The basic density ( ρ ), kinematic viscosity ( v ) and surface tension ( γ ) data of the 1,2-propanediol (1,2-PPD) (1) + 1,2-propane diamine (1,2-PDA) (2) binary system at T = (293.15, 298.15, 303.15, 308.15, 313.15 and 318.15) K were reported under atmospheric pressure (889 hectopascals in Hohhot, China). After that, the absolute viscosity ( η ), excess volume ( V m E ), viscosity deviation (Δ η ), surface tension difference (Δ γ ), apparent molar volume ( V φ,1 and V φ,2 ), partial molar volume ( V 1 ¯ and V 2 ¯ ), isothermal expansion coefficient ( α p ) and excess Gibbs free energy ( ΔG *E ) of the binary system were further calculated. Meanwhile, the Redlich-Kister (R-K) equations were fitted to V m E , Δ η , and Δ γ values, and the corresponding equation coefficients were obtained to estimate the errors between the experimental and calculated values. Finally, the binary system was characterized by FTIR, UV-vis, FLS, 1 H NMR, Raman spectroscopic techniques, and the bond energy and bond length between molecules were calculated by Gaussian 09 software to discuss the intermolecular interaction between 1,2-PPD and 1,2-PDA. The results show that hydrogen bonding interaction does exist among molecules in the form of -O H···N-. Herein, the work provides a basis for engineering design and also provides fundamental data for the application of the binary system.