Perspective Of Islamic Ethics Research Articles

Panic Buying and Hoarding of Medicine During the Covid-19 Pandemic in the Perspective of Islamic Ethics

This study aims to analyze Islamic ethics towards panic buying and hoarding of medicines during the Covid-19 pandemic. Queues at pharmacies were seen in June-July 2021 as a phenomenon of public panic against Covid-19. This study uses an interpretive descriptive qualitative approach. Research data were collected through literature study. The results show that there are Islamic ethics for sellers and buyers so as not to harm the community. Islamic ethics for sellers are (1) Fear of Allah so as not to be punished sinful; (2) Not taking advantage of the community's distress during the Pandemic; (3) Be qanaah by not refusing a small profit. Islamic ethics for buyers are : (1) Fear of Allah in order to accept disaster as Allah's will; (2) The rationality of consumption of Muslim families during the pandemic; (3) Prioritizing at-ta'awun or helping each other in emergency situations; (4) Be satified so that someone doesn't buy more than his need. This research is expected to be useful for sellers and consumers to behave Islamic ethics in responding to panic buying and ihtikar.

POLITIK ISLAM KONTEMPORER: ANALISIS HADIS TENTANG PEMIMPIN PELINDUNG RAKYAT

This article presents an in-depth analysis of the hadith about protecting the people in the context of contemporary Islamic politics. The formulation of the problem involves the urgency of the leader's role as protector of the people, viewed from the perspective of Islamic ethics. The purpose of writing is to discuss and understand the implications of this hadith in modern political dynamics and seek a deeper understanding of the responsibility of leaders in maintaining the security and rights of the people. The research method used is Double Movement Hermeneutics, by detailing and analyzing the hadith as a conceptual basis. The research results show that this paper links these findings to contemporary Islamic political conditions where leadership that reflects ethical and moral values is an urgent need. The content in the hadith editorial is related to contemporary Islamic politics, including; principles of security and stability, principles, justice and human rights, finally law enforcement. This emphasizes the importance of leaders as protectors of the people, especially leaders who understand and understand the ethical principles contained in the Koran and Hadith which can be implemented in the world of politics.

How to program autonomous vehicle (AV) crash algorithms: an Islamic ethical perspective

PurposeFully autonomous self-driving cars not only hold the potential for significant economic and environmental advantages but also introduce complex ethical dilemmas. One of the highly debated issues, known as the “trolley problems,” revolves around determining the appropriate actions for a self-driving car when faced with an unavoidable crash. Currently, the discourse on autonomous vehicle (AV) crash algorithms is primarily shaped by Western ethical traditions, resulting in a Eurocentric bias due to the dominant economic and political influence of the West. However, considering that AV technology will be deployed across diverse cultural and religious contexts, this paper aims to contribute to the discourse by providing an Islamic perspective on programming the response of AVs in the event of an imminent crash.Design/methodology/approachThis study proposes a novel methodology based on the Islamic concept of maṣlaḥa for the normative assessment of ethical decisions related to AV programming.FindingsDrawing upon the works of classic Islamic jurists, this study highlights two distinct normative visions within Islamic traditions (akin to deontology and consequentialism) concerning the preservation of human lives in the context of AVs. This study explores the shared and divergent elements between Islamic and Western ethical approaches proposed for AVs.Originality/valueThis pioneering work examines AV crash algorithms from an Islamic perspective, filling a void in the global ethical discourse. This work will also serve an important role to bridge the gap between the theoretical Islamic ethical principles and their practical application in the realm of AVs.

Cashback and Split Payment as an E-Commerce Marketing Strategy from the Perspective of Islamic Ethics

Innovation and creativity are required if a company's product or service wants to compete in this digital era, especially in selecting marketing strategies. Selecting a marketing strategy is the most important thing determining the success or failure of a company that carries out e-commerce activities. Cashback and split payments are one of the marketing strategies chosen by the company to entice buyers to transact with its merchant members. However, often cashback and split payment schemes, including payment schemes for transactions with merchants through marketplaces, do not meet the ethical values of Islamic business in which transactions must supposedly earn the blessings of Allah SWT. This study discusses cashback and split payment schemes, namely their concept, theory, and implementation, the distribution scheme’s types, and whether they can fulfill the values of Islamic business ethics. The research method chosen by the author is a qualitative descriptive study, namely a study of literature using journals, e-books, the web, and other reading materials which serve as references herein. The results of the study show that there are cashback and split payment schemes that are prohibited and do not meet the values of Islamic business ethics. However, most consumers are less thorough and aware of the cashback and split payment schemes. Interest in discounted prices and ease of transactions attract consumers to the advantages and benefits of these transactions and schemes. Consumers must be more careful, so they are not trapped in transactions that violate Islamic law's principles. Scholars are required to update information related to business concepts and strategies implemented by e-commerce business actors to understand better the wider community about whether marketing strategies involving transaction or payment schemes are permissible.

Application of Maslahah and Mafsadah Criteria According to Islamic Ethics Perspective on Post-Mortem of Corpses in Malaysia

Application of Maslahah and Mafsadah Criteria According to Islamic Ethics Perspective on Post-Mortem of Corpses in Malaysia

The Effect of Forgiveness and Spouse Social Support on Marital Satisfaction from the Perspective of Islamic Ethics

This study aims to examine the effects of forgiveness and spouse social support on marital satisfaction in working wives from the perspective of Islamic ethics. This quantitative study involved 225 participants from Indonesia and employed purposive sampling. Data were collected using a questionnaire with a Likert scale model and were analyzed using multiple regression analysis techniques with the aid of the SPSS 22 program. The findings show that 1) forgiveness and spouse social support variables have a simultaneous effect on marital satisfaction variables. The variables of forgiveness and spouse social support have a combined influence of 63.8% on the marital satisfaction variable, with the remaining 35.9% influenced by other unexamined variables; 2) The forgiveness variable has a partial effect on the marital satisfaction variable; and 3) The spouse social support variable has a partial effect on the marital satisfaction variable. Ethical entities such as forgiveness and spouse social support, in fact, have a significant influence in preventing larger conflicts that threaten the level of satisfaction and happiness in marriage. Happiness in general is seen as cognitive, conative, and accidental according to Islamic ethical theory. The harmonization of these three elements is crucial in Islamic ethical principles and, even further, becomes an important factor in achieving happiness. The implication of this research is that factors such as forgiveness and spouse social support play a significant role in marital satisfaction among working wives, particularly within the framework of Islamic ethics.

Analysis of Culinary Business Development Strategies in The Perspective of Islamic Ethics (Case Study In Ms. Djito Batu's Catering Ambassador Business)

The potential for culinary business development in Malang City is growing rapidly, one of which is in the catering business sector. More than 100 catering businesses in Malang prove that this business is in great demand by the people of Malang City. One of the catering businesses located in Malang City is Duta Catering, Ms. Djito, which is located between the border of Malang City and Batu City. Catering Ambassador Ms. Djito is one of the best catering businesses and is ranked No. 01. For the city of Malang and No. 02 for all East Java Province. Of course, achieving this is not an easy thing, but Catering Ambassador Ms. Djito has strategies for developing her business, and they are analyzed using Islamic Ethics. From the in-depth research findings, it can be seen that the strategy used by Ambassador Catering, Mrs. Djito, uses 3 strategies. Namely vertical integrity strategy (forward integrity strategy, backward integrity strategy, and horizontal integrity strategy), intensive strategy (market penetration strategy and product development strategy), and diversification strategy implementing a related/concentric diversification strategy. If analyzed with Islamic ethics, the strategies implemented by Catering Ambassador Ms. Djito are in general in accordance with the existing theory. In this case the Catering Ambassador, Ms. Djito, does not only focus on strategies in general, but the Catering Ambassador, Ms. Djito, also does not forget matters regulated by the Islamic Religion

Islamisches Rechtswesen und umweltökologische Nachhaltigkeit: Positionen zu einer islamisch geprägten Umweltethik

In recent decades, questions of climate change and environmental problems have received increasing attention not only in Germany and Europe, but also globally. This has been accompanied by transnational and societal debates on environmental ethics. Such debates have also found their way into Muslim discourses. Since the 1960s, Muslim environmental activists, theologians, and scholars have addressed these issues from an Islamic ethical perspective. In doing so, they have referred to Islamic normative texts such as the Qur'an and the Sunnah (traditions of the Prophet) in order to identify points of reference and relevant concepts for environmental ethics. In this context, particular reference is made to classical concepts such as tawḥīd (the oneness of God and His creation), ḫilāfa (the vicegerency of man), and amāna (trust). These are supposed to serve as the religious basis for so-called eco-Islam. However, it is questionable whether these concepts, in their classical understanding, are applicable to contemporary non-religious discourses on ecological sustainability as well as to current discourses on ethics. Against this background, the present article explores more recent approaches to environmental ethics. It examines the extent to which approaches and concepts stemming from Islamic sources can be used as a basis for contemporary discourses on Islamic environmental ethics. The article follows a historical-critical approach and aims to provide insights for rethinking the question of Islamic environmental ethics.

Reinterpretation Of Political Islamic Movement In Indonesia Within The Social Ethics Perspective Of Abid Al-Jabiri

Radical Islam, as the basis of political movements, has been widely studied by scholars and political observers. The existing study efforts have produced many findings based on the perspectives and approaches used from an economic, social, cultural, to theological point of view. However, there still needs to be an Islamic ethical perspective to examine the model of the Islamic political movement. This article examines the thoughts of Abid Al-Jabiri regarding the concept of social ethics from a new point of view. This library research describes Al-Jabiri's ethical thinking based on his works. The results of this study indicate 1) The roots of the emergence of the political Islam movement departed from a literalist understanding of Islamic teachings so that the political goal to establish an Islamic state in Indonesia was born from a misinterpretation of Islamic teachings 2) The contours of the movement were identity politics born of the dichotomous paradigm 3) and the consequences This movement contradicts Al-Jabiri's Islamic ethical thought which emphasizes the public benefit and goodness because the acts of terror carried out have no implications for the benefit of the Indonesian people.

COVID-19-DRIVEN SOCIETAL SUSTAINABILITY IN THE APPAREL SUPPLY CHAIN: INSIGHT FROM MUSLIM-MAJORITY COUNTRIES

The current COVID-19 epidemic unveils the vulnerability in the apparel supply chain (ASC). Many workforces are facing future uncertainty due to pandemic-driven job losses. This study aims to comprehend the causes of societal sustainability deficiency in the ASC in Muslim-majority countries and propose strategies supporting a suitable improvement.� Information gathered from experts using a qualitative research method; reveals that the primary cause of the lack of societal sustainability is the dominating power of several brands in the ASC. The usage of contract workforce and illegal subcontracting of apparel production also disrupt the protocol of societal compliance. Besides, the lack of application of Islamic ethics in business operations leads to poor labor conditions causing disruption in labor-societal security. The study proposes that it is imperative to adopt a sustainable procurement framework that integrates the sharing of disturbance risks among suppliers and brands post-COVID-19 crisis. It is also crucial to prohibit suppliers operate illegal subcontracting of apparel manufacture. Besides, brands� order allocation plans and supplier selection must be adjusted to enable the workforce�s societal security. Contribution from labor unions and NGOs must be urged to achieve the grassroots level in community development schemes. As this study involves the Muslim-majority context, mitigation strategies from the Islamic ethics perspective are also considered helpful for solving societal sustainability issues in the ASC.

Islamic Ethical Perspective of Environmental Abuse in Lagos State Nigeria

The mega city of Lagos is increasingly bugged down by environmental challenges threatening the developmental agenda of successive regimes since the beginning of the 4th republic. With an estimated population of 21 million people, the environmental landscape is replete with the shattering of the basic elements of nature- land, air and water- which sustain life as a result of human indiscretion in the treatment of the environment. Such abuses constitute daily challenges being addressed by various environmental agencies in the State. Many of such governmental efforts bordering on the management of the physical consequences of environmental abuse have really not addressed the unethical human conducts which more often than not precipitate such avoidable environmental convulsions threatening sustainable development. Contrastingly, religious establishment also on their own focuses on moral protection of the environment thereby revealing a glaringly dichotomy between the approaches. This widening gap is the focus of this paper. Using exploratory and qualitative methods, this study interrogates the Islamic integrated approach as it relates with the roles of Islamic advocacy platform (Minbar) and tool (Khutbah) in the sustenance of the ecological balance ingrained into nature ab initio by Allah.

Analysis of Bvt Practices by Traditional Practitioners from Islamic Ethics Perspective

Bee venom therapy (BVT) is one of the ancient traditional treatments. BVT is believed as capable to cure a variety of diseases despite of having significant negative impacts upon its usage. However, the BVT method has raised questions as Islam forbids the killing of bees as a result of getting its venom, as well as the use of venom as a treatment method. Therefore, this study was conducted to examine the BVT practices from the standpoint of Islamic ethics. Data collected through a triangulation of document analysis and unstructured interviews with three BVT practitioners. The findings found two major ethical issues of BVT. First, the practitioners are not aware that killing bees is contrary to Islamic ethics and the BVT should be the last option to be used if there is no other treatment works for the diseases. Second, several practitioners are not qualified to carry out medical procedures due to the lack of medical knowledge and unawareness about the risk of the treatment for a certain group of people. Therefore, this study suggests BVT practitioners, especially Muslim to follow Islamic ethics when performing BVT to reduce any possible risk.

End-of-life Care of Patient from the Perspective of Islamic Ethics: An Analytical Evaluative Study

This research sheds light on ISIS’s interpretation of the Holy Qur’an by, within studying the first and second issue cover lines of Dabiq magazine. ISIS utilizes Qur’anic verses to spread their Ideologies, showing it as a source of violence, which has led to the spread of a strong feeling of Islamophobia among non-Muslims. Therefore, this research discusses ISIS’s interpreting for the verses which were mentioned in the first and second cover line articles, to provide an insight into the ways ISIS dealt with Qur’anic verses. The research depends on the analysis, comparative, and critical methodologies. the result of the study reveals that ISIS interpreted Quranic verses as they like, regardless of the basic Qur’an interpretation rules.

“Should I Be Continued Breathing?”: Management of Life Limiting Condition from Islamic Ethical Perspective

Spinal muscular atrophy (SMA) is one of the most recognised life-limiting conditions in paediatric palliative care. Despite the advancement of medical technology, many children with severe SMA die early. Often, managing physicians are trapped in dilemma whether to go all-out treating these patients or to be more conservative using palliative approach, knowing our limited resources and the futility of the treatment outcome. This article discusses the challenging aspect of managing these patients by using Islamic medical ethics to resolve this dilemma.

The Legitimacy of the Contract of Hiring of Individuals in the Process of Technology Transfer and its Alignment with Islamic Ethics

Background and Aim: Technology transfer is a process used to benefit from the scientific experiences of countries in development. The purpose of this study was to investigate the legitimacy of the lease contract in the process of technology transfer from the perspective of Islamic ethics. Materials and Methods: This qualitative study was conducted using an analytical approach and using published texts, books and articles. After examining the legitimacy of the lease contract in the technology transfer process, its alignment with Islamic ethics was examined and analyzed. Findings: The contract of hiring of individuals enjoys legal and Jurisprudence validity and legitimacy in Iranian and Islamic law. Legally, in the process of technology transfer, companies and foreign countries are recognized by the technology owner and its transferee as contractors who in the process of transfer do not own any of the manufacturing sectors and receive only wages for their activities, services and consultants. Economically, these causes benefit from both the benefits of technology and the protection of its ownership. Conclusion: From the point of view of Islamic ethics, the lease agreement has considerable legitimacy for the technology transfer process, which demonstrates the compatibility of the law with Islamic jurisprudence and ethics; it can be a guarantee for the development of the country in the light of technology transfer. Please cite this article as: Shafee H, Vaziri M. The Legitimacy of the Contract of Hiring of Individuals in the Process of Technology Transfer and its Alignment with Islamic Ethics. Bioethics Journal 2019; 9(32): 61-72.

The moderating role of Shariah compliance on the relationship between firm profitability and CSR activities

PurposeThere is a debate between sound Shariah-compliant firms engaging in social good as a moral obligation and behaving ethically in terms of increasing corporate social responsibility (CSR) activities and those firms that are not Shariah-compliant. The purpose of the present study is to contribute to this debate by empirically investigating the effect of the profitability of firms on CSR activities and shareholders’ dividends and the interaction effect of a firm’s Shariah compliance with religious and ethical principles.Design/methodology/approachThe data used in this study were collected from the annual financial reports of 74 Pakistani listed companies over 2012-2016 (N = 370). An epistemological model of the unity of knowledge was applied to determine the contribution of Shariah-compliant enterprises to community well-being. Furthermore, the Tawhidi string relation methodology was used to establish the circular causal model. To check the robustness of our findings, we also analysed the data using fixed and random effects regression models to test the effect of firm profitability on CSR activities and dividends, whereas moderation regression analysis was applied to test the moderating effect of Shariah-compliant firms.FindingsThe results show that the profitability of firms has a significant impact on shareholders’ dividends in both Shariah and non-Shariah firms. Furthermore, the relationship between firm profitability and CSR is stronger for non-Shariah-compliant firms than Shariah-compliant firms. This indicates that Shariah firms are less involved in doing CSR activities than non-Shariah firms. This implies that Shariah status does not play an important role in ensuring managers’ ethical behaviour.Practical implicationsThe results suggest that the Security and Exchange Commission of Pakistan should attach more importance to Shariah compliance by firms in developing their CSR policies to improve social development and human well-being. These findings have important implications for many Islamic countries irrespective of whether they are developed or developing.Originality/valueThe present study provides a new addition to the prior literature by investigating the relationship between profits and CSR activities and the interaction effect of Shariah-compliant firms. From an Islamic ethical perspective, this study can also contribute to the growing discussion on Shariah compliance and CSR activities.

IFSB Role in Preventing Financial Crises and Islamic Ethics Perspective

Islamic Financial Services Board (IFSB) acts as the international regulatory and supervision framework for Islamic financial services institution. Though Islamic financial industries keep growing in promising pace, they still experience some criticisms; one of them is an underestimate claim regarding Islamic finance soundness and safety which notoriously promoted to be better than the non-Islamic is lack of evidence. This claim, however, serves as the early warning to the trajectory of Islamic finance development and global vision which seems to employ. Thus, this study addresses this challenge by analyzing IFSB’s published frameworks based on the Islamic ethics. This is a descriptive inquiry which employed library-study approach. The result of this study suggests that IFSB should be more focus on human adversaries since moral hazard, either done collectively or individually, plays determining role in some systemic financial crises in the last two decades. The suggested action plan is discussed in the conclusion section.

An empirical investigation into the impact of Shari’ah-compliant status and Muslim directorship on the accuracy of IPO management earnings forecasts

PurposeIslam stresses on the practice of transparency and sufficient disclosure particularly when it concerns the ethical identity of Islamic institutions. This is to make sure that the activities conducted in business adhere to Shari’ah principles. The purpose of this paper is to examine the impact of Shari’ah-compliant status on the accuracy of initial public offering (IPO) earnings forecasts and to investigate the effect of the existence of Muslim directors on IPO companies’ board of directors on the accuracy of earnings forecasts.Design/methodology/approachThis study makes use of absolute forecast error as a proxy for earnings forecast accuracy. As obtained from the list of Shari’ah-compliant securities established by the Shari’ah Advisory Council of the Malaysian Securities Commission, the study sample comprised 190 Shari’ah-compliant and non-compliant IPOs. The collected data were analyzed through univariate analysis and ordinary least squares regression.FindingsThe initial findings show that during the study period, the earnings forecasts of Malaysian IPOs are accurate to some level, although such level is still unsatisfactory. The findings also showed that Shari’ah-compliant status and Muslim directorship do not positively affect the accuracy of IPO earnings forecasts.Practical implicationsThe findings of the study provide some implications for regulators, financial analysts, investors and users of financial statements, particularly those desirous of investing in Islamic capital market.Originality/valueThe present study provides a new and far-reaching contribution into the debate about the earnings forecasts disclosure in the context of Islamic ethical perspective. In addition, this study is considered as the first study to extend IPO literature by examining the impact of Shari’ah-compliant status and Muslim directorship on the accuracy of management earnings forecasts disclosed in the IPO prospectus.

Illicit Money in Contemporary Islamic Ethics

This paper discusses the question of the acquisition and the use of illicit money, māl ḥarām from the perspective of Islamic ethics. It first addresses five fatwas by Markaz al-fatwā on different cases of illicit money. Subsequently, the paper engages in an ethical analysis of the responses and the arguments that Markaz al-fatwā provides to justify certain positions on the issue of illicit money. The discussion ends with an investigation of the difficulties of legalistic Islamic ethics in adapting to the Western contexts.

Islamic Economics and the Relevance of Al-Qawā‘id Al-Fiqhiyyah

Islamic economics, as part of the Islamic body of knowledge, has emerged as a new social science discipline that has gained currency and recognition in various institutions of higher learning in the contemporary Muslim world. Different sources of Islamic knowledge have significantly contributed to shape its evolution and development. The Islamic legal maxims, however, do not seem to have received much attention in terms of their contextualization in the present economic thinking. Using the content analysis approach, this article examines the relevance of qawā‘id al-fiqhiyyah, placing emphasis on the five normative maxims and some of their variants, to the understanding of Islamic economics. The aim is to assess their relevance to Islamic economic life and their contextualization within time and space. It was found that qawā‘id al-fiqhiyyah significantly contributes to the understanding of Islamic economics as a discipline in the Islamic tertiary educational pursuits. They help to understand certain economic theories from the Islamic ethical perspective. Therefore, it is concluded that if Muslim social scientists, especially, Muslim economists, embrace and pursue this branch of fiqh with an utmost concern and commitment, it would facilitate a better appreciation of economic theories from the Islamic perspective.