Iramuteq Software Research Articles

Artificial Intelligence and its relations with digital competencies and Education

This paper investigates the relationship between digital skills and the use of artificial intelligence (AI) in higher education, with an emphasis on the role of teachers. The research, through content analysis, explored 15 articles from the Web of Science and Scopus databases (2020-2024), using the Iramuteq software. The searches were carried out using the search terms “Artificial Intelligence” and “Digital Competence”. The results allowed us to verify that AI plays a relevant role in several stages of the teaching and learning process, from pedagogical planning to learning assessment processes. This ultimately highlights the need for teachers to develop digital skills, as a training that makes them more effective in using AI efficiently in developing students' skills. AI is seen as a tool that can enhance learning, helping students develop knowledge-based skills, such as problem-solving and content application. The study concludes that preparing educators to integrate these technologies is essential, ensuring that digital skills are taught and applied effectively, benefiting the teaching and learning process.

A COVID-19 E O IMPACTO NA ROTINA DAS ESCOLAS DO RIO DE JANEIRO: percepção dos professores

The COVID-19 pandemic encouraged researchers and public managers to adopt several strategies to contain the spread of the SARS-Cov-2 virus, including the closure of schools, which kept children, adolescents and teachers away from the school environment for more than a year. This study, carried out in the State of Rio de Janeiro, aimed to evaluate the perception of primary and secondary school teachers about returning to school during the pandemic. Method:Cross-sectional study carried out from 11/09 to 12/23/2020, with teachers, from public and private schools, who taught children between 6-18 years old, in primary or secondary education, using an electronic form. The data were processed by the Iramuteq software. Results:Three main thematic areas were highlighted:the impact of the pandemic on education, teachers' concerns about the contagion and prevention of COVID-19, and the inadequate structure of public schools. Conclusion: The research emphasizes the need for government attention in both education and public health, addressing issues such as biosafety, preventive measures, health promotion and training of educators. It is imperative to reformulate improvement measures in the school structure, aiming to prepare in advance to face potential future pandemics and health crises, ensuring a safe and effective educational environment for students and teachers.

From HIV to Mpox: Socio-discursive Analysis of Communicable Diseases, Stigma, and Pathologization in Sexual Minorities in Brazil.

Discrimination and stigma are significant barriers to healthcare for the LGBTQIAPN+ community, necessitating a deeper analysis of their sociocultural causes. There is a notable gap in the literature regarding the understanding of socio-discursive representations and their impact on the stigmatization and pathologization of sexual minorities in the context of communicable diseases. This study aims to discuss the understanding of the sociodiscursive aspects of the health-disease process, particularly in stigmatized infectious diseases affecting the LGBTQIAPN+ community. The focus is on examining how news articles, or the set of analyzed texts (corpus), shape these perceptions. We conducted documentary research with a qualitative and discursive approach using news articles retrieved from Google NewsⓇ about diseases affecting the LGBTQIAPN+ population from 2011 to 2022. The analysis was based on critical discourse analysis, processed using MAXQDA and IRAMUTEQ software. The identified representations predominantly align with biomedical ideology, manifesting in a discourse that normalizes and medicalizes (normative-curative discourse), and notable for its pathologizing and stigmatizing nature. Six classes were found: Ethical professional dilemmas facing stigma, infection and contamination of the LGBT+ population, prejudice and discrimination in the form of information, stigma related to sexual behavior/orientation, Vulnerability and stigma related to infectious diseases, and strategies for minimizing health risk/stigma for the LGBT+ public. The most relevant analytical categories were related to infectious diseases and sexual identity. These themes were identified, indicating that media representations reinforce stigma and maintain unequal health practices (verticalization) for the LGBT+ community. Understanding these patterns within a broader historical context is crucial for promoting health education and strategies that challenge internalized prejudice. The need to reformulate cultural norms and develop health information and education policies is urgent. These policies should be led by professionals with a comprehensive and humanized vision, addressing the diverse needs of the LGBT+ population.

Online organizational complaints and impacts for private higher education institutions

The purpose of this study was to understand what would be the main complaints and consequences arising from erroneous administrative responses or failures, identifying reaction postures assumed by students in relation to Private Higher Education Institutions. The methodology applied was the Content Analysis of posts, with the help of the Iramuteq software, with the collection of 600 complaints registered in the first half of 2021 on a complaints website. The results indicated that the failures are related to the product offered (in this case, services), payment and service. As for the students' attitudes, attitudes of regret, frustration and anger were identified, influencing the tendency to make a complaint official, negative word-of-mouth and the intention to change the supplier. In addition to the results of previous studies, the attitude of confrontation on the part of the client (student) was identified, with the use of legal means to obtain reparations for damages involving the failure of services.

Atuação de uma secretaria municipal de saúde diante do desastre-crime do petróleo em Pernambuco

ABSTRACT The 2019 oil disaster-crime is considered the largest disaster on the Brazilian coast. Given the frontline in disaster response, the municipal health secretariat is crucial in the disaster risk management process. This study aimed to analyze the performance of a municipal health secretariat in the metropolitan region of Recife, Pernambuco, regarding the 2019 oil spill, adopting a descriptive, qualitative case study. We performed content Analysis with the IRaMuTeQ software on interviews with health managers, and the results revealed four categories: municipal management in marine care; disaster risk governance and its absence; the COVID-19 syndemic and its impacts on the rehabilitation and recovery of oil disaster-affected communities; what to do if a disaster strikes again. In the municipality under study, we noted early organization of response actions, the lack of governance in the disaster-crime, and health management focus on COVID-19 syndemic, which were identified as difficulties and vulnerabilities in their actions, while continuing education and coordination with fishermen and shellfish gatherers were among the lessons learned.

Exploring the relationship between taxpayers and tax authorities in the digital era: evidence on tax compliance behavior in emerging economies

Purpose This study aims to understand the determinants of the relationship between tax authorities and taxpayers in the digital era and how this relationship impacts tax compliance behavior, especially in the context of emerging countries like Morocco. Design/methodology/approach A qualitative methodology was adopted, involving interviews with tax inspectors and auditors, certified accountants’ experts and tax consultants. Data analysis was conducted using IRAMUTEQ software. Findings The research highlights that the relationship's quality and the level of mutual trust between tax authorities and taxpayers are critical in determining tax compliance in the digital era. Central factors affecting this relationship encompass effective communication, simplification of tax procedures, clarity of tax laws and the digitization of tax services. Furthermore, the study emphasizes that these dynamics and determinants significantly influence the tax compliance behavior of taxpayers in Morocco, revealing intricate connections between relational aspects and compliance attitudes. Practical implications The findings suggest that fostering a mutually trusting relationship, through improved communication, simplification and digitization, can enhance taxpayer compliance. This is valuable for policymakers and tax authorities developing strategies to improve tax systems in emerging countries. Originality/value This study contributes to the sparse literature on the relationship between tax authorities and taxpayers in the and digital era, offering new insights into factors that influence tax compliance in the post COVID-19 crisis context. Its practical recommendations provide a foundation for developing strategies aimed at improving this relationship and, consequently, taxpayer compliance behavior in emerging countries.

Social representation of social expert reports in court judgements. A relevant analysis to forensic social work

This article presents a novel contribution in the judicial field through the analysis of the social representation of expert reports in judgments handed down in Spain from 2000 to 2019. Social expert opinions are presented as evidence in judicial proceedings to assist judges in their decision-making, and despite their distinction and contribution, they currently represent an underexplored field. The purpose of this article is relevant in that it allows evidence to be generated through the analysis of the themes or issues that appear in judgments together with the content used by judges to uphold or reject claims. The strategy for this analysis is based on lexicometry using Iramuteq software, which allows us to deepen and categorise the lexical worlds, the type of relationships established between terms, as well as the contextual-relational dimension of the conditions of production of the judges' discourse around the social expert report.

Exposition aux événements traumatogènes et coping : analyse lexicométrique du discours de patients en service de victimologie

AimExposure to traumatic events is a common phenomenon in the general population. Indeed, according to international epidemiological studies, 80% of individuals have been exposed to at least one traumatic event during their lifetime. Traumatic events can lead to post-traumatic (post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) specific symptoms) and dissociative symptoms (PTSD nonspecific symptoms). However, few French studies in the field of the epidemiology and psychopathology of traumatic events take into account the emotional experience in individuals exposed to a traumatic event. Our research focus on (1) the characteristics of traumatic events and (2) the strategies to cope with it. MethodFourteen patients met at a victimization service participated in this study. The sample includes three men and eleven women aged between 21 and 54 (mean age=37.07 years-old; standard deviation=10.10). For the recruitment of patient, each patient was approached by the psychiatrist, head of the unit, to participate in the study during a consultation. An individual appointment was scheduled with patients for conducting the interview. Interviews were transcribed and we produced a lexicometric analysis with the software Iramuteq, based on the Alceste method. The Alceste method is a technique that consist in a modeling of the distribution of words in a speech and language patterns to identify the most words used by the subjects. ResultsResults demonstrated, (a) four types of traumatic events to which the patients were exposed (car accidents, interpersonal violence, domestic and intra-family violence), but the intensity of the subjective experience of the event does not appear in a specific class, and (b) that among the strategies used to cope with it, the use of active and problem-centered coping strategies appears explicitly in two specific classes: seeking for social support (18.40% of the corpus) and searching for information and understanding (19.10% of the corpus). DiscussionWe categorized the traumatic events to which the patients were personally exposed, nevertheless, as an event has a different impact on victims, the intensity of the subjective experience of the traumatic event was not clearly highlighted in the patient's speech. This finding suggests the need to focus on the potentially traumatic nature of the event in order to better understand the psychopathological repercussions. We described the use of adapted strategies (i.e., social support, the search for information and solutions) that may mediate the negative effects of the experience of traumatic events on the physical and mental health of victims. The use of emotional-related strategies may increase the conditional risk of developing post-traumatic stress disorder.

The application of Law 12.990/2014 in the public tenders of a new Brazilian Federal University: a documentary research

Brazilian legislation determines the reserve of 20% (twenty percent) of vacancies in public tenders for black people. However, difficulties are noted in federal public institutions for the effective execution of the regulations in their tenders. The object of this study was to analyze the process of implementation of Law 12.990/2014 in a new Federal University in relation to the selection, execution and maintenance of black servers. To this end, a documentary research was carried out, also using as an investigation strategy the method of content analysis of Bardin (2020), complemented by similarity analysis made available by the IRAMUTEQ software. The proposal investigated 24 public tender notices for the filling of effective positions, between the years 2014 and 2023. The results showed that the process of implementation of Law 12,990/2014 in the Federal Institution of Higher Education (FIHE) studied presented biases in the application of the standard in its tender notices. It is concluded that, despite the difficulties in the data collection stage, it was possible to understand the methodologies used – and their weaknesses – for the application of Law 12.990/2014 in the public tenders carried out by the FIHE analyzed.

Street office and care practices: emerging conceptions and reflexivities

Objective: To understand the perceptions of users of the "street office" about care practices. Methods: Mixed approach study carried out through semi-structured individual interviews with users of the "street office", with their reports analyzed through the Iramuteq software. Results: The general corpus of the reports consisted of 188 text segments (TS), with 178 TSs (94.68%), with three classes emerging: Class 1 – "Care understood by homeless people", with 85 TS (47.75%); Class 2 – "Satisfaction with access to health actions and services", with 40 TS (22.47%) and Class 3 – "Causes and coping with life on the street", with 53 TS (29.78%). The most recurrent word in the word cloud and in the analysis of similarity was “street”, showing reflections on social inequality and health disparities. Conclusion: The narratives revealed the needs of users regarding their conceptions of care practices, constituting reflectivities emerging from this service instrument.

Social representations of health-disease-care, security, and food sovereignty of indigenous students from Insikiran

The social representations of Insikiran Indigenous students regarding health-illness, care, security, insecurity, and food sovereignty were analyzed, aiming for a contextualized understanding of these topics, which are scarcely explored in the literature. This case study employed an exploratory, descriptive, and qualitative approach and was conducted at the Insikiran Institute of Indigenous Higher Education. The methodology included processing the textual corpus formed by the responses of 22 Indigenous students, using SPSS and IRaMuTeQ software. The analyses encompassed descriptive statistics, lexical analysis, descending hierarchical classification, similarity analysis, and word cloud generation. The results highlighted significant thematic diversity, emphasizing the importance of traditional health practices, concerns with chronic diseases, and the relevance of food sovereignty. The social representations were organized into three main thematic groups, demonstrating the intersections between traditional and academic knowledge. This study underscores the importance of adopting interdisciplinary and culturally adapted approaches to promote health and well-being in Indigenous communities.

Psychological adjustment and perception of patients’ relatives and healthcare providers regarding continuous deep sedation until death: A mixed-methods study.

12098 Background: France is currently in the midst of societal discussions concerning new legislation on active assistance in dying. Continuous Deep Sedation Until Death (CDSUD) is considered by some a “French exception” since 2016, but 8 years later, findings suggest that this procedure is not really clear to all, including patients, their relatives and their healthcare providers (HCP). The primary objective of this original research is to document the psychological adjustment of patients’ relatives and HCPs in the cancer context. Methods: APSY-SED (ID-RCB 2021-A03042-39) is a multicentric prospective, longitudinal and observational study, using a mixed-methods design. A lexicometric analysis of the semi-structured interviews was performed using Iramuteq software. A questionnaire survey was conducted, encompassing for relatives: anxiety and depressive symptoms (STAI-S, BDI-II); for HCPs: Professional Stress and Professional experience (Karasek questionnaire). We present here the main results at T1 (when CDSUD is implemented). Results: Main quantitative results are presented in Table I. Regarding qualitative findings, fifteen research interviews with relatives and 15 interviews with HCP were analyzed. Most frequent words associated with CDSUD were its “objectives”, its specific “temporality”, the mention of “euthanasia”, and “saying goodbye”. Confusion between CDSUD and euthanasia persists in relatives and HCPs. Conclusions: On average, relatives reported severe anxiety in the context of CDSUD. The qualitative findings regarding the main concerns shared by the relatives concerning the CDSUD temporality perceived as brutal, shed light on this anxiety. The second assessment time of this study, 6 months after death, including measures of depression, anxiety, intensity of grief reactions, will allow to specify the adjustement at mid-term. This is the first empirical study carried out in France on the adjustment of relatives and HCPs caring for patients with cancer for whom CDSUD is discussed. [Table: see text]

DEMANDS AND OFFERS OF PRIMARY CARE IN CHILDREN’S MENTAL HEALTH

The objective was to understand the demands and offers of Primary Care with regard to mental health care for children and adolescents, from the perspective of workers. This is a qualitative research, made with 41 primary care (BA) health workers in a municipality in the Southeast region. As an adopted methodology semi-structured interviews were used and two focus groups, in the latter, 20 workers participated among those who were interviewed. This was followed by a lexical analysis of the Descending Hierarchical Classification type with the help of the IRAMUTEQ software, resulting in five classes. Conceptions of childhood and adolescence appeared in the reports, still marked by ideas of incompleteness and a logic of specialized care.

‘Uma parte de mim sabia que isso aconteceria um dia’: vivências de jovens com HIV/aids

ABSTRACT This study was aimed at understanding the social representations of young people living with HIV. This is a qualitative study, based on the Social Representations Theory, carried out with 16 young people in outpatient follow-up. Data were collected between May and October 2022, through semi-structured interviews. For data processing, the lexical analysis technique was used, operationalized with the aid of the IRAMUTEQ software. The representation strongly associated with the diagnosis of HIV is related to lack of knowledge, prejudice and acceptance, also presenting positive elements such as a new beginning. Classes: Positive diagnosis for HIV: the new ‘me’; HIV in the face of ignorance and stigma; and Interpersonal relationships: dialogue, acceptance and respect necessary for young people. It was understood that the social representations of young people with HIV reflect their condition in society. The data show that there are different ways of experiencing HIV, often represented by fragility, resignation, and other times by strengthening. In order to minimize the vulnerability of young people to exposure to HIV and the risks of living with stigma and social prejudice, it is necessary to adopt strategies to raise awareness about the disease and to expand the dissemination of public policies that cover this topic.

Special education, pandemic and social representations: a state of the art survey

The Covid-19 Pandemic represented obstacles for students with Special Education Needs. In this context, we aimed to understand the Social Representations of researchers on Special Education during the Covid-19 pandemic. Through “State of the Art” and Hermeneutics research, with the theoretical contribution of the Theory of Social Representations, we interpreted publications by researchers on the subject in CAPES journals. To systematize the results, we used the IRaMuTeQ software, which made it possible to understand Social Representations through the Word Cloud and the Similitude Tree. We infer that the Social Representations on Special Education highlighted the difficulties of the educational process and the need for actions in the post-pandemic context such as efficient Policies, teachers and professionals’ formation aimed at providing assistance, the construction of new educational models and approaches.

Tourism and the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals

Contemporary society has experienced a significant evolution in its engagement with sustainability, driven by various factors, including global initiatives such as the United Nations (UN) Global Compact (2000), further energized by the 2030 Agenda and its Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). This study explores the interplay between tourism and these UN’s Sustainable Development Goals, employing a bibliometric analysis of scholarly literature, with findings processed through Iramuteq software. The investigation reveals that academic discourse connects tourism to 13 of the 17 SDGs outlined in the UN’s 2030 Agenda, with a predominant focus on SDG 8 – decent work and economic growth. Notably, the analysis uncovers a discrepancy in the scholarly treatment of SDG 14 – life below water, which, despite being earmarked by the World Tourism Organization (UNWTO) as a critical area for tourism, receives limited attention, in contrast to SDG 11 – sustainable cities and communities. The study concludes that the academic exploration of the nexus between tourism and the SDGs has been relatively superficial, lacking depth in the context of the broader tourism and sustainability discourse.

‘I came to the Basque Country, and now I have to learn their language’. Migrant students’ attitudes towards the use of a minority language

ABSTRACT This study analyzes the attitudes of migrant children towards the Basque language within the context of varying linguistic models and the dichotomy between public and private educational institutions. Engaging 145 migrant children aged 12–16; the research utilised open-ended questions analyzed via Iramuteq software to discern patterns in language perception. The analysis concludes that participants in model A or those attending private schools perceive Basque as a challenging aspect of their education. In contrast, students in model B regard it as just another language subject, while those in model D appreciate its community-binding significance, acknowledging its role in social integration. Students from public schools, which exhibit a higher prevalence of Basque than private religious institutions, recognised its instrumental value. The study emphasises the necessity of fostering positive attitudes towards minority languages like Basque, highlighting the importance of approaches based on the educational setting and linguistic framework. It also alerts to the ongoing risk of ghettoisation, stressing the imperative for meticulously devised and executed educational policies to foster inclusivity and prevent segregation. Additionally, there is a warning against the processes of ghettoisation that is currently taking place, highlighting the need for careful planning and implementation of such educational strategies.

Geographical indication of São Matheus as a boost to gastronomic tourism

Yerba-mate has undeniable historical-cultural and economic value, especially in Southern Brazil. The consumption of yerba-mate as chimarrão or tea is usual, and the product can also be creatively used as an ingredient in other food preparations. In Paraná, the state flag has a branch of this plant on it, representing the importance of this production in its colonization, emancipation, and consolidation as a state. Aiming to protect and promote products in connection to their origin, appears the sign of geographical indications (GIs). Regarding this product, the first GI, namely, the GI São Matheus, was granted in 2017 and its territory comprises 06 municipalities located in the South of the state of Paraná. Taking that into consideration, this article sought to analyze how the implementation of a geographical indication might boost gastronomic tourism in a given region. To carry out the investigation, the potentiality of the territory of São Matheus, located in Southern Paraná – Brazil was observed. The data was organized and treated by developing an interpretive case study. The participants were 28 actors (producers, support organizations, and other relevant individuals, employing a process called “snowball”), document analysis and direct observation were also used. The data analysis employed content analysis aided by the software IRaMuTeQ for key questions. After crossing evidence, we verified the existence of actors promoting local gastronomy and tourism. However, strengthening the GI management is still needed along with the aggregation of other territorial assets to promote the rediscovery of its potentialities.

Mapping the future of frugal innovation research through CAQDAS technique

Purpose This study aims to answer the following research question: What are the opportunities for future research concerning the Frugal Innovation (FI) phenomenon? To address this, the authors propose a novel approach to literature review on the topic. They do so in view of synthesising scholars’ recommendations for subsequent studies. They also advocate that it is time to contribute to the establishment of the FI field by mapping the future of this approach. Design/methodology/approach The authors conducted a systematic literature review (SLR) to connect past and future research on FI. After the screening process of the documents extracted from multiple databases, they performed a bibliometric analysis to provide an overview of the field. Furthermore, the lexical analysis and descending hierarchical analysis were generated through the IRAMUTEQ software to identify the clusters for future research on FI. Findings This research not only demonstrates the current state of the art of FI literature but also identifies a research agenda with six categories of opportunities for further studies on the topic: frugal consumer behaviour; establishment of the field; sustainable impact; approaches to different contexts; implementation processes; and challenges for value creation. Originality/value The FI phenomenon is receiving increasing attention from scholars in the management field due to its socioeconomic and managerial implications, especially after the Covid-19 outbreak. Therefore, the findings benefit scholars striving to expand the scope of FI research, as well as entrepreneurs, managers and organisations aiming to enhance their social responsibility to reduce their environmental impact.

Early detection of cervical and breast cancer: representations of primary care nurses

To analyze the practices of early detection of cervical and breast cancer performed by nurses in primary health care in Baixada Litorânea/RJ/Brazil. Qualitative, descriptive study; carried out with 43 nurses; data obtained through a self-completed form on socioprofessional profile; Focus groups, whose text corpus was prepared with IRaMuTeQ software for analysis through the Descending Hierarchical Classification guided by the Theory of Social Representation. Presented in two classes: Tensions between demands for early detection of cervical and breast cancer and nurses' professional practice; and Between public policies and daily practice: contents, meanings and attitudes. The nurses' representations showed practices permeated by scientific knowledge and common sense that consider their professional experience. Doubts and questions about the current guidelines reveal obstacles to effective care. We emphasize the need for permanent reconstruction of this knowledge with the teams and women.