Jassid Amrasca Research Articles

Efficacy of Insecticides Against Major Sucking Insect Pests of Okra and Their Effect on Natural Enemies

Field experiment was conducted at the central research field, during kharif (March to July 2022). The experiment was laidout in RCBD (randomized complete block design). Ten treatments were evaluated against jassid Amrasca biguttula (Ishida) and whitefly Bemisia tabaci (Gennadius). At vegetative stage, lowest number of A. biguttula (0.25/ leaf) and B. tabaci (0.12/ leaf) was observed with emamectin benzoate +abamectin @ 0.50 g/ l and chlorantraniliprole + thiamethoxam @ 0.50 ml/ l. respectively, A. biguttula(1.16/ leaf) and B. tabaci (0.33/ leaf) was recorded as lowest with emamectin benzoate + abamectin @0.75 g/ l at fruiting stage. The lowest fruit infestation (9.56%) was observed with chlorantraniliprole +thiamethoxam @ 0.75 ml/ l. Maximum number of ladybird beetle, Coccinella septempunctata (L) (2.59/plant); spider, Hippasa agelenoides (Simon) (1.20/ plant) and green lacewing, Chrysoperla carnea (Stephens)(2.50/ plant) were observed when no insecticide was used. Both chlorantraniliprole + thiamethoxam @0.75 ml/ l and emamectin benzoate + abamectin @ 0.75 g/ l led to the least number of C. septempunctata(0.33/ plant). Flubendiamide @ 0.50 g/ l led to insignificant number of H. agelenoides (0.33/ plant). Thehighest fruit yield (19.56 t/ ha) was achieved from emamectin benzoate + abamectin @ 0.50 g/ l.

Population dynamics of Jassid Amrasca biguttula biguttula (Ishida) infesting okra and its relationship with weather parameters

Population dynamics of Jassid Amrasca biguttula biguttula (Ishida) infesting okra and its relationship with weather parameters

Insecticidal Potential of Homemade Neem Extract Against Jassid <i>Amrasca biguttula biguttula</i> (Ishida) Infesting Okra

Field experiments were conducted during 2020 and 2021 to evaluate the efficacy of homemade neem extract @ 3000, 4000 and 5000 ml along with standard insecticide imidacloprid 17.8 SL @ 100 ml (standard check)/ ha against jassid Amrasca biguttula biguttula in okra at the Punjab Agricultural University Regional Research Station, Gurdaspur and farmer’s field at Marianwala (Batala), Punjab. The results revealed that all insecticidal treatments were very effective. Imidacloprid 17.8SL proved superior and gave maximum fruit yield followed by higher and median dose of homemade neem extract. The highest cost benefit ratio (Rs. 1: 75.74) was achieved with highest dose of homemade neem extract and closely followed by imidacloprid 17.8 SL (Rs. 1: 50.74). These were also found very safe towards predators (spider and coccinellid)

Population Dynamics of Major Insect Pests of Cucumber

This study on incidence of the jassid Amrasca biguttula biguttula in cucumber reveal that the incidence begins from 10<sup>th</sup> standard meteorological week (SMW) (0.56 jassid/ three leaves) with a peak (2.96 jassids/ three leaves) in the 16<sup>th</sup> SMW. Whitefly Bemisia tabaci appeared during 11<sup>th</sup> SMW (0.80 whiteflies/ three leaves), increasing to a a peak (2.65 whiteflies/ three leaves) during 17<sup>th</sup> SMW. Fruit fly Bactrocera cucurbitae infestation on fruit began from the 13<sup>th</sup> SMW (16.35%), with a maximum (45.03%) during the 17<sup>th</sup> SMW. Leaf miner Liriomyza trifolii infestation started from the 10<sup>th</sup> SMW (0.66%), with leaf damage being maximum (4.45%) at the 15th SMW. Maximum and minimum temperature showed significant and positive correlation with B. cucurbitae infestation, whereas the morning and evening relative humidity had non-significant and positive association.

Assessment of Yield Losses Due to Sucking Pests in BT cottton

Field experiment was conducted during kharif 2019 to determine the avoidable yield losses due to sucking insect pests on four cotton cultivars BG II (US 81& RCH 776), non Bt F-2228 and Desi LD 949 at two sowing dates (timely-25th April; and late 27th May) at the Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana. Significantly higher incidence of whitefly Bemisia tabaci (Genn.) (20.61 adults), jassid Amrasca biguttula biguttula (Ishida) (12.97 nymphs) and thrips Thrips tabaci (Lindeman) (7.32 adults/ 3 leaves) was observed under late sown conditions, compared to the timely sown one with less incidence- B. tabaci (14.51 adults), A. biguttula biguttula (11.37 nymphs) and T. tabaci (6.58 adults)/ leaves. Significantly less B. tabaci (16.69 adults), A. biguttula biguttula (13.74 nymphs) and T. tabaci (5.86 adults) were observed with desi cotton (LD 949) as compared BG II cultivars (RCH 776, US 81) and non Bt F 2228. Significantly less avoidable yield loss (16.41%) was observed with timely sown crop as compared to 18.45% losses under late sown conditions. Significantly less yield loss was observed in desi cotton (16.01%) as compared to US 81 (16.55%), RCH 776 (17.20) and F 2228 (19.98%).

Plant characters of brinjal genotypes in relation to incidence of jassid Amrasca biguttula biguttula (Ishida)

Brinjal, Solanum melongena L. (Solanaceae) is attacked by jassid Amrasca biguttula biguttula (Ishida). At the University of Agriculture, Faisalabad the relationship of characters in brinjal genotypes to jassid incidence was evaluated under field conditions. Oval round, Purple Long, Green Long, Round Black and Purple cultivars were sown during June 2018 in nursery. Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) was followed with three replications. The plant characters were correlated with the jassid incidence and their effect was evaluated with simple and multiple linear regression. The results reveal that the hair density on the lamina showed the maximum effect, while height of plants and number of primary branches showed the least effect. The hair density and hair length on leaf lamina, midrib and vein are the most important characters. The moisture content and thickness of upper, middle and lower leaves showed positive but non-significant correlations.

Field Evaluation and Economic Assessment of Different Insecticides against Cotton Jassid Amrasca devastans Dist.

Field Evaluation and Economic Assessment of Different Insecticides against Cotton Jassid Amrasca devastans Dist.

Population dynamics of major pests of okra

Seasonal incidence of major insect pests of okra was studied during kharif 2017 on the basis of standard meteorological weeks (SMW) at the College of Agriculture Jabalpur, on variety GAO5. The jassid Amrasca biguttula biguttula and aphid Aphis gossypii were observed to be active from August to October with their peak during 40th SMW (2.3 jassid and 1.5 aphid/leaf). The whitefly Bemisia tabaci occurred between second week of August and third week of October with peak in 38 SMW (7.4 whitefly/plant). Red spider mite Tetranychus urticae was observed from 6th to 30th October with peak at 42 SMW (690.7 nymph+ adult mites/leaf). The shoot and fruit borer Earias vitella was observed from second week of September (37 SMW) up to fourth week of August (43 SMW) with three peaks in 38, 41 and 43 SMW (5.61, 6.38 and 4.67% fruit infestation). Correlation and regression analysis of incidence with weather factors revealed that population of jassid (nymph+ adult/leaf) had a significant positive relation with maximum temperature (r=0.68); and aphid (nymph+ adult/leaf) had a significant positive correlation with number of rainy days and morning vapour pressure (r=0.64 and 0.62).

Determination of economic threshold level for the timely management of cotton jassid Amrasca bigutulla (Ishida) on okra vegetable crop

A field study was carried out at Vegetable Research Farm PAU, Ludhiana to determine the economic threshold level for the timely management of cotton jassid Amrasca bigutulla (Ishida) on okra vegetable crop. It was observed that significantly lowest jassid nymphal count per leaf in the pooled data (0.96 nymphs/leaf) were registered in the treatment where spray against jassid were given at 2 nymphs/leaf stage and first injury grade that is curling and yellowing of leaf margin as compared to others spray stages (1.54-1.72 nymphs/leaf) and unsprayed control (1.75 nymphs/leaf) significantly lowest jassid injury grade was also observed when spray stared at 2 nymphs/ leaf (0.58) and second spray stage curling and yellowing of leaf margin (0.65 nymphs/leaf) as against other spray stages (1.13 – 1.60 nymphs/leaf) and unsprayed control (1.63 nymphs/leaf). Maximum plant (110.33-110.44 cm) was also recorded as against other treatment (90.80 – 108.46 cm) and control (90.13cm). Total highest fruit yield (120.40-120.75) quintal /ha was also registered in these two treatments. Economic threshold level estimated for the management of cotton jassid on okra crop will help to develop an ecologically safe pest management practices against this pest.

Evaluation of Different Brinjal (Solanum melongena L.) Varieties for Yield Performance and Sucking Insect Pests in Bahawalpur, Pakistan

This study investigated the relative performance of ten brinjal (Solamum melongena L.) varieties for yield in fall 2014 in Bahawalpur. The study was conducted at farm area of Islamia University of Bahawalpur. Ten brinjal varieties were evaluated for yield performance in a research trial following randomized complete block design. Significant differences existed in the yield generated by tested varieties. Significantly more yield was recorded in Shamli and Eggplant deep black followed by Advanta 306, Sandhya F1, Black boy, Black nagina and Advanta 305 in descending order. Twinkle star and Kalash F1 generated significantly less yield while the significantly least yield was recorded for Xingchangjishi than all the tested varieties. Whitefly Bemesia tabaci (Homoptera: Aleyrodidae) and jassid Amrasca biguttula biguttula (Homoptera: Cicadellidae) were the major sucking insects attacking this crop. Populations of both pest insects were recorded significantly more on Xingchangjishi while least populations of these pests were recorded on Egg plant deep black and Sandhya F1. Correlation of insect populations with yield showed inverse relationships. These results are important regarding varietal performance for yield test conducted for ten brinjal varieties. Varieties i.e.,Eggplant deep black and Shamli with significantly more yields are recommended for cultivation in this area to get more brinjal yield.

An estimate of the loss in cotton yield in Pakistan attributable to the jassid Amrasca devastans Dist.

Different levels of jassid infestation were allowed in field cage and open field studies to identify the economic threshold of jassid in Pakistan and the most effective time to introduce control measures. In field cages even 0·5 jassid/leaf caused significant yield losses when numbers were maintained at the target level for the period of 40 days. One jassid/leaf is the critical threshold for practical control purposes in open fields and the cost-benefit ratio was maximum (18·67) at this level of infestation. A season-long infestation of jassids caused significant crop loss so correct timing of an insecticide application to reduce the damage is important.

The Incidence of Jassid Amrasca biguttula biguttula (Ishida) on Sunflower in Relation to Manuring and Spacing

Observations were made on the incidence of leat hopper on sunflower under different levels of manuring and spacing. It was evident from the study that increase of nitrogen, phosphorus and potash in combination resulted in higher population to certain level, while wider spacing in any direction tended to increase the incidence Luxuriant plant growth due to higher manuring and wider spacing had harboured more leaf hopper population,