Issue Of Child Sexual Abuse Research Articles

An Investigation into the Efficacy of Structured Education Program on the Prevention of Sexual Abuse among Adolescent Girls in Certain Schools in Mysuru

The dark issue of child sexual abuse (CSA) must start at home and spread to all levels of society if reform is to be achieved. It is awkward for parents to discuss sexuality and sexual abuse with their children because Indian society has traditionally ingrained conservative beliefs about these topics in its youth. The majority of homes completely avoid having these conversations, which understates the potential of harm, particularly in cases of rare and underreported sexual abuse. Quasi experimental pre-test post-test design, a convenience sampling technique was used to select the samples (N=60). Tool was administered to assess the current knowledge, a structured teaching programme (STP) was conducted later post test was administered and data was analysed using descriptive and inferential statistics. The post-test knowledge score mean percentage (86.68%) was higher than the mean percentile of pre-test knowledge score (46.6%). The calculated paired ‘t’ value is greater than the table value (0.05 44df) = 2.01 It showed a significant difference between mean pre and post-test knowledge scores. Calculated Chi-square values are showed significant association between socio demographic data of respondents with their pre-test knowledge scores. The study findings showed that knowledge on CSA was less before STP. The results indicated that STP is helpful in increasing their knowledge effectively.

Assessment of Knowledge and Attitude about POCSO Act among Medical Interns: A Questionnaire based Study

Background: The issue of child sexual abuse is a worldwide problem that exists among both developed as well as developing countries. The most vulnerable groups in society for sexual abuse are these children. The number of incidents involving child sexual assault is rising alarmingly. Material and Methods: It is across sectional questionnaire based study from February 2023 to July 2023 comprising of 100 medical interns (50 males and 50 females) conducted at Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College, A.M.U, Aligarh, Uttar Pradesh. Results: In this cross sectional study, 100 medical interns comprising of 50 males and 50 females participated. The questionnaire consisted of 10 multiple choice questions about the POCSO Act.76% of medical interns knew what the acronym POCSO Act means. The age of child under POCSO Act was known to 82% participants. 71% participants were aware that POCSO Act is gender neutral. Conclusion: Although teaching young children about appropriate and inappropriate touching starts in the primary grades, CSA can be reduced by increasing knowledge and awareness in the local community. The cases of child abuse in India require a holistic approach from every member of society.

Podcasting-as-Care, An exercise in diasporic digital media activism

This article draws on my experience of engaging in diasporic digital media activism on the issue of child sexual abuse in Iran, which culminated in the production of the Price of Secrecy podcast. I introduce the method of Podcasting-as-Care as a method of activism that brings notions of feminist care, activism and listening in a close conversation framed through podcasting. Without resorting to a top-down vision of activism where a notion of listening, i.e. how the victims should be listened to, is prescribed and exemplified, the Price of Secrecy podcast becomes an experience of listening to how victims are failed to be listened to and what failure of listening sounds like.

The role of Comprehensive Sexuality Education on Child Sexual Abuse and Teenage Pregnancy among secondary school learners

The introduction of Comprehensive Sexuality Education (CSE) in the Zambian school curriculum has raised debate among stakeholders. Despite the Ministry of Education using Comprehensive Sexuality Education as a way of reducing various challenges faced by learners with regards to their sexuality education, the effectiveness and mode of implementing CSE is a source of concern. This study sought to explore the perceptions of learners and teachers on the role of Comprehensive Sexuality Education (CSE) in reducing child sexual abuse and teenage pregnancy. The total number of 60 participants who included 40 secondary school learners and 20 secondary school teachers from two secondary schools in Kitwe District on the Copperbelt Province of Zambia. The findings revealed that 50% of the learners were of the view the CSE had failed its goal of reducing child sexual abuse. The study further indicated that 60% of the teachers and 50% of the learners agreed that CSE helped to prevent early sex and teenage pregnancies in learners. The study concluded that both teachers and learners were of the views that CSE increased awareness on child sexual abuse to learners. The study recommended the need by the Ministry of Education to promote guidance and counselling services in schools with emphasis on peer counselling and peer-led life skills education to address issues of child sexual abuse and teenage pregnancy as well as the need by teachers to implement CSE by integrating its content in currier subjects and not teaching it as standalone subject.

Iconography of Child Sexual Abuse in the News (Justice and Crime Reporting)

Iconography of Child Sexual Abuse in the News (Justice and Crime Reporting)

Child sexual abuse ‒ issues and prevention

Child sexual abuse is considered a social problem because of its high prevalence and its negative long-term consequences on child development and functioning (Séguin-Lemire et al., 2017). It is difficult to estimate the scale of this phenomenon due to the failure of victims to report situations of abuse. The severity of sexual abuse is determined by many factors, including technological advances that facilitate access to developmentally inappropriate content, lack of parental attention, environmental support or sex education (Handayani, Rasmita, 2020). Children who experience abuse may struggle with post-traumatic stress disorder (Berliner, 2011), depression (Greger et al., 2015), and anxiety (Doerfler et al., 2009). Failure to therapeutically work through traumatic experiences of abuse can lead to emotional, or personality disorders in adulthood (Kiemblowski, 2002; Salter, 2003). Children living around the world are unable to understand sexual abuse, being let alone give informed consent to it. The role of early prevention measures to protect the youngest from sexual abuse is increasingly emphasised (Wurtele, 2009; Zeuthen & Hagelskjaer, 2013). Review studies indicate the importance of prevention in increasing children’s self-defence knowledge and skills (Topping, Barron, 2009; Walsh et al., 2015). Numerous studies conducted so far indicate the significant role of the close environment in conducting effective prevention of sexual harassment of the youngest (Farmer et al, 2011; Pieper, DeHann, 2017; Reppucci et al, 1994). The aim of this article is to present the issue of child sexual abuse and show the importance of selected preventive actions taken by the family and non-family environment (Wortley, Smallbone, 2006). Involvement of the close environment, according to the assumptions of Bronfenbrenner’s model (1977), may contribute to effective protection of the youngest on many interacting levels. According to Bandura’s (2002) theory, children learn by observing and imitating the behaviour of real life characters. It is therefore important to answer the question: how can children’s close environments work together to effectively protect them from sexual abuse?

Effects of Child Sexual Abuse T.V. News Stories on Psychological Well Being of Parents in Lahore, Pakistan

Child sexual abuse is a severe problem that is penetrating Pakistan. This is important that how media is covering the issue of child sexual abuse as the audience is highly influenced by media. This study examines the effects of child sexual abuse T.V. news stories on the psychological well-being of parents. By applying purposive sampling, a sample of 100 parents from Lahore is selected. A survey method is employed to collect data from parents. Chi-square is applied to test the hypothesis and the alternative hypothesis is accepted. Results revealed that the majority of respondents agreed that news stories on child sexual abuse cases affect negatively and create distrust, stress, anxiety and fear among parents.

False Memories in Minors as Alleged Victims of Sexual Abuse

When referring to the issue of child sexual abuse, we are facing a situation of vulnerability for minors, who immediately require an interdisciplinary intervention that guarantees their emotional, physical, and social stability. However, it turns out to be a challenge for professionals in psychology, to be able to discern between a real argument of the alleged victim and a false memory established by external factors in the minor. It should be clarified that this article never tries to question, revictimize or not consider as real the minimum manifestation of sexual abuse by any person. This article highlights the importance of professional expertise when assessing a minor who has revealed alleged abuse. Multiple studies and publications have been carried out that refer to the implantation of false memories or recollections in people. Therefore, a conceptual, methodological, technical, and ethical review of the discrimination of memories by professionals in psychology is necessary.

Domestic sexual child abuse: Social and social-cultural aspects

The ratification of the Lanzarote Convention by Russia in 2013 entails several issues that cannot be resolved without the help of social-humanitarian sciences. Information from sociology, psychology, and jurisprudence has been used to create a concept for the empirical study of the domestic violence against children - to improve the implementation of the Convention in Russia. The concept considers two aspects of the problem - social and social-cultural. The article presents the Russian experience of how the provisions of the Council of Europe Convention on the Protection of Children against Sexual Exploitation and Sexual Abuse are implemented. The authors analyze statistical data on the number of families in which a sexually abused child is brought up; the number of abortions and childbirths by minors; the number of minors in educational colonies; the work of the childrens helpline; the number of mediation services; the number of social service organizations for families and children; the number of professionals working with children in programs aimed at preventing and protecting children from sexual exploitation and abuse; the number of organizations providing psychological-pedagogical and medical-social assistance; the number of specialized multifunctional centers providing assistance to families and child victims of sexual abuse; the number of specialized green rooms for investigating crimes related to minors; the number of specialists accompanying minors who have come into conflict with the law at all stages of the investigation and court proceedings; the number of professionals trained under the Child Sexual Violence Protection Program and now assisting families and child victims of violence. The article will be useful for readers who study the implementation of the Lanzarote Convention and the issues of child sexual abuse and domestic violence.

Addressing the issue of child sexual abuse in Pakistan: A conceptual analysis

Drawing on academic and government literature and the authors’ professional experience in working with child sexual abuse (CSA), this article details the current issues in Pakistan within a global context of Asia. This discussion addresses the context of CSA in Pakistan, causes and incidence of CSA, reporting of CSA, lack of effective structures to protect children, public education for CSA, and finally discusses the example of Punjab Province in Pakistan and its approach to dealing with CSA. The article contributes to an understanding of current reporting, intervention, and treatment of victims of CSA in Pakistan from a social work/policy perspective.

Obstacles in the Process of Dealing With Child Sexual Abuse–Reports From Survivors Interviewed by the Independent Inquiry Into Child Sexual Abuse in Germany

Obstacles in dealing with child sexual abuse (CSA) can hinder survivors in the process of coming to terms with their experiences. The present study aims to identify and analyze factors that may pose obstacles in the long-term process of dealing with CSA. It is part of a larger research consortium “Auf-Wirkung,” funded by the German Federal Ministry of Education and Research, and was conducted in cooperation with the Independent Inquiry into Child Sexual Abuse in Germany (IICSAG). The IICSAG was appointed by the Independent Commissioner for Child Sexual Abuse Issues and the German Federal Ministry for Family Affairs, Senior Citizens, Women, and Youth in 2016. To determine responsibilities, recognize injustice, and further acknowledge the survivors of CSA in the Federal Republic of Germany (FRG) and the German Democratic Republic (GDR), the Independent Inquiry has held 1,303 private sessions with survivors of CSA by Oct. 17th, 2020. The present study focuses on exploring reoccurring problematic experiences reported by survivors in private sessions regarding the long-term process of dealing with experiences of CSA. A total of 30 transcripts of private sessions, conducted by members and appointees of the IICSAG between September 2016 and June 2019, were analyzed using qualitative content analysis. Attendants of private sessions described a variety of obstacles, including negative social reactions to disclosure, institutions' unwillingness to elucidate occurrences of CSA within their midst, as well as general financial difficulties, and those linked to redress claims. Manipulative grooming by perpetrators and limited access to adequate psychotherapy were perceived as obstructive by survivors dealing with CSA. In the context of criminal proceedings, survivors reported long durations of court proceedings and negative experiences in connection to credibility assessment. Results will be discussed to better support survivors of CSA in the process of dealing with their experiences in the future.

Child Sexual Abuse In and Out of Schools in Pakistan. How the Government must Respond Preemptively

This paper is about the issue of child sexual abuse in Pakistan in and out of schools and how a schoolbased preventive program can help contain this problem in the longer run. As the issue has taken a more serious turn in recent years, with the number of victims rising sharply every year, the government is advised to adopt a preemptive approach and devise comprehensive school-based programs. For this purpose, lessons may be learnt from the US being a country that first launched child protection programs in schools. This article first talks in detail about the issue of child sexual abuse and makes certain recommendations as to how to deal with it in the longer run. In the course of this article, secondary sources of data were consulted. Books, articles and newspaper stories and other collectable materials were consulted to have a better understanding of the issue and how to address it effectively.

The discursive production of public inquiries: The case of Australia’s Royal Commission into Institutional Responses to Child Sexual Abuse

Since the turn of the century, public inquiries into the perpetration and concealment of child sexual abuse within religious institutions have proliferated throughout Europe, North America and Australasia. This article examines the role that news media discourses might play in supporting this trend. Taking Australia’s Royal Commission into Institutional Responses to Child Sexual Abuse as a case study, I compare how news media constructed its precipitating issue of child sexual abuse in the Catholic Church at two different points in time: the period surrounding the announcement of the Royal Commission and a period 10 years earlier when calls were made for a Royal Commission that were not actualised. I find that in the decade before the Royal Commission’s establishment news media deemed the Church capable of and responsible for delivering justice, and as such licensed it to respond to allegations of abuse internally. In the period surrounding the Royal Commission’s establishment, however, the Church was rendered complicit and had lost its authority to manage the issue internally, while the State had become marked as responsible for recourse instead. This suggests that the emergence of the Royal Commission was imbricated in broader discursive shifts regarding which institution was attributed the right and responsibility to respond. These findings both indicate that news media discourses may play a role in facilitating or inhibiting the emergence of public inquiries and also raise critical questions about the consequences of a discursive shift that centres the State as responsible for and capable of delivering justice in the aftermath of institutional child sexual abuse.

Issues and challenges in the implementation of POCSO ACT: A review

The Protection of Children from Sexual Offences (POCSO) Act 2012 was implemented with the aim of protecting children from sexual offences. Special courts were established for the trial of child sexual abuse matters which was provided by the POCSO Act. But, implementation of this Act has been delayed because of corruption and obsolete legal proceedings. It is therefore has become a heated topic at the present scenariowhen the general public would like to know more about how effective this Act would be inprotecting children from sexual abuse with the help of the Law. The paper discusses the perpetrators of the Sexual abuseand their relationship with the victims. Through the help of the study made by the Women and Child Ministry it is known that a large majority of the victims are girls though boys were also part of it. The research paper discusses the main factors which are responsible for the delay in implementation of this Act. In this context, the paper wishes to say that there should be a serious, careful and continuous study of the obstacles in the implementation of POCSO Act. It is important to understand that how boys and girls face some crucial problems when reporting sexual abuse from people known to them. Most of the victims experiencethe terrific social humiliation and feelings of shame and guilt when they report that they are sexually assaulted. In spite of its loopholes POCSO Act has been amended recently as the Union Cabinet has agreed to strengthen it by charging death penalty for serious sexual assault on childrenin its recent meeting which was held on 10th July 2019. India is facing many social problems today among them isthe issue of Child Sexual Abuse, which is widespread across the country and affecting children of all ages. “Half of the country's children face some form of sexual abuse with 18.3 percent were physically abused and 8.6 percent were sexually abused in 2017.A national estimate of 1,720 children died from abuse and neglect in fiscal year 2017 compared to 1,750 children who died in fiscal year 2016”. (Child Abuse Report, Women and Child Development India, 2019). When a person uses a child for his/her sexual gratification is termed to be known as Child Sexual Abuse. Child Sexual Abuse is mostly committed by someone who happens to be in relation or in a position of trust, or of power and/or authority. Most of Child abuses take place in a relationship, as it is much safer and easier for a person to take advantage of the child's weakness andhelplessness. Child Sexual Abuse may be verbal, visual and physical in nature and it is physical as well as moral violation of the child's body and trust which is against nature and law. “Although the state is required to give wide publicity to the Protection of Children from Sexual Offences Act, the law is relatively unknown even to those who need to apply it” says Anil Malhotra in his article “Strong Provisions and Weak implementation”.According to Malhotra, the importance and provisions are unknown even to the people belong to executive class though they are very much interested in implementing the Act. In spite of its great prevalence, most of the violence done against children are often hidden, unseen or under-reported. In a conventional country like India sexuality is considered as a taboo, so discussing sexuality and sexual abuse is unimaginable. Parents or guardians often do not have the knowledge to safeguard their children either by educating the children about sexual abuse or by being watchful in order to prevent abuse on their children. In such a context, it is the responsibility of our education system to provide the basic knowledge to children about how to identify unsafe touches and situations and also about self-defense. But only has been made by our education system to address it. There are also some studies say that Child Sexual Abuse can have a worst impact on the mental health of the child and if it is not healed at the earlier stage it would even affect at adulthood. In order to prevent all these problems one needs to undergo therapy and counselling. But the major problem is that only a few NGOs are active in counselling, guiding and sheltering the abused children. Whereas, one cannot expect this kind of support either from government offices or from central Ministry as there won't be any resources, proficiency and country-specific research available to guide training. The Protection of Children from Sexual Offences (POCSO) Act 2012 was implemented in order to protect children from sexual exploitation and sexual abuse; and to support them through legal provisions.

Gadki o gatkach… Zagadnienie wykorzystywania seksualnego dzieci w dyskursach kampanii społecznych „Zły dotyk” i „Gadki”

Gadki o gatkach… Zagadnienie wykorzystywania seksualnego dzieci w dyskursach kampanii społecznych „Zły dotyk” i „Gadki”

Site Specific Work 2015 (Suggested Corporate Names – Catholic Church Child Abuse Compensation Entity)

Abstract Site Specific Work 2015 builds upon Miwon Kwon’s notion of the ‘discursive vector.’ It reflects the site specificity of discourse surrounding the issue of child sexual abuse. Juxtaposing five levels of rhetoric, it highlights discursive spaces and suggests alternative interventionist narratives as well as notions of cultural protectionism.

Deconstruction of a taboo: press coverage of sexual violence against children in pedagogical institutions in Germany 1950–2013

In 2010, Germany was shattered by a cluster of scandals concerning child sexual abuse in residential educational institutions. Previous attempts to broach the issue of child sexual abuse in institutions have repeatedly failed. This article investigates the historical preconditions that led to the immense awareness of child sexual abuse as raised by the media during this particular time. In order to create a holistic picture of the preconditions and awareness potential of the scandal, a database based on searching using a semantic field approach was created. The results were analyzed with respect to published discourses on child sexual abuse generally and in institutions in particular. Quantitatively, until the beginning of the 1990s, search results show a low but stable level of publication activity. This level increased strongly in the 1990s and, after a slight decrease in the new millennium, reached its peak in 2010. Qualitatively, the way violence against children in institutional settings was framed in the media coverage changed from emphasizing the motives of the perpetrator only (until the 1990s) to including more and more institutional and structural conditions that contribute to child sexual abuse.

Preventing child sexual abuse through education: the work of Stop it Now! Wales

ABSTRACTThis paper presents the findings from an evaluation of education and awareness-raising programmes delivered by Stop it Now! Wales, aimed at engaging parents, carers and professionals in an informed discourse about child sexual abuse (CSA) and how to prevent it. Crucially, the findings presented in this paper show that the majority of research participants saw benefits in attending a programme. However, this varied by the type of programme attended and the nature of the impact reported. These variations are discussed in order to contribute to our understanding about how CSA issues are experienced and understood by parents and professionals; how they experience the transition of new knowledge; and what, if any, preventative action is taken by parents and professionals as a result of attending a Stop it Now! Wales CSA education and awareness-raising programme.

Tragedy and Ethics: Responding to the Crisis of Historic Sexual Abuse

Issues of child sexual abuse currently loom large in the life of a number of churches. This article draws on the insights of the late Donald MacKinnon, who viewed tragedy as a vital component of ethical reflection, to explore the human dimensions of a Christian response to abuse in such a way that the needs of survivors are paramount, perpetrators are challenged by the message of God's unconditional love to repentance and transformation, and churches and institutions do not put their corporate needs over those of individuals and families.

Child Sexual Abuse Presenting to Police Centers in Khartoum-Sudan; Pattern and Victim Associated Factors

Recently, the issue of Child sexual abuse (CSA) in Sudan started to become public, following recurrent accidents of severe injuries and deaths. A cross sectional, prospective survey including 282 sexually abused children has been conducted from 1/3 to 30/6/2012. The aim was to identify patterns of child sexual abuse in Khartoum-Sudan in addition to pre abuse, peri abuse and post abuse factors that put the children at a risk of abuse. The survey was conducted through a questionnaire which was analyzed within SPSS 16. Pattern of child sexual abuse was found to be (92.6) through Contact), mainly sexual intercourse (60.2%). Offenders were extra familial figure (88.3%), mainly neighbors (44.0%) and people in the surrounding (17.4%). Only 14.2% were total strangers. (11.7%) abused by an intra familial figure, and (3.6%) by incest. Repeated sexual abuse was (18.1%) and significantly linked to females and older children and significant when living with stepfather, stepmothers and when offender used persuasion to commit the abuse. The most targeted age group was from 5-10 years (45.4%). Most of the abuses took place in areas significantly known to child and family and significantly related to offenders (44.1%) and the family (23.8%). Associated family factors to Child Sexual abuse were Low income, Crowdedness, restricted values, absence of sexual education and parent’s low education. Disclosure rate was (61.0%) mainly to parent. Females and older children were significantly less disclosing. Timing of disclosure was immediately (58.2%). Significant causes of delay were fears of parent’s reaction and feeling of guilt, shame, love, confusion, fear, responsibility, and young age, mother use of corporal punishment and offender use of persuasion. Parent’s reaction was mainly supportive and non-offending (89.4%). Negative parental reaction was significantly associated to females and older children. Areas of difference from international studies were; high rates of penetrative sexual abuse (SA), low rate of interfamilial SA, high rates of immediate disclosure, no significant gender differences between victims. Crowdedness and low income were significantly associated with CSA. For prevention and management; Child protection programs and more wide scale research are needed.