Item-objective Congruence Research Articles

Translation, psychometric testing and implementation of the perineal assessment tool for assessing incontinence-associated dermatitis risk in semi-intensive care patients

Skin injury is a growing issue among older adults, especially when admitted to an intensive care unit or long-term care facility. Skin prevention is a key point in dealing with this issue, and prompt and effective screening instruments should be used to identify risks and start preventive interventions and care. This descriptive study aimed to translate and examine the psychometric property and implement the Perineal Assessment Tool for incontinence associated dermatitis risk assessment. The English version was translated into Thai following the international guidelines from the World Health Organization by the bilinguals. From May to June 2023, 119 patients from the semi-intensive care unit were included using a consecutive sampling method. The research instruments included the demographic questionnaires, the original English version, and the translated Thai version. The Thai Version had a content validity index, an index of item-objective congruence, a Pearson correlation coefficient of percent agreement, the Pearson correlation coefficient of the interrater reliability, the Kappa coefficient of interrater reliability, the Pearson correlation coefficient of the intra-rater reliability, and the Kappa coefficient of intra-rater reliability ranked from 0.75 to 1.00. The 21.95% had a high risk of developing incontinence-associated dermatitis, which was associated with females, the length of stay in hospital and semi-intensive care unit longer than or equal to four days, receiving antibiotics, disease severity greater than or equal to 20 points, the albumin level less than 3.8 g/dl, and neuropathy and brain disorders. In conclusion, this instrument has high validity and reliability and can assess patients at risk of incontinence-associated dermatitis. This tool will help with early risk detection and guide for planning to manage various risk conditions to prevent dermatitis instead of taking care of them after the skin has already been damaged.

Self-rating scale in self-directed learning in workplace context: a case study of Thai operational employees in the petrochemical plant industry

PurposeThis study addresses the need for a validated tool to assess self-directed learning (SDL) behaviors among Thai operational employees in the petrochemical industry. Understanding SDL capabilities is essential for effective human resource development, given the complexity of plant operations and the need for continuous skill enhancement.Design/methodology/approachThis research adapts the self-rating scale of self-directed learning (SRSSDL) to the Thai workplace context. The SRSSDL was translated into Thai and adapted for the workplace. Five experts validated the content, and validity and reliability testing was conducted with 50 operational employees from Thai petrochemical plants. Confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) and Cronbach’s alpha were used to assess the instrument’s reliability and validity.FindingsContent validation confirmed that all SRSSDL items had an item-objective congruence (IOC) score above 0.5. CFA results showed a good model fit (comparative fit index [CFI] = 0.99, Tucker–Lewis index [TLI] = 0.98, root mean square error of approximation [RMSEA] = 0.02 and standardized root mean square residual [SRMR] = 0.02). Reliability analysis showed Cronbach’s alpha values from 0.91 to 0.96, indicating excellent internal consistency.Originality/valueThis research is the first study to assess and prove the content validity, construct validity and reliability of the SRSSDL in the context of Thai workplaces, particularly in the petrochemical industry. The SRSSDL is a reliable and valid tool for assessing SDL behaviors among Thai operational employees. It enhances human resource development by identifying SDL capabilities and fostering continuous improvement and SDL.

Guidelines for Developing Innovative Thinking Skills of Teachers in Samut Prakan Vocational Colleges, Thailand

The objectives of this research were 1) to study the innovative thinking skills of teachers in Samut Prakan Vocational Colleges, Thailand, and 2) to study guidelines for developing innovative thinking skills of teachers in Samut Prakan Vocational Colleges, Thailand. The sample consisted of 5 experts for interviews, and 201 teachers for questionnaires. The research instruments were questionnaires with an IOC (Index of Item-Objective Congruence) value between .67 and 1.00, and a reliability value of .96 and an interview form. Data were analyzed by using mean, standard deviation, and content analysis. The results of the research were as follows : 1) the innovative thinking skills of teachers were at a high level, in overall and particular aspects, ranking from the highest to the lowest mean : Crafting, Imaging, Personalizing, Collaborative, Serious play, and Paying attention, and 3) Development Guidelines of 1) Crafting: Workshops and Training, Collaborative Projects, Case Studies, Industry Collaboration, and Innovation Labs; 2) Imaging: Incorporate Visual Storytelling ,Utilize Digital and Immersive Tools, Real-World Applications and Simulations, Visual Mapping for Critical Thinking, and Collaborative Visual Brainstorming; 3) Personalizing: Teacher Training and Reflection, Student-Centered Learning, Industry Collaboration and Practical Application, Collaborative Platforms for Peer Learning, and Tailored Learning Plans; 4) Collaborative inquiry: Structured Collaborative Environments, Collaborative Research Projects, Technology Integration, Leadership in Collaboration, and Institutional Networks; 5) Serious play: Innovation Labs/Makerspaces, Prototyping and Iteration, Workshops and Collaborative Projects, Challenge-Based Learning, and Innovation Challenges; and 6) Paying attention: Implement Hands-On Workshops, Integrate Technology, Adopt Project-Based Learning, Foster Collaborative Learning, and Encourage Cross-Disciplinary Learning.

Development of Morality and Ethics in Educational Institutions under the Office of the Vocational Education Commission Pathum Thani Province

Background and Aims: Developing a nation to compete with advanced countries requires prioritizing human resource development, with education serving as the foundation of this progress. Quality education establishes a sustainable knowledge base, essential for achieving economic, social, and political growth. This study aims to: (1) evaluate the level of moral and ethical development among staff in vocational institutions governed by the Vocational Education Commission in Pathum Thani Province; (2) compare staff perspectives on moral and ethical growth based on variables such as gender, position, and age; and (3) identify effective strategies to enhance moral and ethical standards within these educational institutions in Pathum Thani Province. Methodology: The sample group for this research included 348 personnel from institutions under the Office of the Vocational Education Commission in Pathum Thani Province during the 2023 academic year, selected via stratified random sampling. Research tools comprised a questionnaire using a 5-point rating scale, which had an Item-Objective Congruence (IOC) value ranging from 0.80 to 1.00, a reliability coefficient of 0.83, and a structured interview. Data analysis utilized statistical methods such as frequency, percentage, mean, and standard deviation, along with t-tests, F-tests, and pairwise comparisons using Scheffe’s method. Results: The research results indicated that: (1) The overall level of morality and ethics development in educational institutions under the Office of the Vocational Education Commission in Pathum Thani Province was rated high across all dimensions, with consistently high ratings for each specific aspect. (2) Comparative analysis revealed significant differences in morality and ethics development based on gender and position at the 0.05 significance level, but no significant differences were found based on age. (3) Guidelines for enhancing morality and ethics emphasized systematic professional oversight, recognition of outstanding personnel, and structured curricula for moral and ethical growth. The Office of the Vocational Education Commission highlighted merit-based assessments grounded in moral principles, clear standards, and well-defined workloads. Additionally, educational administrators demonstrated effective leadership by modeling rational behavior, prioritizing reason over emotion.

Administration of Vocational Education Bilateral System of Educational Institutions under the Office of the Commission Rayong Province Vocational Education

Background and Aims: The study of bilateral vocational education administration in educational institutions under the Rayong Vocational Education Institute aims to: (1) assess the level of vocational education administration within the bilateral system of vocational institutes in Rayong Province, based on the standards set by the Vocational Education Commission; (2) compare the levels of vocational education administration between different vocational education institutes in Rayong Province; and (3) explore guidelines for promoting or developing the administration of vocational education under the bilateral system within institutions under the Rayong Vocational Education Institute. Methodology: The study involved 201 participants in the sample group. Data collection was carried out using questionnaires with a 5-point rating scale and structured interviews, yielding Item-Objective Congruence (IOC) values between 0.80 and 1.00, and a reliability coefficient of 0.97. Statistical analysis included t-tests, F-tests, as well as frequency, percentage, mean, and standard deviation to effectively interpret the data. Results: (1) The Rayong Vocational Education Institute oversees a bilateral system of educational institutions, and the vocational education administration demonstrates a high level of proficiency in four main areas: curriculum, measurement and evaluation, collaboration between establishments and educational institutions, and graduate quality. (2) Using a t-test, vocational education administration in the bilateral system was analyzed based on categories such as position, educational level, individual items, and overall assessment. An F-test was also conducted to assess differences according to the size of the educational institutions. While administrators and teachers from different positions, educational backgrounds, and institution sizes had varied opinions on vocational education administration, there were no significant overall differences in perception. (3) Comprehensive guidelines for enhancing the administration of vocational education in the bilateral system should focus on four key areas: 1) improving graduate quality, 2) enhancing the curriculum, 3) fostering collaboration between businesses and educational institutions, and 4) refining measurement and evaluation processes.

Developing a High School Mental Health Action Checklist in Thailand: insights on perception and communication.

This study aimed to develop a mental health action checklist for high school students that emphasized the importance of readiness, safety, and good hygiene at work to enhance their mental health and prepare them for the workforce. In total, 949 students from public high schools in Bangkok, Thailand voluntarily participated in this study. The 15-item High School Mental Health Action Checklist was developed based on a literature review and a pilot study. We used the index of item-objective congruence (IOC) to verify the content validity of the Checklist and exploratory factor analysis (EFA) to establish its construct validity. The tool's internal consistency was estimated using Cronbach's alpha coefficient. The High School Mental Health Action Checklist had good content (IOC = 0.867) and construct validity. EFA revealed four factors that accounted for 46.5% of the variance. The overall reliability coefficient for the High School Mental Health Action Checklist was 0.788, and the reliability coefficients of the subdomains were 0.783-0.797. The Checklist will allow schools to develop an annual action plan for student mental health promotion activities, in accordance with public health guidelines. Our results indicate the High School Student Mental Health Action Checklist has good psychometric properties.

Factors Affecting Internship Satisfaction among Tourism Majors: A Case Study

This study investigates the major factors affecting internship satisfaction among tourism majors and identifies the key elements that enhance it. Methods including Item-Objective Congruence (IOC), pilot testing, and Multiple Linear Regression (MLR) were used. The findings reveal that the working environment has the greatest impact on internship satisfaction, followed by job attitude and career expectations, while perceived supervisor support has an insignificant effect. The study concludes that fostering a positive job attitude, aligning internships with career expectations, and establishing a favorable working environment are crucial for enhancing internship satisfaction.

Factor Affecting Work Efficiency of Pick Tower Department Employees in Lotus Distribution Center, Khon Kaen, Thailand

The purpose of this study is to Factor Affecting Work Efficiency of Pick Tower Department Employees in Lotus Distribution Center Khon Kaen. The Sample is Pick Tower Department Employees in Lotus Distribution Center, Khon Kaen. The instrument used was a questionnaire consisting of 80 people by accidental sampling. The average of Item-Objective Congruence Index (IOC) was 0.78 and the Reliability index was 0.83. The statistics used for data analysis were percentage, mean, standard deviation and Stepwise Multiple Regression statistics. The findings disclosed as follows: (1) Motivating elements in terms of job responsibilities, supervisors grant employees autonomy and confidence in carrying out their duties, which has an impact on work productivity. (2) The policy and administration supporting factors consist of an organization-wide executive meeting where policies and work practices are explained, as well as employee participation in operation planning. With respect to the conditions of employment, A secure workplace exists. Orderly and orderly Convenient for business Having adequate and suitable equipment required to perform the task will have an impact on the task's efficacy with the significance level .05.

Components and Indicators of Innovators Among Primary School Teachers

The objectives of this study were: 1) to study the components and indicators of innovators in primary school teachers, and 2) to examine the consistency of the components model and indicators of innovators in primary school teachers with empirical data. The participants were 220 primary teachers under the Office of the Basic Education Commission in the Northeastern Region. The researcher determined the sample size based on a 20:1 ratio of the number of parameters and used a multi-stage random sampling. The research instrument was a questionnaire for developing elements and indicators of innovator in primary school teachers. The Item-Objective Congruence (IOC) index ranges from 0.80 to 1.00, the discriminatory power using Pearson Product-Moment Correlation ranges from 0.24 to 0.83, and the reliability of the entire instrument, as measured by Cronbach’s alpha coefficient (α), is 0.97. Data were analyzed using confirmatory factor analysis (CFA). The results revealed the following: 1) the elements and indicators of innovators in primary school teachers were identified through a synthesis of relevant documents and research, consisting of (1) initiative, (2) observation and asking questions, (3) interaction with others, (4) applying, and (5) adapting to the situation, with a total of 11 indicators. 2) The examination of the consistency of the components model and indicators of innovators in primary school teachers with empirical data found that (χ2) was equal to 15.073, the degrees of freedom (df) was equal to 22, the chi-square value is the correlation (χ2/df) is equal to 0.685. The statistical significance (p-value) was 0.859, and the goodness-of-fit index (GFI) was 0.988. The Relative Harmony Index (CFI) was equal to 1.000. The Harmonic Harmony Index (NFI) was equal to 0.985. The Root Mean Residual Index (RMR) was equal to 0.004. The square root of the mean square of the estimation (RMSEA) was equal to 0.000, indicating that this tool can be used to evaluate the innovators of primary school teachers.

Educational media utilization for rehabilitation among community-dwelling stroke survivors and their caregivers: a pilot study

Background: Recently, there has been an increasing number of stroke patients. Those who survive still need continuous rehabilitation after being discharged from the hospital. The information and knowledge on stroke rehabilitation at home is crucial for these patients and their caregivers. However, there has never been a study of educational media on rehabilitation for those patients and their caregivers in Thailand. Objective: To explore the educational media used in stroke rehabilitation, list their benefits, and the most satisfying media type for stroke participants and their caregivers after hospital discharge. Materials and methods: Twenty-eight stroke patients and twenty-one primary caregivers from two Subdistrict Municipalities and two Districts in Chaing Mai province were recruited using purposive sampling methods. All participants were aged 18 years and over and could communicate in Thai. All the stroke participants had no cognitive impairment screening by the Mental Status Examination-10 (MSET-10) and had self-rehabilitation therapy at home. A Questionnaire on the use of educational media in stroke rehabilitation with the index of item objective congruence (IOC) range between 0.67-1.00 was used for data collection. The statistics used were descriptive. Results: Stroke patients used information obtained primarily from medical personnel in the community (78.57%), while caregivers used advice from medical personnel the most in the hospitals (57.14%). Regarding the highest satisfaction with educational media, 59% of stroke patients and 42% of caregivers were satisfied with advice from medical personnel in the community. Stroke patients revealed that using a combination of advice from medical professionals, brochure-based media, and only document media was the most beneficial in providing knowledge about rehabilitation. For caregivers, the use of a combination of advice from medical professionals along with paper and video media, and the use of knowledge gained from online channels were the most beneficial. Conclusion: Rehabilitation education materials used by stroke patients and their caregivers at home offer the highest level of satisfaction for the patients and caregivers if the medium of people who can give advice and communicate on issues meets their needs. In addition, patients and caregivers agreed that rehabilitation education should include more than one form of media for maximum benefit. Therefore, health professionals should consider the format of educational media appropriate to the needs of service recipients to be able to use them most effectively.

The The development and psychometric properties of the Chiang Mai Aphasia Screening Test for stroke

Background: The aphasia screening test detects language and speech impairments, clarifying individuals’ language and speech abilities before administering a standardized aphasia diagnosis test. Objective: This study aimed to develop and validate an aphasia screening test for suspected cerebrovascular accident (CVA) patients with communication difficulties. Materials and methods: The study underwent two phases: developing and assessing psychometric properties. Five experts established content validity across receptive language, expressive language, reading, and writing. The Chiang Mai Aphasia Screening Test (CMAST) was evaluated on 14 CVA patients with and 14 without aphasia. Results: The content validity showed item-objective congruence ranging from 0.80 to 1.00. Sensitivity and specificity were 96.30% and 69%, respectively, with a maximum Youden’s Index at 65.30% and a cut-off point of 43 points. Concurrent validity was high (phi coefficient =0.67), and significant score differences (p<0.001) in construct validity confirmed the tool’s ability to distinguish aphasic from non-aphasic patients. Inter-rater reliability (ICC=0.99) and internal consistency (Cronbach’s alpha =0.97, 95% CI 0.95-0.98) were observed. Conclusion: The CMAST, comprising 45 items, exhibits sufficient validity and reliability for screening individuals suspected of aphasia due to CVA.

Effects of Marathon Competition on Economic Aspects in Guangzhou City

Background and Aim: In recent years, participation in Chinese marathons has experienced significant growth, with the number of participants rising from thousands to hundreds of thousands, and even millions. This surge underscores the growing economic impact of marathon events on urban economies, as they attract participants and stimulate various related industries. However, this rapid expansion also presents challenges in organizing and managing these events, particularly in ensuring safety, professionalism, and fairness. Materials and Methods: The objective of this study was twofold: first, to measure the direct economic impact of hosting major marathon events, and second, to develop a guideline for hosting such events in Guangzhou city. The research utilized a descriptive survey method, employing questionnaires to gather data from different stakeholders and participants involved in the Guangzhou Marathon. Subjects were a simple random sampling of 341 participants, including college students, social workers, and marathon enthusiasts. The research instrument was questionnaire development, and four separate questionnaires were designed to address different aspects of the research: 1) "Marathon runners wearing shoe survey". 2) "Consumer Survey of Marathon Participants". 3) "Guangzhou Marathon and the Image of Guangzhou". 4). "Investigation on the Impact of Holding a City Marathon on the City Economy". To ensure the validity and reliability of the questionnaires, the following steps were taken: content and structure evaluation by 10 experts in related fields, pilot testing for validity, with an Index of Item-Objective Congruence (IOC) of 1. Data Analysis: The collected data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, including frequency and percentage. Results: 1) guidelines for the economic aspects of hosting the Guangzhou Marathon, based on the POLC (Planning, Organizing, Leading, and Controlling) theory framework, such as planning: conduct economic impact analysis, set objectives, develop an economic plan, and establish partnerships. Organizing: form an economic committee, develop a marketing plan, coordinate with businesses, engage sporting brands, and facilitate temporary employment. Leading: Provide leadership, maintain communication, foster collaboration, ensure regulatory compliance, and Control: Monitor progress, collect data, conduct reviews, implement quality control, and conduct post-event economic impact analysis. 2) Summary of the new knowledge presented in 4 parts: Marathoners' investments were to prioritize mid-high priced running shoes, purchase dedicated running apparel, invest in watches, headphones, and accessories, and optimize training and performance. Economic benefits included enhanced city visibility and image, driving sporting goods sales, attracting tourism and hospitality revenue, and creating new employment opportunities. Social and cultural impacts were to promote sports participation, foster creativity and cultural expression, increase social cohesion, and enhance city vibrancy and global profile. The Guangzhou Marathon's role was to promote sports culture, boost sponsor brand power and recognition, showcase economic development strengths, and provide perceived multifaceted benefits. Conclusion: The data suggests that hosting a large-scale city marathon can bring about various benefits such as economic growth, social engagement, cultural enrichment, and enhanced city branding, making it an appealing event to organize for cities, as indicated by the respondents surveyed.

Effect of Mastery Learning Combined with Mind Mapping Technique on the Students’ Sculpture Performance Ability for Junior University Students

Background and Aims: The Chinese government has issued a series of policy documents to support the development of the cultural industry, providing policy guarantees and guidance for the development of sculpture education. Traditional teaching methods usually use unified teaching content and teaching methods, which cannot meet the individual needs of students. The comprehensive application of "Mastery Learning with Mind Mapping" theory and methods can provide solid technical support and rich teaching methods for the reform of sculpture education. Through the application of personalized learning plans and mind mapping, students' learning content and space can be expanded, and their learning efficiency and learning quality can be improved. This comprehensive approach can not only meet students' learning needs but also stimulate their learning interest and creativity and promote their all-round development. Therefore, the promotion and application of this method in sculpture education are of great significance and value. This study aims to explore and evaluate the impact of mastery learning combined with mind mapping technique on college students' sculpture learning achievements and performance ability through mastery learning combined with mind mapping technique. Materials and Methods: The instruments for the experiment were four lesson plans. To evaluate the quality of a curriculum plan, it can be assessed using a Likert five-point scale. The quality of the scale can be measured using the Item-Objective Congruence (IOC) The assessment process involves analyzing each component of the lesson plan, attributing scores on the Likert scale, and then calculating the average score and the standard deviation (SD) for each component. The instruments for collecting data were two instruments needed to collect the sampling data, as the detailed list showed: sculpture score assessment and sculpture performance competency assessment. The sample was 30 students (one class) among the 120 junior students in the 2023 academic year. The procedures for data collection are as follows, the sample learning achievement before and after learning through Mastery Learning with Mind mapping and sculpture performance ability after learning through Mastery Learning with Mind mapping with the established 70 percent Results: The study evaluated the effectiveness of employing mastery learning combined with mind mapping techniques to enhance students' learning achievement and sculpture performance ability. Significant improvement was observed, with posttest scores surpassing pretest scores (t =13.06*, p =0.05). Furthermore, students' sculpture performance ability scores after mastering learning with mind mapping (81.1%) exceeded the 70% criterion, with statistical significance (t =11.05*, p =0.001). Conclusion: Compared with previous related studies, the results of this study showed that using mastery learning combined with mind mapping technique teaching had a significant positive effect on the sophomore research on sculpture performance ability. This is consistent with the findings of Chen Linsheng (2022), who found that the use of mind-mapping techniques in art education can improve students' learning achievement. Combining the findings of previous studies and the results of this study, we can conclude that mastery learning combined with mind mapping technique teaching has positive effects on the ability of sculpture performance in sophomore students. However, further research still needs to explore the impact of different teaching methods on students of different grades and specialties to get a more comprehensive understanding of the effects of mastery learning combined with mind-mapping technique teaching.

Construction of an Intensive Training Program for Badminton Reserve Players Before Team Selection Match

Background and Aim: This research was an intensive training program for badminton reserve players to select matches. The objective was to 1) construct an intensive training program for badminton reserve players before team selection matches,2) study the effect of an intensive training program for badminton reserve players before team selection matches on physical fitness and badminton skills, 3) compare physical fitness and badminton skill within the experimental group between the pre-test, after week 4, and post-test, and 4) to compare badminton skills and mental fitness between pre-match and post-match competitions. Materials and Methods: This quasi-experimental research involved the purposive sampling method of 26 youth badminton members from the Dongguan Xianghong Badminton Club in Guangzhou, dividing the subjects into specific events of badminton competition, such as men's singles, women's singles, men's doubles, women's doubles, and mixed doubles. The intensive training program was developed by the researcher, content validated with an index of item objective congruence (IOC) of 0.83, that with the first six weeks, they trained in technical, physical fitness, and strength training; in the last 2 weeks, they trained specific techniques and tactics, eight weeks duration, five days per week. All subjects were examined before training on the pre-match competition and mental fitness, then the pre-test on badminton skills and physical fitness. They conducted the training program, the test after week 4, and the post-test. In the final, they were examined on the post-match competition and mental fitness. Data analysis, the mean was compared between the pre-test, after week 4, and post-test with one-way ANOVA repeated measurement, and Bonferroni pairwise post hoc. The mean comparison of match competition between pre-match with post-match competition and mental fitness was conducted by t-test dependent. Results: (1) Mean comparison between pre-match competitions and post-match, all badminton skills and mental fitness showed significant differences. (2) Mean comparison of badminton skills between pre-test, after weeks 4 and post-test, all of pairwise were significant differences. And (3) Mean comparison of physical fitness between the pre-test, after weeks 4 and post-test, all of pairwise were significant differences. Conclusion: An intensive Training program for Badminton can improve badminton skills, physical fitness, and mental fitness for reserve players before a team selection match.

Factors Related to The Active Aging Concept and Functional Capacity in The Thai Elderly

Objective: This study aimed to examine factors related to the active aging concept and functional capacity in elderly Thais. Material and Methods: The study population was 253 elderly people aged 60 years and over. The tools used for data collection were a standardized active aging concept questionnaire, which had an index of item objective congruence (IOC) of 0.938. The descriptive statistics used percentages, means, and standard deviation, and inferential statistics were calculated through stepwise multivariate linear regression to investigate the factors that impacted the functional abilities associated with active aging. Results: The results showed that functional capacity had a low to moderately positive correlated significance with mean a correlation with the willingness of the elderly people to follow or practice the active aging concept, the health service system and environmental and lifestyle factors had a moderately positive effect; and behavior had a low positive correlated significance with practice the active aging. The regression coefficients of the health service system factors and environmental and lifestyle factors had a positive relationship to the practice of active aging. Conclusion: In summary, the health service system and environmental and lifestyle factors had a positive relationship with the practice of active aging. Relevant agencies can use this as basic information for planning and promoting the development of increased functional capacity for the elderly.

Understanding critical barriers to the adoption of blockchain technology in the logistics context: An interpretive structural modelling approach

Blockchain technology has promising benefits and provides robust solutions for managing business processes. While prior studies have primarily explored its potential in supporting logistics and supply chain management, many practitioners still lack a clear understanding of how to leverage blockchain technology, hindering its adoption within the industry. Bridging this gap and addressing critical barriers requires further empirical research. This study adopts a comprehensive approach, identifying potential barriers through a literature review and validating their significance through the Index of Item-Objective Congruence (IOC). The study then delves into the interrelationships among the significant barriers, utilising Interpretive Structural Modelling (ISM) and MICMAC methods. The results highlight seven significant barriers within the logistics sector, encompassing a lack of government support, operational standards, top management support, limited public awareness, trust issues, technical challenges, and network collaboration difficulties. Notably, the lack of public awareness and inadequate governmental support form fundamental obstacles that drive various challenges. This research offers insights into the barriers that hinder the successful adoption of blockchain technology in logistics, proposing several mitigation strategies that are in line with the principles of open innovation.

Developing Cerebral Palsy Screening of Functional Abilities in School (CPS –FAS)

Objective: This study aimed to determine the psychometric property of a newly developed functional abilities screening tool for children with cerebral palsy (CP) in special education units. Materials and Methods: This study was designed as a cross-sectional study. The tool for cerebral palsy screening of functional abilities in school (CPS-FAS) was established by surveying 28 pediatric physical therapists and holding focus group discussions with them. The CPS-FAS tool was used to evaluate content validity, reliability, and discriminative ability with 30 school-age children with CP at levels 1-3 of the Gross Motor Function Classification System (GMFCS). Results: The CPS-FAS generation process established 21 activity-problem screening items for children with CP, which had good content validity (index of item-objective congruence (IOC) = 1), good internal consistency (α = 0.92), and showed significant differences between GMFCS levels 1 and 3 (p > 0.001) and GMFCS levels 2 and 3 (p > 0.001). Conclusion: The CPS-FAS tool can be applied to school-age children with CP in a special education unit to screen such children for activity problems that affect school living without environmental obstruction and language barriers, and it only takes a short time (10-15 minutes) to complete.

The development of a science, technology and society phenomenon-based learning model for promoting grade 12 students’ problem-solving in geohazard

This research aimed to: a) synthesize the Science, Technology, and Society Phenomenon-based Learning Model (STS-PhBL) for teaching Geoharzard to students; and b) compare students’ problem-solving skills prior to and after the STS-PhBL lessons on the Geoharzard topic. The sample consisted of 39 Grade 12 students enrolled in the first semester of the 2021 academic year at one secondary school in Surin Province, Thailand. The data collection methods included the panel of experts’ evaluation of STS-PhBL lesson plans and the Problem-Solving Skills Test. The Index of Item-Objective-Congruence (IOC) of STS-PhBL lesson plans on Geoharzard was calculated. Also, the students’ problem-solving skills prior to and after the STS-PhBL lessons in the Geoharzard topic were analyzed by using the paired-samples t-test. The researchers synthesized a new STS-PhBL model from the intensive literature review, consisting of seven teaching steps: a) stimulate the phenomenon; b) identify problems in the phenomenon; c) explore the answer to the targeted problem; d) construct new knowledge; e) reflect on learning; f) exchange and share learning; and g) apply knowledge. The STS-PhBL lesson plans on Geoharzard met the IOC requirements. After learning STS-PhBL lessons, the students significantly improved their problem-solving skills at the 0.05 statistically significant level.

FACTORS INFLUENCING CULINARY STUDENTS’ LEARNING PERFORMANCE-THE CASE AND EMPIRICAL RESEARCH OF THE HIGHER VOCATIONAL STUDENTS IN ZHEJIANG, CHINA

In recent years, the booming higher vocational education sector in China has compelled vocational colleges to prioritize the academic achievement of higher vocational students. Our research aims to delve into the factors that shape culinary students' learning performance, drawing insights from a case study and empirical analysis of higher vocational students in Zhejiang, China. Prior to administering the questionnaire, we employed item-objective congruence (IOC) and a pilot test of Cronbach's alpha to ensure the content's validity and reliability. We selected 80 culinary students from a Zhejiang-based higher vocational institution using intervention methods for our study. We employed both qualitative and quantitative techniques to evaluate the efficacy of the intervention. Three phases structured the study: pre-IDI intervention design and implementation, IDI intervention, and post-IDI intervention. The findings indicated that self-efficacy, behavioral engagement, cognitive engagement, emotional engagement, and student-instructor interaction significantly impact learning performance. We validated the five proposed hypotheses, thereby achieving the research objectives. The study recommends that educators in higher vocational universities and colleges prioritize these factors and teaching methods to enhance student learning performance, taking heed of the study's outcomes.

Development of Instructional Leadership Indicators of Teachers in Educational Opportunity Expansion Schools under the Primary Educational Service Area Offices in the Northeast

The purposes of this study were to: 1) identify instructional leadership of teachers, 2) develop the Instructional leadership indicators of teachers, 3) investigate the goodness-of-fit between the structural model of instructional leadership indicators of teachers and empirical data, and 4) produce a user manual of the instructional leadership indicators of teachers in educational opportunity expansion schools under the Primary Educational Service Area Offices in the northeast. The study was divided into four phases. The findings were as follows 1. The components of instructional leadership of teachers in educational opportunity expansion schools consisted of seven components, namely 1) self and other teacher development, 2) curriculum development ability, 3) learning management ability, 4) learning assessment and evaluation ability, 5) transformational leadership, 6) learning exchange ability and 7) moral and ethics. 2. The indicators of instructional leadership of teachers in educational opportunity expansion schools comprised seven principal components, 25 sub-components and 98 indicators. All principal components achieved the mean scores at high level of appropriateness 3. The indicator structural model of instructional leadership of teachers in educational opportunity expansion schools was congruent with empirical data. (Chi-Square=202.84, df=176, p=0.08095, GFI=0.97, AGFI =0.95, RMSEA=0.016, CN=668.53) and 4. The user manual of the instructional leadership of teacher indicators in educational opportunity expansion schools under the Primary Educational Service Area Offices in four aspects obtained the Index of item-objective congruence (IOC) at 1.00 indicated that the user manual was appropriated to be implemented.