Index Of Item-objective Congruence Research Articles

Educational media utilization for rehabilitation among community-dwelling stroke survivors and their caregivers: a pilot study

Background: Recently, there has been an increasing number of stroke patients. Those who survive still need continuous rehabilitation after being discharged from the hospital. The information and knowledge on stroke rehabilitation at home is crucial for these patients and their caregivers. However, there has never been a study of educational media on rehabilitation for those patients and their caregivers in Thailand. Objective: To explore the educational media used in stroke rehabilitation, list their benefits, and the most satisfying media type for stroke participants and their caregivers after hospital discharge. Materials and methods: Twenty-eight stroke patients and twenty-one primary caregivers from two Subdistrict Municipalities and two Districts in Chaing Mai province were recruited using purposive sampling methods. All participants were aged 18 years and over and could communicate in Thai. All the stroke participants had no cognitive impairment screening by the Mental Status Examination-10 (MSET-10) and had self-rehabilitation therapy at home. A Questionnaire on the use of educational media in stroke rehabilitation with the index of item objective congruence (IOC) range between 0.67-1.00 was used for data collection. The statistics used were descriptive. Results: Stroke patients used information obtained primarily from medical personnel in the community (78.57%), while caregivers used advice from medical personnel the most in the hospitals (57.14%). Regarding the highest satisfaction with educational media, 59% of stroke patients and 42% of caregivers were satisfied with advice from medical personnel in the community. Stroke patients revealed that using a combination of advice from medical professionals, brochure-based media, and only document media was the most beneficial in providing knowledge about rehabilitation. For caregivers, the use of a combination of advice from medical professionals along with paper and video media, and the use of knowledge gained from online channels were the most beneficial. Conclusion: Rehabilitation education materials used by stroke patients and their caregivers at home offer the highest level of satisfaction for the patients and caregivers if the medium of people who can give advice and communicate on issues meets their needs. In addition, patients and caregivers agreed that rehabilitation education should include more than one form of media for maximum benefit. Therefore, health professionals should consider the format of educational media appropriate to the needs of service recipients to be able to use them most effectively.

Effects of Marathon Competition on Economic Aspects in Guangzhou City

Background and Aim: In recent years, participation in Chinese marathons has experienced significant growth, with the number of participants rising from thousands to hundreds of thousands, and even millions. This surge underscores the growing economic impact of marathon events on urban economies, as they attract participants and stimulate various related industries. However, this rapid expansion also presents challenges in organizing and managing these events, particularly in ensuring safety, professionalism, and fairness. Materials and Methods: The objective of this study was twofold: first, to measure the direct economic impact of hosting major marathon events, and second, to develop a guideline for hosting such events in Guangzhou city. The research utilized a descriptive survey method, employing questionnaires to gather data from different stakeholders and participants involved in the Guangzhou Marathon. Subjects were a simple random sampling of 341 participants, including college students, social workers, and marathon enthusiasts. The research instrument was questionnaire development, and four separate questionnaires were designed to address different aspects of the research: 1) "Marathon runners wearing shoe survey". 2) "Consumer Survey of Marathon Participants". 3) "Guangzhou Marathon and the Image of Guangzhou". 4). "Investigation on the Impact of Holding a City Marathon on the City Economy". To ensure the validity and reliability of the questionnaires, the following steps were taken: content and structure evaluation by 10 experts in related fields, pilot testing for validity, with an Index of Item-Objective Congruence (IOC) of 1. Data Analysis: The collected data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, including frequency and percentage. Results: 1) guidelines for the economic aspects of hosting the Guangzhou Marathon, based on the POLC (Planning, Organizing, Leading, and Controlling) theory framework, such as planning: conduct economic impact analysis, set objectives, develop an economic plan, and establish partnerships. Organizing: form an economic committee, develop a marketing plan, coordinate with businesses, engage sporting brands, and facilitate temporary employment. Leading: Provide leadership, maintain communication, foster collaboration, ensure regulatory compliance, and Control: Monitor progress, collect data, conduct reviews, implement quality control, and conduct post-event economic impact analysis. 2) Summary of the new knowledge presented in 4 parts: Marathoners' investments were to prioritize mid-high priced running shoes, purchase dedicated running apparel, invest in watches, headphones, and accessories, and optimize training and performance. Economic benefits included enhanced city visibility and image, driving sporting goods sales, attracting tourism and hospitality revenue, and creating new employment opportunities. Social and cultural impacts were to promote sports participation, foster creativity and cultural expression, increase social cohesion, and enhance city vibrancy and global profile. The Guangzhou Marathon's role was to promote sports culture, boost sponsor brand power and recognition, showcase economic development strengths, and provide perceived multifaceted benefits. Conclusion: The data suggests that hosting a large-scale city marathon can bring about various benefits such as economic growth, social engagement, cultural enrichment, and enhanced city branding, making it an appealing event to organize for cities, as indicated by the respondents surveyed.

Construction of an Intensive Training Program for Badminton Reserve Players Before Team Selection Match

Background and Aim: This research was an intensive training program for badminton reserve players to select matches. The objective was to 1) construct an intensive training program for badminton reserve players before team selection matches,2) study the effect of an intensive training program for badminton reserve players before team selection matches on physical fitness and badminton skills, 3) compare physical fitness and badminton skill within the experimental group between the pre-test, after week 4, and post-test, and 4) to compare badminton skills and mental fitness between pre-match and post-match competitions. Materials and Methods: This quasi-experimental research involved the purposive sampling method of 26 youth badminton members from the Dongguan Xianghong Badminton Club in Guangzhou, dividing the subjects into specific events of badminton competition, such as men's singles, women's singles, men's doubles, women's doubles, and mixed doubles. The intensive training program was developed by the researcher, content validated with an index of item objective congruence (IOC) of 0.83, that with the first six weeks, they trained in technical, physical fitness, and strength training; in the last 2 weeks, they trained specific techniques and tactics, eight weeks duration, five days per week. All subjects were examined before training on the pre-match competition and mental fitness, then the pre-test on badminton skills and physical fitness. They conducted the training program, the test after week 4, and the post-test. In the final, they were examined on the post-match competition and mental fitness. Data analysis, the mean was compared between the pre-test, after week 4, and post-test with one-way ANOVA repeated measurement, and Bonferroni pairwise post hoc. The mean comparison of match competition between pre-match with post-match competition and mental fitness was conducted by t-test dependent. Results: (1) Mean comparison between pre-match competitions and post-match, all badminton skills and mental fitness showed significant differences. (2) Mean comparison of badminton skills between pre-test, after weeks 4 and post-test, all of pairwise were significant differences. And (3) Mean comparison of physical fitness between the pre-test, after weeks 4 and post-test, all of pairwise were significant differences. Conclusion: An intensive Training program for Badminton can improve badminton skills, physical fitness, and mental fitness for reserve players before a team selection match.

Factors Related to The Active Aging Concept and Functional Capacity in The Thai Elderly

Objective: This study aimed to examine factors related to the active aging concept and functional capacity in elderly Thais. Material and Methods: The study population was 253 elderly people aged 60 years and over. The tools used for data collection were a standardized active aging concept questionnaire, which had an index of item objective congruence (IOC) of 0.938. The descriptive statistics used percentages, means, and standard deviation, and inferential statistics were calculated through stepwise multivariate linear regression to investigate the factors that impacted the functional abilities associated with active aging. Results: The results showed that functional capacity had a low to moderately positive correlated significance with mean a correlation with the willingness of the elderly people to follow or practice the active aging concept, the health service system and environmental and lifestyle factors had a moderately positive effect; and behavior had a low positive correlated significance with practice the active aging. The regression coefficients of the health service system factors and environmental and lifestyle factors had a positive relationship to the practice of active aging. Conclusion: In summary, the health service system and environmental and lifestyle factors had a positive relationship with the practice of active aging. Relevant agencies can use this as basic information for planning and promoting the development of increased functional capacity for the elderly.

Understanding critical barriers to the adoption of blockchain technology in the logistics context: An interpretive structural modelling approach

Blockchain technology has promising benefits and provides robust solutions for managing business processes. While prior studies have primarily explored its potential in supporting logistics and supply chain management, many practitioners still lack a clear understanding of how to leverage blockchain technology, hindering its adoption within the industry. Bridging this gap and addressing critical barriers requires further empirical research. This study adopts a comprehensive approach, identifying potential barriers through a literature review and validating their significance through the Index of Item-Objective Congruence (IOC). The study then delves into the interrelationships among the significant barriers, utilising Interpretive Structural Modelling (ISM) and MICMAC methods. The results highlight seven significant barriers within the logistics sector, encompassing a lack of government support, operational standards, top management support, limited public awareness, trust issues, technical challenges, and network collaboration difficulties. Notably, the lack of public awareness and inadequate governmental support form fundamental obstacles that drive various challenges. This research offers insights into the barriers that hinder the successful adoption of blockchain technology in logistics, proposing several mitigation strategies that are in line with the principles of open innovation.

Developing Cerebral Palsy Screening of Functional Abilities in School (CPS –FAS)

Objective: This study aimed to determine the psychometric property of a newly developed functional abilities screening tool for children with cerebral palsy (CP) in special education units. Materials and Methods: This study was designed as a cross-sectional study. The tool for cerebral palsy screening of functional abilities in school (CPS-FAS) was established by surveying 28 pediatric physical therapists and holding focus group discussions with them. The CPS-FAS tool was used to evaluate content validity, reliability, and discriminative ability with 30 school-age children with CP at levels 1-3 of the Gross Motor Function Classification System (GMFCS). Results: The CPS-FAS generation process established 21 activity-problem screening items for children with CP, which had good content validity (index of item-objective congruence (IOC) = 1), good internal consistency (α = 0.92), and showed significant differences between GMFCS levels 1 and 3 (p > 0.001) and GMFCS levels 2 and 3 (p > 0.001). Conclusion: The CPS-FAS tool can be applied to school-age children with CP in a special education unit to screen such children for activity problems that affect school living without environmental obstruction and language barriers, and it only takes a short time (10-15 minutes) to complete.

Development of Instructional Leadership Indicators of Teachers in Educational Opportunity Expansion Schools under the Primary Educational Service Area Offices in the Northeast

The purposes of this study were to: 1) identify instructional leadership of teachers, 2) develop the Instructional leadership indicators of teachers, 3) investigate the goodness-of-fit between the structural model of instructional leadership indicators of teachers and empirical data, and 4) produce a user manual of the instructional leadership indicators of teachers in educational opportunity expansion schools under the Primary Educational Service Area Offices in the northeast. The study was divided into four phases. The findings were as follows 1. The components of instructional leadership of teachers in educational opportunity expansion schools consisted of seven components, namely 1) self and other teacher development, 2) curriculum development ability, 3) learning management ability, 4) learning assessment and evaluation ability, 5) transformational leadership, 6) learning exchange ability and 7) moral and ethics. 2. The indicators of instructional leadership of teachers in educational opportunity expansion schools comprised seven principal components, 25 sub-components and 98 indicators. All principal components achieved the mean scores at high level of appropriateness 3. The indicator structural model of instructional leadership of teachers in educational opportunity expansion schools was congruent with empirical data. (Chi-Square=202.84, df=176, p=0.08095, GFI=0.97, AGFI =0.95, RMSEA=0.016, CN=668.53) and 4. The user manual of the instructional leadership of teacher indicators in educational opportunity expansion schools under the Primary Educational Service Area Offices in four aspects obtained the Index of item-objective congruence (IOC) at 1.00 indicated that the user manual was appropriated to be implemented.

A need analysis of English proficiency in engineering graduates: perspectives of the world’s leading companies in Thailand

ABSTRACT This study examines the crucial role of English proficiency in engineering careers, specifically within multinational corporations, addressing disparities between industry expectations and graduates’ language skills in non-native English-speaking countries. It aims to bridge this gap by aligning engineering English courses with international job market demands. Focusing on leading Thai companies with global headquarters, the investigation employs various techniques, including interviews, the index of item-objective congruence, the analytic hierarchy process, the analysis of variance, the Wilcoxon signed-ranks test, and a matrix plot. The comprehensive gap analysis highlights verbal communication skills as highly valued by engineering firms, emphasising adjustments in English curricula towards listening and speaking skills, with reading and writing skills constituting a smaller portion. Cross-regional consistency in skill importance is confirmed, facilitating generalisable conclusions. The research underlines the necessity for universities to improve students’ abilities in technical conversations, presentations, and negotiations through tailored lesson plans aligned with industry requirements.

21st Century Entrepreneurial Skills Development of Community Enterprises Chainat Province

Aims: This study intended to assess and enhance the importance of entrepreneurial skills for community enterprises in Chainat Province in the 21st century. Study Design: This study used a mixed method approach, combining qualitative data obtained from in-depth interviews with quantitative data gained using a questionnaire developed from the qualitative results. Place and Duration of Study: A sample of 400 community entrepreneurs in Chainat Province was chosen using cluster sampling and random selection techniques, between December 2021 and November 2022. Methodology: The qualitative research tool differs from the quantitative research tool. The questionnaire in quantitative research should have an Index of Item Objective Congruence (IOC) above 0.6 and a Cronbach's alpha of 0.95. Results: During the COVID-19 period, the qualitative research revealed that the majority of issues are marketing-related. Hence, they require marketing technologies. The quantitative research results indicated significant progress in two categories of entrepreneurial skills in the 21st century: innovation skills and marketing-related life and career skills. The other discoveries included educational materials tailored for modern-day business owners, catering to a range of learning styles. The text covered essential entrepreneurial skills for local businesses, sales promotion techniques, public relations strategies to acquire specific customers, sales negotiating skills, maintaining product branding, and developing new sales tactics. Conclusion: The study discovered that entrepreneurs in Chainat Province aspire to enhance their entrepreneurial abilities in the 21st century, particularly focusing on developing innovative skills and life and career skills

Validity and reliability of the Balance Error Score System (BESS) Thai version in patients with chronic non-specific neck pain.

Neck pain has been found to affect the somatosensory system, which can lead to impaired balance control. To assess the balance of patients with neck pain and other conditions, the balance error scoring system (BESS) is commonly used as a static balance measurement tool. However, this tool is seldom used in Thailand due to its English language format. To translate and determine the content, convergent validity, and reliability of a Thai version of the BESS tool. A process of cross-cultural adaptation was utilized to translate BESS into a Thai version, called BESS-TH. To assess content validity, five physical therapy lecturers specializing in the musculoskeletal field used BESS to measure balance in participants with neck pain. For the convergent validity process, 130 patients diagnosed with chronic non-specific neck pain (CNSNP) were randomly assessed using four static balance tests (BESS, Single-leg balance test (SLBT), Romberg test, and Tandem stance test). For reliability, two assessors with varying years of work experience independently assessed videos of the participants twice using the BESS-TH, with a minimum 7-day interval between assessments. The BESS-TH used to assess balance of patients with neck pain demonstrated acceptable content validity (index of item objective congruence (IOC) = 0.87). The Spearman's Rank Correlation Coefficient was calculated between the BESS-TH and three other measures: the SLBT with eyes open and eyes closed, the Romberg test with eyes open and eyes closed, and the Tandem stance test with eyes open and Tandem stance test with eyes closed. The values obtained were as follows: -0.672, -0.712, -0.367, -0.529, -0.570, and -0.738, respectively. The inter-rater and intra-rater reliability were 0.922 (95% CI = 0.864-0.956) and 0.971 (95% CI = 0.950-0.983), respectively. Minimum detectable change (MDC) for the total BESS score of inter-rater and intra-rater reliability were 7.16 and 4.34 points, respectively. The BESS-Thai version was acceptable, reliable, and valid for evaluating balance performance in patients with CNSNP. This tool can be used and applied to clinically evaluate postural control in Thailand.

Challenges and Benefits of Developing CEFR for Languages-Aligned Writing Assessments for Thai EFL Learners: A Case Study on Yala Rajabhat University Test of English Proficiency

This research aims to explore the development of the local standardized tests, Yala Rajabhat University Test of English Proficiency or YRU-TEP, tailored to specific regions, and explore the test aligning with the Common European Framework of Reference for Languages compared to another standardized test, English Discoveries. This study focuses on the context of Thai English as a foreign language learners’ context. To write the test items, Can-Do statements were employed as the expert panel discussed and agreed on the objectives of each skill assessed in each item. In contrast, each item was evaluated through the Index of Item Objective Congruence by the experts. Three hundred experimental groups of test takers have been involved through purposive random sampling. To explore if the YRU-TEP aligns with the CEFR proficiency levels, another standardized test, English Discoveries developed by the ETS has been employed. The experimental test takers took both tests, and the scores were calculated following the cutoff scores to see if they were equivalent. The results showed that 98.67% of the scores had equally the same CEFR levels. However, challenges exist in implementing CEFR-aligned writing assessments in this context. Addressing these challenges involves adapting CEFR to the Thai context, ensuring cultural relevance, refining assessment criteria, and effective resource management. This endeavor contributes to standardizing language proficiency assessment practices and enhancing the quality of EFL education, especially in the case of local tests like the YRU-TEP.

Development and survey of a questionnaire to measure parental perceptions of childhood defecation and constipation

BackgroundThere are insufficient data and measuring tools for parental perception of defecation and constipation in Thai children. The primary objective of this study was to develop a tool to measure parental perceptions towards defecation and constipation in children. The secondary objective was to identify parental understanding and misconceptions about these issues. MethodsThe authors developed a questionnaire in three domains: knowledge, attitude, and practice. Content validity was evaluated using the item-objective congruence index (IOC) by five experts. The reliability of the measure was assessed based on both internal consistency and test-retest reliability. Then, a descriptive cross-sectional survey was conducted on Thai parents at pediatric outpatient clinics and wards in Bhumibol Adulyadej Hospital. ResultsThe authors developed a first draft questionnaire consisting of 31 items, which were categorized into three domains of knowledge, attitude, and practice. During expert validation, five items were disqualified. To assess the questionnaire's reliability, Cronbach's alpha value was calculated and found to be 0.229 for the original questionnaire. However, after removing irrelevant questions, Cronbach's alpha value increased to 0.511 for an 18-item questionnaire. The adjusted questionnaire demonstrated excellent test-retest reliability (Intraclass correlation coefficient, ICC = 0.91). The survey with 306 parents revealed parental misconceptions about the pathophysiology of stool withholding, stool soiling indicating constipation, toilet training after meals, and monitoring bowel movements. ConclusionThe developed questionnaire helps to assess parental perception regarding defecation and constipation in Thai children. Based on the survey results, the authors suggest that parental education on these issues is still necessary.

Mediating the Drive: How Brand Image Shapes the Adoption of Technology and Innovation in Bangkok's Electric Vehicle Market

Background and Aim: The electric vehicle (EV) market in Bangkok has evolved driven by environmental concerns, urban congestion, government incentives, charging infrastructure development, and consumer preferences, making it a promising contributor to a cleaner and sustainable urban mobility landscape. This research explores the dynamics of technological acceptance, innovation, brand image, and decision-making in the context of electric vehicle (EV) adoption. Therefore, this research can be used as a guideline for policymakers, marketers, and industry stakeholders aiming to promote sustainable and technologically advanced transportation solutions. Materials and Methods: The study employs a quantitative approach, utilizing a questionnaire-based survey method, and targets a sample of 200 participants residing in Bangkok with prior knowledge of electric vehicles. Following the principles outlined by Gorsuch (1983), simple random sampling was applied. The index of item-objective congruence (IOC) was between 0.67-1.00. The Cronbach's alpha coefficient was between 0.835 - 0.919. Statistical analysis techniques encompassing percentages, averages, standard deviations, and structural equation modeling (SEM) were employed. Results: The findings of this research reveal that individuals possessing knowledge about electric cars exhibit a significantly high level of acceptance regarding technology, innovation, brand image, and decision-making. Also, they all have high scores in every aspect with a mean of 3.97, 3.81, 3.87, and 3.98, as well as standard deviations of 0.792, 0.764, 0.690, and 0.652, respectively. Furthermore, the study elucidates the factors influencing decision-making (DM) regarding electric vehicle purchases, with technology acceptance (TA) and innovation (IN) emerging as critical determinants. Both TA and IN exert direct effects on DM with values equal to 0.122 and 0.241. Additionally, these factors indirectly impact DM with values equal to 0.159 and 0.495, respectively, which underscore their multifaceted roles in shaping consumer choices. Importantly, TA and IN also have a direct effect of 0.270 and 0.840 on brand image. Notably, brand image has a direct effect on DM with values of 0.589. Conclusion: The findings underscore the significance of informed consumer knowledge and positive brand image in fostering the adoption of electric vehicles, aligning with the broader societal goal of sustainable and environmentally conscious mobility solutions.

O.4.3-11 The integration of Brain Gym Principle with Aerobic Dance for developing a new physical education instruction

Abstract Purpose The purpose of the study was to demonstrate a new Physical Education (PE) instruction by integrating the concept of Brain Gym (BY) Principles with Aerobic Dance (AD) to enhance cognitive and physical movement skills in secondary school students. Methods The study was a systematic documentary research by reviewing BY and AD related research paper. The inclusion criteria for selecting documents were reliability, representativeness, and meaning. These findings were reviewed using five experts in Physical education, brain gym, and aerobics dance exercise. The Item Objective Congruence Index (IOC) was certified with IOC=1, as the basis for considering and rechecking the results of the study. Results The new PE instruction composes of five steps: 1) introducing, reviewing, and checking the readiness of learning; 2) instructing, demonstrating, and rechecking; 3) practicing the brain and physical movement; 4) concluding and reflecting; and 5) cool down. Moreover, the learning activities should include four groups of the mix in low and high impact aerobics dance movements which were 1) Cross over; 2) Lengthening; 3) Energizing; and 4) Useful movement. Conclusions The brain gym principles benefits learner in cognitive function, which enhancing in learning, communication ability, attention, memory, academic performance. While aerobic dance activity helps learners to improve the physical movement abilities, increases blood circulation, decreasing cholesterol levels, and enjoyment in learning. This research demonstrates the process of developing a new PE approach using documentary research qualifies by PE expertise and found that the new approach composed of five step and must be adapted brain gym and aerobic exercises principles. Hence, this new PE teaching approach have been implemented using quasi-experimental research and approved to publish in a qualifies publisher in Thailand.

Causal Factors of Enhancing Employee Loyalty towards Organization

The objectives of the study were 1) to study “casual” factors enhancing employee loyalty towards organization, and 2) to develop a structural equation model of factors enhancing employee loyalty towards organization. The quantitative and qualitative research methods were implemented in this study. The quantitative data were collected from the interviews of 500 industrial business executives. The findings indicated that the significance levels of employee loyalty towards organization were high in all aspects. The highest significance level of leadership was that the executives provided a work manual describing the structure of work. The highest significance level of labor union was that the organizations provided proper cost-of-living and fringe benefits for employees. The highest significance level of organizational commitment was that the employees always maintained their organizational values. The hypothesis testing revealed that the small, medium, and large enterprises differently focused on the enhancement of employee loyalty towards organization at statistical significance level of .05. The results of structural equation model analysis showed that it passed the evaluation criteria with empirical data congruence including Chi-square probability of 0.699, relative Chi-square of 0.940, index of item objective congruence of 0.970, and root mean square error of approximation of 0.000.

The Development of Integrated Science Process Skills Test in Research and Knowledge Formation the Lower Secondary Students

The purposes of this research is to: 1) to create an integrated science process skill test, in Research and Knowledge Formation for lower secondary students. 2) to examine the quality of the integrated science process skill test scale and 3) to find a cut-off score and create a manual for using the integrated science process skill measurement in research and knowledge formation for lower secondary students. The sample group in this research was a 950 lower secondary students in the world-class International standard school under the Secondary Educational Service Area Office 17 in 2nd semester, academic year 2018, selected by simple random sampling technique. The instrument used in the research was the multiple choice with 4 options for 40 items. The results of this research were as follow: the content validity of integrated science process skill measurement test was at a good quality whit the Index of Item-Objective Congruence (IOC) was at .67-1.00, the item difficulty was between .30-.80, the item discrimination was between .20-.67, the reliability of the test was at .93. The concurrent validity by Pearson’s correlation coefficient was .88 and structural straightness found that the model of integrated science process skills measurement test in research and knowledge creation agreed with empirical data. The Chi-square 1067.39, (p = .00), RMSEA = .033, GFI = .91, AGFI = .90, CFI = .99 and RMR = .009. The cut-off score of the integrated science process skill test scale in research and knowledge formation for lower secondary students, based on Angkoff's method of scoring cut points was at 23 points out of 40 full points.

Effect of the basic speech and language therapy guidebook for aphasia patients to improve language and speaking skills: A trial phase

Background: Aphasia patients should receive intensive speech therapy in order to recover their speech and language skills for optimal results. However, there are numerous limitations. One of which is the scarcity of speech and language pathologists. Thus, this research aimed to utilize the speech and language therapy guidebook for aphasia patients which can be used by caregivers to help those with aphasia at home. This guidebook will increase the comprehension and frequency of therapy. Objectives: Firstly, to develop and study the content validity of the interview form for explicit problems and the satisfaction survey of the guidebook. Secondly, to conduct a pilot study for using the basic speech and language therapy guidebook at home. Limitations and caregivers’ suggestions from using this guidebook had been studied by the interview method. Materials and methods: This study consisted of 2 steps: The first step was the development of the interview form for explicit problems and the satisfaction survey of the guidebook. The second step was applying the guidebook with 3 aphasic clients by their caregivers for a week. Information from the first step was analyzed for content validity. The information from the second step was analyzed to explore the problems that occurred by using descriptive statistics. Results: In the first step, the Index of Item-Objective Congruence (IOC) from 5 experts for the interview form and satisfaction survey showed total scores of 0.975 and 1, respectively, revealing that the content validity was acceptable. In the second step, the information from 3 samples showed problems with a lack of understanding concerning the use of the guidebook (100%). The reflection by 2 caregivers (67%) who undertook the training as assigned found that the guidebook could help develop the speech and language skills of the samples. For the practice benefits, 3 caregivers (100%) reflected that the guidebook facilitated self-therapy and provided them and the clients with more frequent, more convenient, and easier-to-follow instructions. They were satisfied with the guidebook but offered minor suggestions, such as making the book smaller, correcting for typos, and adding more exercises. Conclusion: The guidebook yielded benefits for developing speech and language skills and provided benefits for the caregivers who help practice with the samples at home. The results of this research showed problems with using the guidebook and devised precautionary measures. The feedback will be applied to guidebook development in the future.

Development of an ergonomics risk assessment tool for repetitive task assessment (RTRA).

Most ergonomics assessment tools for repetitive task have been used in industries which are mainly focused on assessing the biomechanical risk factors that affect musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs) rather than the psychosocial and work environment risk factors. To develop a tool for Repetitive Task Risk Assessment (RTRA) and Rapid Upper Limb Assessment (RULA) that can identify biomechanical, physical stress and psychosocial risk factors, prioritize risk reduction action and systematic record keeping. The study consisted of 2 phases; tool development and evaluation of the contents of risk factors by 7 ergonomic experts and intra-rater and inter-rater reliability and validity tests of the tool by 1 researcher and 9 Thai practitioners to assess 30 repetitive tasks. RULA was modified by adding more biomechanical risk, combining psychosocial and work environment risk factors lead to MSD become the first prototype of RTRA. The Item-Objective Congruence Index (IOC) validated 20 items on usability of each step of the RTRA ranged between 0.64 and 0.93. The examination of the overall intra-rater reliability was 0.932 (95% CI: 0.862-0.967) and the overall inter-rater was 0.956 (95% CI: 0.909-0.978). The tool has high test-retest reliability. There is a suggestion for researchers to understand more on the identification of multiple risk factors in one assessment tool and consider a risk-level rating and scoring for prioritizing risk reduction.

Preferences and Satisfaction Toward an Orthodontic Clinical App.

To promote the development of professional orthodontic apps and to grow app engagement, many contributing factors should first be scrutinized. The main purpose of this research was to assess whether gap analysis facilitates strategic app design. Gap analysis was first conducted to reveal users' preferences. Then, the OrthoAnalysis app was developed on an Android operating system using Java programming language. Finally, a self-administered survey was issued to 128 orthodontic specialists to assess their satisfaction toward usage of the app. The content validity of the questionnaire was ascertained using an index of Item-Objective Congruence of more than 0.5. The reliability of the questionnaire was also analyzed with Cronbach's Alpha reliability coefficient (ɑ = 0.87). Besides the most important factor, "content," many issues were listed, and all were required to engage users. A strong and engaging app should show accurate, trustworthy, and practical clinical analysis that operates smoothly and fast with ease, along with a user-friendly, appealing, and trustworthy interface. In short, because of the preliminary gap analysis that was done to evaluate the potential app engagement power prior to app design, the result of the satisfaction assessment showed that nine traits including overall satisfaction were of high levels. Orthodontic specialists' preferences were assessed using gap analysis and an orthodontic app was designed and appraised. This article presents the orthodontic specialists' preferences and summarizes the process of achieving app satisfaction. Therefore, to create a clinical app with strong engagement power, a strategic initial plan using gap analysis can be recommended.

Validity and Reliability of the Topical Corticosteroid Phobia (TOPICOP©) Questionnaire: Thai Version

Objective: To determine the validity and reliability of the Thai version of the Topical Corticosteroid Phobia (TOPICOP©) questionnaire, which is used to evaluate topical corticosteroid (TCS) phobia in atopic dermatitis (AD). Materials & Methods: The translation process and assessment of content validity were undertaken step-by-step. Adult patients with AD and the guardians of pediatric patients with AD completed the questionnaire twice, 2 weeks apart to test the reliability. Results: We enrolled 30 adult patients with AD and 30 caretakers of pediatric patients with AD in this study. The Index of Item-Objective Congruence (IOC) was 0.9, indicating high validity. Test-retest reliability using Pearson correlation coefficient was tested, with r 0.938 (p <0.001). The Cronbach’s alpha coefficient showed reliable internal consistency, with 0.691 and 0.734, respectively. Conclusion: The Thai version of the TOPICOP© is valid, reliable, and feasible for assessing TCS phobia in patients with AD and their caretakers of pediatric patients with AD.