Islands Province Research Articles

Two new species of Paratanakia (Teleostei: Cyprinidae) from Taiwan and mainland China

Two new species of bitterling of Paratanakia were found and collected from Taiwan island and Fujian Province, mainland China recently. Paratanakia fuvlidorsalis n. sp. which is endemic in Taiwan island can be well distinguished from other congeners by the following unique combination of features: (1) fin ray counts: dorsal fin rays 3, 8; anal fin rays 3, 10; pectoral fin rays modally 1, 12; (2) squamtion: lateral-line scales modally 34; and (3) its own specific dorsal fin color pattern in male. Paratanakia julongjiangensis n. sp. which is endemic in Fujian Province, mainland China can be well distinguished from other congeners by the following unique combination of features: (1) fin ray counts: dorsal fin rays 3, 9; anal fin rays 3, 11; pectoral fin rays modally 1, 12; (2) lateral-line scales modally 34; and (3) its own specific dorsal fin color pattern in male. The brief morphological comparison with close related species would be also addressed.

PENYULUHAN BAHAYA PENGGUNAANA NARKOBA PADA MASYARAKAT DI KAMPUNG TUA TELUK LEGUNG RT.01/RT.02 KECAMATAN NONGSA KOTA BATAM

Narcotics are essential for medical treatment and healthcare services. However, if they are misused or used inappropriately according to medical standards, especially if accompanied by illegal drug trafficking, it can result in extremely detrimental effects on individuals or society, particularly the younger generation. Various efforts have been made by the Government to prevent drug abuse in Indonesia. Based on this, the Author is interested in conducting Community Service to provide education in the form of assistance and counseling on the dangers of drug use to the community in Kampung Tua Teluk Legung, Keluruhan Kabil, Nongsa District, Batam City, Riau Islands Province.

Characteristics of Extreme Poverty in the Province of Bangka Belitung Islands

This study aims to analyze the characteristics of poverty in seven districts and cities in the Bangka Belitung Islands Province. This study uses primary and secondary data from the Central Bureau of Statistics (BPS) and other relevant sources. The analysis was conducted descriptively to identify factors that influence poverty, such as the age of the poor, marriage, education level, number of dependents, type of employment, income, living conditions, government assistance and health. The results show that poverty in Bangka Belitung is more dominant in rural areas than urban areas. Low education levels and limited access to health services are the main causes of poverty in this area. In addition, the community's dependence on the fluctuating mining sector also affects the economic stability of households. This study also found significant income inequality between low- and highincome groups. Based on these findings, efforts to improve access to education and health, as well as economic sector diversification to reduce unemployment are recommended. More inclusive policies are needed to sustainably address poverty in the region.

The Role of Village Heads’ Educational Quality in Advancing Village Development Index Achievement in Indonesia

The limited availability of quality human resources within the bureaucracy, particularly in village governments, often results in stagnation and delays in achieving Independent Village status. One of the primary challenges faced by villages in Indonesia is the relatively low quality of village heads’ human resources. This study employs a quantitative research approach, utilizing documentation studies for data collection and simple statistical tests for analysis. The findings were then interpreted, discussed, and concluded. The study reveals that, as of 2023, the Special Region of Yogyakarta (D.I. Yogyakarta) had the highest proportion of village heads with Doctoral (S3) and Master’s (S2) degrees, correlating with the successful attainment of Independent Village status. Gorontalo Province, with the highest percentage of village heads holding Bachelor’s (S1) and Diploma (D.IV) degrees, achieved Advanced Village status. Similarly, the Riau Islands Province, with a predominance of village heads educated to the Senior High School level or equivalent, also attained Advanced Village status. Conversely, West Papua Province, characterized by the highest percentage of village heads with education below Senior High School, remained categorized as a Disadvantaged Village. These findings underscore the significant impact of village heads’ educational qualifications on the Village Development Index (VDI) growth and scores. Village heads with higher education levels (S3, S2, S1, and Diploma) and those with high school or equivalent education positively influence VDI growth rates and scores. In contrast, village heads with education levels below Senior High School demonstrate slower and lower VDI growth rates. This highlights the crucial role of high-quality village heads in advancing village development, accelerating progress, and achieving Independent Village status.

PEMBANGKIT LISTRIK RAMAH LINGKUNGAN BERTENAGA SURYA GUNA MEMENUHI KEBUTUHAN NELAYAN PANTAI MATRAS BANGKA

Natural resources in the form of solar heat, can be used as an alternative to electricity generation by using a power plant tool in the form of solar panels. In certain areas there are still many who need a supply of electric power, for example in the Turun Aban Sungailiat Beach area, Bangka Belitung Islands Province. At that location there is no electric power supply at all, the fishermen at the Turun Aban Beach location often carry out the process of transporting catches at night conditions. Therefore, to meet their needs, these fishermen can use alternative power plants in the form of solar panels. This research examines the process of analyzing the performance of solar-powered power plants. The solar panel produces 115.28 watts of power in 1 day. The time required for charging the battery is 5.81 hours/day and the battery endurance time is 4.65 hours in 1 day.

The Influence of Competence, Motivation, Facilities and Infrastructure, and Leadership Style on Performance and Their Implications for Work Achievement

Improving employee performance requires a good strategy, starting with enhancing elements of competence, motivation, adequate facilities and infrastructure support, and a good leadership style, which can improve employee performance and ultimately lead to increased employee achievement, thereby achieving organizational goals. The purpose of this research is to understand the overview of competence, motivation, facilities and infrastructure, leadership style, performance, and work achievement, as well as to determine the influence of competence, motivation, facilities and infrastructure, and leadership style on performance and their implications for work achievement. The subjects of this research are the Civil Servants of the Ministry of Religious Affairs Office of the Bangka Belitung Islands Province. The research method uses a descriptive and verification approach with descriptive survey and explanatory survey methods. The sample consists of 91 people, using primary data. Path analysis techniques are employed. The results of the research show that: (1) All variables have high average values, ranging from 4.11 to 4.37. The performance variable has the highest average at 4.37, and the X2 motivation variable has the highest average at 4.28. In general, competence, motivation, facilities and infrastructure, leadership style, performance, and work achievement are rated highly. Correlation test results show (R) 0.787 and the coefficient of determination of variable X on variable Y (R2) is 62%, with the remaining (E) 38%, and for variable Y on variable Z (R2) 85.2%, with the remaining 14.8% influenced by other factors not examined. (2) Simultaneously, competence, motivation, facilities and infrastructure, and leadership style significantly influence performance (35.049 > 2.477). (3) Partially, there is a significant influence of competence (-2.370 > -1.986), motivation (6.053 > 1.986), and leadership style (3.644 > 1.986) on performance, while there is no influence of facilities and infrastructure on performance (1.002 < 1.986). (4) There is a significant influence of performance on work achievement (22.591 > 1.986).

Event-Based Optimization of Tourism at Pasir Padi Beach, Pangkalpinang City

Pasir Padi Beach, located in Pangkalpinang City, Bangka Belitung Island Province, has become a major tourist destination by hosting various events that attract local and foreign tourists. This study aims to optimize event-based beach tourism at Pasir Padi Beach by analyzing social, economic, infrastructural, and cultural impacts. Data were gathered through interviews with the Pangkalpinang City Tourism Office, observations, and secondary sources. The findings indicate high community participation, enhanced social cohesion, and significant economic benefits for local MSMEs, with income increases of 60-80% during events. However, challenges such as inadequate community readiness, lack of market research, and suboptimal stakeholder synergy were identified. To address these challenges, a comprehensive strategy is proposed, including improving infrastructure, diversifying events, and integrating local cultural elements to balance tourism development and cultural preservation. Government support, combined with local community empowerment and strong stakeholder collaboration, is essential. Effective marketing strategies, utilizing social media and influencers, and the implementation of sustainable tourism practices are recommended to maximize economic benefits while preserving environmental and cultural integrity. In conclusion, with strategic improvements in infrastructure, event management, and stakeholder involvement, Pasir Padi Beach can become a model for sustainable event-based beach tourism, promoting economic growth, social cohesion, and cultural preservation. The study’s limitation is the reliance on a single informant from the Tourism Office, which may limit perspective diversity. Future research should involve a wider range of stakeholders, including MSMEs, youth groups, local artists, and private sector representatives, to provide a more comprehensive understanding.

Correlation between Geography of Residence, Socio-Culture and Family Structure with Early Marriage In South Bangka

Background: One of four women in the world who had married before 18 years old. Bangka Belitung Islands Province was in the third highest rate of early marriage in Indonesia. This province was mostly a coastal area that had a variety of social cultures. The purpose of the study was to analyze the correlation between the geography of residence, socio-culture, and family structure with early marriage and explore these three factors. Methods: This study used a qualitative study method with 13 informants for qualitative research (5 young women and their parents, village head, Head of Religious Affairs Office, Head of Islamic Community Development Division, Ministry of Religion). Qualitative research was conducted by conducting in-depth interviews with purposive sampling and explained through transcription, coding and categorization processes. Results: Qualitative research found that the geographical factors of residence, socio-culture and family structure influence early marriage. Conclusion: The geography of residence, socio-culture and family structure influenced early marriage. Suggestion: A synergistic effort by providing reproductive health education and sexuality education to children and adolescents. Keywords: Early marriage, geography of residence, socio-cultural, family structure, South Bangka

Projected Economic Impact of Sediment Removal Programs at Priority Locations

Removing marine sediment is a Ministry of Marine Affairs and Fisheries program regulated by Government Regulation No. 26 of 2023. Five priority locations have been designated for the removal of marine sediment: Riau Islands Province, West Java Province, East Kalimantan Province, Central Java Province, and East Java Province. This study uses input-output analysis to measure and compare the economic impacts of sediment removal activities on the economies of these five provinces. The input-output table results show that the highest output multiplier for sediment removal activities is in East Kalimantan Province with a value of 1.48, while the lowest is in the Riau Islands Province with a value of 1.22. The highest income multiplier is also found in East Kalimantan Province with a value of 0.3710, followed by Riau Islands Province with a value of 0.3513. In East Kalimantan and Riau Islands, sediment removal is a key sector with strong forward linkages to other sectors but weak backward linkages. One strategy to enhance the economic impact of sediment removal is for the government to spend non-tax state revenue (PNBP) from this activity on key sectors in each province.

Analysis of The Leading Sector for Regional Development: A Case Study of Batam, Bintan, and Karimun (BBK), Riau Islands Province, Indonesia

Abstract: Spatial planning in Batam, Bintan, and Karimun (BBK) areas is prioritized because it has an important impact on the national economy. This research aims to identify the potential leading sectors in the BBK areas as a reference in regional development. This study uses time series data on Gross Regional Domestic Product (GRDP) based on constant prices in the BBK areas from 2011 to 2021. The analytical tools used in this research are Location Quotient to identify basic and non-basic sectors, Shift Share Analysis to determine changes and shifts in sectors, and Klassen Typology to determine the classification of sector in each region. The three analytical tools combined results demonstrate that economic growth in Batam is supported by the processing sector. A growing sector in Bintan is related to the tourism. Economic potential in Karimun dominated by the agricultural, forestry, and marine sectors. Tanjungpinang’s economic potential is dominated by the service sector, which supports the city’s role as the capital of the Riau Islands Province. However, the fisheries sector has not developed optimally. As an archipelago, regional development policies in the BBK areas should develop other sectors to optimize the maritime economic potential. Keywords: Klassen Typology, Location Quotient, Leading Sectors, National Strategic Areas, Shift Share Analysis

Effect of Technology Towards Performance Through Work Stress in Land Agency Riau Island

Many factor believed to be affecting job performance like Technology, Organizational Support, Individual Characteristics, Individual Adaptability. But what if those factor are mediating by another factor, like work stress?. This study used the quantitative Method with Analysis Tool using AMOS version 24. The population in this study were all state civil servants in the Regional Office of the National Land Agency and the Land office in Riau Islands Province, totaling 266 people and sampling technique by using Slovin and got 160 people. The result showed that Technology negatively influence work stress, Organizational support positively influence work stress, no significant influence of individual characteristics toward work stress, Individual adaptability positively work stress, Work stress has a significant positive direct influence on employee performance, Technology shows a significant positive direct influence on performance, there is no significant direct influence between organizational support and performance, Individual characteristics have a significant negative direct influence on performance, there is no significant direct influence between individual adaptability and employee performance. For mediating testing, work stress does not mediate the influence of technology on employee performance or individual characteristics on employee performance; rather, it fully mediates the influence of organizational support on performance and individual adaptability on employee performance. Square Multiple Correlation for Work Stress = 100% and Performance = 68,3%. This research indicates that work stress at a certain level will greatly improve various aspects of employee performance and give new insight into the positive impact of work stress.

Agronomic Evaluation and Yield Potentials of Grafting of Piper nigrum and Piper colobrinum

Foot rot disease (Phytophthora capsica) is Indonesia's primary challenge in cultivating pepper (Piper nigrum). Grafting to another Piper species, Piper coclobrinum, or melada (the local name), is a potential solution to increase resistance to this disease. The use of melada as rootstock has shown promising results during the seedling phase, but it has not been thoroughly evaluated during the production phase. The study was conducted in the pepper grower’s location in Puput and Simpang Katis Villages, Central Bangka, Bangka Belitung Islands Province. The study used kapok (Ceiba petandra) as the standard; plant morphology, leaf area, leaf thickness, and crown diameter for grafted melada and non-grafted pepper were recorded. Harvest variables included panicle length, panicle weight, the number of fruits per panicle, and fruit diameter, measured in three different areas of the canopy: the lower area (0-1 meter above the ground surface), the middle area (1-2 meters above the ground surface), and the top area (more than 2 meters above the ground surface). Physiological variables measured included rates of photosynthesis, stomatal conductance, transpiration rate, intercellular CO2, and CO2 conductance. The study demonstrated that the grafted pepper plants had a larger leaf area than the non-grafted pepper plants; the panicle weight and the number of fruits per panicle were higher. Panicles located in the middle zone of the plant canopy tended to be longer for grafted and non-grafted peppers. Panicle weight, fruit size, and the number of fruits per panicle were generally more significant at the top of the plant canopy. In all parts of the canopy, grafted peppers exhibited larger fruit size, greater panicle weight, and a higher number of fruits per panicle than non-grafted “Nyelungkup” peppers, highlighting the potential of melada as a rootstock for pepper plants.

PREDICTION OF TIN EXPORTS, POPULATION, POVERTY, AND LABOR FORCE IN THE PROVINCE OF BANGKA BELITUNG ISLANDS

The COVID-19 virus has also caused shocks to the Bangka Belitung Islands Province in various sectors, especially the economy. To overcome this problem, of course the government has prepared responsive policies, both fiscal and monetary policies to prevent post-COVID-19 risks, especially in the economic recession. To prevent a post-COVID-19 economic recession, a prediction or time series forecast is needed on four variables that influence the economic recession, namely the number of tin exports, population, poverty and labor force in the Bangka Belitung Islands Province so that economic growth is maintained. This research aims to predict the four research variables by comparing the Moving Average and Exponential Smoothing methods. This research also uses Root Mean Square Error (RMSE), Mean Absolute Error (MAE), and Mean Absolute Percentage Error (MAPE) as indicators of model accuracy. Based on the results of the accuracy indicators of this model, it was found that the Exponential Smoothing method was better than the Moving Average method. The predicted results for the value of tin exports in 2024 are -3.3645811 with The RMSE value is 42293770, MAE is 29558091, and MAPE is 84.46131. The negative value in the tin export prediction means that the decline in the value of tin exports in 2024 will not have a significant effect because it is still within a reasonable figure. The total labor force in 2024 will be 11057.23 with RMSE value is 16536.48, MAE value is 14194.02, and MAPE is 112.8078. Then for population the predicted result is 21241.92 with RMSE is 19537.82, MAE is 11548.41, and MAPE is 37.51894. Then for the predicted results the number of poverty is 70.22749 with RMSE, MAE, and MAPE respectively of 3992.146, 3205.528, and 139.1129. The alpha value used is 0.0183.

Analysis of work life balance, job satisfaction and its effect on the performance of employees of the General Bureau of the Regional Secretariat of the Riau Islands Province

Purpose: This study analyzes the influence of work-life balance, work environment, and workload on performance through job satisfaction as a mediating variable on employees of the General Bureau of the Regional Secretariat of the Riau Islands Province. Results: Using primary data from 120 employees, this study found that work-life balance and workload have a significant influence on performance through the results of the path coefficient, meaning that the job satisfaction variable can mediate the influence of endogenous variables of work-life balance and workload on the performance variable. This can be explained by the fact that with the mediation of job satisfaction, when there is an increase in work-life balance and workload, employee performance will increase. The Work Environment does not have a significant influence on performance based on the results of the path coefficient, meaning that the job satisfaction variable cannot mediate the influence of the work environment variable on the performance variable. This can be explained by the fact that with the mediation of job satisfaction, when there is an increase in the work environment, it will not have an impact on increasing employee performance.

Analysis of the Effectiveness of Connectivity Infrastructure Spending in the Bangka Belitung Islands Province

The purpose of this study is to analyze the correlation between APBN and APBD expenditures on the achievement of connectivity indicators. Secondary data sources were obtained from the Directorate of Budget Implementation, the Sintesa application, the OMSPAN and OMSPAN TKD applications, the Ministry of PUPR, and the BPS of the Bangka Belitung Islands Province. Data analysis uses the Pearson correlation method and qualitative descriptive. The results of the study indicate that APBN expenditure is negatively and very strongly correlated with the length of national roads. In addition, APBN expenditure is positively and very weakly correlated with the length of national roads in stable condition and has a moderate positive correlation with the percentage of national road stability. APBD expenditure is very weakly correlated with the length of provincial roads and is moderately correlated with the length of provincial roads in stable conditions and the percentage of stability. Regency/City APBD expenditure also has a very weak correlation and is negatively directed to the total length of district/city roads in the Bangka Belitung Islands Province and has a moderate correlation with the length of district/city roads in stable condition and the percentage of stability. APBN expenditure has a positive and very strong correlation with the length of regional roads and is positively and strongly correlated with the length of regional roads in stable conditions. APBN spending also has a moderate correlation with the percentage of regional road stability. Based on the relationship analysis using Pearson correlation, it was found that the total length of the road has a strong correlation and has a positive relationship with the ADHK GRDP. The Bangka Belitung Islands Province has a higher road stability than the national road stability and road stability in the Sumatra Region.

The IBM Model in Border Management of The Riau Islands Province to Increase Investment Competitiveness to Support State Defense

The position of the Riau Islands Province border area with Singapore is very strategic. Even though it has great potential to contribute to economic improvement, this position has not been utilized optimally, even though border areas are an attractive entry point for investors who intend to invest their capital. The aim of the research is to examine the Riau Islands Province Border Management Model based on Integrated Border Management (IBM) which refers to IBM parameters and competitiveness parameters as an effort to increase competitiveness in the investment sector. This research uses a qualitative analysis approach. The research results show that there are obstacles in the management of the Riau Islands-Singapore Province border area in the form of geographical, legal, management and security obstacles. Meanwhile, investment mechanisms and procedures in the border area of ​​Riau Islands Province with Singapore are not complicated and are regulated using a server. The Integrated Border Management (IBM) implementation model in managing the border between Riau Islands Province and Singapore to increase investment competitiveness uses the Single Window Model which is an integrated public service system.

A brief history of tsunamis in the Vanuatu Arc

Abstract. The archipelagos of Vanuatu and the eastern Solomon Islands, scattered over 1500 km along the Vanuatu Arc, include dozens of inhabited volcanic islands exposed to many natural hazards that impact their populations more or less severely. Due to the location of these islands on a subduction interface known as the Vanuatu subduction zone, tsunamis triggered by earthquakes, volcanic eruptions, and landslides locally, regionally, and in the far field represent a permanent threat. If catalogues already list tsunamis that have occurred in the Vanuatu Arc, they were not exclusively focusing on this region. This study goes further in the listing of tsunamis reported and/or recorded in the Vanuatu Arc, analysing existing catalogues, historical documents, and sea-level data from the five coastal tide gauges located in Vanuatu at Port Vila (Efate), Luganville (Espiritu Santo), Litzlitz (Malekula), and Lenakel (Tanna) and in the eastern Solomon Islands province at Lata (Ndende). It allows the identification of 100 tsunamis since 1863, 15 of them showing wave amplitude and/or run-up height of more than 1 m and 8 between 0.3 and 1 m. While some tsunamis are known to have occurred in the past, information about the wave amplitude or potential run-up is sometime lost (15 events). Also, tsunamis reported in neighbouring islands like New Caledonia but not reported or recorded in the Vanuatu Arc are discussed, as well as debated events or events with no known origin(s).

Komitmen Kerja Kepala Madrasah dalam Meningkatkan Efektivitas Madrasah Tsanawiyah Swasta di Kepulauan Riau

This study was conducted to see the work commitment of the Madrasah principal in improving the effectiveness of Private Junior High Schools (MTs) in the Riau Islands. As an effort to improve the quality of education in madrasas, it is hoped that private madrasas can compete with other public schools. This study uses a qualitative approach that describes the object of study through the process of extracting facts and object data in the field. Data collection techniques use interviews, observation and documentation. Data analysis techniques use data reduction, data presentation and drawing conclusions or verification. The results of the study indicate that the work commitment of the Madrasah principal in improving the effectiveness of private MTs in the Riau Islands is not optimal, because there are still many aspects that have not been achieved in terms of realization, budget constraints for the procurement of Madrasah facilities and infrastructure, increasing the professionalism of human resources, and other facilities that are still very limited. For this reason, the head of private MTs in the Riau Islands Province tries to improve the effectiveness of madrasas by implementing strategic educational development concepts. The roles played by the head of the Madrasah are; 1) focusing on common interests, 2) improving communication and understanding, 3) increasing involvement and participation, and 4) avoiding win-lose solutions. These roles are very helpful in realizing increased effectiveness of education in madrasas.

Faktor Penentu Tingkat Pengangguran Provinsi Kepulauan Riau

The dynamics of the region's labour market are called into question by the continually higher open unemployment rate in the province of Riau Islands compared to the national average. Using the years 2017–2023, this study looks into the causes of open unemployment in the province of Riau Islands. With an emphasis on the function of public spending, ease of access to technology, and GDP expansion. Using Eviews 12 software's FEM specification test and a quantitative method, this study evaluates secondary data provided from Statistics Indonesia (BPS) of the Riau Islands Province using panel data regression analysis. Government spending significantly lowers the open jobless rate, whereas technological advancement and economic progress significantly raise it. Based on these results, the Riau Islands Province needs effective policies to lower the open unemployment rate, maximise the use of government funds, and tap into the possibilities of technological access and economic growth.

The Effect of Harvest Time of Sapu-Sapu Leaves (Baeckea frutescens L.) the Yield, Characteristics and Composition of Essential Oils Extached Using Steam-Hydro Distillation Method

The sapu-sapu plant (Baeckea frutescens L.) is widespread in the Bangka Belitung Islands Province, thriving in sandy areas such as beaches and highlands with less fertile soil. This study aimed to determine the optimal harvest time for sapu-sapu leaves to obtain essential oils' highest yield and most desirable characteristics. The research focused on the duck-type sapu-sapu leaves, using five variations of harvest time (coded as A1, A2, A3, A4, and A5, representing leaves harvested at 1, 2, 3, 4, and 5 months of growth, respectively). Essential oil extraction was performed using the steam distillation method. The resulting oils were then analyzed using Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS) to determine their chemical composition. The results showed that sample A1 (1-month growth) produced the highest essential oil yield at 0.74% (w/w). This sample also exhibited the most optimal essential oil characteristics: clear yellow color, characteristic sapu-sapu odor, warm bitter taste, solubility in 96% ethanol at 1:13, specific gravity of 0.8863 g/mL, optical rotation of (+) 10.28°, and refractive index of 1.474. GC-MS analysis revealed that the main compounds in the A1 sample were α-pinene (43.84%), β-pinene (13.56%), and 1,8-cineol (24.26%). The study concluded that while the variation in harvest time of sapu-sapu leaves did not significantly affect the yield, characteristics, or composition of the essential oils, there were slight differences in yield and color. Sample A1, representing the youngest leaves, produced the most optimal results.