Japanese Characters Research Articles

Menelaah Keberhasilan Pendidikan Karakter Di Jepang Untuk Menunjang Program Penguatan Pendidikan Karakter (PPK) Di Indonesia

This research explores the success of character education in Japan to support the Character Education Strengthening Program (PPK) in Indonesia. The research method employed is a qualitative approach with a literature review. Firstly, the study elucidates the Japanese education system, which incorporates character education as an integral part of the curriculum. Secondly, the principles of character education in Japan are delineated to provide a profound understanding of the values applied in the development of students' character. Subsequently, the research analyzes the success factors and challenges in character education in Japan, highlighting aspects that can be adopted or avoided in the Indonesian context. Fourth, the potential application of the Japanese character education model in Indonesia is explored, with a focus on positive changes that can occur in the mindset and behavior of students. Finally, implementation efforts in Indonesia are scrutinized through an understanding of the necessary changes in the education system and community support. The results of this research are expected to provide guidance for the implementation of PPK in Indonesia, considering Japan's successful experience in shaping students' character through qualitative and literature-based approaches. This study can serve as a foundation for the development of policies and practices in character education that are more effective and relevant in Indonesia.

Pengenalan Budaya Jepang Melalui Pelatihan Kaligrafi Jepang (Shodou) Pada Mahasiswa Prodi Pariwisata Budaya Dan Keagamaan

The application of soft skills and hard skills is crucial in the process of preparing high-quality, resilient, and skilled human resources. One way to enhance the preparation of such human resources is by improving foreign language skills. The Tourism and Religious Culture Study Program is the only program at the Institut Agama Hindu Negeri (IAHN) Gde Pudja Mataram that offers a Japanese language course. Unfortunately, the three-credit hour per meeting course duration is insufficient for learning about Japanese arts, culture, and traditions. Therefore, additional time is needed to study these aspects. The six-day community service activity was conducted to accommodate students' desire to learn more about the Japanese language, particularly kanji characters. By using Japanese calligraphy (shodou) training methods, this training activity was perceived as more interesting and enjoyable. The materials presented in this activity included an introduction to various ways of writing Japanese characters, an introduction to kanji characters and their writing principles, an introduction to Japanese culture and philosophy through shodou training, and practice writing the kanji character tsuyu (露) using shodou techniques. The result of this activity was that students could easily remember the kanji characters they learned because they wrote them repeatedly. Additionally, students were motivated to practice other kanji characters using shodou techniques, as they found that kanji characters written with shodou were more beautiful and appealing than those written in the usual way.

Second Language Learning Strategy for Young Learners: Learning Hiragana as A Process in Japanese Language Acquisition

Abstract. Learning strategies in the Japanese language for young learners tend to be applied to children in Japanese mixed-married families or foreign children in Japan. However, this study tried to apply a learning strategy for a young learner who does not have a background in the Japanese environment or experience with Japanese people and culture. This study aims to describe a learning strategy by applying mnemonics to young learners in Japanese language acquisition, particularly in the Japanese character Hiragana. This research used qualitative descriptive design, with research instruments that include researchers, observation forms, and literature sources. The data collected in this study were analyzed using an interpretive approach. This study used a mnemonics-based digital tool application was used to assist the young learner in learning the Japanese character, Hiragana. This study shows that mnemonics can improve young learners' Hiragana acquisition. Learning strategy by applying mnemonics helps the young learner memorize each character and improves associative skills and Japanese vocabulary as a language acquisition process. Some characters are similar and confusing for beginners, and some Japanese characters do not exist in Indonesian, which makes it difficult for learners to pronounce them. The application greatly helps the subject memorize each character and improves associative skills and Japanese vocabulary as a language acquisition process. Through continuous reading practice, the subject can distinguish almost similar characters and help pronounce vocabulary. This application is very effective for parents who want to introduce Hiragana characters to young learners, with intensive reading practice and creating an environment that uses Hiragana.Keywords: learning strategy, mnemonics, Hiragana, young learner, language acquisition

<한선문신옥편(漢鮮文新玉篇)>에【華】로 표기된 한자(어)의 형태적 특징 고찰

The Han 漢鮮文新玉篇(HànXiānWénXīnYùPiān) was an attempt to compile an autobiography suitable for the times by examining newly created new Chinese characters, Japanese characters, and Chinese characters among the autobiographies compiled in the modern period, you can see Chinese characters with the notation of “華[Hua]” in the Chinese commentary of 漢鮮文新玉篇(HànXiānWénXīnYùPiān). The Chinese characters with this sign are said to be 'Chinese characters (language)' used in China, it is necessary to examine whether this is really a Chinese character used in China, and if so, what its properties are. herefore, as part of a study to identify the properties of Chinese characters marked as “華[Hua]”, this paper intends to extract data from Chinese characters marked as “華[Hua]” in 漢鮮文新玉篇(HànXiānWénXīnYùPiān), in addition, the morphological characteristics of the Chinese characters marked “華[Hua]” were considered. The results are as follows. First, there are a total of 90 Chinese characters written as “華[Hua]” in 漢鮮文新玉篇(HànXiānWénXīnYùPiān). Among them, there are a total of 35 Chinese characters that can be found in old records but are explained by replacing them with other letters. These Chinese characters showed structural differences such as differences in strokes, differences in one-sidedness, and use of other letters. All of these were divided into cases where the subject was a 俗字 and the case where the subject was a 俗字 character because of the transfer between letters, and the subject was taken with the representativeness of the time centered on the 俗字 character. Second, in the Chinese annotation of Chinese characters with the notation of “華[Hua]” in 漢鮮文新玉篇(HànXiānWénXīnYùPiān), the form and word order of Chinese characters in which Chinese characters exist could be divided into five categories: (1) simple row type/order relationship type/parallel relationship type, (2) predicate-object structure/subject-order structure type, (3) predicate-bore structure type, (4) formal relationship type, and (5) other types. Third, it is a Chinese character that does not exist in the Chinese annotation of Chinese characters with the notation of “華[Hua]” in 漢鮮文新玉篇(HànXiānWénXīnYùPiān). At that time, the font and meaning exist in Korea, but the meaning of the Chinese character marked “華[Hua]” is mainly used in China.

Automated Correction of Eye‐Tracking Data for Detecting Difficult‐to‐Read Characters in Japanese Text

This paper proposes a new eye‐tracking data correction method for the development of an automatic detection system for difficult‐to‐read characters in Japanese text. The proposed method, which adjusts the x‐axis of the eye, was compared with existing methods that adjust only the y‐axis. Data correction was performed for each method, and the detection accuracy of difficult‐to‐read Japanese characters was calculated and compared. The experimental results indicate that adjusting the x‐axis and y‐axis can improve the detection accuracy of difficult‐to‐read characters in Japanese text. This research advances easy correction techniques for difficult‐to‐read character detection in Japanese text and broadens the use of eye trackers, including low‐cost eye trackers. © 2024 Institute of Electrical Engineers of Japan. Published by Wiley Periodicals LLC.

Comparative interpretation of the genesis of morphotypes of ideographic signs of Japanese and Chinese writing to the technology of teaching hieroglyphs to oriental specialists and orientalist teachers

The purpose of the study is to provide a theoretical justification, develop and introduce into university pedagogical practice a modular educational technology and the methods of «hieroglyphic identification», «ideographic comparison of morphotypes», methods of passive recognition and active prescribing used for its implementation to study the genesis of morphotypes of ideographic signs of the Japanese language, effective training future oriental specialists and orientalist teachers in ideographic writing. The article presents two submodules of the modular technology «Basic hieroglyphs». In the first submodule, «The history of the origin of Japanese language hieroglyphs, the morphogenesis of hieroglyphs and syllabic alphabet signs», a historiographic analysis is carried out, the historical and philosophical connections of ideograms and alphabet signs of the Japanese language with traditional and simplified Chinese characters, their evolution and involution are explored. Future specialists are trained to identify the similarities and differences in the morphology of modern Japanese and simplified Chinese hieroglyphic characters operating on the territory of mainland China, based on their characteristic features: type/shape, composition/structure, meaning, order of writing, etymological reference. The second submodule «Options for morphotypes of Japanese and Chinese ideographic writing characters» includes training in the differentiation of traditional Chinese characters, simplified Chinese characters, traditional Japanese characters, abbreviated Japanese characters, comparative characteristics and classification of written characters of the Japanese language. The implementation of the educational modular technology «Basic Hieroglyphs» and its constituent submodules in the structure of the complex didactic goal of the subject «Hieroglyphs» provides an effective solution to pedagogical problems. The introduction of the proposed modular educational technology into university pedagogical practice has a positive effect on achieving the pedagogical goal and improves the quality of organizational and pedagogical conditions for training future specialists in oriental studies and teachers of oriental studies at the university.

Pengembangan Game edukasi berbasis Augmented Reality sebagai Media Pembelajaran Aksara Jepang

Common problems faced by students in learning Japanese script in Indonesia include difficulty constructing sentences, distinguishing between hiragana and katakana letters, speaking Japanese, and using vocabulary. To overcome this obstacle, research proposes the development of learning media based on Augmented Reality (AR) with the concept of educational games. Involving the SMUNEL Japanese Community at SMA Negeri 5 Makassar, the research used qualitative methods with discussion, observation and documentation. The research results identified internal factors, namely the decline in enthusiasm for learning, and external factors, namely the need for innovative media, as the main problem. The proposed solution is an educational game-based AR application to introduce Japanese characters. Application testing showed a positive response, with 90% of respondents agreeing that this application increases interest in learning and helps distinguish basic Japanese letters. It is hoped that this research will make a significant contribution in providing innovative and interactive Japanese language learning alternatives through the use of AR technology.

CFOR: Character-First Open-Set Text Recognition via Context-Free Learning.

The open-set text recognition task is a generalized form of the (close-set) text recognition task, where the model is further challenged to spot and incrementally recognize novel characters in new languages, which also indicate a shift in the language model. In this work, we propose to alleviate the confounding effect such biases under an open-set setup by learning individual character representations out of their context.We propose a Character-First Open-Set Text Recognition framework that treats individual characters as first-class citizens by cotraining the feature extractor with two context-free learning tasks. First, a Context Isolation Learning task is proposed to wipe the context for each character, utilizing a character mask learned in a weak supervision manner. Second, the framework adopts an Individual Character Learning task, which is a single-character classification task with synthetic samples. Our framework can reliably spot unseen characters in Japanese with F1-score over 64%, and can adapt to recognize unseen characters in Japanese, Korean, Greek, and other languages without retraining. The framework also shows decent many-shot performance on close-set text benchmarks with 91.5% line accuracy on IIIT5k and a speed of over 69 FPS single-batched, making it a feasible universal lightweight OCR solution.

An optimizing method of Japanese character recognition based on improved support vector machine

An optimizing method of Japanese character recognition based on improved support vector machine

Scorsese'nin Silence Filmi Üzerinden Sessizliğe Yaklaşımlar: Batı ve Doğu Perspektifleri Arasında Bir Karşılaştırma

Silence, the film, revolves around Christian missionaries who traveled to Japan in the 17th century to propagate Christianity and explores their interactions with the local population. The film portrays silence by strongly associating it with martyrdom and alludes to the suffering of Jesus Christ. This glorification of silence reveals findings related to Western perspectives and an Orientalist attitude. These findings will be analyzed according to Orientalist theory, a theory that investigates Western culture's tendency to exoticize and dominate Eastern cultures, in order to examine how the Western missionaries in the film observed and represented Japanese culture. The analysis will employ content analysis methodology to delve into the themes, symbols, and representations in the film. Additionally, it will draw upon Edward Said's theory of Orientalism and the concept of self-Orientalism. The film identifies instances where the Western representation associates silence with martyrdom and belittles Eastern culture. Examples such as the claim that the Japanese people do not understand Christianity, the depiction of Japan as a barren land, the presentation of Japanese characters as stereotypical figures, and the relegation of Eastern spiritual traditions to a lower status all demonstrate the denigration and marginalization of Eastern culture by the Western perspective. Furthermore, the fact that the film is based on a novel written by a Japanese author necessitates an examination of self-Orientalism.

Classification of Japanese Handwritten Characters Using Biometrics Approach

The following paper presents a solution to the problem of offline recognition of Japanese characters. Minutiae and other features extractable from handwriting images have been used to recognize individual characters. The solution presented by the authors uses minutiae to recognise single Japanese characters. Due to the complexity of this typeface, the solution presented can be used to recognise archaic characters, from old documents or also works of art. Neural Networks and hybrid classifiers based on five basic types of classifiers, i.e., k-nearest neighbour method, decision trees, support vector machine, logistic regression and Gaussian Naive Bayes classifier have been developed for classification. The study was conducted on Hiragana, Katakana and Kanji characters (ETL9G Database). The accuracy value obtained was 99.934%. The authors present what is probably the first algorithm using minutiae to recognize Japanese handwriting.

The Imagination of Japan

Abstract The arrival of the 21st century ushered in an era when fears and hopes crystallized around Japan, then perceived in the West as a country of new technologies. It was also seen as the nation of new fashion designers and in the 1990s Western media attributed a distinctly ‘Japanese character’ to the collections of Japanese fashion designers who stood out internationally. This article explores the encounter between the stereotypes of a Japan imagined by the West and the real clothing collections offered by brands such as Comme des Garçons, who exercised a major influence, in particular on Alexander McQueen and Iris van Herpen. In addition, this article aims to draw the attention of academic research to the unprecedented crossovers that fashion allows.

Implementasi Pendidikan Karakter Jepang Dalam Perspektif Islam Di Madrasah Aliyah Negeri 2 Kota Kediri

This research contains the process of implementing Japanese character education at MAN 2 Kediri City. The type of research used in this research is qualitative research. The information collection technique in this research is through observation, interviews and documentation. The results of this research prove that some MAN 2 Kediri City students have not implemented their character education in their daily life at school. Some other students have implemented their character education, such as coming to school on time, regularly attending group prayers, having a respectful and polite attitude towards teachers or older people. The characters possessed by each student are an attitude of never giving up, being able to work well with friends, and having a high enthusiasm for learning which can be proven when the students will take part in high school/MA and national level competitions. The students are always enthusiastic about practicing from the time the school bell rings until the school bell rings. Globally, it can be said that MAN 2 Kediri City students have superior personalities so they are able to become the nation's next generation of quality.

Japanese Characters (Kanji) Stroke Prediction using LSTM

Japanese Characters (Kanji) Stroke Prediction using LSTM

PENGARUH PENGGUNAAN APLIKASI HIRAGANA MEMORY HINT DALAM MENINGKATKAN KEMAMPUAN HURUF HIRAGANA SISWA SMAN 9 PEKANBARU

This research is about the effect of Hiragana Memory Hint application in improving the Hiragana letters ability of the student of SMAN 9 Pekanbaru. This research is focused on one of the Japanese characters, namely Hiragana letters. The reason the researcher chose this letter was because the shape of the Hiragana letter was very different from the alphabet, making it difficult for students to memorize Hiragana letters. Therefore, an interesting, effective, efficient and fun media was tested, namely the Hiragana Memory Hint application. This application is based on Android so that students can use it on their respective cellphones and can be used anytime and anywhere as a medium for learning Hiragana letters. In this application there are various features such as animated images, sounds, and illustrations that are easy to understand, there is also a quiz feature to test how far the students' ability to recognize Hiragana letters. The purpose of this study was to determine the ability of Hiragana letters before and after using the Hiragana Memory Hint application for student at SMAN 9 Pekanbaru. This type of research is quantitative research using quasi-experimental method. Respondents in this study were students of class X SMAN 9 Pekanbaru and the research sample taken amounted to 40 people. Based on the results of the research that has been carried out, it is concluded of Hiragana Memory Hint application has an influence in increasing the ability of Hiragana letters for students at SMAN 9 Pekanbaru with an average value of 90,1.

日本語ㆍ韓国語における「過去、歴代、史上」の用例分析 －「最高、最低」が後接する用例を中心に－

This study analyzed the usage of synonyms “kako/ gwageo“, “rekidai/yeoktae“, “shijo/sasang“. “kako/gwageo“ means past. “rekidai/yeoktae“ means successive generation. “shijo/sasang“ means historical. These three words use the same Chinese characters in Japanese and Korean, and have similar meanings. However, these three words have different usages. ①In Japanese “shijo“ is used for weather, age, sports and socio-cultural evaluation. Also “shijo“ is used for larger records than “rekidai“. And “shijo“ contains the meaning of surprise or emphasis. ②In Japanese “rekidai“ is used for sport, age and smaller records than “shijo“. ③In Japanese “kako“ is used for objective values . And “kako“ is the most numerous and widely used. ④In korean “yeoktae“ is used for age and socio-cultural evaluation. “yeoktae“ contains the meaning of surprise or emphasis. Therefore, “yeoktae“ is often used for sports and social issues. And “yeoktae“ is more frequently used than “sasang“. ⑤In korean “sasang“ is used for objective values.

Internet survey on knowledge and perceptions of epilepsy among the general public in Japan

ObjectiveTo improve the life quality of people with epilepsy, it is necessary to provide comprehensive epilepsy care and disseminate accurate information related to epilepsy to the public. In Japan, reports of traffic accidents involving people with epilepsy started to draw attention in the media in 2011. Ever since that, the association between the image of epilepsy from the general public, “Epilepsy,” and “Danger,” was more robust in 2013. Since 2017, no previous surveys have examined the perceptions and knowledge of epilepsy among the public in Japan. As an essential source of information for epilepsy care, we conducted a nationwide Internet-based survey to elucidate the current state of knowledge and perceptions of epilepsy among the public without epilepsy in Japan. MethodsWe conducted an online survey from July 29 to August 2, 2021, with 213 respondents (115 male, 97 female, and one unidentified; mean age: 50.52 ± 12.34 years) registered with an online survey service in Japan. In this survey, we first questioned whether or not a respondent had epilepsy, and then those with epilepsy were excluded from participation. We collected basic demographic information, administered the Epilepsy Knowledge Scale (18 items), and asked the open-ended response question, “What kind of disease do you think epilepsy is? If you do not know, please describe epilepsy in your words.” We adopted quantitative text analysis using KH Coder3 and co-occurrence network analysis to examine the connections between words. ResultsAmong the respondents, 92% have heard of epilepsy, and 26.8% have observed an epileptic seizure before the survey. The knowledge scale yields an average score of 27.96 ± 21.3 (out of 100), with the question with the highest percentage of correct responses being “People with epilepsy are just as capable as other people” at 51.64%. The question with the lowest percentage of correct responses was “If the person with epilepsy only has seizures during sleep, the person can have a driver's license,” at 9.85%. The average number of Japanese characters responding to open-ended text questions was 10.45 ± 8.87 characters (including Kanji, Hiragana, and Katakana). We found that the word "froth" appeared more frequently with experience of observing a seizure, and the words “occur” and “brain” appeared more frequently with higher knowledge of epilepsy. Furthermore, comparing the sources of information from what they learned about epilepsy, the words “seizure,” “faint,” and “consciousness” appeared more frequently in school, with family and friends, and in newspapers and television, respectively. ConclusionWe identified the level of knowledge and perceptions of epilepsy among the general public in Japan in 2021. By analyzing the qualitative aspects of open-ended text responses, we gathered information that might be useful for informing the public of future efforts to provide accurate information related to epilepsy.

An Evaluation of Kiso Moji Goi Course Learning

This study aims to obtain an overview of the results of the evaluation of the implementation of learning which includes methods, materials, media, academic services, and assessing learning outcomes of Basic Japanese Characters and Vocabulary faced by students. This study uses descriptive quantitative research methods, using several research techniques in the form of questionnaires, interviews, and document analysis. Respondents in this study were 45 first-level students of the Japanese Department, Faculty of Humanities, Universitas Komputer Indonesia in the 2021/2022 academic year. The results showed that 82.2% of students stated that they were satisfied with the learning method applied by the lecturer, 51.5% of students stated that the level of material difficulty was in the medium category, 88.9% of students stated that the learning media used by the lecturer was good, 84.4% of students stated that the test used by the lecturer was good carried out according to the material that has been taught, 88.9% of students are satisfied with the academic services provided by the lecturer, 93.4% of students got a good final grade. Therefore, based on the results of the evaluation that has been carried out, it can be concluded that the quality of the implementation of Kiso Moji Goi learning is good. Efforts to improve student learning outcomes, such as by increasing the quantity of the use of project-based learning and problem-based learning methods, are needed.

Resisting monolingualism in the creative writing classroom: adapting Yoko Tawada’s ‘surface translation’ and ‘microscopic readings’ of script

ABSTRACT With an interplay between Japanese, German, and to a lesser extent, English, Yoko Tawada’s oeuvre defies monolingualism. Her Japanese-English poem ‘Hamlet No See’ uses a staple of English literature, Shakespeare’s ‘To be, or not to be’ soliloquy as a treatment of the 2011 nuclear accident at the Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant. By foregrounding homophony, the poem can be understood on various levels with various meanings by listeners depending on their facilities in the languages involved. In her fiction, Tawada plays with the visual forms of letters of the Roman alphabet, defamiliarising the reader from the sense of their arbitrariness. Sound and script come together in phonics-based transcription software used to input Japanese characters using a QWERTY keyboard, and here, Tawada has said, words become ‘changelings that make shapeshifters of the letters on the page’. Through scripts and sounds and what ‘dances’ between them, translingual writing becomes a kaleidoscope of multidimensional meaning and artful, fruitful uncertainty. This study experiments with Tawada’s keyboard changeling concept, adapting it for use by postsecondary creative writing students, providing them with a deceptively simple introductory practice for resisting the longstanding hegemony of anglophone traditions and forms in creative writing education.

Japanese Collections by Anna E. Gluskina in the Museum of Anthropology and Ethnography

Anna Evgenievna Gluskina (1904–1994) is known as an outstanding translator of Japanese poetry, teacher and educator, expert on Japanese culture, author of numerous academic articles and monographs. There are many well-known publications devoted to her life, her research and poetic work. However, her activities as a museum Japanologist, as well as her contribution to the formation and description of the Japanese collection of the Museum of Anthropology and Ethnography RAS (MAE), are still little known and underestimated. Meanwhile, Anna Evgenievna's debut as a professional Japanologist is connected with her work at the MAE; she spent almost 9 years of her life in the museum (1925–1933). During her academic trip to Japan in 1928, she acquired over 700 pieces that characterize various aspects of traditional Japanese culture, for the museum: Shinto cult objects, a variety of theatrical accessories including marionette puppets and kageboshi shadow theatre items, numerous traditional agricultural implements and fishing gear, peasants’ costumes and agricultural instruments as well as about 400 photographs and negatives. All these items were organized into 7 material and 6 photographic collections; the descriptions were made by Anna Evgenievna at a very high professional level and are distinguished by great accuracy; each item is provided with a detailed attribution and ethnic designation supplied with its Japanese character writing and indication of the circumstances of their acquisition. By the early 1930s, Anna Evgenievna had fully established herself not only as a professional Japanologist, but ethnographer and museum researcher, too; however, the dramatic circumstances intervening into the life of the MAE in 1933 had interrupted her activities in this field.