Islamic World Science Citation Center Research Articles

A Literature Review Study on the Effectiveness of Pre-operative Education for Post-operative Pain Management

Context: Post-operative pain (POP) is one of the essential consequences of various surgeries in surgical patients, and various pharmacological and non-pharmacological methods should reduce it. Due to the side effects of medicinal methods, the use of non-medicinal methods has attracted the attention of nurses and health care workers nowadays. Considering this issue, the main goal of this study was to evaluate pre-operative education (POE) on the reduction of POP in surgical patients. Evidence Acquisition: This narrative review evaluated previous research from 1990 to 2024. Accordingly, 184 studies were obtained in the first search stage through advanced search in national and international databases, including Web of Science, Islamic World Science Citation Center (ISC), Scopus, PubMed, Magiran, and Google Scholar, Iran-Doc. Then, considering the inclusion and exclusion criteria, 22 studies were considered for the present review study. Results: Based on the present review, most evaluated studies (approximately 64%) showed that POE positively and significantly affects POP. Previous studies have reported that various parameters play a role in the impact of POE on POP, including the type of surgery, the length of follow-up, the continuity of care, the method of providing training, the quality of the intervention, the patient's awareness of the pain measurement method, with or without the educator's interaction and empathy during education, and the presence or absence of patient anxiety during training. Conclusions: Considering the positive and significant effect of POE on POP, nurses and caregivers of patients who are candidates for surgery should use the appropriate educational content and educational methods to reduce POP in patients according to the type of surgery and other influencing variables. However, before that, the nurses themselves should get enough information about the different methods of POE so that they can convey the educational content to the patients with proper quality and efficiency.

The Effect of Cancer and its Treatment on Sexual Dysfunction in Women: A Review Study

Context: Sexual dysfunction (SDF) is one of the negative outcomes of cancer, especially breast cancer in women. Therefore, this review aimed to evaluate the effect of cancer disease and its treatment on SDF in women with cancer. Evidence Acquisition: This narrative review was conducted by searching past studies in reliable international databases, including Web of Science, Islamic World Science Citation Center (ISC), Scopus, PubMed, and Google Scholar, over the last three decades. In the first step of the search, 189 studies were found. In the second step, 16 studies were selected to present the study after considering the inclusion and exclusion criteria. Results: The results showed that SDF is one of the essential consequences of cancer, especially breast cancer in women, and the SDF incidence increases after cancer treatment, especially after chemotherapy. Based on previous similar studies, the SDF level in the cancer patients’ group was significantly higher than that of healthy individuals. Conclusions: Based on the results, SDF is one of the critical consequences of cancer and its treatment, which requires taking relevant measures to reduce this complication. In this regard, the physicians of these patients should provide the necessary recommendations as they refer them to psychiatrists. In addition, it is suggested that a part of the activities of psychiatric clinics be devoted to counseling about SDF treatment of breast cancer patients.

Factors Affecting Inequality in the Quality Diets: A Scoping Review

Objectivesthe current dietary pattern is found increasingly unsafe, unstable, and unequal for a huge part of the populations. Disadvantaged populations were usually known by less healthy diets and were at a higher risk of disease in comparison with high socioeconomic groups. The current scoping review study aims at indicating the effective factors on inequality in the quality of diets. Methodsthe academic databases, including Scopus, Web of science, PubMed, Scientific Information Database, Islamic World Science Citation Center, Google scholar search engine, World Health Organization, and the website of the European Union, until April 2021, were systematically reviewed. We used vote counting technique to identify the effective factors causing inequality in the quality of diets. ResultsThe factors that have caused inequality in the quality of diets were divided into 3 categories of demographic, lifestyle, and socioeconomic. It was found that any increase in age, income, education, different ethnic groups, smoking, and occupational statues increased inequality in diet quality. Also, as a factor physical activity, could reduce inequality in diet quality. Moreover, type of residence in terms of access to food, dominant available food, and culture of the area could cause inequality in diet quality. ConclusionsAccording to the results of this study, the effective factors on inequality in the quality of diet are demographic and socioeconomic factors that cannot be manipulated by policy makers. Nevertheless, increasing the knowledge of individuals, improving their lifestyle, and providing subsidies to poorer individuals reduce inequality in the quality of the diets.

Prevalence of Orthopedic Pains in Children and Adolescents: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.

Musculoskeletal disorders are among the main causes of death and disability and can impose high costs on individuals and countries. Considering the importance of pain, the present meta-analysis study aimed to investigate the prevalence of orthopedic pains in Iranian children and adolescents. The present study was reported in line with PRISMA. The searching process was carried out using keywords, including adolescents, pain, youth, school-age children, shoulder pain, neck pain, shoulder, and neck, AND/OR operators for the articles published during 2000 and 2022 in Scopus, Embase, PubMed, Scientific Information Database, Magiran, International Statistical Institute, and Islamic World Science Citation Center databases. This study reviewed the articles that reported the prevalence of orthopedic pains (i.e., wrists/hands, shoulders, elbows, and knees) among the 5-18-year age group in Iran and extracted their results. Two researchers conducted the search quite independently and extracted the necessary data using a researcher-made checklist. The collected data were analyzed using Comprehensive Meta-Analysis software (CMA3). Initially, 418 articles were identified, and 14 articles were entered into the systematic review stage. The prevalence rates of pains related to wrists/hands, shoulders, elbows, and knees were 6.6 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 3.2 - 13.0), 26.9 (95% CI: 17.0 - 39.7), 2.9 (95% CI: 1.3 - 6.3), and 6.6 (95% CI: 3.0 - 14.2), respectively. The prevalence of shoulder and knee pains in individuals under 18 years in Iran was high. Therefore, it is necessary to make necessary interventions and take preventive measures.

How Do Iranian Researchers Measure Spirituality in Health Studies? A Scoping Review.

Despite the existing literature on the effect of spirituality on health, lack of consensus on definition and evaluation methods are major barriers to applying the results of these studies. In this scoping review, we intend to identify the instruments used for evaluating spirituality in health in Iran and evaluate their domains. We searched PubMed, Scopus and Web of Science, Islamic World Science Citation Center, Scientific Information Database, and Magiran between 1994 and 2020. We then identified the questionnaires and searched for the original article reporting the development or translation, as well as the psychometric evaluation process. We extracted data on their type (developed/translated), and other psychometric properties. Finally, we categorized the questionnaires accordingly. After selecting the studies and evaluating the questionnaires, we identified 33 questionnaires evaluating religiosity (10 questionnaires), spiritual health (8 questionnaires), spirituality (5 questionnaires), religious attitude (4 questionnaires), spiritual need (3 questionnaires) and spiritual coping (3 questionnaires). Other existing questionnaires had issues in the development or translation process or lacked reported psychometric evaluations. Many questionnaires have been used in spiritual health studies in the Iranian population. These questionnaires cover different subscales according to their theoretical base and the developers' perspectives. Researchers should be informed about these aspects of the questionnaires and select the instruments meticulously based on the aim of their study and the characteristics of the questionnaires.

A Systematic Literature Review of Driver's Sociocultural Factors Predisposing to Road Traffic Crashes.

Background: Various factors are involved in the occurrence and prediction of road traffic crashes (RTCs). The most important of these are human factors that can be influenced by the sociocultural characteristics of the drivers. This research aimed at identifying the socio-cultural factors (SCFs) in car drivers affecting the RTCs. Methods: In the present study, Web of Science, PubMed, Scopus, ProQuest, Google Scholar, Cochran Library, Magiran, Irandoc, Noor magas, Islamic World Science Citation Center, and Scientific Information Database were searched from 1990 to August 20th, 2021; key journals, the reference lists of the included studies, gray literature, websites of relevant organizations were manually reviewed. Studies that reviewed the effect of SCFs related to car drivers in the incidence or prediction of road traffic crashes were included and analyzed using thematic content analysis. Results were expressed based on the PRISMA guideline. The quality of the included studies was assessed using related checklists. Results: Eighty-four eligible studies were determined from a systematic search and entered into the analysis process. Studies are presented that SCFs affecting the occurrence of RTCs fall into four categories, including (1) sociodemographic characteristics, (2) personality traits, (3) driver behavior (driving style), (4) driver performance (driving skills). Conclusion: In most studies, SCFs have been examined in frames of social-demographic characteristics and risky driving behaviors. While, the impact of personality traits and driver performance, which are very important factors on RTCs, has not been addressed. Therefore, investigating the impact of these factors in occurring RTCs is crucial.

Analytical comparison of the holistic perspectives of Islamic intellectuals and common philosophical approaches in nursing respecting human being

Background and aims: The nursing philosophy has moved from reductionism to holism in its manner of treating human being (HB). There are two main philosophical worldviews about holism, namely reciprocal interaction and simultaneous action worldviews, based on which most holistic nursing theorists formulated their works. Islam, as a perfect religion, also addresses all dimensions of HB and provides different instructions for their development. However, it is still poorly known whether there is a difference between western and Islamic holism. This study was conducted to analytically compare these two main philosophical worldviews with the Islamic worldview in nursing. Methods: This analytical study was conducted in 2020 through the library search method. The SID, Medlib, IranMedex, Magiran, Irandoc, ISI, Scopus, PubMed, and Islamic World Science Citation Center databases were searched using the "holism", "Islamic thought", "reciprocal interaction", and "simultaneous action" keywords. Moreover, the works of famous Islamic intellectuals, particularly Mohammad Hossein Tabatabaei and Morteza Motahhari, were assessed. Results: In the reciprocal interaction worldview, HB is considered as an organized and coherent whole with different biological, psychological, social, and spiritual dimensions and inter-relationships among these dimensions. Moreover, it considers HB as a metaphor, implying that HB is a unified, self-organizing, and regularly changing being that is in interaction with internal and external environments. In the Islamic worldview, HB is a unified truth with material and immaterial realms consisted of physical body connected with emotions, cognition, society, spirituality, and the universe. Conclusion: Although the simultaneous action worldview has a holistic view towards HB, it does not specifically address all HB dimensions. However, the reciprocal interaction worldview addresses some HB dimensions. Islamic intellectuals not only have a holistic view towards all HB dimensions, but also consider HB relationship with the universe. Such divine view to HB integrates the simultaneous action and the reciprocal interaction worldviews, provides nurses with a holistic view towards HB, and facilitates the application of the existing holistic nursing theories for nursing practice, research, and theorization.

A Review of Conducted Researches on the Subjects of Knowledge and the Intellect in the Field of Sadra’i Philosophy

Introduction Two complicated and difficult problems in the Islamic philosophy are knowledge and intellect. These were of great significance to philosophers from Plato and Aristotle to such Muslim philosophers as Avicenna, Fakhr al-Razi, Suhrawardi, and Nasir al-Din al-Tusi as well as to the Schools of Shiraz and Isfahan. Following them, Mulla Sadra raised the question of knowledge throughout his philosophical work. As the Sadrai thought is still dynamic and can be pursued, examined, critiqued or reconstructed, Muslim thinkers continue to publish their research in the form of books, dissertations, and articles on the issue of knowledge and the intellect. It goes without saying that in order to prevent doing what others already do or have already done the evolution of research on a problem needs to be brought to the researcher’s attention. Therefore, literature plays an important role in the research process, and the present article intends to assist researchers on Mulla Sadra with the literature review. It goes over scientific productions in the area of dissertations and articles from 2001 to 2020 on the subject of knowledge in Sadra’i philosophy. This includes 218 works, out of which 85 articles, 32 master’s degree dissertations and 9 PhD theses are written in the field of the intellect. Master’s degree dissertations and PhD theses on the subject of knowledge are 35 and 9 titles respectively, which does not show a marked difference to the field of the intellect. This is while the articles in the field of knowledge are 45 titles i.e. half as many as the articles written in the field of intellect. The research method As a systematic review, using the search engines and data bases such as Noormags, Comprehensive Portal of Human Sciences, Magiran, and the Treasure System (sāmāni-yi ganj) in the Iranian Research Institute for Information, Science and Technology (IranDoc), and Islamic World Science Citation Center (ISC), this article has searched titles of articles, dissertations, and PhD theses and conducted a statistical study of those Farsi titles written between 2001 and 2020 in Iran in the areas of knowledge and intellect in Mulla Sadra’s transcendent wisdom. A discussion of results More attention has been paid to the question of knowledge than that of the intellect. Within the subject of knowledge, discussions of divine knowledge are of the highest frequency, but less attention has been paid to the levels of the Creator’s knowledge and the status of the Creator’s knowledge in creation, or, to put it the other way, to the levels of knowledge in parallel to the levels of creation. When it comes to theology in the more specific sense, less attention has been paid to the knowledge-led Shia theology versus power-led Sunni theology, and the basics and results of such a discussion are not examined. Within the subject of intellect, discussions of the epistemology of the intellect are of the highest frequency, whereas less attention has been paid to various meanings and usages of the intellect in Islamic sciences including theosophy, philosophy, ethics, and to their distinction from the intellect in common parlance. Conclusion Among the conclusions is that there are methodological limitations: lack of attention to a needs assessment in the process of deciding research topics; lack of proper attention to other researchers’ findings (which leads up to many problems including repetitious work and lack of attention to certain topics, as witnessed by the results of the present study); lack of variety in the articles (for the most part, they are written for academic research journals, while a helpful research activity of high efficiency and influence relies on a whole variety of introductory studies, including reviews, which are visibly missing in the field of Islamic philosophy); and finally the lack of information about research activities in the field in the international arena and even Islamic countries.

Occupational Burnout in Pre-Hospital Emergency Personnel in Iran: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Background:Occupational burnout, as a reaction to persistent work pressures, reduces efficiency, wastes manpower, and causes physical and psychological complications. The aim of this study was to determine the frequency and intensity of occupational burnout among pre-hospital emergency staff in Iran.Materials and Methods:This study was performed based on the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines. Data resources included Scientific Information Database (SID), Magiran, Islamic World Science Citation Center (ISC), Irandoc, PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, and Google Scholar.Results:Initially, 178 articles were extracted, and then 13 articles were finally analyzed. Overall,2034 pre-hospital emergency personnel were examined. Mean of occupational burnout in term of frequency, respectively for emotional exhaustion (16.78, 95% CI = 8.89-24.67, I2 = 62.30%, p = 0.004), depersonalization (11.57, 95% CI = 6.97-16.18, I2 = 68.50%, p = 0.001) and the lack of personal accomplishment (16.11, 95% CI = 8.60 -23.62, I2 = 74.70%, p = 0 <001) were determined. Also, in term of intensity, respectively for emotional exhaustion (17.90, 95% CI = 8.24-27.57, I2 = 64.80, p = 0.004), depersonalization (11.20, 95% CI = 6.80-16.22, I2 = 49.60%, p = 0.044) and the lack of personal accomplishment (23.45, 95% CI = 13.41 -33.49, I2 = 84.80%, p = 0 <001) were determined.Conclusions:According to findings, depersonalization and lack of personal accomplishment had moderate and high-level, respectively. Therefore, it is necessary health policymakers pay special attention to identifying and resolving the causes of occupational burnout in this population.

The polymorphism of TNFα (rs1799964) gene and schizophrenia risk: A meta-analysis

BackgroundSchizophrenia (SCZ) is a serious genetic illness. As a pleiotropic cytokine, tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF- α) is implicated in neurodegeneration and neuroprotection. TNF-α polymorphism has been shown to be associated with SCZ. The aim of this meta-analysis was therefore to combine and analysis studies to provide detailed findings indicating the relationship between rs1799964 polymorphism in the TNFα gene and SCZ. MethodDatabases, including PubMed, Google Scholar, Islamic World Science Citation Center, Web of Science, EMBASE, Google Scholar, and Scientific Information Database were searched to find investigations on the association between rs1799964 polymorphism and SCZ. Also, we determined summary odds ratios and 95% confidence interval in genotyping model to appraise the association. ResultsA total number of six researches on 2431 subjects and 2367 controls were found to meet our inclusion criteria. The TNF-α -1031 T > C polymorphism was analyzed. The current meta-analysis was the first one to investigate the association between TNF-α -1031 T > C and SCZ. ConclusionOur findings showed there was no relationship between TNF-α -1031 T > C polymorphism and SCZ susceptibility in the subjects.

A Scientometric Analysis of Iranian Research on Sports Medicine in Islamic World Science Citation Center

Introduction: Applying bibliometric indicators, this study aims at investigating the status of Persian sports medicine research based on the records in the Islamic World Science Citation Database (ISC). Material and Methods : This was a scientometric applied study in which the bibliometric techniques and social network analysis were used in conducting the investigations. The study population consisted of 1566 Persian articles published in the field of sports medicine indexed in ISC database until 2018. BibExcel, UCINet, Netdraw, and VOSviewer were among the software that were used for analyzing data and drawing maps in the study. Results: Initial analysis of the data showed that 1566 articles under study received a total of 266 citations, with an average of 0.17 citations per article, which is a very low level. “Sadeghi H”, “Alizadeh M”, and “Rajabi R” were considered to be the Iranian top researchers in the field of sports medicine in terms of the number of articles. “Ebrahimi Takamjani E” owned the best position in the network. Finally, the results uncovered that 8 thematic clusters were formed in sports medicine research. Conclusion: The results showed a relatively steady growth in the number of sports medicine articles indexed in ISC in 2010s. Moreover, according to the authorship patterns, it seems that sports medicine researchers are very interested in participatory activities. Moreover, given the subject clusters of co-word analysis, research in this field seems to cover a wide range of topics.

A Scientometric Analysis of Iranian Research on Sports Medicine in Islamic World Science Citation Center

Introduction: Applying bibliometric indicators, this study aims at investigating the status of Persian sports medicine research based on the records in the Islamic World Science Citation Database (ISC). Material and Methods : This was a scientometric applied study in which the bibliometric techniques and social network analysis were used in conducting the investigations. The study population consisted of 1566 Persian articles published in the field of sports medicine indexed in ISC database until 2018. BibExcel, UCINet, Netdraw, and VOSviewer were among the software that were used for analyzing data and drawing maps in the study. Results: Initial analysis of the data showed that 1566 articles under study received a total of 266 citations, with an average of 0.17 citations per article, which is a very low level. “Sadeghi H”, “Alizadeh M”, and “Rajabi R” were considered to be the Iranian top researchers in the field of sports medicine in terms of the number of articles. “Ebrahimi Takamjani E” owned the best position in the network. Finally, the results uncovered that 8 thematic clusters were formed in sports medicine research. Conclusion: The results showed a relatively steady growth in the number of sports medicine articles indexed in ISC in 2010s. Moreover, according to the authorship patterns, it seems that sports medicine researchers are very interested in participatory activities. Moreover, given the subject clusters of co-word analysis, research in this field seems to cover a wide range of topics.

Antiviral Induced Drug Reaction with Eosinophilia and Systemic Symptoms (DRESS) Dyndrome: A Literature Review

Drug reaction with eosinophilia and systemic symptoms syndrome (DRESS) is a delayed infrequent potentially life-threatening drug reaction. Fever, rash, lymphadenopathy, eosinophilia, and hepatic involvement are common features. Aromatic anticonvulsants and allopurinol are the most frequent causative agents. However, some cases of antivirals induced DRESS are available. In this review, we try to summarize studies of antiviral induced DRESS syndrome. The data were collected by searching PubMed, Science Direct, Google Scholar, Scopus, Cochrane database systematic reviews, and Islamic World Science Citation Center (ISC). The Keywords used as search terms were “DRESS syndrome”, “drug-induced hypersensitivity reaction (DIHS)”, “antiviral”, and names of various antiviral agents. Finally, a total of 28 relevant articles up to the date of publication were included for review. Totally, 30 cases of antiviral induced DRESS are reported. European registry on severe cutaneous adverse drug reactions (RegiSCAR) was the usual used clinical diagnostic criteria. Most of the reports were related to, telaprevir. Rash and fever actually occurred in a large number of these patients. Eosinophilia was the most reported hematologic involvement. Liver injury is the most defined type of organ damage. Most of the patients managed with systemic corticosteroids. The death occurred in 1 patient from liver decompensation. The reactivation various viruses especially HHV-6 is reported in 2 Cases. The latency period was between 10 and 330 days after drug administration. It is necessary to perform more studies, especially those focused on the association between DRESS syndrome and viral reactivation and also its effective management. J Pharm Care 2020; 8(1): 35-47.

Concise review: Herbal remedies and herbal plants for constipation in children

Background: Constipation refers to difficult or delayed bowel emptying lasting 2 weeks or more and causing anxiety and distress in patients, and it is one of the most common problems in children. To treat constipation, therapeutic measures such as nutritional methods, feedback training, osmotic laxatives and stimulants, as well as stool volume enhancers, are used; however, each has its own problems and side effects. Medicinal plants have been shown to be effective in the treatment of many diseases, including constipation. Therefore, this review was conducted to report the medicinal plants effective for constipation.&#x0D; Methods: In the current review, eligible articles indexed from databases such as ISI (Web of Science), PubMed, Scopus, Islamic World Science Citation Center, Scientific Information Database, and Magiran were retrieved using the keywords ‘constipation’, ‘children constipation’, ‘baby’s and newborn constipation’, ‘medicinal plants’, and ‘traditional medicine’.&#x0D; Results: Available evidence showed that the medicinal plants Olea europaea, Phaseolus vulgaris, Prunus armeniaca, Brassica oleracea var. italica, Malus domestica, Linum usitatissimum, Aloe vera, Vitis vinifera, Foeniculum vulgare, Ficus carica, Ricinus communis, Sesamum indicum, and Descurainia sophia are some of the most important medicinal plants for the treatment of constipation in traditional medicine.&#x0D; Conclusion: Herbal plants are important for isolation/ preparation of new drugs in the treatment of constipation in children. In future studies, it may be beneficial to further understand and classify herbal plants/remedies, based on their mechanisms, as laxatives in the treatment of constipation.

Concise Review: Herbal remedies for the treatment of nausea and vomiting

Background: Vomiting occurs when the contractions of stomach muscle walls cause a large amount of the stomach content to go upward and flow back into the esophagus; this process is very common among infants. The aim of this review was to present the effects of medicinal plants on vomiting.&#x0D; Methods: In the current review, articles indexed in databases such as ISI, PubMed, Scopus, Islamic World Science Citation Center, Scientific Information Database, and Magiran were retrieved using the search terms ‘vomiting’, ‘nausea’, ‘medicinal plants’, and ‘traditional medicine’.&#x0D; Results: Based on the research findings, the medicinal plants Zingiber officinale, Mentha piperita, Cinnamomum verum, Citrus limon, Matricaria chamomilla, Lavandula angustifolia, Allium cepa, Oryza sativa, Foeniculum vulgare, Cuminum cyminum, Eugenia caryophyllata, Elettaria cardamomum, Pimpinella anisum, Ferula assa-foetida, Ocimum basilicum, and Musa sapientum were selected as the focus.&#x0D; Conclusion: In traditional medicine, treatment for vomiting is relevant, especially in children. The mechanisms of some of these plants have been understood but for many they are still unclear. Further investigations are needed to understand more about these medicinal plants and their mechanism of action for effective use in the clinic.

Phytotherapy for children's nocturnal enuresis

In a period of childhood, one of the issues that annoys the parents is their child's nocturnal enuresis. Nocturnal enuresis is annoying not only for the family but for the children themselves. Conventional treatments for nocturnal enuresis lead to certain complications. Medicinal plants have a special status in the treatment of neonatal and pediatric diseases. In phytomedicine, certain medicinal plants and phytotherapies have been suggested to treat nocturnal enuresis. The purpose of this study is to review the most important medicinal plants for children's nocturnal enuresis. To conduct this review, we searched for relevant articles indexed in certain databases such as PubMed, Scopus, Islamic World Science Citation Center, Scientific Information Database, and Magiran and some data sites using the words nocturnal enuresis, children's urination, medicinal plants, and traditional medicine. Results have shown that Zingiber officinale, Valeriana officinalis, Alcea rosea, Elettaria cardamomum, Cinnamomum verum, Ribes uva-crispa, Cornus mas, Juglans regia, Vitis vinifera, Sinapis spp., Olea europaea, and Prunus cerasus are a number of important plants that are effective on nocturnal enuresis in traditional medicine and phytomedicine.Journal of Medical and Biomedical Sciences (2017) 6(3), 23 - 29

The Interacting Role of University Ranking and Globalization of Education

Background: Based on the plan of revolution and innovation in medical education that was issued by the Iranian Ministry of Health and Medical Education, and the extensive role of such programs in the qualitative promotion of universities, The academic ranking of world universities is of great importance, since the qualitative and quantitative implementation of academic ranking can influence the realization of the university’s goals. Hence, the current study aimed at collecting data about the academic ranking of world universities as well as its criteria and indices and their relationship with globalization. Methods: To gain access to reputable databases in university ranking, an extensive search was performed in Google Scholar. Thereafter, after getting access to reputable databases such as Shanghai Jiao Tong University (SJTU), Times higher education world University ranking (THE), Quacquarelli Symonds world University rankings (QS), Webometric, and Islamic world science citation center (ISC), data were collected and classified. Results: Based on the collected data, the history of university rankings and ranking systems, as well as criteria and indices pertaining to the academic ranking of world universities, was derived, and the specificities of the criteria and indices were discussed. Conclusions: University rankings are usually performed on a combination of performance-associated indices and criteria. Efforts to achieve a desirable position based on the criteria and indices of the ranking system play an important role in the promotion of educational quality and globalization. Keywords: International Ranking System, Universities, Index, Globalization

A systematic review on the prevalence of conduct disorder in the Middle East.

Several epidemiological studies have been done on conduct disorder in the Middle East, but no systematic review has been conducted on this topic. Thus, we aimed at investigating the prevalence of conduct disorder in the Middle East in this systematic review of the literature. We searched all the cross-sectional studies in the scientific databases of PubMed, Scopus, Google Scholar, Index Medicus for the Eastern Mediterranean Region, Islamic World Science Citation Center, and Grey Literature including conference proceedings, and hand searching of key journals from 1995 to the end of 2014. Included studies described the prevalence of conduct disorder prior to age of 18, with any type of random or non-random sampling for at least one gender in the general or school-based populations who resided in Middle Eastern countries. Two reviewers assessed the quality of the included studies independently and extracted the relevant data. Twenty-four studies were included in this review. Sample sizes varied from 136 to 9636 with the age range of 6-18years. These studies were conducted in Iran, Turkey, Israel, Cyprus, Egypt, United Arab Emirates, Iraq, Afghanistan, Yemen, and Palestine. Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ) was used in most of the included studies. The prevalence of conduct disorder was reported from 2.4% by diagnostic criteria taken from DSM-IV-TR in Iraq to 32.9% by SDQ in Iran; the prevalence rates ranged from 1 to 29.9% for females and from 3.3 to 34.6% for males. However, the prevalence of conduct disorder was reported 0.34% by the diagnostic instrument of Kiddie Schedule for Affective Disorders and Schizophrenia for School-Age Children-Present and Lifetime in Iranian children and adolescents. The prevalence of conduct disorder in this study was higher than the worldwide prevalence, thus, it seems essential to design preventive and treatment programs for children and adolescents with conduct disorder.

Presence of the Iranian Library and the Information Science Departments in ResearchGate

&lt;p class="H1"&gt;Current research intends to survey on the participation of the Iranian Library and the Information Science departments in ResearchGate as academic social networks. In this article, activities of Iranian faculty members of the Library and the Information Science departments, using special indicators of ResearchGate - RGScore, Impact Points, Publications, Citations and Reads were analysed. Findings indicated that 36 Iranian faculty members of the Library and the Information Science Departments from 14 Universities and Institutions are active in ResearchGate. Moreover, the findings revealed that the Library and the Information Science Department of Kharazmi University, Islamic Azad University, Iran Medical Sciences University, Islamic World Science Citation Center and Tehran University were top Iranian active LIS departments on ResearchGate based on RG Score and Impact Points indicators. Total 654 documents were shared in ResearchGate by Iranian faculty members of the Library and the Information Science departments in ResearchGate and articles, conference papers and books had the most representation in this section. Iranian faculty members H. Jamali and A.R. Noruzi have the best performance in ResearchGate based on indicators such as Publications, Citations and Reads.&lt;/p&gt;

The Effects of Various Exercise-Based Interventions on Non-Specific Chronic Low Back Pain: A Systemic Review on Persian Studies

Introduction: Conservative treatment of patients with non-specific chronic low back pain (NCLBP); especially as exercise-based interventions, is a main part of rehabilitation program for such patients. This review study was designed to investigate the influences of exercise-based therapeutic intervention on patients with NCLBP in Persian studies. Materials and Methods: ISC (Islamic World Science Citation Center), Magiran, IranMedex, SID, and MedLib were selected as searching motor engines by using keywords including NCLBP, exercise-based therapy, Therapeutic exercise, Exercise therapy, and Corrective exercise training. Studies which used patients with acute or specific low back pain as subjects were excluded from the review process. Results: From 35 articles found, ten articles included in our study. They mainly concentrated on the effects of core stabilizing exercises and Pilates training on pain intensity, disability, function, balance, lumbar flexor and extensor muscles’ endurance, and electrical activity of abdominal and spinal muscles in individuals with NCLBP. Positive effect of core stabilizing exercises and Pilates training method on above-mentioned variables is confirmed in the literature. Conclusion: Exercise-based therapeutic interventions; especially as core stabilizing exercises or Pilates training can lead to reducing pain and improving function in patients with NCLBP; although designing and implementing clinical trials studies is essential due to relative poor quality of present articles to achieve more valid results.