiran dalam Arsitektur Masjid Agung Sang Cipta Rasa Cirebon, Indonesia

The purpose of this paper is to analyze suluk on the architecture of Sang Cipta Rasa Great Mosque, Cirebon. The research is qualitative non-hypothetical through four stages of the historical method with multidisciplinary approach. The result of this research is that Wali Songo are brilliant in packaging Islamic teachings about the path to inner perfection in finding the authenticity of life leading to His goodness. Islamic teaching is not only preached through classical Javanese literary works (macapat, song) or performing arts (wayang, barong, topêng, and ronggêng), but also through mosque architecture. The conclusion of this research is that there is the beauty of coastal suluk teaching in a number of architectures element of Sang Cipta Rasa Grand Mosque. This study recommends further research on a number of other archaeological relics, either in Cirebon or along the North coast of Java that have a history of spreading Islam.