Islamic Republic Of Iran Broadcasting Research Articles

Stakeholders analysis of COVID-19 management and control: a case of Iran

BackgroundThe COVID-19 pandemic is a multi-faceted phenomenon with many political, economic and social consequences. Success in managing and controlling this pandemic depends on the coordinated efforts of many organizations and institutions. Therefore, this study aimed to identify and analyze the actors and stakeholders related to managing and controlling this pandemic in Iran.MethodsThis mix-method stakeholder analysis was conducted in 2021 nationwide as retrospectively. The purposive sampling method was applied when inviting eligible participants to participate in the study. Our study was conducted in two phases. In the qualitative phase, data were collected using a semi-structured interview. An interview guide was developed based on the WHO stakeholder analysis framework. In the quantitative phase, we used a questionnaire developed based on the study framework. Each question was scored on a 5-point Likert scale, with a score greater than 4 was considered as high, 3–4 was considered as moderate, and 1–3 was considered as low. Data were analyzed using framework analysis, WHO stakeholders’ analysis framework and MENDELOW matrix. MAXQDA qualitative data analysis software Version 11 and Policy Maker software (Version. 4) were used for data analysis.ResultsA total of 48 stakeholders were identified. Ministry of Health (MoH), National Headquarters for Coronavirus Control (NHCC) had the highest participation level, high supportive position, and knowledge of the subject. The Parliament of Iran (PoI), Islamic Revolutionary Guard Corps (IRGC), and Islamic Republic of Iran Broadcasting (IRIB) had the highest power/influence during the Covid-19 epidemic. Only two stakeholders (6.06%) had high participation, and 18.18% had moderate participation. All stakeholders except for the NHCC and the MoH lacked appropriate knowledge of the subject. Furthermore, only three stakeholders (9.09%) had high power/influence.ConclusionGiven the multidimensional nature of Covid-19, most institutions and organizations were involved in managing this pandemic. Stakeholders with high power/authority and resources had a low/moderate participation level and a moderate supportive position. Moreover, organizations with a high supportive position and participation had low power/authority and resources to cope with COVID-19.

The effect of intra-organizational knowledge hiding on employee turnover intentions: the mediating role of organizational embeddedness: a case study of knowledge workers of IRIB

PurposeThis paper aims to examine the relationship between intra-organizational knowledge hiding (I-OKH) and turnover intention via the mediating role of organizational embeddedness.Design/methodology/approachA model was developed and tested with data collected from 276 knowledge workers from the Islamic Republic of Iran Broadcasting (IRIB) using Smart PLS3 to test the hypotheses.FindingsResults show that organizational embeddedness mediates the relationship between intra-organizational knowledge hiding and turnover intention because intra-organizational knowledge hiding relates negatively to organizational embeddedness, which, in turn, has a negative effect on turnover intentions.Practical implicationsThis study can be beneficial for organizations that employ knowledge workers. The management should pay attention to the existence and consequences of intra-organizational knowledge hiding to control one of the causing factors of weakened organizational embeddedness, which, in turn, increases employee turnover intentions.Originality/valueThis study is the first attempt to analyze knowledge hiding from a third-person point of view. Moreover, this is the first to examine the mediating role of organizational embeddedness in the relationship between intra-organizational knowledge hiding and employee turnover intentions, enriched by employing the data from the knowledge workers beyond the Anglo-American-European world.

Explanation of Executive Model of IRIB News in Crisis Management

INTRODUCTION: Due to the vulnerability of the country to various disasters and events, the role of directing public opinion, and the attention of the general public and political elites to Islamic Republic of Iran Broadcasting (IRIB), the present study aimed to obtain and explain an executive model of IRIB news in crisis management. METHODS: This study was conducted based on an applied research method in terms of objective, and it is qualitative research using an exploratory approach in terms of method. The statistical population consisted of experts, managers, and professors of media and crisis (Crescent Society and Crisis Management Organization). The data were collected using a semi-structured in-depth interview technique, and a saturation was observed using a targeted sampling and after 25 interviews. In addition, the Strauss method in grounded theory was applied to analyze the data. Moreover, in the process of theory analysis, MAXQDA (version 2020) was applied, and a total of 120 concepts and 20 categories were identified. FINDINGS: Some categories, such as the unprofessional nature of media, unprofessional coverage of news, biased news organization, lack of media independence, public distrust, and tendency toward alternative media, are the requirements for explaining an executive model of news in crisis management, which are axially coded as causal conditions. In addition, appropriate news coverage, information, analytical programs, people's voice, crisis management principles and organization, education and informing, and culturalization, were the seven main categories selected as the main strategies to develop the model. CONCLUSION: Some categories, such as the improvement of media performance, de-escalation instead of crisis-making, rumor prevention, obtainment of public trust, accountability of officials, organizing and mobilizing human forces, social cohesion, increasing resilience, as well as reconstruction and rehabilitation, are of the consequences of using appropriate strategies to explain IRIB news in crisis management.

Stakeholder analysis of childhood obesity prevention policies in Iran

BackgroundChildhood obesity is one of the most serious health challenges and risk factors for various diseases. International health organizations, such as the World Health Organization (WHO), recommend more stakeholder engagement to discuss this health problem. Therefore, this study aims to identify and analyze the stakeholders of childhood obesity prevention (COP) policy making process in Iran.MethodsIn this study, semi-structured interviews were conducted with 24 Iranian stakeholders in the field of COP from February 2019 to May 2020. PolicyMaker V.4 and MAXQDA V.10 software were used for the analysis of stakeholders.ResultsOut of 24 interviewed stakeholders, 17 were active and seven were inactive. The most powerful and supportive stakeholders were the Ministry of Health and Medical Education (MoHME) and the national and regional Offices of Community Nutrition Improvement. Although stakeholders like the Ministry of Sports and Youth, the municipalities, the Secretariat of the Health and Food Safety, the Islamic Republic of Iran Broadcasting (IRIB), and Student Organization were among powerful bodies, they showed the least support for COP policies. The remaining stakeholders showed medium or low support and power in the policy making process.ConclusionsDisconnect between stakeholders, less attention to prevention strategies, and high advertising of unhealthy foods were among the main challenges facing the COP policies in Iran and worldwide. Insufficient financial resources, little attention to the young people under 18, non-aligned policies of the Student Organization and the IRIB, and insufficient support of COP policies were among the key challenges to be handled.

Spoken Term Detection for Persian News of Islamic Republic of Iran Broadcasting

Spoken Term Detection for Persian News of Islamic Republic of Iran Broadcasting

Proposing a technical human resource competence model in cyberspace media: a qualitative approach

The purpose of this study is to identify the dimensions of the human capital capability model in the cyberspace of national media. This study is typically qualitative and the field study has been performed on the cyberspace experts in Islamic Republic of Iran Broadcasting (IRIB) organisation who have been selected and interviewed by semi-structured deep interview method. The interview continued with 26 experts to reach the theoretical saturation. Then, using content analysis technique, data analysis has been performed. Findings indicate that core competencies in the field of cyberspace can be explained in five core individual capabilities including competencies, knowledge and academic competencies, interpersonal and communication competencies, organisational competencies and virtualisation competencies. In addition, 85 subordinate competencies can be extracted out of the total results.

Proposing a technical human resource competence model in cyberspace media: a qualitative approach

The purpose of this study is to identify the dimensions of the human capital capability model in the cyberspace of national media. This study is typically qualitative and the field study has been performed on the cyberspace experts in Islamic Republic of Iran Broadcasting (IRIB) organisation who have been selected and interviewed by semi-structured deep interview method. The interview continued with 26 experts to reach the theoretical saturation. Then, using content analysis technique, data analysis has been performed. Findings indicate that core competencies in the field of cyberspace can be explained in five core individual capabilities including competencies, knowledge and academic competencies, interpersonal and communication competencies, organisational competencies and virtualisation competencies. In addition, 85 subordinate competencies can be extracted out of the total results.

Intersectoral Expectations for Promoting Mental Health: A Qualitative Case Study of Islamic Republic of Iran.

Background:The prevalence of mental diseases is 23.6% in Iran. Taking intersectoral measures is said to be effective in promoting mental health and reducing the burden of the diseases caused by social determinants. The aim of this study was to determine the role of national organizations in promoting mental health in Iran.Methods:An applied descriptive qualitative method was used. The data were collected by reviewing the literature, interviewing with experts, and holding focus group discussions. To identify the roles of organization, a two-dimensional matrix was drawn.Results:The roles of 31 national organizations in five groups were determined. Then, the intersectoral organizational expectations in two key areas were extracted. The key roles determined were mostly related to the Ministry of Education, Islamic Republic of Iran Broadcasting, Ministry of Labor and Social Welfare, and the Ministry of Sports and Youth.Conclusions:Due to the growing burden of mental disorders in the country, informing national organizations and attracting their active participation based on intersectoral expectations and developing interaction mechanisms among them can be an effective step in promoting mental health and reducing the environmental factors threatening mental health.

The performance analysis of Islamic republic of Iran broadcasting (IRIB) in comparison with foreign selected channels in the field of sports

The purpose of this study was to analyze the performance of Islamic republic of Iran broadcasting (IRIB) in comparison with foreign selected channels in the field of sports. The methodology of the present study is descriptive in terms of strategy and content analysis in terms of method. The statistical population of the study includes all channels that are involved in production of sport programs inside and outside of the country. Two non-sport channels and two sport channels that covered night and day sport events were selected as the samples of the study. The Tv3 channel and Sport Channel from Iran and ZDF and Ray Sport 1 channel from Germany have been selected as the samples for the test. The instrument used for data collection in this study was coded sheet used for analyzing the content of the programs broadcasting by these channels. Face and content validity of coded sheet confirmed by three experts and its reliability confirmed by agreement coefficient of Scott π (0/86). The results of the study showed that different TV channels in terms of content, function and coverage of sport programs are different based on functional roles. Therefore, broadcasting organization must develop comprehensive and codified programming for broadcasting sport programs and its coverage.

Refugees against refugees: the Iranian Migrants’ perception of the human rights of Afghans in Iran

ABSTRACTVarious laws and policies exist in Iran that discriminate against people labelled as ‘others’. The state-owned and state-controlled media outlets, the most important being the Islamic Republic of Iran Broadcasting (IRIB), are used to publicise and to promote such laws and regulations in the form of propaganda. While the laws and regulations are state administered, Iranians are the targeted audience of such propaganda and are encouraged to take heed and to act on the ‘otherness’. The Iranian public is legally incited to violate the human rights of the ‘other’. This article focuses on the recent Iranians migrants and their thoughts on human rights of Afghan refugees in Iran as an ‘other’ in relation to the appropriateness of the representation of the human rights of Afghan refugees on IRIB. The research draws on quantitative and qualitative data from a study of 101 recent Iranian migrants. An analysis of the data reveals discrimination of Iranian migrants, a majority of whom are refugees themselves, against the Afghan refugees in Iran. These results are indicative of a larger human rights issue within Iran that goes beyond the state policies and regulations and shows a lack of knowledge of the human rights of refugees, on the part of the Iranian population.

The Effect of Learning Standards and Market-Orientation in Competitive Strategy and Organizational Survival of the Islamic Republic of Iran Broadcasting (IRIB)

The aim of the present study to is to determine the effect of learning standards and market orientation effect on competition and survival strategies in the Islamic Republic of Iran Broadcasting. This research is an applied research and the method of collecting data is field research. The Statistical Society includes all 248 managers and senior technical experts in IRIB in 2015 which by using of Morgan Table the 148 volume has been selected. For gathering data, we used OL learning Criteria Questionnaire (2001), Slater and Narver marketing Questionnaire (1990), Self-made questionnaire based on Porter’s competitive strategy, and Self-made questionnaire based on organizational survival in Likert’s 5-degree scale. Data collected by descriptive statistics (Frequency tables, graphs, percentages, averages) and inferential statistical methods, (Pearson correlation, synchronous multiple regression analysis, structural equation modeling) by using statistical software SPSS and AMOS were analyzed. The results showed: learning criterion has a positive and significant effect on marketing, Marketing (customer-oriented, cross-sector coordination, competitiveness) has a significant positive impact on competitive strategies and organizational survival, Competitive strategies have a positive and significant effect on organizational survival. The results showed that the model fit is appropriate.

Prevalence of Types of Cancers in the Elderly Covered by Insurance of the Islamic Republic of Iran Broadcasting Company in 2015 - Comparison with Younger Groups

Presently, the world population of the elderly is growing. By improving health hygiene and welfare indicators, mortality and birth rates decrease and life expectancy increases, making the present century the century of elderly. Aging is one of the main risk factors for development of cancer, which itself is the second cause of death in old people. This study was conducted to assess the prevalence of cancer in the elderly covered by the Islamic Republic of Iran Broadcasting (IRIB) insurance program and to obtain suitable programs for cancer screening and early detection, increase patient survival, improve elderly care and to reclaim the cost of treatment in comparison to the national and international statistics. This is a cross-sectional study conducted on all elderly patients diagnosed with malignancy based on their pathology reports. In this study, of the total 75,500 patients covered by IRIB insurance, 17.2% belonged to the elderly group, males accounting for 53.3%. The most common cancers in old men were prostatic cancer (61.3%), colon cancer (10.3%) cancer of the hematologic system, bladder cancer (9.6%), lung cancer (9.1%), thyroid cancer (3.9%) and brain tumors (1.3%). In the elderly women, the most common cancers were breast cancer (80.1%), colon cancer (5.1%), thyroid cancers (4.4%), bladder and hematologic system malignancies (3.6), lung cancer (2.9%) and brain tumors (0.7%). In addition, the prevalence of cancer was almost the same as national and international statistics. With the exception of non-melanoma skin cancer no difference was shown in prevalence of cancer between IRIB elderly patients and the other groups of cancer patients in Iran.

Challenges of News Policy in the Islamic Republic of Iran Broadcasting (IRIB): A Qualitative Study

Policy-making plays an important role in the sphere of public media and shapes the sphere of communications in any society. Study of the process of media policy and the way a proper policy could be made so to accomplish the goals, expectations and wishes is a necessary issue in the area of media studies. Islamic Republic of Iran Broadcasting (IRIB), as a state media, is the largest source of information in Iran. The present paper aimed to analyze the backgrounds of news policy for presidential election in this state media using theme analysis and questionnaire method. Experts and specialists in the field of news and news policy and also the directors of IRIB were interviewed for collecting the required information. Analysis of collected data and information has been presented as prioritization of input news policies in this media, categories of news policymakers, and prioritization of long-term, mid-term, and short-term news policies in this media.

Proposing Favorite Strategies to Produce Social and Political Documentaries for IRIB (Islamic Republic of Iran Broadcasting)—By Purpose of Promoting State Social Capital for Adult and University Students

<p>Informing and providing awareness is a part of mass media’s significant responsibilities and social and political documentaries is one of the effective frames in performing this significant duty on adults and university students. Therefore, the main purpose of this study is proposing favorite strategies for IRIB in making social and political TV documentaries with the aim of promoting state social capital for university students and adults. The method is in-depth interview with experts and utilizing the findings of another research titled “an analysis of the views of Communication Sciences students regarding the IRIB’s political and documentaries with an emphasis on the utilitarian approach and gratification level” adopting the Rosengren approach. Results showed that aggressive strategies are the most proper policies for the IRIB. Finally, the formulated aggressive strategies were prioritized and the most important strategy for this research is “producing social and political documentaries with informational approach in an accurate, precise, and comprehensive manner and considering other needs of audiences such as amusement, personal identity, and personal relationships”.</p>

Iranian television advertisement and children′s food preferences

Background:In this study, the nature of food commercials in children's television (TV) was monitored and analyzed; simultaneously, the relationship between recalling TV food commercials and children's interest in them and in the consumption of the same food products was evaluated.Methods:A total of 108 h children's programs broadcast on two channels (Two and Amouzesh) of Islamic Republic of Iran Broadcasting (IRIB) media organization were monitored (May 6–12, 2015). Simultaneously, a cross-sectional study using 403 primary schoolchildren (201 boys) in four schools of Shirvan, Northeast of Iran, was executed. The children were prompted to recall all TV commercials broadcast on IRIB. Meanwhile, they were directed to define in the list of recalled TV food commercials those were interested in and the commercials (food products) they actually were willing to consume.Results:Regarding the frequency and duration of broadcasting, food commercials ranked fifth and sixth, respectively. Fruit leather and plum paste were the most frequently broadcast food commercials. “High quality” (19%), “good taste” (15%), “novelty”, and “message on nutritional composition” (13%) were the most frequent messages used in promoting the sale of food products, respectively. In addition, focus on “high quality/precision in the preparation of the food products” was the most frequently used appeals in TV commercials. There was a significant relationship between recalling TV food commercials and the interest in five out of eight of the commercials (62.5%) (P < 0.05). The relationship between recalling TV food commercials and the interest in the consumption of the same food product (“Tomato paste B”) was statistically significant for 12.5% of the commercials (P < 0.05).Conclusions:TV food commercials do not encourage healthy eating. The current study provides convincing evidence for policy-makers and researchers to pay more attention to this area.

Explaining the Type of Audience Attitude toward the Content of Religious Medium (Islamic Republic of Iran Broadcasting) (Case Study)

&lt;p&gt;This article is written to theoretically and empirically explain analytical model. In the model, audience attitude toward the content of religious medium (IRIB) is defined as internal variable and the aspects of audience religiosity, his religious knowledge, and type of religiosity as external variables. Each of the variables formulated in research model has theoretical bases. Research method is survey. Data was collected using a handmade questionnaire which was reliable and valid based on test. The statistical population of the study consisted of Isfahan people (n=300). They were randomly sampled. In this study, the effect of aspects of audience religiosity, type of his religiosity and religious knowledge on his attitude toward the content of religious medium is examined in terms of several hypotheses. The analytical model of the study is designed using AMOS. Model fit indices show that Chi square index indicates numerical value of 3.28. Based on what Schumacher and Lomax (2009) suggest as acceptable (i.e. if it is between 1 and 5), it is a good value. In addition to the above index, other indices are also computed for respective model. One of them is Root Mean Square Error of Estimation (RMSEA). It is obtained 0.078 (i.e. &amp;lt;0.08). &lt;/p&gt;

A Comparative Study of Descriptive Metadata in Audio Archives of IRIB Using the PBCore Metadata Standard

Abstract. Objective: The purpose of the present research was to compare the descriptive metadata of the audio archives of the Islamic Republic of Iran Broadcasting (IRIB) to the content classes of the PBCore metadata standard (i.e. Intellectual Content, Intellectual Property, Instantiation, and Extension). Methods: Using comparative survey, the tags of the PBCore metadata standard were extracted and translated. A checklist was also developed of fields classified under Intellectual Content, Intellectual Property, Instantiation, and Extension. Using these tags and fields the applications of each audio archive were compared to the PBCore metadata standard. Findings: The results indicated that the descriptive metadata of IRIB’s audio archives conforms to the PBCore metadata standard by 63 percent. The results also showed that audio archives conformed to the PBCore standard in terms of intellectual content, intellectual property, and instantiation, but not in terms of extension. This could be because storage and retrieval experts at IRIB focus primarily on domestic demands and ignore international standards. The results also suggest that the PBCore metadata standard can be used to describe the archives of IRIB for storage and retrieval. Conclusion: Overall, the results indicated the conformity of the audio archives of IRIB to the PBCore metadata standard. However, extensions are needed in the web, intranet, and internet to provide a repository for metadata from external systems. This will also allow for integration and standardization in converting and creating metadata for transfer between IRIB centers and foreign archives.

Content analysis of Islamic Republic of Iran television food advertising related to oral health: appeals and performance methods.

Today, electronic mass media such as television (TV), influence behavioral patterns of their audiences. This study aimed to evaluate what messages on food advertisements related to oral health were transmitted (appeals) and how they were transferred (performance methods & artistic techniques) in Islamic Republic of Iran Broadcasting (IRIB). In this cross sectional study, broadcasted advertisements on 4 important channels of Iran TV were recorded for a week from 8 am to 12 pm in 2012. The content and volume of food advertisements were investigated using a researcher-made check list. Advertisement group (food, non-food), food group (non-cariogenic, cariogenic), advertisement appeals (rational, emotional, and humor content), advertisement performance methods (hard-sell, soft-sell, presenting confirmation of Ministry of Health and Medical Education), and artistic technique were assessed. For variable comparison in groups a chi squared test and t-tests were used via SPSS software. Frequency of food advertisements (14.9%) were less than non-food advertising. Non-cariogenic food advertisements had higher frequency (12.09% (compared to cariogenic food (2.8%(. Rational appeal in advertising of non-cariogenic food had the most frequency (64.9%). In contrast emotional appeal for cariogenic food was used more frequently (85.5%). For cariogenic foods, a soft-sell approach was used more frequently (95.5%). The most common artistic technique used in food advertising was music. Chemical and mechanical dental plaque control materials had a very low frequency (0.2%). Advertising of cariogenic foods in Iran TV has low frequency.

The Effect of In-Service Entrepreneurship Training on Mass Media Managers’ Entrepreneurship: A Case Study of IRIB

This study investigates the impact of in-service entrepreneurship training on the improvement of mass media managers’ entrepreneurship in Islamic Republic of Iran Broadcasting (IRIB), Tehran, Iran. Features of corporate entrepreneurship were regarded as four dimensions of creativity and innovation, risk-taking, perseverance, and competitive spirit. Also, we examined the effect of entrepreneurship training on corporate entrepreneurship. To collect the data, we developed a questionnaire. Forty four production managers of IRIB volunteered to fill in the questionnaire. However, 4 persons were excluded from the group due to incomplete completion of the questionnaire and treatment which made the participants 40 people. The participants were randomly assigned to two participating groups. To test the hypotheses, variance and multi-covariance tests were applied. The analysis of the data obtained showed that the entrepreneurship training has significant effect on creativity, risk-taking, perseverance, and competitive spirit.

The effect of in-service entrepreneurship training on mass media managers’ entrepreneurship: A case study of IRIB

This study investigates the impact of in-service entrepreneurship training on the improvement of mass media managers’ entrepreneurship in Islamic Republic of Iran Broadcasting (IRIB), Tehran, Iran. Features of corporate entrepreneurship were regarded as four dimensions of creativity and innovation, risk-taking, perseverance, and competitive spirit. Also, we examined the effect of entrepreneurship training on corporate entrepreneurship. To collect the data, we developed a questionnaire. Forty four production managers of IRIB volunteered tofill in the questionnaire. However, 4 persons were excluded from the group due to incomplete completion of the questionnaire and treatment which made the participants 40 people. The participants were randomly assigned to two participating groups. To test the hypotheses, variance and multi-covariance tests were applied. The analysis of the data obtained showed that the entrepreneurship training has significant effect on creativity, risk-taking, perseverance, and competitive spirit.